Additive manufacturing method and device based on blue light-optical fiber composite laser

Abstract

The invention discloses an additive manufacturing method and device based on blue light-optical fiber composite laser. The method comprises the steps that a substrate with an additive face is provided; an additive light spot and a preheating light spot which are sequentially distributed in the additive direction are formed on the additive face of the substrate, the additive light spot comprises a blue light spot and an optical fiber laser light spot which are compounded, the blue light spot is round or annular, and the optical fiber laser light spot is round or annular; and the material adding light spot and the preheating light spot are controlled to move in the material adding direction, the preheating light spot heats the material adding face, the material adding light spot melts the welding wire to conduct directional layer-by-layer deposition so as to form a copper or copper alloy blank, and the welding wire is made of copper or copper alloy. The substrate or the deposition body is preheated through the preheating light spot, so that the deposition body is kept at a proper interlayer temperature, the welding wire is molten by adopting blue light-optical fiber composite laser, the absorption rate of the welding wire containing copper or copper alloy to a laser heat source is improved, the melting efficiency of the welding wire is higher, the energy loss is reduced, and the additive efficiency of copper and copper alloy is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of laser technology, and in particular to an additive manufacturing device method and apparatus based on blue light-fiber composite laser. Background Art

[0002] In the current industrial field, the large amount of heat generated by the operation of equipment needs to be effectively dissipated by copper heat sinks with good thermal conductivity. At the same time, in order to increase the specific surface area of ​​copper heat sinks, the structure of copper heat sinks is becoming more and more complex, and the difficulty of using traditional processing methods is increasing, and the demand for copper additive manufacturing technology is increasing.

[0003] In the existing copper and copper alloy additive technology, laser sintering is mainly used to form copper parts, especially copper heat sinks with complex structures. However, this additive manufacturing process has a low utilization rate of copper powder. At the same time, due to the low absorption rate of copper to fiber laser, the laser energy capacity is very low, which leads to the problem of high processing cost of copper parts. Summary of the invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide an additive manufacturing device method and apparatus based on a blue light-fiber composite laser, which aims to solve the problem that the existing additive manufacturing process of sintering copper powder by laser has a low utilization rate of copper powder, resulting in high processing costs of copper parts.

[0005] The present application also provides an additive manufacturing method based on a blue light-fiber composite laser, the method comprising:

[0006] Providing a substrate, the substrate comprising an additive surface that can be used for additive manufacturing;

[0007] An additive light spot and a preheating light spot are formed on the additive surface of the substrate and are sequentially distributed along the additive direction, wherein the additive light spot comprises a composite blue light spot and a fiber laser light spot, wherein the blue light spot is circular or annular in shape, and the fiber laser light spot is circular or annular in shape;

[0008] The additive light spot and the preheating light spot are controlled to move along the additive direction, and welding wire is provided to the additive light spot, so that the welding wire is deposited layer by layer in a directionally controlled manner to form a copper or copper alloy blank, wherein the material of the welding wire includes copper or copper alloy.

[0009] In some embodiments, the method further comprises:

[0010] The additive light spot and the preheating light spot are controlled to swing in a direction perpendicular to the additive direction.

[0011] In some embodiments, the swing trajectory of the additive light spot is a rectangular wave, and the swing trajectory of the preheating light spot is a sine wave or a cosine wave.

[0012] In some embodiments, the swing amplitudes of the additive light spot and the preheating light spot are substantially the same; and the swing periods of the additive light spot and the preheating light spot are substantially the same.

[0013] In some embodiments, the preheating spot includes a composite blue light spot and a fiber laser spot, and the shape of the preheating spot is a rectangular spot.

[0014] In some embodiments, the power of the blue light spot is 500W to 4000W, and the power of the fiber laser spot is 500W to 10000W; the speed at which the additive spot and the preheating spot move along the additive direction is 300mm / s to 600mm / s.

[0015] In some embodiments, the method further comprises:

[0016] detecting the temperature of the portion of the additive surface or the deposited body of the welding wire located between the preheating spot and the preheating spot to obtain a preheating temperature;

[0017] The power of the preheating light spot is adjusted according to the preheating temperature so that the preheating temperature is within a preset temperature range.

[0018] In some embodiments, adjusting the power of the preheating light spot according to the preheating temperature so that the preheating temperature is within a preset temperature range includes:

[0019] comparing the preheating temperature with the preset temperature range value;

[0020] If the preset temperature is lower than the preset temperature range, the power of the preheating spot is increased; if the preset temperature is higher than the preset temperature range, the power of the preheating spot is reduced.

[0021] The embodiment of the present application also provides an additive manufacturing device based on a blue light-fiber composite laser, comprising:

[0022] A laser emitting assembly, used for emitting an additive laser and a preheating laser toward an additive surface of a substrate, so as to form an additive light spot and a preheating light spot sequentially distributed along an additive direction on the additive surface, wherein the additive light spot comprises a composite blue light spot and a fiber laser light spot, wherein the blue light spot is circular or annular in shape, and the fiber laser light spot is circular or annular in shape;

[0023] A moving assembly connected to the laser emitting assembly and used to drive the laser emitting assembly to move so that the additive light spot and the preheating light spot move along the additive direction;

[0024] A wire feeding assembly is used to provide welding wire to the additive spot, so that the welding wire is directionally deposited layer by layer to form a copper or copper alloy blank, and the material of the welding wire includes copper or copper alloy.

[0025] In some embodiments, a temperature detection component and a controller are further included, wherein the temperature detection component and the laser emission component are electrically connected to the controller respectively, and the temperature detection component is used to detect the preheating temperature of the portion of the additive surface or the deposited body of the welding wire located between the preheating spot and the preheating spot, and output a corresponding temperature signal to the controller;

[0026] The controller is used to receive the temperature signal and control the laser emitting component to adjust the power of the preheating spot according to the temperature signal.

[0027] The additive manufacturing method based on blue light-fiber composite laser provided in the embodiment of the present application forms an additive spot and a preheating spot distributed in sequence along the additive direction on the additive surface of the substrate, the preheating spot preheats the substrate or the deposited body along the additive direction in the front, and the additive spot is deposited along the additive direction in the back, the additive spot includes a composite blue light spot and a fiber laser spot, and the blue light spot and the fiber laser spot are circular or annular in shape, when a welding wire including copper or copper alloy is provided to the additive spot, the welding wire can be melted faster by the additive spot, and internal quality defects, residual stress of the structure are reduced, surface accuracy is improved, and laser loss is reduced. Moreover, since the additive spot uses a composite blue light spot and a fiber laser spot, the additive spot can have a higher power while increasing the absorption rate of the welding wire including copper or copper alloy to the additive spot, thereby further improving the melting efficiency of the welding wire.

[0028] In addition, compared with the existing additive manufacturing method of melting copper powder by laser, the additive manufacturing method based on blue light-fiber composite laser provided in the embodiment of the present application has a higher utilization rate of welding wire, which is beneficial to reducing the processing cost of copper parts. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] The technical solution and other beneficial effects of the present application will be made apparent by describing in detail the specific implementation methods of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0030] Figure 1 A flow chart of an embodiment of an additive manufacturing method based on blue light-fiber composite laser provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figures 2 to 5 Schematic diagrams of four different embodiments of additive light spots provided in the embodiments of the present application;

[0032] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the movement trajectory of the additive light spot and the preheating light spot provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 7 A schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an additive manufacturing device based on blue light-fiber composite laser provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0034] Additive manufacturing device 200 based on blue light-fiber composite laser; substrate 210; additive surface 211; laser emitting assembly 220; additive laser 221; additive spot 2211; blue light spot 2212; fiber laser spot 2213; preheating laser 222; preheating spot 2221; welding wire 230. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0036] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0037] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or mutual communication; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0038] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0039] The disclosure below provides many different embodiments or examples to realize the different structures of the present application. In order to simplify the disclosure of the present application, the parts and settings of specific examples are described below. Of course, they are only examples, and the purpose is not to limit the present application. In addition, the present application can repeat reference numbers and / or reference letters in different examples, and this repetition is for the purpose of simplification and clarity, which itself does not indicate the relationship between the various embodiments and / or settings discussed. In addition, the present application provides various specific processes and examples of materials, but those of ordinary skill in the art can appreciate the application of other processes and / or the use of other materials.

[0040] The embodiments of the present application provide a method and device for additive manufacturing based on a blue light-fiber composite laser, which are described in detail below.

[0041] First, the present application provides an additive manufacturing method based on blue light-fiber composite laser. Figure 1 As shown, the additive manufacturing method based on blue light-fiber composite laser may include steps S110 to S130, which are described in detail as follows:

[0042] S110 , providing a substrate 210 , wherein the substrate 210 includes an additive surface 211 that can be used for additive manufacturing.

[0043] The additive surface 211 of the substrate 210 is a base surface for additively forming an additive component and is used to support the additive component. After the additive blank is manufactured, the additive blank needs to be separated from the substrate 210.

[0044] S120. An additive spot 2211 and a preheating spot 2221 are formed on the additive surface 211 of the substrate 210 and are sequentially distributed along the additive direction. The additive spot 2211 includes a composite blue light spot 2212 and a fiber laser spot 2213. The blue light spot 2212 is circular or annular in shape, and the fiber laser spot 2213 is circular or annular in shape.

[0045] Among them, the preheating spot 2221 is used to preheat the additive surface 211 of the substrate 210 or the deposited body in the process of forming the additive component, and the additive spot 2211 is used to melt the material for additive. The wavelength of the blue light spot 2212 can be 400-500nm to increase the absorption rate of the welding wire 230 containing copper or copper alloy to the blue light spot 2212, thereby improving the melting efficiency of the welding wire 230. On this basis, by combining the blue light spot 2212 with the fiber laser spot 2213 to form the additive spot 2211, the power of the additive spot 2211 can be increased, thereby further improving the melting efficiency of the welding wire 230.

[0046] In some embodiments, the power of the blue light spot 2212 can be 500W to 4000W, and the power of the fiber laser spot 2213 can be 500W to 10000W, so that the additive spot 2211 formed by the blue light spot 2212 and the fiber laser spot 2213 has a higher power, and the welding wire 230 has a higher absorption rate to the additive spot 2211, so as to achieve rapid melting of the welding wire 230.

[0047] It should be noted that the composite blue light spot 2212 and the fiber laser light spot 2213 can be completely coaxial or non-coaxial. Figure 2 As shown, when the blue light spot 2212 and the fiber laser spot 2213 are both circular in shape, the blue light spot 2212 and the fiber laser spot 2213 can be coaxial or non-coaxial, and the blue light spot 2212 and the fiber laser spot 2213 only need to overlap. Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, when one of the blue light spot 2212 and the fiber laser light spot 2213 is circular and the other is annular, the circular light spot can be located inside the annular light spot, and the annular light spot and the circular light spot can be coaxial or not. Figure 5 As shown, when the blue light spot 2212 and the fiber laser spot 2213 are both annular, the two annular spots can be coaxial or non-coaxial, and one of the annular spots is located inside the other annular spot.

[0048] Among them, when the blue light spot 2212 and the fiber laser spot 2213 are circular spots, the diameter of the circular spots can be made into 0.2mm~2.0mm, and when the blue light spot 2212 and the fiber laser spot 2213 are annular spots, the diameter of the annular spots can be made into 0.5mm~2.0mm.

[0049] S130, controlling the additive spot 2211 and the preheating spot 2221 to move along the additive direction, and providing the welding wire 230 to the additive spot 2211, so that the welding wire 230 is directionally deposited layer by layer to form a copper or copper alloy blank, and the material of the welding wire 230 includes copper or copper alloy.

[0050] The additive manufacturing method based on blue light-fiber composite laser provided in the embodiment of the present application forms an additive light spot 2211 and a preheating light spot 2221 distributed in sequence along the additive direction on the additive surface 211 of the substrate 210, wherein the preheating light spot 2221 preheats the substrate 210 or the deposited body along the additive direction in the front, and the additive light spot 2211 is deposited along the additive direction in the back, and the additive light spot 2211 includes a composite blue light spot 2212 and a fiber laser spot 2213, and the blue light spot 2212 and the fiber laser spot 2213 are respectively 3 is circular or annular in shape. When the additive spot 2211 and the preheating spot 2221 are controlled to move in the additive direction and the welding wire 230 including copper or copper alloy is provided to the additive spot 2211, the additive surface 211 of the substrate 210 or the deposited body formed by the welding wire 230 melted by the additive spot 2211 can be preheated by the preheating spot 2221, so that the welding wire 230 can be melted faster by the additive spot 2211, and the internal quality defects, the residual stress of the structure, the surface accuracy, and the laser loss can be effectively reduced. Moreover, since the additive spot 2211 adopts the composite blue light spot 2212 and the fiber laser spot 2213, the additive spot 2211 can have a higher power while improving the absorption rate of the welding wire 230 including copper or copper alloy to the additive spot 2211, thereby further improving the melting efficiency of the welding wire 230.

[0051] In addition, compared with the existing additive manufacturing method of melting copper powder by laser, the additive manufacturing method based on blue light-fiber composite laser provided in the embodiment of the present application has a utilization rate of the welding wire 230 close to 100%, which is high and is conducive to reducing the processing cost of copper parts.

[0052] In some embodiments, the additive manufacturing method based on the blue light-fiber composite laser may further include: controlling the additive light spot 2211 and the preheating light spot 2221 to swing in a direction perpendicular to the additive direction. By controlling the additive light spot 2211 and the preheating light spot 2221 to swing in a direction perpendicular to the additive direction, the additive efficiency can be improved, the heat loss can be reduced, and the additive efficiency can be improved.

[0053] Among them, Figure 6 As shown, the swing trajectory of the additive light spot 2211 can be made into a rectangular wave, so that the surface of the copper material part formed by the additive is smoother. In addition, the swing trajectory of the preheating light spot 2221 can be made into a sine wave or a cosine wave, so that the preheating light spot 2221 has a better preheating effect on the additive surface 211 or the deposited body.

[0054] In some embodiments, the preheating spot 2221 can be a rectangular spot, so that when the preheating spot 2221 moves along a rectangular wave oscillating trajectory, the additive surface 211 of the substrate 210 or the deposited body can be preheated more evenly.

[0055] In some embodiments, the swing amplitudes of the additive light spot 2211 and the preheating light spot 2221 can be made substantially the same, so that the preheating area of ​​the preheating light spot 2221 is substantially consistent with the moving area of ​​the additive light spot 2211, so as to fully preheat the area where the deposited body is formed.

[0056] In some embodiments, the oscillation periods of the additive light spot 2211 and the preheating light spot 2221 can be made substantially the same, that is, the wavelengths of the oscillation trajectory of the additive light spot 2211 and the oscillation trajectory of the preheating light spot 2221 are substantially the same, so that during the movement of the additive light spot 2211 and the preheating light spot 2221, the distance in the additive direction is substantially consistent, thereby keeping the preheating effect of the preheating light spot 2221 stable, which is beneficial to improving the additive quality.

[0057] In some embodiments, the preheating spot 2221 can be a spot formed by combining a blue light spot and a fiber laser spot, that is, the preheating spot 2221 includes a matching blue light spot and a fiber laser spot to further improve the preheating effect of the preheating spot 2221. Specifically, the size of the rectangular preheating spot 2221 can be 10mm*50mm, the blue laser power can be 500W~4000W, and the fiber laser power can be 500W~10000W. The composite laser of the blue laser and the fiber laser can be passed through a broadband heating laser head to output a rectangular spot.

[0058] The additive manufacturing method based on blue light-fiber composite laser provided in the embodiment of the present application performs laser fuse deposition layer by layer on the substrate 210, and finally forms the target part blank. The additive direction of each layer of deposition is planned, including the preheating spot 2221 in front and the additive spot 2211 in the back, so as to realize the simultaneous preheating and additive processes. The blue light-fiber composite laser is used for preheating, the temperature of the deposited body is detected, and the power of the preheating spot 2221 is changed to achieve the consistency of the preheating temperature. The blue light spot and the fiber laser spot with different spot shapes are combined for additive, and copper or copper alloy welding wire is provided into the additive spot 2211 to realize the directional laser additive of copper and copper alloy wire. The use of composite laser can improve the absorption rate of copper or copper alloy to laser, thereby increasing the deposition efficiency of copper welding wire additive, effectively reducing internal quality defects, reducing the residual stress of the structure, improving the surface accuracy, and reducing laser loss.

[0059] In some embodiments, the additive manufacturing method based on blue light-fiber composite laser may further include step S140 and step S150, which are described in detail as follows:

[0060] S140, detecting the temperature of the portion of the additive surface 211 or the deposited body of the welding wire 230 located between the preheating spot 2221 and the preheating spot 2221 to obtain the preheating temperature.

[0061] The temperature of the portion of the deposited body of the additive surface 211 or the welding wire 230 located between the preheating spot 2221 and the preheating spot 2221 can be detected by a temperature sensor. The temperature sensor can be an infrared sensor or other sensor capable of detecting the temperature of the portion of the deposited body of the additive surface 211 or the welding wire 230 located between the preheating spot 2221 and the preheating spot 2221, which is not limited here.

[0062] S150, adjusting the power of the preheating light spot 2221 according to the preheating temperature so that the preheating temperature is within a preset temperature range.

[0063] By detecting the preheating temperature of the portion of the additive surface 211 or the deposited body of the welding wire 230 located between the preheating spot 2221 and the preheating spot 2221, it is possible to determine whether the temperature of the portion of the additive surface 211 or the deposited body of the welding wire 230 located between the preheating spot 2221 and the preheating spot 2221 is appropriate, and adjust the power of the preheating spot 2221 according to the preheating temperature so that the preheating temperature is within a preset temperature range, which is beneficial to improving the stability of additive work on the additive surface 211 or the deposited body between the preheating spot 2221 and the preheating spot 2221.

[0064] It should be noted that the preset temperature range value is a predetermined range value, which can be verified by experiments or other methods. Depending on the size, shape, moving speed, power of the additive spot 2211 and the preheating spot 2221, as well as the material and size of the welding wire 230, the preset temperature range value may also be different. In some embodiments, the preset temperature range value can be 200°C to 250°C.

[0065] The power of the preheating light spot 2221 is adjusted according to the preheating temperature so that the preheating temperature is within a preset temperature range, which may include step S151 and step S152, as described in detail as follows:

[0066] S151, comparing the preheating temperature with a preset temperature range value.

[0067] The control module may receive the preheating temperature detected by the temperature sensor and compare the preheating temperature with a preset temperature range value, thereby determining the magnitude relationship between the preset temperature and the preset temperature range value.

[0068] S152 , if the preset temperature is lower than the preset temperature range value, increase the power of the preheating light spot 2221 ; if the preset temperature is higher than the preset temperature range value, reduce the power of the preheating light spot 2221 .

[0069] When the preset temperature is lower than the preset temperature range value, the preheating temperature can be increased by increasing the power of the preheating spot 2221, so that the preheating temperature rises to the preset temperature range value. When the preset temperature is higher than the preset temperature range value, the preheating temperature can be reduced by reducing the power of the preheating spot 2221, so that the preheating temperature is reduced to the preset temperature range value.

[0070] In some embodiments, the material of the welding wire 230 can be pure copper (Cu≥95%), tin bronze (Sn3.5%-6%, Pb≤2.0%, Fe≤0.05%, the balance is Cu), silicon bronze (Si1.0%-4.5%, Pb≤2.0%, Fe≤0.05%, Mn0.3%-1.2%, the balance is Cu), aluminum bronze (Al10%-13%, Fe4.0%-6.0%, Pb≤2.0%, the balance is Cu). The diameter of the welding wire 230 can be 1.0mm, 1.2mm, 1.6mm.

[0071] In some embodiments, different wire feeding methods can be selected according to the shape of the additive spot 2211. For example, when one of the blue light spot 2212 and the fiber laser spot 2213 is circular, side wire feeding can be selected. When the blue light spot 2212 and the fiber laser spot 2213 are both annular, in-beam wire feeding can be selected.

[0072] In some embodiments, the three-dimensional model of the structural part can be preprocessed according to the existing process database, the processing allowance can be increased, the holes, holes, sharp corners and other structures can be removed, and the additive model can be generated. Then the additive model is layered and sliced, the deposition trajectory is planned, the heating trajectory is planned, and the relevant trajectory program is output. The interlayer height is 1.5mm~3mm, the path is preferably serpentine reciprocating, the trajectory spacing is 1mm~3mm, and the deposition speed is 10mm / s~30mm / s. At the same time, the laser preheating path is consistent with the additive path direction, and the waveform adopts a sine waveform, which is different from the rectangular waveform of the additive deposition path. At the same time, the waveform width and spacing value of the heating path are the same as the deposition path, where the width of the additive sample is the waveform width, the preheating trajectory spacing is 1mm~3mm, and the moving speed is 10mm / s~30mm / s.

[0073] In some embodiments, before additive manufacturing, a composite laser can be used to clean the substrate 210 using a galvanometer platform, wherein a point-shaped composite laser is used, the blue laser power is 500W to 4000W, the fiber laser power is 500W to 10000W, the laser speed is 300mm / s to 600mm / s, and the scanning line segment gap is 0.1mm to 1mm.

[0074] In some embodiments, additive manufacturing can be performed according to a predetermined trajectory program, wherein the wire feeding speed is 4 m / min to 10 m / min, the additive speed is 10 mm / s to 30 mm / s, the blue laser power is 500 W to 4000 W, and the fiber laser power is 1000 W to 10000 W.

[0075] In some embodiments, an inert gas may be used as the protective gas, wherein the gas composition is 60-90% argon and 10-40% helium.

[0076] The following is an example of additive manufacturing of tin bronze wire based on blue light-fiber composite laser:

[0077] 1. According to the material composition requirements of tin bronze structural parts, select the corresponding wire material, the content of the main chemical elements should meet the requirements, the wire diameter is 1.2mm, the packaging is good, and there is no obvious oxide and impurities on the surface;

[0078] Main material composition (mass fraction): Sn4.6%, Pb1.2%, Fe0.02%, and the balance is Cu;

[0079] The corresponding deposition substrate 210 is preferably made of tin bronze.

[0080] 2. By matching the optical paths of blue laser and fiber laser, composite light spots of different shapes can be formed. In this example, the light spots used are annular blue laser + point-shaped fiber laser, and the wire feeding is lateral wire feeding.

[0081] The spot size of the composite laser is 1 mm, and the annular spot size is 2 mm.

[0082] 3. Preprocess the three-dimensional model of the target tin bronze structural part to generate an additive model, and use additive processing software to perform layered slicing with a layer height of 2 mm. Plan the deposition path for each layer of slices, and the path is preferably a serpentine reciprocating path with a reciprocating spacing of 2.4 mm. At the same time, the paths of adjacent layer slices need to be staggered with a staggered distance of 1.2 mm. Plan the laser heating path for each layer, and the heating path is consistent with the additive path direction, but with different waveforms.

[0083] Among them, the interlayer heating path (i.e., heating the deposited body) adopts a sinusoidal waveform, which is different from the rectangular waveform of the additive deposition path. At the same time, the waveform width and spacing value of the heating path are the same as those of the deposition path. The width of the additive sample is the waveform width, and the spacing value is the serpentine reciprocating spacing of 1.2mm in the deposition path, so that the heating laser heats the substrate 210 or the previous layer of the deposited body in front. When the heating temperature reaches the requirement, the additive laser 221 starts to work at the back, and the two laser beams move and work at the same time.

[0084] The planned path program is imported into two robot control systems, with robot A controlling the laser heating component and robot B controlling the laser additive component, for trajectory verification.

[0085] 4. Fix the substrate 210 on the workbench and use a composite laser to clean the substrate 210. Use a galvanometer platform, where a point-shaped composite laser is used, the blue laser power is 500W, the fiber laser power is 1000W, the laser speed is 300mm / s, and the scanning line segment gap is 0.2mm. After cleaning, wipe it with a sickness and air dry it.

[0086] 5. Preheat the substrate 210 by using a composite laser. Robot A controls the laser heating component to heat the substrate 210 according to a planned heating path, and controls the preheating temperature to be 200°C to 250°C.

[0087] The composite light source is passed through a broadband heating laser head to output a rectangular spot to heat the copper material. The rectangular spot size is 10mm*50mm, the blue laser power is 2000W, the fiber laser power is 8000W, and the laser moving speed is 10mm / s.

[0088] 6. After the temperature reaches the requirement, dual composite laser heating + additive manufacturing starts. Robot A controls the laser heating component to work in the front and execute the heating trajectory; robot B controls the laser additive manufacturing component to work in the back and execute the additive manufacturing trajectory.

[0089] 7. Robot A performs laser heating, passing the composite light source through a broadband heating laser head to output a rectangular spot to heat the copper material. The rectangular spot size is 10mm*50mm, the blue laser power is 500W~4000W, the fiber laser power is 500W~10000W, and the laser speed is 20mm / s, preheating the substrate 210 to 200℃~250℃. In this process, a temperature sensor is used to monitor the temperature of the deposited body in real time, and the heating laser power is adjusted according to the detection results.

[0090] 8. Robot B performs laser additive, adding material layer by layer according to the trajectory program. Additive parameters include: protective gas is 70% argon, 30% helium, gas flow rate is 24L / min; wire feeding speed is 5m / min, additive speed is 20mm / s, blue laser power is 1000W, and fiber laser power is 5000W.

[0091] 9. The additive manufacturing process is completed and the additive blank is completed.

[0092] In order to better implement the additive manufacturing method based on blue light-fiber composite laser in the embodiment of the present application, the embodiment of the present application also provides an additive manufacturing device based on blue light-fiber composite laser. Figure 7 As shown, an additive manufacturing device 200 based on a blue light-fiber composite laser may include a laser emitting assembly 220, a moving assembly and a wire feeding assembly, wherein the laser emitting assembly 220 is used to emit an additive laser 221 and a preheating laser 222 to an additive surface 211, so as to form an additive spot 2211 and a preheating spot 2221 sequentially distributed along an additive direction on the additive surface 211, the additive spot 2211 includes a composite blue light spot 2212 and a fiber laser spot 2213, the blue light spot 2212 is circular or annular in shape, and the fiber laser spot 2213 is circular or annular in shape; the moving assembly is connected to the laser emitting assembly 220, and is used to drive the laser emitting assembly 220 to move, so that the additive spot 2211 and the preheating spot 2221 move along the additive direction; the wire feeding assembly is used to provide welding wire 230 to the additive spot 2211, and the material of the welding wire 230 includes copper or copper alloy.

[0093] In some embodiments, the additive manufacturing device 200 based on blue light-fiber composite laser can also include a temperature detection component and a controller. The temperature detection component and the laser emission component 220 are electrically connected to the controller respectively. The temperature detection component is used to detect the preheating temperature of the portion of the deposited body of the additive surface 211 or the welding wire 230 located between the preheating spot 2221 and the preheating spot 2221, and output a corresponding temperature signal to the controller; the controller is used to receive the temperature signal and control the laser emission component 220 to adjust the power of the preheating spot 2221 according to the temperature signal so that the preheating temperature is within a preset temperature range.

[0094] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0095] The above is a detailed introduction to an additive manufacturing device method and device based on blue light-fiber composite laser provided in the embodiments of the present application. Specific examples are used in this article to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the technical solution and its core idea of ​​the present application; ordinary technicians in this field should understand that: they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some of the technical features therein with equivalents; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. An additive manufacturing method based on blue light-fiber composite laser, characterized in that: The method comprises: Providing a substrate, the substrate comprising an additive surface that can be used for additive manufacturing; An additive light spot and a preheating light spot are formed on the additive surface of the substrate and are sequentially distributed along the additive direction, wherein the additive light spot comprises a composite blue light spot and a fiber laser light spot, wherein the blue light spot is circular or annular in shape, and the fiber laser light spot is circular or annular in shape; The additive light spot and the preheating light spot are controlled to move along the additive direction, and welding wire is provided to the additive light spot, so that the welding wire is deposited layer by layer in a directionally controlled manner to form a copper or copper alloy blank, wherein the material of the welding wire includes copper or copper alloy.

2. The additive manufacturing method based on blue light-fiber composite laser according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method further comprises: The additive light spot and the preheating light spot are controlled to swing in a direction perpendicular to the additive direction.

3. The additive manufacturing method based on blue light-fiber composite laser according to claim 2, characterized in that: The swing trajectory of the additive light spot is a rectangular wave, and the swing trajectory of the preheating light spot is a sine wave or a cosine wave.

4. The additive manufacturing method based on blue light-fiber composite laser according to claim 3, characterized in that: The swing amplitudes of the additive light spot and the preheating light spot are substantially the same; the swing periods of the additive light spot and the preheating light spot are substantially the same.

5. The additive manufacturing method based on blue light-fiber composite laser according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preheating light spot includes a composite blue light spot and a fiber laser light spot, and the shape of the preheating light spot is a rectangular light spot.

6. The additive manufacturing method based on blue light-fiber composite laser according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power of the blue light spot is 500W to 4000W, and the power of the fiber laser spot is 500W to 10000W; the speed at which the additive spot and the preheating spot move along the additive direction is 300mm / s to 600mm / s.

7. The blue light-fiber composite laser additive manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The method further comprises: detecting the temperature of the portion of the additive surface or the deposited body of the welding wire located between the preheating spot and the preheating spot to obtain a preheating temperature; The power of the preheating light spot is adjusted according to the preheating temperature so that the preheating temperature is within a preset temperature range.

8. The method for additive manufacturing of blue light-fiber composite laser according to claim 7, characterized in that: The step of adjusting the power of the preheating light spot according to the preheating temperature so that the preheating temperature is within a preset temperature range includes: comparing the preheating temperature with the preset temperature range value; If the preset temperature is lower than the preset temperature range, the power of the preheating spot is increased; if the preset temperature is higher than the preset temperature range, the power of the preheating spot is reduced.

9. An additive manufacturing device based on blue light-fiber composite laser, characterized in that: include: A laser emitting assembly, used for emitting an additive laser and a preheating laser toward an additive surface of a substrate, so as to form an additive light spot and a preheating light spot sequentially distributed along an additive direction on the additive surface, wherein the additive light spot comprises a composite blue light spot and a fiber laser light spot, wherein the blue light spot is circular or annular in shape, and the fiber laser light spot is circular or annular in shape; A moving assembly connected to the laser emitting assembly and used to drive the laser emitting assembly to move so that the additive light spot and the preheating light spot move along the additive direction; A wire feeding assembly is used to provide welding wire to the additive spot, so that the welding wire is directionally deposited layer by layer to form a copper or copper alloy blank, and the material of the welding wire includes copper or copper alloy.

10. The blue light-fiber composite laser additive manufacturing device according to claim 9, characterized in that: It also includes a temperature detection component and a controller, wherein the temperature detection component and the laser emission component are electrically connected to the controller respectively, and the temperature detection component is used to detect the preheating temperature of the portion of the additive surface or the deposited body of the welding wire located between the preheating spot and the preheating spot, and output a corresponding temperature signal to the controller; The controller is used to receive the temperature signal and control the laser emitting component to adjust the power of the preheating spot according to the temperature signal.

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