Atmospheric vertical multi-parameter synchronous detection device and method based on quantum measurement

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of atmosphere vertical parameter detection, and discloses an atmosphere vertical multi-parameter synchronous detection device and method based on quantum measurement. The atmosphere vertical multi-parameter synchronous detection device comprises a quantum measurement detection module and a high-speed multi-channel acquisition module, in the quantum measurement and detection module, a multi-stage amplification module is used for inputting laser and transmitting the laser to a second harmonic generation crystal, and then the laser is connected to a target irradiation module and an optical fiber beam splitter through a beam splitter; the receiving optical module is connected to the beam combiner through the signal phase modulation module, and the optical fiber beam splitter is connected to the beam combiner through the probe optical path phase modulator; the optical fiber beam splitter is connected to the balance detector through the local oscillator, and the beam combiner is connected to the balance detector through the phase-sensitive amplifier; and the output of the receiving optical module is also connected to the single-photon detection module through the optical filtering module and the modulation module in sequence. According to the technical scheme, the measurement precision and the measurement efficiency of atmospheric vertical multi-parameter measurement can be comprehensively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of atmospheric vertical parameter detection, relates to the field of quantum measurement, and particularly relates to a device and method for synchronously detecting atmospheric vertical multiple parameters based on quantum measurement. Background Art

[0002] Atmospheric vertical detection refers to the detection of five profiles, including temperature, humidity, air pressure, wind, hydrometeor and aerosol, in the vertical atmospheric column from the ground to the boundary layer, troposphere and even above the stratosphere, taking into account the comprehensive observation of meteorological elements such as radiation and atmospheric composition. It has important practical value. To further illustrate and explain, taking the field of environmental pollution control as an example, the reduction of fine particle emissions in the atmosphere among the atmospheric vertical parameters is the core of atmospheric environmental control. LiDAR can effectively detect the vertical distribution information of pollutants and provide important parameters for the causes, transmission and diffusion of pollution.

[0003] After nearly a hundred years of development, meteorological detection technology has made great progress in terms of theory, system, implementation method and technical application. However, it has encountered certain development bottlenecks in terms of detection distance, accuracy, target resolution and recognition capabilities. Specifically, in the existing technical solutions, meter-wave equipment, radar equipment, etc. are mainly used to measure vertical meteorological parameters. Due to the limitations of the detection equipment performance and detection methods, it takes a long time to obtain a profile (explanatory, generally one or several hours); in the field of meteorology, the above-mentioned long time has a huge impact on the measurement results. In addition, in the field of vertical multi-parameters of the atmosphere, due to the different properties of the targets to be measured, different measurement equipment is usually required, resulting in the complexity and cost of building a measurement system. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device and method for synchronous detection of atmospheric vertical multi-parameters based on quantum measurement to solve one or more of the above-mentioned technical problems. The technical solution disclosed in the present invention adopts the idea of ​​quantum enhancement at the receiving end to improve the existing classical detection scheme, and by adopting near-infrared detection technology based on quantum measurement detection module and multi-channel high-precision data acquisition means based on high-speed multi-channel acquisition module, it can comprehensively improve the measurement accuracy and efficiency of atmospheric vertical multi-parameter measurement.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, the present invention provides an atmospheric vertical multi-parameter synchronous detection device based on quantum measurement, comprising: a quantum measurement detection module and a high-speed multi-channel acquisition module; wherein: The quantum measurement detection module includes: a laser light source module, a multi-stage amplification module, a second harmonic generation crystal, a beam splitter, a target irradiation module, an optical fiber beam splitter, a receiving optical module, a signal phase modulation module, a local oscillator, a probe optical path phase modulator, a beam combiner, a phase-sensitive amplifier, a balanced detector, an optical filtering module, a modulation module and a single-photon detection module; wherein the multi-stage amplification module is used to input the laser light emitted by the laser light source module, and transmit the laser light to the second harmonic generation crystal after multi-stage amplification; the output of the second harmonic generation crystal is respectively connected to the target irradiation module and the optical fiber beam splitter after passing through the beam splitter; the target irradiation module is used to The receiving optical module is used to receive the reflected light after the target illumination module illuminates the detection target; the output of the receiving optical module is connected to the beam combiner via the signal phase modulation module, and the output of the optical fiber beam splitter is connected to the beam combiner via the probe optical path phase modulator; the output of the optical fiber beam splitter is also connected to the balanced detector via the local oscillator, and the beam combiner is connected to the balanced detector via the phase-sensitive amplifier; the output of the receiving optical module is also connected to the single-photon detection module via the optical filtering module and the modulation module in sequence; the phase-sensitive amplifier and the second harmonic generation crystal are connected by phase-locked control technology; The outputs of the balanced detector and the single-photon detection module are both used to access the high-speed multi-channel acquisition module; the high-speed multi-channel acquisition module is used to output the measurement results.

[0006] A further improvement of the present invention is that the high-speed multi-channel acquisition module includes: a photoelectric conversion module, a high-speed cache module and a data processing module; wherein, The photoelectric conversion module is used to access the outputs of the balanced detector and the single photon detection module; The photoelectric conversion module is connected to the data processing module via the cache module; The data processing module is used to perform signal analysis and output measurement results.

[0007] A further improvement of the present invention is that the high-speed multi-channel acquisition module further includes: The data storage module is used to store the measurement results.

[0008] A further improvement of the present invention is that the high-speed multi-channel acquisition module further includes: A data output module is used to synchronize the measurement results to equipment other than the atmospheric vertical multi-parameter synchronous detection device.

[0009] A further improvement of the present invention is that the laser light source module is a 1550nm laser light source module.

[0010] A further improvement of the present invention is that the beam combiner is a 10 / 90 beam combiner.

[0011] A further improvement of the present invention is that the receiving optical module, the optical filtering module, the modulation module and the single-photon detection module are serially connected in sequence through a multi-mode optical fiber; and the modulation module is a fiber mode scrambler.

[0012] A further improvement of the present invention is that the detection target is a vertical atmospheric column in any range from 0.5m to 10km from the ground.

[0013] A further improvement of the present invention is that the measurement result is a curve or function of the profile of one or more of wind field, temperature, humidity, particulate matter and gas composition changing with height.

[0014] In a second aspect of the present invention, a method for synchronous detection of atmospheric vertical multi-parameters based on quantum measurement is provided. Based on the atmospheric vertical multi-parameter synchronous detection device described in any one of the first aspects of the present invention, the method for synchronous detection of atmospheric vertical multi-parameters comprises the following steps: The multi-stage amplification module inputs the laser light emitted by the laser light source module, performs multi-stage amplification on the laser light and transmits it to the second harmonic generation crystal, and then passes through the beam splitter and inputs it to the target illumination module and the optical fiber beam splitter respectively; The target illumination module illuminates the detection target; the receiving optical module receives the reflected light after the target illumination module illuminates the detection target; the output of the receiving optical module is connected to the beam combiner via the signal phase modulation module, and the output of the optical fiber beam splitter is connected to the beam combiner via the probe optical path phase modulator; the output of the optical fiber beam splitter is also connected to the balanced detector via the local oscillator, and the beam combiner is connected to the balanced detector via the phase-sensitive amplifier; the phase-sensitive amplifier and the second harmonic generation crystal are connected by phase-locked control technology; the output of the receiving optical module is also connected to the single-photon detection module via the optical filtering module and the modulation module in sequence; The outputs of the balanced detector and the single-photon detection module are both connected to the high-speed multi-channel acquisition module, and the high-speed multi-channel acquisition module outputs the measurement result.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: In view of the problems of poor detection accuracy and efficiency in the existing atmospheric vertical multi-parameter detection, the present invention discloses a quantum measurement-based atmospheric vertical multi-parameter synchronous detection device, in which the quantum measurement detection module adopts the technical means of integrating single-photon direct detection and coherent detection, which can realize multi-parameter synchronous detection and improve the measurement accuracy and detection efficiency; in addition, it is equipped with a high-speed multi-channel acquisition module, which also effectively improves the detection efficiency. Further explanatory, in the technical means of integrating single-photon direct detection and coherent detection, the means of single-photon direct detection can realize high-precision measurement of gas concentration, and the means of coherent detection can obtain relevant information of the atmospheric vertical profile. In summary, through the technical solution of the present invention, it is possible to realize the synchronous superposition measurement of multiple atmospheric vertical parameters, realize the synchronous measurement of multiple parameters, and improve the measurement accuracy and efficiency, so that analysts can obtain multiple meteorological information at the same time in a short time, which is conducive to the comprehensive situation analysis of meteorological information; in addition, the integrated technical solution is conducive to reducing the cost of later equipment development, can increase the reusability of detection equipment, and has good practical value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below; obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of an atmospheric vertical multi-parameter synchronous detection device based on quantum measurement in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a device for synchronously detecting vertical multi-parameters of the atmosphere based on quantum measurement in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 It is a flow chart of a method for synchronously detecting vertical multi-parameters of the atmosphere based on quantum measurement in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0021] See also Figure 1 In an embodiment of the present invention, a device for synchronously detecting vertical multi-parameters of the atmosphere based on quantum measurement is provided, comprising: a quantum measurement detection module and a high-speed multi-channel acquisition module; wherein, The quantum measurement detection module includes a laser light source module, a multi-stage amplification module, a second harmonic generation crystal, a beam splitter, a target irradiation module, an optical fiber beam splitter, a receiving optical module, a signal phase modulation module, a local oscillator, a probe optical path phase modulator, a beam combiner, a phase sensitive amplifier, a balanced detector, an optical filtering module, a modulation module and a single photon detection module; wherein the multi-stage amplification module is used to input the laser emitted by the laser light source module, and transmit it to the second harmonic generation (SHG) crystal after multi-stage amplification, and then is respectively connected to the target irradiation module and the optical fiber beam splitter through the beam splitter; the target irradiation module is used to irradiate the detection target, and the receiving optical module is used to receive the reflected light after the target irradiation module irradiates the detection target; the output of the receiving optical module is connected to the beam combiner through the signal phase modulation module; the output of the optical fiber beam splitter is connected to the beam combiner through the probe optical path phase modulator; the output of the optical fiber beam splitter is also connected to the balanced detector through the local oscillator, and the beam combiner is connected to the phase sensitive amplifier (Phase Sensitive Amplifier (PSA) is connected to the balanced detector; the output of the receiving optical module is also connected to the single photon detection module via the optical filtering module and the modulation module; the phase-sensitive amplifier and the second harmonic generation crystal are connected through the phase-locked control technology; The outputs of the balanced detector and the single-photon detection module are both connected to the high-speed multi-channel acquisition module.

[0022] In the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the quantum measurement detection module adopts the technical means of integrating the two measurement modes of single photon and coherent measurement, and inputs the measurement results into the high-speed multi-channel acquisition module through independent channels for post-processing, which effectively improves the types and efficiency of the targets to be measured. Further explaining the principle, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention adopts wavelength division multiplexing technology: in single photon measurement, the backscattered signal is received by the receiving optical module, and then modulated by the optical filtering module and the modulation module to obtain gas concentration information; in coherent measurement, the backscattered signal enters the circulator through the receiving optical module, and then mixes with the local oscillator light, and is measured by the balanced detector to obtain relevant information of the vertical profile of the atmosphere (such as wind field, temperature, humidity, etc.).

[0023] Further exemplarily, during single-photon measurement, the backscattered signal is received by a receiving optical module (such as a dual-axis telescope) and coupled into a multimode optical fiber, and then modulated by an optical filtering module and a modulation module (such as a fiber mode scrambler) to obtain gas concentration information.

[0024] See also Figure 2 In one embodiment of the present invention, the laser light source module is specifically a 1550nm laser light source module; further, the beam combiner is specifically a 10 / 90 beam combiner.

[0025] Furthermore, the quantum measurement detection module is connected to the high-speed multi-channel acquisition module via an optical fiber to perform signal post-processing; wherein, During signal post-processing, the pulse signal is transmitted to the cache module through the photoelectric conversion module for high-speed signal processing, thereby realizing signal synchronous drive of the entire system; then, the signal analysis is completed through the data processing module, and the measurement results are output; in the preferred solution, the measurement results can be saved in the data storage module and can be further synchronized to other devices through the data output module.

[0026] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention, the detection target refers to the vertical atmospheric range from 0.5m to 10km above the ground, and the objects supported for detection include wind field, temperature, humidity, particulate matter, gas composition (such as ozone, methane, carbon dioxide, etc.) profiles, etc. Explanatoryally, the main function of the quantum measurement detection module is to generate a laser with a central wavelength of 1550nm and receive the optical signal reflected from the detection target to realize quantum measurement; the high-speed multi-channel acquisition module is mainly used to post-process the measurement data to realize the analysis, storage and output of the measurement results.

[0027] In the atmospheric vertical parameter detection scheme, a classical source is used to illuminate the target area, and a quantum measurement detection module and a high-speed multi-channel acquisition module are used in the receiver, and a technical means of integrating single-photon direct detection with coherent detection is adopted; based on the detection results of the above two technical means, a high-speed multi-channel acquisition module is used to complete data acquisition and simulation calculation, and finally the results are output. In summary, in the technical scheme of the present invention, quantum measurement technology will be applied to atmospheric parameter measurement in the future, and the measurement accuracy will be effectively improved based on the quantum effect.

[0028] In the embodiment of the present invention, a scheme for synchronous vertical multi-parameter detection of the atmosphere is proposed based on quantum precision measurement technology, which can meet the requirements of large-scale ultra-fine three-dimensional atmospheric temperature, wind field, humidity, visibility, particulate matter and atmospheric composition detection. Through the method of quantum measurement, the measurement of atmospheric parameters can be made more refined, and previously unobservable data can be observed, providing important data supplements for studying the mechanism of meteorological changes. It should be further emphasized that the present invention realizes the integration of atmospheric parameter measurement, can measure multiple atmospheric parameters at the same time, and can reduce costs.

[0029] Quantum measurement technology is based on the quantum effects of theoretical matter. It can break through the limits of classical meteorological measurements and comprehensively improve the detection range, spatiotemporal resolution and accuracy of radar. The development of quantum technology is an inherent requirement for achieving high-quality meteorological development. At present, there are three main meteorological detection methods based on quantum measurement: interferometric measurement, quantum enhancement at the receiving end, and quantum irradiation. The relatively mature technology is the receiving quantum enhanced detection scheme. The main problem with quantum measurement technology in the vertical measurement of atmospheric parameters is that it is not easy to achieve high-precision measurements of the position information, composition information, extinction coefficient, etc. of multiple detection targets in the detection area.

[0030] Traditional radars perform measurements based on the wave properties of electromagnetic waves. The detection bottleneck of this type of radar is determined by the wavelength of the electromagnetic waves. In order to further break through the performance bottleneck of traditional radars, the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention introduces quantum measurement into the receiving end of the radar, and uses the quantum characteristics of wave-particle duality to achieve performance improvements over classical radars. Existing technical means can only measure a single target, and cannot simultaneously obtain information related to atmospheric composition and determine information such as the distance, shape, and height of the surveying target in the atmospheric environment. The technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention proposes a technical means that combines single-photon detection and multi-photon detection, and ultimately achieves efficient measurement of multiple parameters through a high-speed multi-channel acquisition module.

[0031] See also Figure 3 In an embodiment of the present invention, a method for synchronously detecting multiple parameters of an atmosphere vertically based on quantum measurement is provided. Based on the above-mentioned synchronously detecting device for detecting multiple parameters of an atmosphere vertically based on the present invention, the method for synchronously detecting multiple parameters of an atmosphere vertically based on quantum measurement is provided. The method comprises the following steps: Step 1, the multi-stage amplification module inputs the laser light emitted by the laser light source module, transmits the laser light to the second harmonic generation crystal after multi-stage amplification, and then inputs the laser light to the target illumination module and the optical fiber beam splitter after passing through the beam splitter; Step 2, the target illumination module illuminates the detection target; the receiving optical module receives the reflected light after the target illumination module illuminates the detection target; the output of the receiving optical module is connected to the beam combiner via the signal phase modulation module, and the output of the optical fiber beam splitter is connected to the beam combiner via the probe optical path phase modulator; the output of the optical fiber beam splitter is also connected to the balanced detector via the local oscillator, and the beam combiner is connected to the balanced detector via the phase-sensitive amplifier; the phase-sensitive amplifier and the second harmonic generation crystal are connected by phase-locked control technology; the output of the receiving optical module is also connected to the single-photon detection module via the optical filtering module and the modulation module in sequence; Step 3: The outputs of the balanced detector and the single-photon detection module are both connected to the high-speed multi-channel acquisition module, and the high-speed multi-channel acquisition module outputs the measurement result.

[0032] In the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention, a laser light source module is used as the output light source, and the wavelength can be modulated according to different detection targets; wherein, the single-photon direct measurement target is the gas concentration, and the coherent measurement target is information such as particulate pollution intensity, wind field and rainfall; in addition, a beam splitter is used as a local reference light; during the detection process, time division multiplexing technology is used to emit laser pulses of different frequencies, and then echo signals at different detection distances are received; for the received echo signals, single-photon direct measurement and coherent measurement methods can be used for synchronous processing, and the processed signals are input into a high-speed multi-channel acquisition module using an independent channel, which improves the measurement efficiency and measurement accuracy, and reduces the measurement cost to a certain extent.

[0033] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in the relevant field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present invention can still be modified or replaced by equivalents. Any modification or equivalent replacement that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for synchronously detecting vertical multi-parameters of the atmosphere based on quantum measurement, characterized in that: include: Quantum measurement detection module and high-speed multi-channel acquisition module; among them, The quantum measurement detection module includes: a laser light source module, a multi-stage amplification module, a second harmonic generation crystal, a beam splitter, a target irradiation module, an optical fiber beam splitter, a receiving optical module, a signal phase modulation module, a local oscillator, a probe optical path phase modulator, a beam combiner, a phase-sensitive amplifier, a balanced detector, an optical filtering module, a modulation module and a single-photon detection module; wherein the multi-stage amplification module is used to input the laser light emitted by the laser light source module, and transmit the laser light to the second harmonic generation crystal after multi-stage amplification; the output of the second harmonic generation crystal is respectively connected to the target irradiation module and the optical fiber beam splitter after passing through the beam splitter; the target irradiation module is used to The receiving optical module is used to receive the reflected light after the target illumination module illuminates the detection target; the output of the receiving optical module is connected to the beam combiner via the signal phase modulation module, and the output of the optical fiber beam splitter is connected to the beam combiner via the probe optical path phase modulator; the output of the optical fiber beam splitter is also connected to the balanced detector via the local oscillator, and the beam combiner is connected to the balanced detector via the phase-sensitive amplifier; the output of the receiving optical module is also connected to the single-photon detection module via the optical filtering module and the modulation module in sequence; the phase-sensitive amplifier and the second harmonic generation crystal are connected by phase-locked control technology; The outputs of the balanced detector and the single-photon detection module are both used to access the high-speed multi-channel acquisition module; the high-speed multi-channel acquisition module is used to output the measurement results.

2. According to claim 1, a quantum measurement-based atmospheric vertical multi-parameter synchronous detection device is characterized in that: The high-speed multi-channel acquisition module includes: a photoelectric conversion module, a high-speed cache module and a data processing module; wherein, The photoelectric conversion module is used to access the outputs of the balanced detector and the single photon detection module; The photoelectric conversion module is connected to the data processing module via the cache module; The data processing module is used to perform signal analysis and output measurement results.

3. The atmospheric vertical multi-parameter synchronous detection device based on quantum measurement according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The high-speed multi-channel acquisition module also includes: The data storage module is used to store the measurement results.

4. The atmospheric vertical multi-parameter synchronous detection device based on quantum measurement according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The high-speed multi-channel acquisition module also includes: A data output module is used to synchronize the measurement results to equipment other than the atmospheric vertical multi-parameter synchronous detection device.

5. The atmospheric vertical multi-parameter synchronous detection device based on quantum measurement according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The laser light source module is a 1550nm laser light source module.

6. The atmospheric vertical multi-parameter synchronous detection device based on quantum measurement according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The beam combiner is a 10 / 90 beam combiner.

7. The atmospheric vertical multi-parameter synchronous detection device based on quantum measurement according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The receiving optical module, the optical filtering module, the modulation module and the single-photon detection module are serially connected in sequence through a multi-mode optical fiber; the modulation module is an optical fiber mode scrambler.

8. The atmospheric vertical multi-parameter synchronous detection device based on quantum measurement according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The detection target is a vertical atmospheric column in any range from 0.5m to 10km from the ground.

9. The atmospheric vertical multi-parameter synchronous detection device based on quantum measurement according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The measurement result is a curve or function of the profile of one or more of wind field, temperature, humidity, particulate matter and gas composition changing with height.

10. A method for synchronous detection of atmospheric vertical multi-parameters based on quantum measurement, characterized in that: Based on the atmospheric vertical multi-parameter synchronous detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the atmospheric vertical multi-parameter synchronous detection method comprises the following steps: The multi-stage amplification module inputs the laser light emitted by the laser light source module, performs multi-stage amplification on the laser light and transmits it to the second harmonic generation crystal, and then passes through the beam splitter and inputs it to the target illumination module and the optical fiber beam splitter respectively; The target illumination module illuminates the detection target; the receiving optical module receives the reflected light after the target illumination module illuminates the detection target; the output of the receiving optical module is connected to the beam combiner via the signal phase modulation module, and the output of the optical fiber beam splitter is connected to the beam combiner via the probe optical path phase modulator; the output of the optical fiber beam splitter is also connected to the balanced detector via the local oscillator, and the beam combiner is connected to the balanced detector via the phase-sensitive amplifier; the phase-sensitive amplifier and the second harmonic generation crystal are connected by phase-locked control technology; the output of the receiving optical module is also connected to the single-photon detection module via the optical filtering module and the modulation module in sequence; The outputs of the balanced detector and the single-photon detection module are both connected to the high-speed multi-channel acquisition module, and the high-speed multi-channel acquisition module outputs the measurement result.

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