Seeding device, air pressure type high-speed precision seed-metering device thereof, seed cleaning device and seed cleaning method

Abstract

The invention relates to a seeding device and an air pressure type high-speed precision seed-metering device and a seed cleaning device and method thereof, the seeding device comprises the air pressure type high-speed precision seed-metering device, the seed-metering device comprises the seed cleaning device, the seed cleaning device comprises a seed cleaning mechanism, the seed cleaning mechanism comprises a seed cleaning rotating arm and a plurality of elastic wheels, one end of the seed cleaning rotating arm is pivoted with a shell of the seed-metering device, and the other end of the seed cleaning rotating arm is pivoted with the shell of the seed-metering device; the plurality of elastic wheels are sequentially mounted at the other end of the seed cleaning rotating arm, and the distances between the edges of the plurality of elastic wheels and the centers of the seed metering holes are respectively adjustable and are sequentially increased or decreased; the seed cleaning adjusting mechanism comprises a rotating motor and an adjusting arm, the rotating motor is mounted in the seed-metering device shell, and two ends of the adjusting arm are respectively connected with the seed cleaning rotating arm and a transmission shaft of the rotating motor; wherein the rotating motor is connected with the controller, and the controller controls the rotating motor to drive the adjusting arm to drive the seed cleaning rotating arm to adjust the distance between the edge of the elastic wheel and the center of a seed metering hole of the seed metering disc in real time according to a detected seed feeding signal so as to ensure normal seed metering. The invention further correspondingly provides a seed cleaning method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an agricultural pneumatic precision seeding device, in particular to an integrated precision fertilization and sowing device and a pneumatic high-speed precision seeding device and a seed cleaning device and method which can realize stable seed filling, intelligent seed cleaning, stable seed carrying and high-speed and accurate seeding under high-speed operation conditions. Background Art

[0002] Corn is an important food crop used for both food and oil. In recent years, with the development of economy and science and technology, the mechanization, precision and intelligence of corn production have developed rapidly. Precision seeding technology can evenly sow seeds into the field according to agronomic requirements, so that the spacing between plants, rows and sowing depth is uniform, which can not only increase crop yields, but also reduce the use of improved varieties and manual thinning operations, saving production costs.

[0003] The precision seeding device is the core technology of precision seeding. It separates single seeds from the seed population through seed filling, seed clearing, seed carrying, and seed throwing, forming a uniform and orderly seed flow and achieving precise delivery, which is the key to improving the performance of seeding operations. As agricultural production develops towards scale, operators have higher requirements for the efficiency and quality of precision seeding, that is, high-quality and high-efficiency precision seeding operations under high-speed operations (above 12 km / h). At present, under the conditions of high-speed precision seeding operations, traditional seed disturbance devices are difficult to adapt to high-speed operating conditions, and the population is densely accumulated, and the poor fluidity leads to poor seed filling performance; traditional seed clearing devices have poor applicability and are prone to missed clearing or over-clearing, resulting in high missed seeding and reseeding rates; traditional high-position seeding is prone to collision and bounce with the seeding tube, resulting in poor seed spacing qualification rate, which seriously affects the sowing quality. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a pneumatic high-speed precision seeding device and a seed cleaning device and method thereof in response to the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, so as to solve the problems that the existing precision seeding devices have poor seed filling performance, poor applicability of seed cleaning devices, easy missed and repeated seeding, and poor seeding uniformity under high-speed operation conditions, which seriously affect the quality and efficiency of high-speed precision seeding.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a seed cleaning device, which is installed in the housing of the seeding device corresponding to the seeding disk of the seeding device, and includes:

[0006] A seed clearing mechanism, comprising a seed clearing rotating arm and a plurality of elastic wheels, one end of the seed clearing rotating arm being pivotally connected to the housing of the seed metering device, a plurality of elastic wheels being sequentially mounted on the other end of the seed clearing rotating arm, and the distances between the edges of the plurality of elastic wheels and the center of the seeding hole of the seeding disk being adjustable and increasing or decreasing in sequence; and

[0007] The seed clearing adjustment mechanism comprises a rotating motor and an adjusting arm, wherein the rotating motor is installed in the housing of the seed metering device, and the two ends of the adjusting arm are respectively connected to the seed clearing rotating arm and the transmission shaft of the rotating motor;

[0008] Among them, the rotating motor is connected to the controller of the seed metering device. The controller controls the rotating motor to drive the adjusting arm to drive the seed cleaning rotating arm to rotate according to the detected seeding signal of the seed metering device, and adjusts the distance between the edge of the elastic wheel and the center of the seeding hole of the seeding disk in real time to ensure normal seeding.

[0009] The above-mentioned seed cleaning device, wherein the seed cleaning rotating arm includes a straight arm and an arc-shaped arm, one end of the straight arm is pivotally connected to the housing of the seed metering device through a seed cleaning rotating shaft, and the seed cleaning rotating shaft is located on one side of the rotating shaft of the seed metering device; one end of the arc-shaped arm is connected to the other end of the straight arm, and a plurality of elastic wheels are sequentially installed on the arc-shaped arm and close to the other end of the arc-shaped arm; the curvature of the arc-shaped arm is adapted to the seeding hole of the seeding disk.

[0010] The above-mentioned seed cleaning device, wherein the plurality of elastic wheels are respectively connected to the arc-shaped arm through a mounting plate, one end of the mounting plate is connected to the arc-shaped arm, and the elastic wheel is mounted on the other end of the mounting plate, and the connection position between the mounting plate and the arc-shaped arm is adjusted to adjust the distance between the edge of the elastic wheel and the center of the seed-discharging hole.

[0011] In the above-mentioned seed cleaning device, one end of the adjusting arm is connected to the other end of the straight arm through a pin shaft, and the adjusting arm drives the seed cleaning rotating arm to rotate around the seed cleaning rotating axis between -10° and 10° to fine-tune the distance between the edge of the elastic wheel and the center of the seed row hole.

[0012] In order to better achieve the above object, the present invention also provides a seed cleaning method, wherein the above seed cleaning device is used to perform intelligent seed cleaning of a seed meter, comprising the following steps:

[0013] An adjustment step for adjusting the seed cleaning rotating arm of the seed cleaning device to a horizontal middle position before the seeding operation;

[0014] The data collection, transmission and control step is used to detect the delivery status of the seed flow in the seed metering device in real time through the photoelectric sensor, and send the seed quantity information that flows through the photoelectric sensor at a single time within a set time interval to the controller of the seed metering device; the controller controls and adjusts the seed cleaning device according to the seed quantity information; wherein the control step further includes a judgment step:

[0015] If the seed quantity information is 1, it is judged that the seeding is normal, and the seed cleaning device does not operate;

[0016] If the seed quantity information is greater than or equal to 2, it is judged to be rearranged, and the controller controls the rotating motor of the seed cleaning device to drive the adjusting arm to rotate a set angle, thereby reducing the distance between the edge of the elastic wheel of the seed cleaning device and the center of the seeding hole of the seed metering device to reduce the seed passing rate;

[0017] If the seed quantity information is 0, it is determined to be missed, and the controller controls the rotary motor to drive the adjustment arm to rotate in the opposite direction by a set angle to increase the distance between the edge of the elastic wheel and the center of the seed rowing hole to increase the seed passing rate; and

[0018] Repeat the above steps until the number of seeds flowing through the photoelectric sensor once within the set time interval is 1.

[0019] In order to better achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention also provides a pneumatic high-speed precision seed metering device, which includes:

[0020] The housing of the seed meter includes a main housing, a secondary housing and an air outlet, wherein the main housing is provided with a seed supply channel, and the air outlet is provided on the secondary housing; the main housing and the secondary housing are connected to each other to form a closed accommodating cavity;

[0021] A seeding disc is installed in the accommodating cavity. The seeding disc is a disc structure. A plurality of seeding holes are evenly distributed near the edge of the disc. A seed disturbing boss is correspondingly arranged on the inner side of the seeding holes.

[0022] A positive pressure air flow delivery pipeline, one end of which is connected to the main housing, and the other end of which is connected to the positive pressure fan, for providing a stable and continuous positive pressure air flow to achieve accurate seeding and seeding;

[0023] The seed cleaning device is installed in the accommodating cavity corresponding to the seed plate;

[0024] A seeding mechanism is arranged in the accommodating cavity corresponding to the seeding disc and is located on a side opposite to the seed cleaning device;

[0025] A seed population regulating mechanism is disposed in the accommodating cavity and is located above the seeding mechanism;

[0026] A driving mechanism, mounted on the main housing and connected to the seeding disc; and

[0027] The controller is connected to the driving mechanism and the seed cleaning device respectively. A photoelectric sensor for detecting a seed dropping signal is arranged in the seed dropping tube of the seed dropping mechanism, and the photoelectric sensor is connected to the controller.

[0028] The above-mentioned pneumatic high-speed precision seed metering device, wherein, also includes:

[0029] The seed cleaning mechanism includes a movable arc plate and a clamping plate; the movable arc plate is connected to the main shell through the clamping plate and is located directly below the lower end outlet of the seed supply channel, and the arc area of ​​the movable arc plate is larger than the lower end opening of the main shell; the clamping plate is installed on the outer side wall of the main shell to achieve rapid opening and sealing of the arc plate.

[0030] The above-mentioned pneumatic high-speed precision seed metering device, wherein the seed population adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment handle, an arc-shaped end plate and a positioning column, the adjustment handle is connected to the arc-shaped end plate, and the adjustment handle is used to adjust the relative position of the arc-shaped end plate and the lower end outlet of the seed supply channel to control the opening of the lower end outlet of the seed supply channel, and the area of ​​the arc-shaped end plate is larger than the lower end outlet area of ​​the seed supply channel, so that the lower end outlet of the seed supply channel is completely closed when the arc end is at the lowest point.

[0031] The above-mentioned pneumatic high-speed precision seed metering device, wherein, also includes:

[0032] An air-blocking wheel is installed in the auxiliary housing corresponding to the seeding disc and is tightly fitted with the seeding disc, and the wheel width of the air-blocking wheel is greater than the diameter of the seeding hole;

[0033] A seed unloading wheel is installed in the auxiliary housing corresponding to the seeding disc and is located below the air blocking wheel and fits tightly with the seeding disc. A fine needle-shaped column is arranged on the outer side of the seed unloading wheel to ensure that undelivered or damaged seeds are removed;

[0034] Among them, the air-blocking wheel and the seed-unloading wheel rotate relatively under the rotation action of the seed-discharging disk. When the seed-discharging hole carrying a single seed rotates to the position of the air-blocking wheel, the air-blocking wheel blocks the airflow to eliminate the pressure effect of the positive pressure airflow, and the seeds fall into the seed-discharging mechanism under the action of their own gravity; when the seed-discharging disk rotates to the position of the seed-unloading wheel, the seed-unloading wheel rotates and pierces and removes the undelivered or damaged seeds at the seed-discharging hole through the fine needle-shaped column on the outside and returns them to the accommodating cavity.

[0035] In order to better achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention also provides a seeding device, which is an integrated precision fertilization seeding device, including the above-mentioned pneumatic high-speed precision seeding device.

[0036] The technical effects of the present invention are:

[0037] The present invention solves the problems of poor seed filling performance due to poor population mobility of pneumatic seed metering devices under high-speed precision seeding operation conditions, poor applicability and accuracy due to the simple structure of the seed cleaning device, and poor seed spacing qualification rate due to collision and bounce of high-position seeds with the seeding tube. Positive pressure airflow technology is adopted, and seed disturbance structures such as seeding holes and bosses are coupled to enhance population mobility and seed filling performance; the seed cleaning device is adopted to improve the adaptability to the operating state and seed cleaning performance, reduce the rate of missed cleaning or over-clearing, and use positive pressure airflow for high-speed precision seeding to reduce the collision and bounce phenomenon between seeds and the seeding tube, improve the accuracy of seeding grain spacing, and thus maximize the quality and efficiency of high-speed precision seeding. It not only helps to promote the growth of subsequent seeds, but also effectively avoids the phenomenon of adjacent seeds competing for nutrients, light and other growth resources by accurately adjusting the position of the sowing point.

[0038] In addition, the present invention can be applied to various terrain conditions and operating speeds, ensuring the accuracy, consistency and stability of the precision seeding process, and can be used with a seeder to achieve an integrated composite structure. Multiple processes such as trenching, fertilizing, sowing, and covering the soil can be completed in one operation, and the operation quality can be controlled, which not only saves time, manpower, and seed and fertilizer costs, but also improves production efficiency.

[0039] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but is not intended to limit the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of an integrated precision fertilization and sowing device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a pneumatic high-speed precision seed metering device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Side view of

[0043] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a seeding disc according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the auxiliary housing according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a seeding mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the installation position of a seed cleaning device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a seed cleaning device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Fig. 9 This is a working principle diagram of intelligent seed clearing according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] Among them, the reference numerals

[0050] 1 rack

[0051] 11Hooking parts

[0052] 12Profiling mechanism

[0053] 2. Pneumatic high-speed precision seed metering device

[0054] 21 Seeder housing

[0055] 211 main shell

[0056] 212 auxiliary shell

[0057] 2121 housing

[0058] 2122 air barrier mounting plate

[0059] 2123 Unloading installation plate

[0060] 213 air outlet

[0061] 22 Positive pressure air flow pipeline

[0062] 221 air flow filter

[0063] 23 Population Regulation Agency

[0064] 231 Adjustment handle

[0065] 232 Positioning column

[0066] 233 arc end plate

[0067] 24 Driving mechanism

[0068] 241 drive motor

[0069] 242 Rotation axis

[0070] 243 Positioning Rotary Boss

[0071] 25 Seed cleaning device

[0072] 251 Seed Clearing Agency

[0073] 2511 Seed cleaning rotating arm

[0074] 2512 Seed cleaning shaft

[0075] 2513 swivel bearing

[0076] 2514 elastic wheel

[0077] 2515 Mounting Plate

[0078] 252 Seed Clearing Adjustment Mechanism

[0079] 2521 Rotating Motor

[0080] 2522 drive shaft

[0081] 2523 Adjustment arm

[0082] More than 26 cleaning agencies

[0083] 261 movable arc plate

[0084] 262 Clamping Plate

[0085] 27 seed tray

[0086] 271 disc

[0087] 272 row type holes

[0088] 273 disturbing boss

[0089] 274 Clamping Knob

[0090] 275 air-blocking wheel

[0091] 276 seed unloading wheel

[0092] 28 Seeding Institutions

[0093] 281 Seedling Tube

[0094] 282 Photoelectric Sensor

[0095] 29 Seed supply channel

[0096] 20 grid plates

[0097] 3. Fertilization mechanism

[0098] 4 types of boxes

[0099] 5 Soil Covering Press Wheel

[0100] 6 seed pressing wheel

[0101] 7. Contour wheel

[0102] 8 double disc openers

[0103] 9. Stubble breaking and straw removing mechanism DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0104] The structural principle and working principle of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0105] Precision seeding is the core technology of precision seeding. By fully and reasonably coupling the operations of seed supply, seed filling, seed cleaning, seed carrying, and seeding, the seeds piled up in groups in the seed meter can be effectively separated according to agronomic requirements and crop growth laws, forming a stable and orderly seed flow and achieving precise delivery, so as to achieve uniform crop spacing, row spacing, etc., to achieve complete, strong and even seedlings, which can not only increase crop yields, but also reduce the use of good varieties and labor costs. It has been widely used in efficient and high-quality mechanized agricultural production.

[0106] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 The structure diagram of the integrated precision fertilization sowing device of one embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. The sowing device of the present invention is an integrated precision fertilization sowing device, comprising a frame 1 and a pneumatic high-speed precision seed meter 2, a fertilization mechanism 3, a seed box 4, a soil covering and pressing wheel 5, a seed pressing wheel 6, a contour wheel 7, a double disc furrow opener 8, and a stubble breaking and straw removing mechanism 9 installed on the frame 1, which are integrated into an integrated precision fertilization sowing device. The sowing device can be connected to the frame of the precision seeder through a mounting part 11, preferably a U-shaped connecting bolt; during precision sowing, the crop stubble straw is first cleaned by a stubble breaking and straw removing device, and then the double disc furrow opener 8 is used to open furrows, the seed box 4 provides seeds for the pneumatic high-speed precision seeding device 2 and performs precision seeding and seeding, the seed pressing wheel 6 is adjacent to the end of the seeding mechanism 28, and is used to quickly reduce the speed of high-speed seeding and accurately position it to achieve accurate seeding, the fertilizing mechanism 3 performs fertilization, and then the soil covering and pressing wheel 5 completes the soil covering and pressing operations, and the parallel four-link profiling mechanism 12 and the profiling wheel 7 can ensure that the sowing device can adapt to different terrains during the precision sowing operation and improve the quality of the precision sowing operation. Because the composition, structure, relative position relationship, connection relationship and function of other parts of the sowing device are all relatively mature existing technologies, they will not be repeated here, and only the pneumatic high-speed precision seeding device 2 and its seed cleaning device 25 and method of the present invention are described in detail below.

[0107] See also Figure 2-Figure 6 , Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a pneumatic high-speed precision seed metering device 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 for Figure 2 Side view of Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a seeding disc 27 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the auxiliary housing 212 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6The structure diagram of the seeding mechanism 28 of one embodiment of the present invention. The pneumatic high-speed precision seeding device 2 of the present invention is used for high-quality and high-efficiency precision seeding and intelligent seed clearing of crops under high-speed working conditions. It can be quickly assembled with the furrow opener, seed box 4, seed pressing wheel 6, fertilizing mechanism 3, soil covering mechanism, pressing mechanism, etc. to construct an integrated precision fertilization and sowing device. The furrowing, fertilizing, sowing, soil covering, pressing and other processes can be completed in one operation. It is quick to install, easy to adjust, high in work quality and efficiency, and can effectively save time, money, and labor costs. The invention comprises: a seeding device housing 21, which is used to encapsulate a seeding disc 27, a driving mechanism 24, a seed cleaning device 25, a seed population regulating mechanism 23, etc., and combines positive pressure airflow to perform seed filling, seed cleaning, seed carrying and seeding, thereby completing high-speed precision seeding operations, including a main housing 211, a sub-housing 212 and an air outlet 213. The main housing 211 is provided with a seed supply channel 29, and the seed supply channel 29 is used to transport seeds in the seed box 4 to the inside of the seeding device for high-speed precision seeding operations. It is preferably installed just above the outer wall of the main housing 211, and the upper end of the seed supply channel 29 can be connected to the seed box 4, and the lower end of the seed supply channel 29 is located at the main housing 2 11, and the seed supply channel 29 is a circular ring structure, which is convenient for the rapid drop of the seed population, ensuring that the seeds are stably and continuously supplied to the bottom of the seed metering device cavity during high-speed operation, and realizing pneumatic high-speed precision seeding and seeding operations; the air outlet 213 is arranged on the outer wall of the auxiliary shell 212, and is used to discharge the excess positive pressure airflow in the seed metering device; the main shell 211 and the auxiliary shell 212 are connected to each other to form a closed accommodating cavity; the seeding disc 27 is installed in the accommodating cavity and is installed on the positioning rotating boss 243 through the clamping knob 274, and the clamping knob 274 is installed at the end of the rotating shaft 242 and is connected to it Coaxial, used for quick disassembly and assembly of the seeding disc 27, and fixed on the positioning rotating boss 243; the seeding disc 27 is a disc 271 structure, and a plurality of seeding holes 272 are evenly distributed near the edge of the disc 271, and a seed disturbing boss 273 is correspondingly arranged on the inner side of the seeding hole 272; a positive pressure airflow conveying pipeline 22, one end of which is connected to the main shell 211, and the other end of the positive pressure airflow conveying pipeline 22 is connected to the positive pressure fan, which is used to stably and continuously provide positive pressure airflow to achieve accurate seeding and seeding, that is, to convey the positive pressure airflow generated by the positive pressure fan to the inside of the seeding device shell 21 to realize pneumatic high-speed Precision seeding operation is preferably installed obliquely above the outer wall of the main shell 211, and an airflow filter 221 is provided at the end of the positive pressure airflow delivery pipeline 22, which is used to filter the positive pressure airflow delivered to the seeding device by the positive pressure airflow delivery pipeline 22, and the airflow filter 221 is installed obliquely above the inner wall of the main shell 211; a grid plate 20 is installed obliquely below the inner wall of the main shell 211, and the grid plate 20 is used to assist the airflow to circulate in the seeding device shell 21, and prevent excess seeds from falling from the top of the seeding mechanism 28; the seed cleaning device 25 is installed in the accommodating cavity corresponding to the seeding disc 27;The seeding mechanism 28 is arranged in the accommodating cavity corresponding to the seeding disc 27 and is located on the side opposite to the seed cleaning device 25; the seed population adjustment mechanism 23 is used to adjust the height and quantity of the seed population in the seeding device to improve the seeding effect, is arranged in the main shell 211, and is located above the seeding mechanism 28, preferably installed just below the inner wall of the main shell 211, and is located between the grid plate 20 and the inner wall of the main shell 211; the driving mechanism 24 is installed in the main shell 211 and is connected to the seeding disc 27, and is used to drive the seeding disc 27 to communicate with the seeding disc 27. The machine rotates at a speed matching the forward speed to perform precision seeding operations, including a drive motor 241, a rotating shaft 242 and a positioning rotating boss 243. The drive motor 241 is installed by fixing bolts just above the outer wall of the side wall of the main housing 211, located at the center of the seed supply channel 29 and the main housing 211, and coaxial with the seed meter housing 21 and the seed supply channel 29. The rotating shaft 242 is connected to the motor main shaft, and the positioning rotating boss 243 is installed at the end of the rotating shaft 242, coaxial with the drive motor 241 and the rotating shaft 242. The speed of the driving motor 241 can be adjusted in real time by the controller. One end of the rotating shaft 242 is connected to the driving motor 241, and the other end is connected to the positioning rotating boss 243. The rotating shaft 242 and the positioning rotating boss 243 are located inside the seed metering device housing 21 and are coaxial with the seed metering device housing 21; and the controller is respectively connected to the driving mechanism 24 and the seed cleaning device 25. The seeding tube 281 of the seeding mechanism 28 is provided with a photoelectric sensor 282 for detecting the seeding signal, and the photoelectric sensor 282 is connected to the controller. ;

[0108] This embodiment also includes: a residual seed cleaning mechanism 26, which is used to collect and clean the remaining seeds after the seeding operation is completed, and is installed directly below the main shell 211, and includes a movable arc plate 261 and a clamping plate 262; the movable arc plate 261 is installed on the side wall below the main shell 211 through the clamping plate 262, and is located directly below the lower end outlet of the seed supply channel 29, and the arc area of ​​the movable arc plate 261 is larger than the lower end opening of the main shell 211; the clamping plate 262 is installed on the outer side wall of the main shell 211, and is used to realize the rapid opening and sealing of the movable arc plate 261.

[0109] The present embodiment may further include: an air blocking wheel 275, which is installed on the inner side of the auxiliary housing 212, located between the seeding disc 27 and the auxiliary housing 212, and closely fitted with the seeding disc 27, and is used to block the air flow so as to deliver the seeds pressed on the shaped hole to the seeding mechanism 28, and the wheel width of the air blocking wheel 275 is larger than the diameter of the seeding shaped hole 272; a seed unloading wheel 276, which is installed on the inner side of the auxiliary housing 212, located between the seeding disc 27 and the auxiliary housing 212, and located obliquely below the air blocking wheel 275, and closely fitted with the seeding disc 27, and is used to remove the seeds or damaged seeds on the seeding shaped hole 272 that have not been delivered to the seeding mechanism 28, so as to ensure that the seeding shaped hole 272 is clean so as to be filled again. The seed discharging wheel 276 is provided with a fine needle-shaped cylinder on its outer circumferential surface to ensure that undelivered or damaged seeds are removed; wherein, the air-blocking wheel 275 and the seed discharging wheel 276 rotate relative to each other under the rotation of the seed discharging disk 27, and when the seed discharging hole 272 carrying a single seed rotates to the position of the air-blocking wheel 275, the air-blocking wheel 275 blocks the air flow to eliminate the pressure attachment effect of the positive pressure air flow, and the seeds fall into the seed discharging mechanism 28 under the action of their own gravity; when the seed discharging disk 27 rotates to the position of the seed discharging wheel 276, the seed discharging wheel 276 rotates and pierces the undelivered or damaged seeds at the seed discharging hole 272 back into the accommodating cavity through the outer fine needle-shaped cylinder to remove the undelivered or damaged seeds.

[0110] The population adjustment mechanism 23 of this embodiment includes an adjustment handle 231, an arc-shaped end plate 233 and a positioning column 232. The adjustment handle 231 is connected to the arc-shaped end plate 233, preferably an integrated structure. The positioning column 232 is arranged in the main shell 211. The adjustment handle 231 is used to adjust the relative position of the arc-shaped end plate 233 and the lower end outlet of the seed supply channel 29 to control the opening of the lower end outlet of the seed supply channel 29. The area of ​​the arc-shaped end plate 233 is larger than the lower end outlet area of ​​the seed supply channel 29, so that the lower end outlet of the seed supply channel 29 is completely closed when the arc-shaped end plate 233 is at the lowest point, thereby ensuring the accurate regulation of the population quantity in the seed metering device cavity.

[0111] See also Figure 4The seeding disc 27 of this embodiment is driven to rotate by the driving mechanism 24, and the seeds covered on the seeding hole 272 by the positive pressure airflow are brought to the seed cleaning device 25 and finally reach the upper part of the seeding tube 281. Under the action of the air blocking wheel 275, the seeding is completed through the seeding mechanism 28. The seeding disc 27 is installed in the seeding device housing 21, located between the main housing 211 and the auxiliary housing 212, and includes a disc 271, a seeding hole 272 and a seed disturbing boss 273. The seeding hole 272 is integrated near the edge of the disc 271, and the seed disturbing boss 273 is integrated on the disc 271 and located on the inner side of the seeding hole 272. The seeding hole 272 and the seed disturbing boss 273 are both distributed in an annular shape around the center of the disc 271; the seed disturbing boss 273 is radially arranged and has an angle with the radial direction. Through the combined action of positive pressure airflow, seeding holes 272, and seed disturbing bosses 273, the crop seeds in the seeding cavity are fully disturbed, the mobility of the crop population is improved, and the seed filling performance of the seeding device under high speed conditions is improved, which can effectively solve the problem of poor seed filling performance of precision seeding operations under high-speed operation conditions. The use of positive pressure airflow for high-speed precision seeding effectively avoids the phenomenon of crop seeds bouncing and colliding in the seed guide tube during the delivery process, ensures the speed and accuracy of high-position seeding, improves the accuracy and uniformity of seeding, and thus improves the quality and efficiency of high-speed precision seeding operations.

[0112] Driven by a DC servo motor, the rotation speed of the seed disc can be adjusted in real time according to the operating speed of the machine, realizing high-speed precision seeding operations under the coupling of operating speed, seed disc rotation speed and positive pressure airflow, minimizing missed seeding and multiple seeding, and improving the operation quality of precision seeding.

[0113] Among them, the machine operating speed v is obtained in real time through high-precision sensors such as Beidou navigation or radar; then, the rotation speed of the seed disc 27 and the machine operating speed satisfy the following formula:

[0114] #timg#; Formula 1

[0115] Where n d is the rotation speed of the seeding disc 27 of the seeding device, in r / min; v is the machine operation speed, in m / s; l is the seeding spacing, in cm; N is the number of seeding holes 272. Among them, the seeding spacing l can be pre-set according to the agronomic requirements of precision seeding, crop growth characteristics, local climate, terrain and soil conditions.

[0116] The seeding disc 27 is driven to rotate by the driving motor 241, and the seeding disc speed n d With motor speed n m The relationship is as follows:

[0117] #timg#; Formula 2

[0118] Wherein, z is the transmission ratio from the drive motor 241 to the seeding disc 27. A high-precision sensor is embedded in the drive motor 241 to detect the motor speed in real time, and then obtain the seeding disc speed.

[0119] In summary, during seeding operation, high-precision sensors such as Beidou navigation or radar are first used to obtain the machine operating speed v; then the seeding disc speed n is obtained according to formula 1 d ; Secondly, according to formula 2, the motor speed n is obtained m , through the motor controller and driver to control the motor speed to reach n m , and uses the high-precision sensor embedded in the drive motor 241 to detect the motor speed n m A closed-loop control is formed, thereby achieving real-time adjustment of the seed disc speed according to the machine operating speed, as well as seed disc speed monitoring and control.

[0120] The seeding disk 27 of this embodiment is fixed on the positioning rotating boss 243 by the clamping knob 274, and can be flexibly replaced according to different crops. The rotation speed during operation can be regulated by adjusting the rotation speed of the driving mechanism 24. The seeding holes 272 and the seed disturbing boss 273 are distributed in a ring around the center of the disk, and the coupling positive pressure airflow can effectively enhance the mobility of the population; the wheel width of the air blocking wheel 275 is larger than the diameter of the seeding hole 272, and the outer side of the seed unloading wheel 276 is a fine needle-shaped column to ensure that the seeds that have not been delivered to the seeding mechanism 28 or the damaged seeds can be removed, and the seeding hole 272 is kept clean for re-filling; the air blocking wheel 275 and the seed unloading wheel 276 are tightly fitted with the seeding disk 27, During the seeding operation, the air blocking wheel 275 and the seed unloading wheel 276 rotate relative to each other under the action of the rotation of the seeding disc 27. When the seeding hole 272 carrying a single seed rotates to the position of the air blocking wheel 275, the air blocking wheel 275 will block the air flow. At this time, the pressure attachment effect of the positive pressure airflow disappears, and the seeds will fall into the seeding mechanism 28 under the action of their own gravity; if the seeds or damaged seeds at the seeding hole 272 do not enter the seeding mechanism 28, when the seeding disc 27 rotates to the position of the seed unloading wheel 276, the seed unloading wheel 276 rotates and pierces the seeds or damaged seeds at the seeding hole 272 back into the seeding device cavity through the outer fine needle-shaped column, thereby removing the seeds or damaged seeds that have not been delivered to the seeding mechanism 28.

[0121] See also Figure 5The auxiliary shell 212 of this embodiment is used to cooperate with the main shell 211 to form a closed seeding cavity. The main shell 211 and the auxiliary shell 212 can be quickly connected by butterfly bolts, which is convenient for quick loading and unloading, and a sealing gasket is provided at the joint between the two to ensure the sealing of the cavity during operation; the auxiliary shell 212 includes a cylindrical shell 2121, an air blocking mounting plate 2122 and a seed unloading mounting plate 2123. The cylindrical shell 2121 is tightly assembled with the main shell 211 through a sealing gasket, encapsulating key mechanisms such as the seeding disc 27 and the seed cleaning device 25 to form a sealed accommodating cavity. The air blocking mounting plate 2122 and the seed unloading mounting plate 2123 are installed on the inner side of the cylindrical shell 2121, and are used to install the air blocking wheel 275 and the seed unloading wheel 276 respectively. At the same time, combined with the air outlet 213, etc., intelligent seed cleaning and pneumatic high-speed precision seeding are realized.

[0122] See also Figure 6 The seeding mechanism 28 of this embodiment can accurately deliver the single-grain crop seeds discharged by the seeding device into the seed bed under the action of high-speed airflow, and includes a seeding tube 281 and a photoelectric sensor 282. The seeding tube 281 is installed on the main housing 211, and the photoelectric sensor 282 is installed on the seeding tube 281, which is used to detect the seed delivery status in real time. If there are situations that affect the seeding performance, such as reseeding and missed seeding, it can be fed back to the controller in time, and then the seed cleaning device 25 is adjusted to ensure that the seeding operation performance is in the best state, so as to achieve high-quality and efficient pneumatic high-speed precision seeding. The top entrance of the seeding tube 281 is preferably an inclined entrance, and the inclination angle is within 5-15° to ensure close contact with the seeding hole 272, so as to facilitate the accurate delivery of single-grain crop seeds to the seeding mechanism 28; the photoelectric sensor 282 is used to detect the seed delivery status in real time.

[0123] See also Figure 7 and Figure 8 , Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the seed cleaning device 25 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8The schematic diagram of the structure of the seed cleaning device 25 of one embodiment of the present invention. The seed cleaning device 25 of the present invention is used to remove the excess seeds covered by the positive pressure airflow on the seeding hole 272 or adjust the position of the seeds on the seeding hole 272. The seeding disc 27 of the seeding device is installed in the shell of the seeding device, and has an intelligent seed cleaning function. During high-speed precision seeding operation, the seed cleaning device 25 intelligently adjusts the relative position of the seed cleaning mechanism 251 relative to the seeding hole 272 according to the seed delivery state, and adapts to the changes in the high-speed precision sowing operation environment, improves the seed cleaning accuracy, and ensures the single seed rate of seeding. The invention comprises: a seed cleaning mechanism 251, comprising a seed cleaning rotating arm 2511 and a plurality of elastic wheels 2514 mounted on the seed cleaning rotating arm 2511, one end of the seed cleaning rotating arm 2511 is pivotally connected to the housing of the seed metering device, a plurality of elastic wheels 2514 are sequentially mounted on the other end of the seed cleaning rotating arm 2511, and the distances between the edges of the plurality of elastic wheels 2514 and the center of the seeding hole 272 of the seeding disk 27 are adjustable and increase or decrease in sequence; and a seed cleaning adjustment mechanism 252, comprising a rotating motor 2521 and an adjustment arm 2523, the rotating motor 25 21 is installed in the shell of the seed metering device, and the two ends of the adjusting arm 2523 are respectively connected to the seed clearing rotating arm 2511 and the transmission shaft 2522 of the rotating motor 2521; wherein, the rotating motor 2521 is connected to the controller of the seed metering device, and the controller controls the rotating motor 2521 to drive the adjusting arm 2523 to drive the seed clearing rotating arm 2511 to rotate according to the seeding signal of the seed metering device detected, and adjusts the distance between the edge of the elastic wheel 2514 and the center of the seeding hole 272 of the seeding disk 27 in real time to ensure normal seeding.

[0124] Among them, the seed cleaning shaft 2512 is installed on the inner wall of the main shell 211, located on the right side of the rotating shaft 242, and below the positioning rotating boss 243. The seed cleaning rotating arm 2511 is installed on the seed cleaning rotating shaft 2512 through the rotating bearing 2513, and can rotate within a range of ±10°, which is used to drive the elastic wheel 2514 to rotate around the seed cleaning rotating shaft 2512, so as to adjust the position of the seed cleaning mechanism 251 relative to the seed row hole 272. The elastic wheel 2514 is installed on the seed cleaning rotating arm 2511, and the rotating motor 2521 is installed on the outer wall of the main shell 211 by bolts, which is used to drive the seed cleaning rotating arm 2511 to rotate around the seed cleaning rotating shaft 2512, wherein the adjusting arm 2523 is connected to the transmission shaft 2522 of the rotating motor 2521 by a key, and the seed cleaning rotating arm 2511 is connected to the adjusting arm 2523 by a pin. The rotating motor 2521 is installed on the side wall of the main shell 211 by bolts. The seed cleaning device 25 can be adjusted in real time according to the seeding quality during operation, that is, the photoelectric sensor 282 is used to detect the seeding status in the seed dropping tube 281 during seeding operation. If missed seeding, multiple rows or abnormal seeding occurs, it will be fed back to the controller in time. The controller adjusts the position of the seed cleaning mechanism 251 relative to the seeding hole 272 according to the intelligent seed clearing strategy, that is, the rotating motor 2521 and the adjusting arm 2523 drive the seed cleaning rotating arm 2511 to rotate around the seed cleaning shaft 2512, and the rotation angle is between -10° and 10° to reduce the occurrence of missed seeding, over-clearing, etc., and ensure the accuracy, adaptability and quality of seed cleaning.

[0125] The elastic wheel 2514 of this embodiment is preferably three rubber wheels, and the distances between the edges of the three rubber wheels and the center of the seed-discharging hole 272 are different. The three distances increase successively in the clockwise direction (based on the inner wall to the outer wall of the main shell 211), and the three distances are adjustable between 4-10 mm, which can not only effectively clear the seeds, but also avoid excessive seed clearing, ensuring that there is only one seed at the seed-discharging hole 272, and it can be smoothly transported to the seeding area. The rotating motor 2521 is installed on the outer wall of the main shell 211, adjacent to the seed supply channel 29, and the adjusting arm 2523 is installed on the transmission shaft 2522 of the rotating motor 2521, located below the seed-clearing rotating arm 2511, and the two are connected by a pin shaft.

[0126] In this embodiment, the seed cleaning rotating arm 2511 is preferably a crank arm structure, including a straight arm and an arc-shaped arm, one end of the straight arm is pivoted to the shell of the seed metering device through a seed cleaning rotating shaft 2512, and the seed cleaning rotating shaft 2512 is located on one side of the rotating shaft 242 of the seed metering device; one end of the arc-shaped arm is connected to the other end of the straight arm, and a plurality of elastic wheels 2514 are sequentially installed on the arc-shaped arm and close to the other end of the arc-shaped arm; the curvature of the arc-shaped arm is adapted to the seeding hole 272 of the seeding disk 27.

[0127] Among them, a plurality of elastic wheels 2514 are connected to the arc-shaped arm through a mounting plate 2515, one end of the mounting plate 2515 is connected to the arc-shaped arm, and the elastic wheel 2514 is installed at the other end of the mounting plate 2515. By adjusting the connection position between the mounting plate 2515 and the arc-shaped arm or the installation position of the elastic wheel 2514 on the mounting plate 2515, the distance between the edge of the elastic wheel 2514 and the center of the seed-discharging hole 272 can be adjusted. One end of the adjustment arm 2523 is connected to the other end of the straight arm through a pin shaft, and the adjustment arm 2523 drives the seed-clearing rotating arm 2511 to rotate around the seed-clearing rotating shaft 2512 between -10° and 10° to fine-tune the distance between the edge of the elastic wheel 2514 and the center of the seed-discharging hole 272. The elastic wheel 2514 is made of elastic material, and can be preferably a rubber wheel. The seed cleaning rotating arm 2511 is connected to the seed cleaning rotating shaft 2512 through a rotating bearing 2513 and can rotate around the seed cleaning rotating shaft 2512. The seed cleaning rotating shaft 2512 is fixed on the main housing 211, and the mounting plate 2515 is fixed on the seed cleaning rotating arm 2511. The rubber wheel is mounted at the end of the mounting plate 2515 and can rotate with the rotation of the seed cleaning rotating arm 2511 to change the distance between the edge of the rubber wheel and the center of the seed row hole 272; the rotating motor 2521 is mounted on the main housing 211 through bolts, and the transmission shaft 2522 of the rotating motor 2521 is located on the inner side of the main housing 211. One end of the adjusting arm 2523 is connected to the transmission shaft 2522 through a key, and the other end is connected to the seed cleaning rotating arm 2511 through a pin shaft. The rotating motor 2521 drives the adjusting arm 2523 to rotate clockwise / counterclockwise through the transmission shaft 2522, thereby driving the seed cleaning rotating arm 2511 to rotate around the seed cleaning rotating shaft 2512.

[0128] Ideally, there is only one seed at one seeding hole 272 for precision seeding. However, due to the large differences in seed shapes and sizes, and the different positions of seeds pressed on the seeding hole 272, the seeding hole 272 cannot be completely sealed. Under the action of strong airflow, multiple seeds (usually 2-4 seeds) will be pressed on the seeding hole 272. However, the force balance of the multiple seeds is relatively fragile at this time, and the force balance will be broken once it is subjected to a slight external force. Therefore, the seed cleaning mechanism 251 is set There are three rubber wheels, and the center distance between the rubber wheels and the seed-dispensing hole 272 gradually decreases. When the multiple seeds pressed on the seed-dispensing hole 272 rotate with the seed-dispensing disk 27 to the seed-clearing device 25 area, the flexible rubber wheels gradually contact the seeds one by one, fully breaking the force balance state of the multiple seeds, so that the excess seeds fall back to the seed-filling area under their own gravity. At the same time, the rubber wheels are used to adjust the position of the single seed, so that the single seed completely seals the seed-dispensing hole 272 and is smoothly transported to the seeding area. Among them, the distance between the edge of the three rubber wheels and the center of the seed-dispensing hole 272 is adjustable between 4-10mm, which can not only achieve sufficient seed clearing, but also avoid excessive seed clearing, and ensure the single seed rate of the seeds pressed on the seed-dispensing hole 272 and the smooth movement of the seeds.

[0129] Before seeding operation, the adjusting arm 2523 is in Figure 8 The horizontal state shown is the middle position of the seed cleaning device 25; after entering the seeding operation, the photoelectric sensor 282 on the seeding mechanism 28 detects the delivery state of the seed flow discharged into the seeding tube 281 in real time, and controls the operation of the seed cleaning device 25 according to the number of seeds flowing through the photoelectric sensor 282 at a single time interval within an equal time interval: if the number of seeds flowing through the photoelectric sensor 282 is 1, it is determined that the seeding is normal, and the seed cleaning device 25 does not need to be adjusted, that is, the controller does not need to control the rotating motor 2521 to rotate and drive the adjusting arm 2523 to move; if the number of seeds flowing through the photoelectric sensor 282 is greater than or equal to 2, it is determined that there is a rearrangement phenomenon, and the controller controls the rotating motor 2521 to drive the adjusting arm 2523 to move. The joint arm 2523 rotates counterclockwise by 1° to reduce the distance between the edge of the rubber wheel and the center of the seed-dispensing hole 272, thereby reducing the seed passing rate at the seed-dispensing hole 272; if the number of seeds flowing through the photoelectric sensor 282 at a single time is 0, it is determined that there is a leakage phenomenon, and the controller controls the rotating motor 2521 to drive the adjusting arm 2523 to rotate clockwise, thereby increasing the distance between the edge of the rubber wheel and the center of the seed-dispensing hole 272, thereby increasing the seed passing rate at the seed-dispensing hole 272; the above steps are repeated until the number of seeds flowing through the photoelectric sensor 282 at a single time interval is constantly 1, so as to adapt to the changes in the high-speed precision seeding operation environment and realize high-quality precision seeding and seeding operations under high-speed operation conditions.

[0130] During operation, the positive pressure airflow enters the cavity formed by the seeding device shell 21 stably and continuously from the positive pressure airflow delivery pipeline 22, and the seeds continuously enter the seeding cavity from the upper end of the seed supply channel 29. The seeding disc 27 rotates in real time under the drive of the driving mechanism 24. At this time, the seeds at the bottom of the seeding device cavity are in a "boiling" state under the disturbance of the positive pressure airflow, the seeding hole 272 and the seed disturbing boss 273, and are pressed on the hole under the action of the positive pressure airflow and rotated clockwise with the seeding disc 27 (based on the direction from the outer wall of the main shell 211 to the inner wall), and the excess seeds are removed when they are transferred to the seed cleaning device 25. Crop seeds or adjust the seed posture to ensure that a single seed passes through, and when it reaches the top of the seeding tube 281, it falls into the seeding mechanism 28 under the action of the air blocking wheel 275, and is accurately delivered at a high position and high speed under the action of the positive pressure airflow. At the same time, the photoelectric sensor 282 detects the seeding status in real time. If there is a situation that affects the seeding performance such as reseeding or missed seeding, it can be fed back to the controller in time. By adjusting the seed clearing device 25, the operating performance of the seed clearing mechanism 251 is ensured to be in the best state, and the rotation speed of the seeding disk 27 is adjusted according to the operating speed to achieve high-quality and efficient pneumatic high-speed precision seeding. The controller controls the seed clearing device 25 according to the seed delivery status monitored by the seed dropping mechanism 28 to achieve effective seed clearing and ensure that single seeds are effectively transported to the seed dropping area; the rotation speed of the seed disc 27 is adjusted to match the seeding operation speed to achieve high-speed precision seeding operation under the coupling of operation speed, seed disc rotation speed and positive pressure airflow. Through the coordinated control of the seed clearing device 25, seed disc rotation speed, machine operation speed and positive pressure airflow, high-quality and efficient pneumatic high-speed precision seeding is achieved.

[0131] See also Fig. 9 , Fig. 9 The working principle diagram of intelligent seed clearing of an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. The seed clearing method of the present invention uses the above-mentioned seed clearing device 25 to perform intelligent seed clearing of the seed meter, and includes the following steps:

[0132] An adjustment step for adjusting the seed cleaning rotating arm of the seed cleaning device to a horizontal middle position before the seeding operation;

[0133] The data collection, transmission and control step is used to detect the delivery status of the seed flow in the seed metering device in real time through the photoelectric sensor, and send the seed quantity information that flows through the photoelectric sensor at a single time within a set time interval to the controller of the seed metering device; the controller controls and adjusts the seed cleaning device according to the seed quantity information; wherein the control step further includes a judgment step:

[0134] If the seed quantity information is 1, it is judged that the seeding is normal, and the seed cleaning device does not operate;

[0135] If the seed quantity information is greater than or equal to 2, it is judged to be rearranged, and the controller controls the rotating motor of the seed cleaning device to drive the adjusting arm to rotate a set angle, thereby reducing the distance between the edge of the elastic wheel of the seed cleaning device and the center of the seeding hole of the seed metering device to reduce the seed passing rate;

[0136] If the seed quantity information is 0, it is determined to be missed, and the controller controls the rotary motor to drive the adjustment arm to rotate in the opposite direction by a set angle to increase the distance between the edge of the elastic wheel and the center of the seed rowing hole to increase the seed passing rate; and

[0137] Repeat the above steps until the number of seeds flowing through the photoelectric sensor once within the set time interval is 1.

[0138] In this embodiment, it may specifically include:

[0139] Step S100: Before the seeding operation, adjust the seed cleaning rotating arm 2511 of the seed cleaning device 25 to be in a horizontal middle position;

[0140] Step S200, the photoelectric sensor 282 detects the delivery state of the seed flow in the seeding tube 281 of the seed metering device in real time, and sends the seed quantity information flowing through the photoelectric sensor 282 at equal time intervals to the controller of the seed metering device, and the controller controls and adjusts the action of the seed cleaning device 25 according to the seed quantity information;

[0141] Step S300, if the seed quantity information is 1, it is determined that the seeding is normal, and the seed cleaning device 25 does not operate;

[0142] Step S400, if the seed quantity information is greater than or equal to 2, it is judged to be rearranged, and the controller controls the rotary motor 2521 of the seed cleaning device 25 to drive the adjustment arm 2523 to rotate counterclockwise by a set angle, and the set angle is preferably 1°, so as to reduce the distance between the edge of the elastic wheel 2514 of the seed cleaning device 25 and the center of the seeding hole 272 of the seed metering device, so as to reduce the seed passing rate;

[0143] Step S500: if the seed quantity information is 0, it is determined to be missed, and the controller controls the rotating motor 2521 to drive the adjusting arm 2523 to rotate clockwise by a set angle, and the set angle is preferably 1°, so as to increase the distance between the edge of the elastic wheel 2514 and the center of the seed-discharging hole 272, so as to increase the seed passing rate; and

[0144] Step S600, repeat steps S300-S500 until the seed quantity information flowing through the photoelectric sensor 282 at a single time interval is stabilized to 1, so as to adapt to the changes in the high-speed precision seeding operation environment and realize high-quality precision seeding and seeding operations under high-speed operation conditions.

[0145] The present invention integrates electric drive, seeding disc, intelligent seed clearing, high-speed precision seeding mechanism, etc., and performs high-speed precision seeding and high-position precision seeding through the integration of positive pressure airflow. It has strong operating performance, high work quality and efficiency, good stability, strong operating reliability in field environment, and can effectively reduce power consumption. Through the joint action of positive pressure airflow, seeding hole 272 and seed disturbing boss 273, the crop seeds in the seeding cavity are fully disturbed, and the population mobility and the seed filling performance of high-speed precision seeding operation are improved; the seed clearing device 25 can intelligently adjust the relative position of the seed clearing mechanism 251 and the seeding hole 272 according to the real-time delivery status of the seeds, improve the seed clearing accuracy and seed clearing stability in complex operating environments, and reduce the seeding missed sowing and re-seeding rate; at the same time, positive pressure airflow is used to assist in high-speed sowing, reduce the collision and bounce between seeds and seeding tube 281, improve the sowing accuracy, and achieve high-speed, high-quality, high-efficiency, precision sowing and high-position precision sowing. The invention solves the problems of poor quality of precision seeding operation caused by poor population mobility, poor seed filling performance, low seed cleaning accuracy and stability, and low qualified rate of high-position seeding seed spacing under high-speed operation conditions in the existing pneumatic seeding devices. Compared with the existing pneumatic seeding devices, the invention can effectively reduce the seeding reseeding rate and missed seeding rate, improve the seeding qualified rate, seed spacing qualified rate and seeding operation quality, and has good applicability and reliability for precision seeding operations under high-speed conditions (above 12 km / h).

[0146] Of course, the present invention may have many other embodiments. Without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, those skilled in the art may make various corresponding changes and modifications based on the present invention, but these corresponding changes and modifications should all fall within the scope of protection of the claims attached to the present invention.

Claims

1. A seed cleaning device, corresponding to the seeding disc of the seeding device, is installed in the housing of the seeding device, characterized in that: include: A seed clearing mechanism, comprising a seed clearing rotating arm and a plurality of elastic wheels, one end of the seed clearing rotating arm being pivotally connected to the housing of the seed metering device, a plurality of elastic wheels being sequentially mounted on the other end of the seed clearing rotating arm, and the distances between the edges of the plurality of elastic wheels and the center of the seeding hole of the seeding disk being adjustable and increasing or decreasing in sequence; and The seed clearing adjustment mechanism comprises a rotating motor and an adjusting arm, wherein the rotating motor is installed in the housing of the seed metering device, and the two ends of the adjusting arm are respectively connected to the seed clearing rotating arm and the transmission shaft of the rotating motor; Among them, the rotating motor is connected to the controller of the seed metering device. The controller controls the rotating motor to drive the adjusting arm to drive the seed cleaning rotating arm to rotate according to the seeding signal of the seed metering device detected, and adjusts the distance between the edge of the elastic wheel and the center of the seeding hole of the seeding disk in real time to remove excess crop seeds or adjust the seed position to ensure that a single seed passes through.

2. The seed cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seed cleaning rotating arm includes a straight arm and an arc-shaped arm, one end of the straight arm is pivotally connected to the housing of the seed metering device through a seed cleaning rotating shaft, and the seed cleaning rotating shaft is located on one side of the rotating shaft of the seed metering device; one end of the arc-shaped arm is connected to the other end of the straight arm, and a plurality of elastic wheels are sequentially installed on the arc-shaped arm and close to the other end of the arc-shaped arm; the curvature of the arc-shaped arm is adapted to the seeding hole of the seeding disk.

3. The seed cleaning device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The plurality of elastic wheels are respectively connected to the arc-shaped arm through a mounting plate, one end of the mounting plate is connected to the arc-shaped arm, and the elastic wheel is mounted on the other end of the mounting plate. The distance between the edge of the elastic wheel and the center of the seed-dispensing hole is adjusted by adjusting the connection position between the mounting plate and the arc-shaped arm or the mounting position of the elastic wheel on the mounting plate.

4. The seed cleaning device according to claim 2, characterized in that: One end of the adjusting arm is connected to the other end of the straight arm through a pin shaft, and the adjusting arm drives the seed clearing rotating arm to rotate around the seed clearing rotating shaft between -10° and 10° to fine-tune the distance between the edge of the elastic wheel and the center of the seed row hole.

5. A seed cleaning method, characterized in that: The intelligent seed cleaning of a seed metering device using the seed cleaning device described in any one of claims 1 to 4 comprises the following steps: an adjustment step for adjusting the seed cleaning rotating arm of the seed cleaning device to a horizontal middle position before the seeding operation; The data collection, transmission and control step is used to detect the delivery status of the seed flow in the seed metering device in real time through the photoelectric sensor, and send the seed quantity information that flows through the photoelectric sensor at a single time within a set time interval to the controller of the seed metering device; the controller controls and adjusts the seed cleaning device according to the seed quantity information; wherein the control step further includes a judgment step: If the seed quantity information is 1, it is judged that the seeding is normal, and the seed cleaning device does not operate; If the seed quantity information is greater than or equal to 2, it is judged to be rearranged, and the controller controls the rotating motor of the seed cleaning device to drive the adjusting arm to rotate a set angle, thereby reducing the distance between the edge of the elastic wheel of the seed cleaning device and the center of the seeding hole of the seed metering device to reduce the seed passing rate; If the seed quantity information is 0, it is determined to be missed, and the controller controls the rotary motor to drive the adjustment arm to rotate in the opposite direction by a set angle to increase the distance between the edge of the elastic wheel and the center of the seed rowing hole to increase the seed passing rate; and Repeat the above steps until the number of seeds flowing through the photoelectric sensor once within the set time interval is 1.

6. A pneumatic high-speed precision seed metering device, characterized in that: include: The housing of the seed meter includes a main housing, a secondary housing and an air outlet, wherein the main housing is provided with a seed supply channel, and the air outlet is provided on the secondary housing; the main housing and the secondary housing are connected to each other to form a closed accommodating cavity; A seeding disc is installed in the accommodating cavity. The seeding disc is a disc structure. A plurality of seeding holes are evenly distributed near the edge of the disc. A seed disturbing boss is correspondingly arranged on the inner side of the seeding holes. A positive pressure air flow delivery pipeline, one end of which is connected to the main housing, and the other end of which is connected to the positive pressure fan, for providing a stable and continuous positive pressure air flow to achieve accurate seeding and seeding; The seed cleaning device according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is installed in the accommodating cavity corresponding to the seed plate; A seeding mechanism is arranged in the accommodating cavity corresponding to the seeding disc and is located on a side opposite to the seed cleaning device; A seed population regulating mechanism is disposed in the accommodating cavity and located above the seeding mechanism; A driving mechanism, mounted on the main housing and connected to the seeding disc; as well as The controller is connected to the driving mechanism and the seed cleaning device respectively. A photoelectric sensor for detecting a seed dropping signal is arranged in the seed dropping tube of the seed dropping mechanism, and the photoelectric sensor is connected to the controller.

7. The pneumatic high-speed precision seed metering device according to claim 6, characterized in that: Also includes: The seed cleaning mechanism includes a movable arc plate and a clamping plate; the movable arc plate is connected to the main shell through the clamping plate and is located directly below the lower end outlet of the seed supply channel, and the arc area of ​​the movable arc plate is larger than the lower end opening of the main shell; the clamping plate is installed on the outer side wall of the main shell to achieve rapid opening and sealing of the movable arc plate.

8. The pneumatic high-speed precision seed metering device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The population adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment handle, an arc-shaped end plate and a positioning column, wherein the adjustment handle is connected to the arc-shaped end plate, and the adjustment handle is used to adjust the relative position of the arc-shaped end plate and the lower end outlet of the seed supply channel to control the opening of the lower end outlet of the seed supply channel, and the area of ​​the arc-shaped end plate is larger than the area of ​​the lower end outlet of the seed supply channel, so that the lower end outlet of the seed supply channel is completely closed when the arc end is at the lowest point.

9. The pneumatic high-speed precision seed metering device according to claim 6, characterized in that: Also includes: An air-blocking wheel is installed in the auxiliary housing corresponding to the seeding disc and is tightly fitted with the seeding disc, and the wheel width of the air-blocking wheel is greater than the diameter of the seeding hole; A seed unloading wheel is installed in the auxiliary housing corresponding to the seeding disc and is located below the air blocking wheel and fits tightly with the seeding disc. A fine needle-shaped column is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the seed unloading wheel to ensure the removal of undelivered or damaged seeds; Among them, the air-blocking wheel and the seed-unloading wheel rotate relatively under the rotation action of the seed-discharging disk. When the seed-discharging hole carrying a single seed rotates to the position of the air-blocking wheel, the air-blocking wheel blocks the airflow to eliminate the pressure effect of the positive pressure airflow, and the seeds fall into the seed-discharging mechanism under the action of their own gravity; when the seed-discharging disk rotates to the position of the seed-unloading wheel, the seed-unloading wheel rotates and pierces and removes the undelivered or damaged seeds at the seed-discharging hole through the fine needle-shaped column on the outside and returns them to the accommodating cavity.

10. A sowing device, which is an integrated precision fertilization sowing device, characterized in that: It comprises the pneumatic high-speed precision seed metering device as described in any one of claims 6-9.

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