A bone marrow aspiration auxiliary device and auxiliary method for hematology.

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of medical equipment, and more specifically discloses a bone marrow puncture auxiliary device and auxiliary method for hematology, comprising a workbench, a support foot is arranged at the bottom of the workbench, a lateral displacement mechanism is arranged at the top of the workbench, an extension frame is movably arranged on the lateral displacement mechanism, a frame-shaped frame is fixedly connected to the bottom of the extension frame, a lifting displacement mechanism is arranged on the frame-shaped frame, a protective shell is movably arranged on the lifting displacement mechanism, an angle adjustment mechanism is arranged on the protective shell, a linkage frame is arranged on the lower side of the protective shell, an auxiliary positioning mechanism is connected to the bottom of the linkage frame through a first spring telescopic rod, an auxiliary rotation mechanism is arranged on the linkage frame, and a fixed puncture needle is installed on the auxiliary rotation mechanism; a high-precision puncture position is achieved, and the position error is prevented from affecting the puncture result, which is conducive to faster insertion of the puncture needle into the bone marrow cavity to reduce the operation time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of medical equipment, and more specifically to a bone marrow puncture auxiliary device and an auxiliary method thereof for hematology. Background Art

[0002] Bone marrow puncture is the process of extracting bone marrow fluid by puncturing the bone marrow cavity. Its main purpose is to diagnose blood system diseases, such as leukemia, anemia, myeloma, etc. It can also be used to evaluate the patient's bone marrow hematopoietic function.

[0003] The Chinese invention patent with publication number CN117679085A discloses a bone marrow puncture operation table for children, including a bracket, a table and at least one restraint belt for fixing the puncture position of the child, the table is laid on the bracket, the restraint belt is arranged along the width direction of the table and slidably arranged on the bracket, and the sliding direction of the restraint belt is the same as the length direction of the table. The present invention has the advantages of being able to safely and effectively perform bone marrow puncture on children, while reducing manpower consumption and operation time.

[0004] Traditional bone marrow puncture requires medical staff to perform the puncture operation with a handheld puncture needle, slowly insert the puncture needle into the bone marrow cavity and extract a bone marrow sample. During the puncture process, the accuracy of the puncture needs to be ensured, and the puncture requires the replacement of the puncture needle inner core to extract the sample, which requires medical staff to stabilize the puncture needle, which is prone to fatigue and hand tremors, affecting the accuracy and stability of the puncture. Injuries may be caused by uneven force or sudden increase in force during manual puncture, especially if the patient's position changes, and the puncture operation is prone to errors, affecting the progress of the operation and the patient's physical safety. The existing auxiliary equipment is handheld assistance, which can only adapt to vertical puncture operations and cannot replace automatic puncture by medical staff. The stabilization effect is limited, especially since puncture operations are not all vertical punctures, and the scope of application of vertical assistance alone is relatively small. For this reason, we provide a bone marrow puncture auxiliary device and an auxiliary method for hematology. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a bone marrow puncture auxiliary device and an auxiliary method thereof for hematology to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0006] The present invention provides the following technical solutions: a bone marrow puncture auxiliary device for hematology and an auxiliary method thereof, comprising a workbench, the bottom of the workbench is provided with supporting feet, the top of the workbench is provided with a lateral displacement mechanism, the lateral displacement mechanism is movably provided with an extension frame, the bottom of the extension frame is fixedly connected with a frame, the frame is provided with a lifting displacement mechanism, the lifting displacement mechanism is movably provided with a protective shell, the protective shell is provided with an angle adjustment mechanism, a linkage frame is provided on the lower side of the protective shell, the bottom of the linkage frame is connected with an auxiliary positioning mechanism through a first spring telescopic rod, the linkage frame is provided with an auxiliary rotation mechanism, and a fixed puncture needle is installed on the auxiliary rotation mechanism;

[0007] The auxiliary positioning mechanism includes a double-layer positioning ring, a positioning ring, an arc-shaped arm, a second spring telescopic rod and a limiting ring. The double-layer positioning ring is fixedly connected to the lower end of the first spring telescopic rod, the positioning ring is fixedly connected to the bottom center of the double-layer positioning ring, the arc-shaped arm is provided with a plurality of and is rotatably connected to the periphery of the double-layer positioning ring through an ear shaft, the second spring telescopic rod is provided with a plurality of and is connected to the periphery of the arc-shaped arm and the double-layer positioning ring through an ear shaft, the limiting ring is fixedly connected to the top center of the double-layer positioning ring, and the end of the puncture needle slides through the limiting ring.

[0008] Furthermore, the auxiliary rotation mechanism includes a lower mounting groove, an upper mounting cover, a first spur gear, a fourth motor and a second spur gear, the lower mounting groove is fixedly connected to the side of the linkage frame, the upper mounting cover is located on the upper side of the lower mounting groove, both sides of the lower mounting groove are provided with mounting holes, both sides of the upper mounting cover are fixedly connected with screws, the screws are inserted into the corresponding mounting holes and fixed by nuts, the first spur gear is detachably connected between the lower mounting groove and the upper mounting cover, the fourth motor is fixedly connected to the lower side of the linkage frame, the second spur gear is fixedly connected to the output end of the fourth motor, and the second spur gear is meshed with the first spur gear.

[0009] Furthermore, the lower mounting groove, upper mounting cover, double-layer positioning ring and positioning ring are all concentric structures, the puncture part of the puncture needle is inserted into the limiting ring through the lower mounting groove, and the extraction part of the puncture needle is located between the lower mounting groove and the upper mounting cover.

[0010] Furthermore, the first spur gear is sleeved on the surface of the extraction part of the puncture needle, and shaft rotating parts are arranged on the upper and lower sides of the first spur gear. The lower mounting groove and the upper mounting cover are close to each other and are provided with grooves matching the shaft rotating parts. The first spur gear is rotatably connected between the lower mounting groove and the upper mounting cover by setting the shaft rotating part.

[0011] Furthermore, the lateral displacement mechanism includes a first motor, two bearing frames, a first ball screw, a first screw sleeve, a first straight rod and a first sliding sleeve. The first motor and the two bearing frames are fixedly connected to the top of the workbench, the first ball screw is rotatably connected between the two bearing frames, the output end of the first motor is fixedly connected to the first ball screw, the first screw sleeve is threadedly connected to the circumferential surface of the first ball screw, the first straight rod is fixedly connected between the two bearing frames, the first sleeve is slidably connected to the circumferential surface of the first straight rod, the first sleeve is fixedly connected to the side of the first screw sleeve, and the extension frame is fixedly connected to the top of the first screw sleeve.

[0012] Furthermore, the lifting and displacement mechanism includes a second motor, a second ball screw, a second screw sleeve, a second straight rod and a second sliding sleeve, the second motor is fixedly connected to the top of the extension frame, the second ball screw is rotatably connected between the upper and lower inner walls of the frame, the output end of the second motor is fixedly connected to the second ball screw, the second screw sleeve is threadedly connected to the circumferential surface of the second ball screw, the second straight rod is fixedly connected between the upper and lower inner walls of the frame, the second sleeve is slidably connected to the circumferential surface of the second straight rod, and the second sleeve is fixedly connected between the protective shell and the second screw sleeve.

[0013] Furthermore, the angle adjustment mechanism includes a third motor, a worm, a worm wheel and an extension arm, the third motor is fixedly connected to the top of the protective shell, the worm is located in the protective shell and fixedly connected to the output end of the third motor, the worm wheel is rotatably connected between the inner walls of the protective shell, the worm is meshed with the worm wheel, the extension arm is fixedly connected to the axis of the worm wheel, and the lower end of the extension arm is fixedly connected to the linkage frame.

[0014] Furthermore, an angle gauge and two limit blocks are provided on the side of the protective shell, the extension arm is located between the two limit blocks, and an indicating groove is provided on the extension arm near the angle gauge.

[0015] An auxiliary method for bone marrow puncture in hematology, comprising the following steps:

[0016] S1. Fix the equipment: install the support foot on the surface of the bed guardrail, and tighten the screws to fix the position of the workbench, insert the puncture needle into the lower mounting groove from top to bottom, set the first straight gear on the extraction part of the puncture needle, and then tighten the screws to install the extraction part of the puncture needle between the lower mounting groove and the upper mounting cover;

[0017] S2. Determine the location: Determine the location of the patient's puncture surgery, assist the patient to take the appropriate position, expose the puncture site and disinfect the skin;

[0018] S3, moving position: then controlling the output end of the first motor to drive the first ball screw to rotate, the first ball screw drives the first screw sleeve to move horizontally, the extension frame follows the first screw sleeve to move linearly, and the linkage frame, the auxiliary positioning mechanism and the overall position of the puncture needle are adjusted, so that the puncture needle is located on the upper side of the surgical position;

[0019] S4, precise position; control the output end of the second motor to rotate, the second ball screw drives the second screw sleeve to move downward, and the second sliding sleeve and the protective shell move downward accordingly, thereby driving the linkage frame, the auxiliary positioning mechanism, the auxiliary rotating mechanism and the puncture needle to move downward as a whole, and the surrounding arc-shaped arms are pressed around the surgical position of the patient under the elastic action of the second spring telescopic rod, so that the double-layer positioning ring fits the patient's skin surface, and then stop the second motor and observe the position of the positioning ring, and adjust the mobile positioning ring again by step S3 to ensure that the positioning ring is located on the upper side of the surgical position to accurately locate the surgical position of the patient;

[0020] S5, auxiliary puncture: after ensuring that the positioning ring is at the precise surgical position, the second motor is used to control the protective shell and the linkage frame to move downward again. The double-layer positioning ring has been in contact with the patient's skin surface and cannot move downward. Due to the telescopic design of the first spring telescopic rod, the linkage frame, the auxiliary rotating mechanism and the puncture needle are moved downward again. The puncture part of the puncture needle passes through the positioning ring and enters the patient's body to perform the puncture operation, and the output end of the fourth motor is controlled to drive the second spur gear to rotate, the second spur gear drives the first spur gear to rotate, and finally drives the puncture needle to rotate, so that the puncture needle can quickly puncture the bone, achieve high-precision speed and position control, and ensure that the puncture needle can accurately enter the bone marrow cavity according to the predetermined path and depth;

[0021] S6. Extract samples: After the puncture needle passes through the bone marrow cavity, remove the inner core of the puncture needle, then connect it to a dry syringe to extract an appropriate amount of bone marrow fluid, quickly make a smear and send it for inspection, and finally control the puncture needle to return to its original position through the lifting and displacement mechanism. The medical staff disinfects the patient's wound to complete the automated puncture operation.

[0022] Technical effects and advantages of the present invention:

[0023] 1. The present invention is provided with an auxiliary positioning mechanism, which is beneficial to controlling the positioning ring to move accurately to the upper side of the puncture position after the double-layer positioning ring is attached to the patient's skin, thereby achieving a high-precision puncture position and avoiding position errors that may affect the puncture results. In addition, an arc arm is designed around the double-layer positioning ring, and the arc arm adopts a cross structure and is evenly distributed around the double-layer positioning ring. The second spring telescopic rod provides elastic thrust for the arc arm, which is beneficial for the arc arm to press the patient's position and maintain the patient's stable position, and can prevent the patient's movement from causing position deviation, thereby avoiding problems such as difficult surgical operations and damage to nearby tissue structures caused by changes in body position, and ensuring the smooth progress of the operation.

[0024] 2. The present invention is provided with an auxiliary rotating mechanism, which facilitates faster insertion of the puncture needle into the bone marrow cavity, thereby reducing the operation time and ensuring that the puncture needle can accurately enter the bone marrow cavity according to a predetermined path and depth. This precise control reduces the uncertainty and error of human operation and improves the accuracy of puncture. In addition, the stability and uniformity of the operation of the second motor and the fourth motor are conducive to ensuring the uniform application of force during the puncture process, avoiding injuries caused by uneven force or sudden increase in force that may occur during manual puncture, which is conducive to less pain and faster recovery for patients.

[0025] 3. The present invention is provided with an angle adjustment mechanism, which is conducive to adjusting the puncture angle of the puncture needle, and can be freely adjusted according to needs. Compared with existing vertical auxiliary equipment, the scope of use is expanded. The direction of the puncture needle can be accurately controlled according to the patient's physical condition and the doctor's operating needs, so that it can accurately enter the target bone marrow tissue or other organs. This accuracy greatly improves the success rate of the operation and reduces complications caused by inaccurate puncture. In addition, the angle meter and indicator slot are designed for use together, which is conducive to accurately adjusting the deviation angle of the puncture needle, and the operation can be completed more quickly, shortening the operation time and reducing the difficulty of the operation. Limit blocks are set on both sides of the extension arm to limit the rotation range of the extension arm to ensure that there will be no over-adjustment and improve safety.

[0026] 4. The present invention is provided with a lateral displacement mechanism and a lifting displacement mechanism, which is conducive to controlling the horizontal displacement and lifting displacement of the auxiliary positioning mechanism and the puncture needle, automating the operation, reducing the uncertainty and error of manual operation, improving the accuracy of puncture, and shortening the operation time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 It is a side structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the lifting and displacement mechanism of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary positioning mechanism of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Explosion diagram.

[0033] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the first straight gear structure of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the angle adjustment mechanism of the present invention.

[0035] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the protective shell of the present invention.

[0036] The accompanying drawings are marked as follows: 1. workbench; 2. lateral displacement mechanism; 201. first motor; 202. bearing frame; 203. first ball screw; 204. first screw sleeve; 205. first straight rod; 206. first sliding sleeve; 3. extension frame; 301. frame; 4. lifting displacement mechanism; 401. second motor; 402. second ball screw; 403. second screw sleeve; 404. second straight rod; 405. second sliding sleeve; 5. protective shell; 6. linkage frame; 601. first spring telescopic rod; 7. auxiliary positioning mechanism; 701. double-layer positioning ring; 702. 02. Positioning ring; 703. Arc arm; 704. Second spring telescopic rod; 705. Limiting ring; 8. Angle adjustment mechanism; 801. Third motor; 802. Worm; 803. Worm wheel; 804. Extension arm; 805. Angle gauge; 806. Indicator slot; 807. Limiting block; 9. Auxiliary rotation mechanism; 901. Lower mounting slot; 902. Mounting hole; 903. Upper mounting cover; 904. Screw; 905. First spur gear; 9051. Shaft rotating part; 906. Fourth motor; 907. Second spur gear; 10. Puncture needle; 11. Support foot. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the present invention. In addition, the forms of the various structures recorded in the following embodiments are merely illustrative. The bone marrow puncture auxiliary device and auxiliary method for hematology involved in the present invention are not limited to the various structures recorded in the following embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] Reference Figure 1 and Fig. 9The present invention provides a bone marrow puncture auxiliary device and auxiliary method for hematology, comprising a workbench 1, a support foot 11 is arranged at the bottom of the workbench 1, a lateral displacement mechanism 2 is arranged at the top of the workbench 1, an extension frame 3 is arranged on the lateral displacement mechanism 2, a frame 301 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the extension frame 3, a lifting displacement mechanism 4 is arranged on the frame 301, a protective shell 5 is arranged on the lifting displacement mechanism 4, an angle adjustment mechanism 8 is arranged on the protective shell 5, a linkage frame 6 is arranged on the lower side of the protective shell 5, an auxiliary positioning mechanism 7 is connected to the bottom of the linkage frame 6 through a first spring telescopic rod 601, an auxiliary rotation mechanism 9 is arranged on the linkage frame 6, and a fixed puncture needle 10 is installed on the auxiliary rotation mechanism 9;

[0039] The auxiliary positioning mechanism 7 includes a double-layer positioning ring 701, a positioning ring 702, an arc arm 703, a second spring telescopic rod 704 and a limiting ring 705. The double-layer positioning ring 701 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the first spring telescopic rod 601, the positioning ring 702 is fixedly connected to the bottom center of the double-layer positioning ring 701, the arc arm 703 is provided with a plurality of and is rotatably connected to the periphery of the double-layer positioning ring 701 through an ear shaft, the second spring telescopic rod 704 is provided with a plurality of and is connected to the periphery of the arc arm 703 and the double-layer positioning ring 701 through an ear shaft, the limiting ring 705 is fixedly connected to the top center of the double-layer positioning ring 701, and the end of the puncture needle 10 slides through the limiting ring 705.

[0040] In this embodiment, it is necessary to specifically explain that: the upper end of the puncture needle 10 is the extraction part, and the lower end is the puncture part. The workbench 1 needs to be fixed on the bed. The support foot 11 is located at the bottom of the workbench 1 and is symmetrically designed. When installing, the support foot 11 is put on the guardrail of the bed, and then the screws are tightened to fix the position of the support foot 11 to fix the position of the workbench 1. The lateral displacement mechanism 2 is used to control the horizontal movement of the lifting displacement mechanism 4, the protective shell 5, the auxiliary positioning mechanism 7, the auxiliary rotation mechanism 9 and the puncture needle 10. Different patients have different puncture positions and body shapes. The puncture needle 10 is automatically controlled by the lateral displacement mechanism 2 to move horizontally, which can quickly reach the specified position and can be adapted to patients of different body shapes. The patient does not need to move due to the adjustment of the position of the equipment, thereby improving the patient's comfort. In addition, the workbench 1 has a simple structure and a small shielding area, which will not affect the surgical field of medical staff. The lifting displacement mechanism 4 is used to control the lifting and displacement mechanism 4, the protective shell 5, the linkage frame 6, the auxiliary positioning mechanism 7, the auxiliary rotation mechanism 9 and the puncture needle 10, mainly to adjust the height of the auxiliary positioning mechanism 7 and the puncture needle 10.

[0041] The main difference between this embodiment and the prior art is that the auxiliary positioning mechanism 7 and the auxiliary rotating mechanism 9 are used in this embodiment to assist the puncture surgery. Specifically, during the puncture surgery, the patient's puncture surgery position needs to be accurately determined, which is generally confirmed by pressing to leave a mark, but the mark is not clear and errors are easy to occur. The auxiliary positioning mechanism 7 of the device is provided with a positioning ring 702, which controls the linkage frame 6 to move downward through the lifting displacement mechanism 4, and the auxiliary positioning mechanism 7 follows the linkage frame 6 downward. After the double-layer positioning ring 701 is attached to the patient's skin, the positioning ring 702 can be controlled to move accurately to the upper side of the puncture position. , a high-precision puncture position is achieved to avoid position error affecting the puncture result, and an arc arm 703 is designed around the double-layer positioning ring 701. The arc arm 703 adopts a cross structure and is evenly distributed around the double-layer positioning ring 701. When the double-layer positioning ring 701 fits the patient's skin, the second spring telescopic rod 704 is in a compressed state to provide an elastic thrust for the arc arm 703, so that the arc arm 703 presses the patient's position and maintains the patient's stable position, which can prevent the patient's movement from causing position deviation, thereby avoiding problems such as difficulty in surgical operation and damage to nearby tissue structures caused by changes in body position. To ensure the smooth progress of the operation, after confirming the position, the lifting and displacement mechanism 4 is used to control the linkage frame 6 to move downward again. At this time, the auxiliary positioning mechanism 7 has been attached to the patient's skin and cannot move downward. Under the telescopic function of the first spring telescopic rod 601, the linkage frame 6, the auxiliary rotation mechanism 9 and the puncture needle 10 move downward as a whole, so that the puncture needle 10 passes through the surgical position marked by the positioning ring 702, and then is inserted into the patient's skin for puncture surgery. In bone marrow surgery, it is necessary to insert the puncture needle into the bone marrow cavity. In this solution, a fourth motor 906 is designed on the auxiliary rotation mechanism 9, and the output end of the fourth motor 906 is used to drive the puncture needle 10 to move downward. The second spur gear 907 is driven to rotate, and finally the puncture needle 10 is driven to rotate, which can help the puncture needle 10 to be inserted into the bone marrow cavity more quickly, so as to reduce the operation time and ensure that the puncture needle can accurately enter the bone marrow cavity according to the predetermined path and depth. This precise control reduces the uncertainty and error of manual operation and improves the accuracy of puncture. Moreover, the stability and uniformity of the second motor 401 and the fourth motor 906 ensure the uniform application of force during the puncture process, avoiding the damage caused by uneven force or sudden increase in force that may occur during manual puncture, which is conducive to less pain and faster recovery for patients.

[0042] The above structure is the main structure of this embodiment, which solves the problem that hand-held puncture affects the accuracy and stability of the operation. The puncture part and the extraction part in the puncture needle 10 are existing structures. The specific internal structure and connection method of the puncture needle 10 are not described in detail in this embodiment. In addition, the extraction of bone marrow fluid after puncture by the puncture needle 10 also belongs to the existing technology. Therefore, this application does not make detailed limitations.

[0043] Reference Figure 5-6The auxiliary rotating mechanism 9 includes a lower mounting groove 901, an upper mounting cover 903, a first spur gear 905, a fourth motor 906 and a second spur gear 907. The lower mounting groove 901 is fixedly connected to the side of the linkage frame 6. The upper mounting cover 903 is located on the upper side of the lower mounting groove 901. Both sides of the lower mounting groove 901 are provided with mounting holes 902. Both sides of the upper mounting cover 903 are fixedly connected with screws 904. The screws 904 are inserted into the corresponding mounting holes 902 and fixed by nuts. The first spur gear 905 is detachably connected between the lower mounting groove 901 and the upper mounting cover 903. The fourth motor 906 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the linkage frame 6. The second spur gear 907 is fixedly connected to the output end of the fourth motor 906. The second spur gear 907 is meshed with the first spur gear 905.

[0044] In this embodiment, it is necessary to specifically explain that: the lower mounting groove 901 and the linkage frame 6 are an integral structure. During surgery, the puncture needle 10 needs to be installed on the auxiliary rotating mechanism 9 first, and the puncture needle 10 is inserted into the lower mounting groove 901 from top to bottom. The puncture portion of the puncture needle 10 is inserted into the limiting ring 705 from the lower mounting groove 901. The inner diameter of the limiting ring 705 is the same as the diameter of the puncture portion of the puncture needle 10, and then the position of the puncture needle 10 after the limiting ring 705 is inserted is limited to ensure accurate installation. It should be noted that: the lower mounting groove 901, the upper mounting cover 903, the double-layer positioning ring 701 and the positioning ring 702 are all concentric structures. The inner wall structure of the first straight gear 905 matches the extraction portion of the puncture needle 10. The first straight gear 905 is sleeved on the surface of the extraction portion of the puncture needle 10, and then the screw 904 is inserted into the mounting hole 902 and the nut is tightened to fix the position of the upper mounting cover 903. The puncture needle 10 and The extraction part of the first spur gear 905 is located between the lower mounting groove 901 and the upper mounting cover 903, and the contact surfaces of the puncture needle 10 with the lower mounting groove 901 and the upper mounting cover 903 are all circular. The first spur gear 905 is provided with an axial rotation part 9051 on the upper and lower sides, and the lower mounting groove 901 and the upper mounting cover 903 are provided with a groove matching the axial rotation part 9051 on the side close to each other. The first spur gear 905 and the puncture needle 10 are rotatably connected between the lower mounting groove 901 and the upper mounting cover 903 by setting the axial rotation part 9051. When the puncture needle 10 contacts the patient's bone, the output end of the fourth motor 906 is controlled to drive the second spur gear 907 to rotate, and the second spur gear 907 drives the first spur gear 905 to rotate, and finally drives the puncture needle 10 to rotate, so that the puncture needle 10 can quickly puncture the bone, realize high-precision speed and position control, and ensure that the puncture needle can accurately enter the bone marrow cavity according to the predetermined path and depth.

[0045] Reference Figure 3The lateral displacement mechanism 2 includes a first motor 201, two bearing frames 202, a first ball screw 203, a first screw sleeve 204, a first straight rod 205 and a first sleeve 206. The first motor 201 and the two bearing frames 202 are fixedly connected to the top of the workbench 1. The first ball screw 203 is rotatably connected between the two bearing frames 202. The output end of the first motor 201 is fixedly connected to the first ball screw 203. The first screw sleeve 204 is threadedly connected to the circumferential surface of the first ball screw 203. The first straight rod 205 is fixedly connected between the two bearing frames 202. The first sleeve 206 is slidably connected to the circumferential surface of the first straight rod 205. The first sleeve 206 is fixedly connected to the side of the first screw sleeve 204. The extension frame 3 is fixedly connected to the top of the first screw sleeve 204.

[0046] In this embodiment, it is necessary to specifically explain that: the bearing frame 202 is used to support the rotation of the first ball screw 203, control the output end of the first motor 201 to drive the first ball screw 203 to rotate, the first ball screw 203 drives the first screw sleeve 204 to move horizontally, the extension frame 3 follows the first screw sleeve 204 to move linearly, adjust the overall position of the linkage frame 6, the auxiliary positioning mechanism 7 and the puncture needle 10, and realize automatic adjustment of the horizontal position of the puncture needle 10. Two first straight rods 205 and two first sliding sleeves 206 are provided, which are provided on both sides of the first ball screw 203 to limit the stable linear movement of the first screw sleeve 204.

[0047] Reference Figure 4 The lifting and displacement mechanism 4 includes a second motor 401, a second ball screw 402, a second screw sleeve 403, a second straight rod 404 and a second sleeve 405. The second motor 401 is fixedly connected to the top of the extension frame 3, the second ball screw 402 is rotatably connected between the upper and lower inner walls of the frame 301, the output end of the second motor 401 is fixedly connected to the second ball screw 402, the second screw sleeve 403 is threadedly connected to the circumferential surface of the second ball screw 402, the second straight rod 404 is fixedly connected between the upper and lower inner walls of the frame 301, the second sleeve 405 is slidably connected to the circumferential surface of the second straight rod 404, and the second sleeve 405 is fixedly connected between the protective shell 5 and the second screw sleeve 403.

[0048] In this embodiment, it is necessary to specifically explain that: the output end of the second motor 401 is controlled to rotate, the second ball screw 402 drives the second screw sleeve 403 to move downward, and the second sleeve 405 and the protective shell 5 follow the downward movement, thereby driving the linkage frame 6, the auxiliary positioning mechanism 7, the auxiliary rotation mechanism 9 and the puncture needle 10 to move downward as a whole, and the second straight rod 404 is parallel to the second ball screw 402 to limit the second sleeve 405 from moving up and down in a straight line on the surface of 4040, thereby realizing the function of automatically controlling the auxiliary positioning mechanism 7 and the lifting and lowering of the puncture needle 10.

[0049] Reference Figure 8-9 The angle adjustment mechanism 8 includes a third motor 801, a worm 802, a worm wheel 803 and an extension arm 804. The third motor 801 is fixedly connected to the top of the protective shell 5. The worm 802 is located in the protective shell 5 and fixedly connected to the output end of the third motor 801. The worm wheel 803 is rotatably connected between the inner walls of the protective shell 5. The worm 802 is meshed with the worm wheel 803. The extension arm 804 is fixedly connected to the axis of the worm wheel 803. The lower end of the extension arm 804 is fixedly connected to the linkage frame 6. An angle gauge 805 and two limit blocks 807 are provided on the side of the protective shell 5. The extension arm 804 is located between the two limit blocks 807. An indication groove 806 is provided on the extension arm 804 near the angle gauge 805.

[0050] In this embodiment, it should be specifically explained that: the worm 802 and the worm wheel 803 are both located in the protective shell 5, and the worm 802 is driven to rotate by the output end of the third motor 801, and the worm 802 drives the worm wheel 803 to rotate slowly, and the worm wheel 803 drives the extension arm 804 to rotate slowly, and the extension arm 804 is connected to the linkage frame 6, and then the overall structure of the linkage frame 6, the auxiliary positioning mechanism 7, the auxiliary rotation mechanism 9 and the puncture needle 10 is adjusted. It is important that the puncture angle of the puncture needle 10 can be adjusted, and it can be freely adjusted according to needs. Compared with the existing vertical auxiliary equipment, the scope of use is expanded, and it can be based on According to the patient's physical condition and the doctor's operating needs, the direction of the puncture needle 10 is precisely controlled so that it can accurately enter the target bone marrow tissue or other organs. This precision greatly improves the success rate of the operation and reduces complications caused by inaccurate puncture. In addition, the angle gauge 805 and the indicator slot 806 are designed to be used together, which can accurately adjust the offset angle of the puncture needle 10, and the operation can be completed more quickly, shortening the operation time and reducing the difficulty of the operation. The limit blocks 807 are set on both sides of the extension arm 804 to limit the rotation range of the extension arm 804 to ensure that it will not be over-adjusted, thereby improving safety.

[0051] Working principle of the present invention:

[0052] The main problem solved by this embodiment is: using the lateral displacement mechanism 2 to control the horizontal displacement, and the lifting displacement mechanism 4 to control the longitudinal displacement, the puncture operation can be automatically performed, which solves the problems of fatigue and hand shaking in manual surgery, and an auxiliary positioning mechanism 7 is designed to assist in puncture, press the patient's skin, ensure the precise position of the puncture, and prevent the patient's position from changing, which is prone to errors in puncture surgery. In addition, the detachable design of the puncture needle 10 and the assistance of the fourth motor 906 in puncture can help the puncture needle 10 to be inserted into the bone marrow cavity more quickly, so as to reduce the operation time and ensure that the puncture needle 10 can accurately enter the bone marrow cavity according to the predetermined path and depth. This precise control reduces the uncertainty and error of human operation and improves the accuracy of puncture.

[0053] The specific steps are as follows:

[0054] S1. Fixing the equipment: Install the support foot 11 on the surface of the bed guardrail, and tighten the screws to fix the position of the workbench 1, insert the puncture needle 10 from top to bottom into the lower mounting groove 901, sleeve the first straight gear 905 on the extraction part of the puncture needle 10, and then tighten the screws to install the extraction part of the puncture needle 10 between the lower mounting groove 901 and the upper mounting cover 903;

[0055] S2. Determine the location: Determine the location of the patient's puncture surgery, assist the patient to take the appropriate position, expose the puncture site and disinfect the skin;

[0056] S3, moving position: then control the output end of the first motor 201 to drive the first ball screw 203 to rotate, the first ball screw 203 drives the first screw sleeve 204 to move horizontally, the extension frame 3 follows the first screw sleeve 204 to move linearly, and adjust the overall position of the linkage frame 6, the auxiliary positioning mechanism 7 and the puncture needle 10, so that the puncture needle 10 is located on the upper side of the surgical position;

[0057] S4, precise position; control the output end of the second motor 401 to rotate, the second ball screw 402 drives the second screw sleeve 403 to move downward, and the second sliding sleeve 405 and the protective shell 5 move downward accordingly, thereby driving the linkage frame 6, the auxiliary positioning mechanism 7, the auxiliary rotation mechanism 9 and the puncture needle 10 to move downward as a whole, and the surrounding arc-shaped arms 703 are pressed around the patient's surgical position under the elastic action of the second spring telescopic rod 704, so that the double-layer positioning ring 701 fits the patient's skin surface, and then stop the second motor 401 and observe the position of the positioning ring 702, and adjust the movable positioning ring 702 again by step S3 to ensure that the positioning ring 702 is located on the upper side of the surgical position to accurately locate the patient's surgical position;

[0058] S5, auxiliary puncture: after ensuring that the positioning ring 702 is located at the precise surgical position, the second motor 401 is used to control the protective shell 5 and the linkage frame 6 to move downward again. The double-layer positioning ring 701 has been in contact with the patient's skin surface and cannot move downward. Due to the telescopic design of the first spring telescopic rod 601, the linkage frame 6, the auxiliary rotating mechanism 9 and the puncture needle 10 move downward again. The puncture part of the puncture needle 10 passes through the positioning ring 702 and enters the patient's body to perform the puncture operation, and the output end of the fourth motor 906 is controlled to drive the second spur gear 907 to rotate, and the second spur gear 907 drives the first spur gear 905 to rotate, and finally drives the puncture needle 10 to rotate, so that the puncture needle 10 can quickly puncture the bone, achieve high-precision speed and position control, and ensure that the puncture needle can accurately enter the bone marrow cavity according to the predetermined path and depth;

[0059] S6. Extracting samples: After the puncture needle 10 passes through the bone marrow cavity, remove the inner core of the puncture part of the puncture needle 10, then connect it to a dry syringe to extract an appropriate amount of bone marrow fluid, quickly make a smear and send it for inspection, and finally control the puncture needle 10 to return to its original position through the lifting and displacement mechanism 4, and the medical staff disinfects the patient's wound to complete the automated puncture operation.

[0060] Secondly, the problem of puncture angle is solved. The puncture angle of the puncture needle 10 is adjusted by the angle adjustment mechanism 8, and can be freely adjusted according to needs. Compared with the existing auxiliary equipment, the scope of use is expanded. The direction of the puncture needle 10 can be accurately controlled according to the patient's physical condition and the doctor's operation needs, so that it can accurately enter the target bone marrow tissue or other organs. This accuracy greatly improves the success rate of the operation.

[0061] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bone marrow puncture auxiliary device for hematology, comprising a workbench (1), characterized in that: The bottom of the workbench (1) is provided with a supporting foot (11), the top of the workbench (1) is provided with a lateral displacement mechanism (2), an extension frame (3) is movably provided on the lateral displacement mechanism (2), a frame (301) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the extension frame (3), a lifting displacement mechanism (4) is provided on the frame (301), a protective shell (5) is movably provided on the lifting displacement mechanism (4), an angle adjustment mechanism (8) is provided on the protective shell (5), a linkage frame (6) is provided on the lower side of the protective shell (5), the bottom of the linkage frame (6) is connected to an auxiliary positioning mechanism (7) via a first spring telescopic rod (601), an auxiliary rotation mechanism (9) is provided on the linkage frame (6), and a fixed puncture needle (10) is installed on the auxiliary rotation mechanism (9); The auxiliary positioning mechanism (7) comprises a double-layer positioning ring (701), a positioning ring (702), an arc-shaped arm (703), a second spring telescopic rod (704) and a limiting ring (705), wherein the double-layer positioning ring (701) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the first spring telescopic rod (601), the positioning ring (702) is fixedly connected to the bottom center of the double-layer positioning ring (701), a plurality of arc-shaped arms (703) are provided and are rotatably connected to the periphery of the double-layer positioning ring (701) through ear shafts, a plurality of second spring telescopic rods (704) are provided and are all connected to the periphery of the arc-shaped arm (703) and the double-layer positioning ring (701) through ear shafts, the limiting ring (705) is fixedly connected to the top center of the double-layer positioning ring (701), and the end of the puncture needle (10) slides through the limiting ring (705); The auxiliary rotation mechanism (9) comprises a lower mounting groove (901), an upper mounting cover (903), a first spur gear (905), a fourth motor (906) and a second spur gear (907); the lower mounting groove (901) is fixedly connected to a side portion of the linkage frame (6); the upper mounting cover (903) is located on the upper side of the lower mounting groove (901); mounting holes (902) are provided on both sides of the lower mounting groove (901); and both sides of the upper mounting cover (903) are fixedly A screw rod (904) is connected, the screw rod (904) is inserted into the corresponding mounting hole (902) and fixed by a nut, the first spur gear (905) is detachably connected between the lower mounting groove (901) and the upper mounting cover (903), the fourth motor (906) is fixedly connected to the lower side of the linkage frame (6), the second spur gear (907) is fixedly connected to the output end of the fourth motor (906), and the second spur gear (907) is meshed with the first spur gear (905); The angle adjustment mechanism (8) comprises a third motor (801), a worm (802), a worm wheel (803) and an extension arm (804); the third motor (801) is fixedly connected to the top of the protective shell (5); the worm (802) is located in the protective shell (5) and fixedly connected to the output end of the third motor (801); the worm wheel (803) is rotatably connected between the inner walls of the protective shell (5); the worm (802) and the worm wheel (803) are meshed; the extension arm (804) is fixedly connected to the axis of the worm wheel (803); and the lower end of the extension arm (804) is fixedly connected to the linkage frame (6).

2. A bone marrow puncture auxiliary device for hematology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower mounting groove (901), the upper mounting cover (903), the double-layer positioning ring (701) and the positioning ring (702) are all concentric structures; the puncture portion of the puncture needle (10) is inserted into the limiting ring (705) from the lower mounting groove (901), and the extraction portion of the puncture needle (10) is located between the lower mounting groove (901) and the upper mounting cover (903).

3. A bone marrow puncture auxiliary device for hematology according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first spur gear (905) is sleeved on the surface of the extraction portion of the puncture needle (10); shaft rotating parts (9051) are provided on the upper and lower sides of the first spur gear (905); grooves cooperating with the shaft rotating parts (9051) are provided on the sides of the lower mounting groove (901) and the upper mounting cover (903) close to each other; the first spur gear (905) is rotatably connected between the lower mounting groove (901) and the upper mounting cover (903) by providing the shaft rotating parts (9051).

4. A bone marrow puncture auxiliary device for hematology according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lateral displacement mechanism (2) comprises a first motor (201), two bearing frames (202), a first ball screw (203), a first screw sleeve (204), a first straight rod (205) and a first sliding sleeve (206); the first motor (201) and the two bearing frames (202) are fixedly connected to the top of the workbench (1); the first ball screw (203) is rotatably connected between the two bearing frames (202); the output end of the first motor (201) is fixedly connected to the first straight rod (205); The first ball screw (203) is threadedly connected to the circumferential surface of the first ball screw (203), the first straight rod (205) is fixedly connected between the two bearing frames (202), the first sliding sleeve (206) is slidably connected to the circumferential surface of the first straight rod (205), the first sliding sleeve (206) is fixedly connected to the side of the first ball screw sleeve (204), and the extension frame (3) is fixedly connected to the top of the first ball screw sleeve (204).

5. A bone marrow puncture auxiliary device for hematology according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lifting and displacement mechanism (4) comprises a second motor (401), a second ball screw (402), a second screw sleeve (403), a second straight rod (404) and a second sliding sleeve (405); the second motor (401) is fixedly connected to the top of the extension frame (3); the second ball screw (402) is rotatably connected between the upper and lower inner walls of the frame (301); the output end of the second motor (401) is fixedly connected to the second ball screw (402); the second screw sleeve (403) is threadedly connected to the circumferential surface of the second ball screw (402); the second straight rod (404) is fixedly connected between the upper and lower inner walls of the frame (301); the second sliding sleeve (405) is slidably connected to the circumferential surface of the second straight rod (404); and the second sliding sleeve (405) is fixedly connected between the protective shell (5) and the second screw sleeve (403).

6. A bone marrow puncture auxiliary device for hematology according to claim 5, characterized in that: An angle gauge (805) and two limit blocks (807) are provided on the side of the protective shell (5); the extension arm (804) is located between the two limit blocks (807); and an indication groove (806) is provided on the extension arm (804) near the angle gauge (805).

7. The auxiliary method of the bone marrow puncture auxiliary device for hematology according to claim 6, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Fixing the equipment: Install the support foot (11) on the surface of the bed guardrail, and tighten the screws to fix the position of the workbench (1), insert the puncture needle (10) from top to bottom into the lower mounting groove (901), sleeve the first straight gear (905) on the extraction part of the puncture needle (10), and then tighten the screws so that the extraction part of the puncture needle (10) is installed between the lower mounting groove (901) and the upper mounting cover (903); S2. Determine the location: Determine the location of the patient's puncture surgery, assist the patient to take the appropriate position, expose the puncture site and disinfect the skin; S3, moving position: then controlling the output end of the first motor (201) to drive the first ball screw (203) to rotate, the first ball screw (203) drives the first screw sleeve (204) to move horizontally, the extension frame (3) follows the first screw sleeve (204) to move linearly, and adjusting the overall position of the linkage frame (6), the auxiliary positioning mechanism (7) and the puncture needle (10) so that the puncture needle (10) is located on the upper side of the surgical position; S4, precise positioning; the output end of the second motor (401) is controlled to rotate, and the second ball screw (402) drives the second screw sleeve (403) to move downward, and the second sliding sleeve (405) and the protective shell (5) move downward accordingly, thereby driving the linkage frame (6), the auxiliary positioning mechanism (7), the auxiliary rotation mechanism (9) and the puncture needle (10) to move downward as a whole, and the surrounding arc-shaped arms (703) are pressed tightly around the surgical position of the patient under the elastic action of the second spring telescopic rod (704), so that the double-layer positioning ring (701) fits the surface of the patient's skin, and then the second motor (401) is stopped and the position of the positioning ring (702) is observed, and the moving positioning ring (702) is adjusted again according to step S3 to ensure that the positioning ring (702) is located on the upper side of the surgical position, so as to accurately locate the surgical position of the patient; S5, auxiliary puncture: after ensuring that the positioning ring (702) is located at the precise surgical position, the second motor (401) is used to control the protective shell (5) and the linkage frame (6) to move downward again. The double-layer positioning ring (701) has already been in contact with the patient's skin surface and cannot move downward. Due to the retractable design of the first spring telescopic rod (601), the linkage frame (6), the auxiliary rotating mechanism (9) and the puncture needle (10) are moved downward again. The puncture portion of the puncture needle (10) passes through the positioning ring (702) and enters the patient's body to perform the puncture operation. The output end of the fourth motor (906) is controlled to drive the second spur gear (907) to rotate. The second spur gear (907) drives the first spur gear (905) to rotate, and finally drives the puncture needle (10) to rotate, so that the puncture needle (10) can quickly puncture the bone, achieve high-precision speed and position control, and ensure that the puncture needle can accurately enter the bone marrow cavity according to the predetermined path and depth; S6. Extracting samples: After the puncture needle (10) passes through the bone marrow cavity, the inner core of the puncture needle (10) is removed, and then a dry syringe is connected to extract an appropriate amount of bone marrow fluid, and a smear is quickly made and sent for inspection. Finally, the puncture needle (10) is controlled by the lifting and displacement mechanism (4) to return to its original position, and the medical staff disinfects the patient's wound, completing the automated puncture operation.

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