Efficient machining method for automobile steering knuckle

Abstract

The invention discloses an efficient automobile steering knuckle machining method which comprises the steps that firstly, raw materials are detected, specifically, the raw materials are placed in the measuring range of a lossless sorter, the monitoring category of the lossless sorter comprises the steps that the surface hardening degree, cracks and the carbon content of the raw materials are analyzed and sorted, and qualified raw materials are screened out; 2, blank manufacturing, wherein the qualified raw materials in the step 1 are adopted to manufacture a blank of a steering knuckle body; 3, rod part machining is conducted, specifically, a lathe and a clamping mechanism are included, turning machining is conducted on an axle center hole of the steering knuckle body blank through the lathe, and during turning machining, the steering knuckle body blank is clamped through the clamping mechanism; according to the scheme, on the basis that the performance of the automobile steering knuckle is not affected, machining procedures are reduced, machining tables are integrated in the same equipment, movement of parts among all stations is reduced, participation of machining personnel is reduced, and therefore the effects of improving the machining efficiency and reducing the production cost are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of automobile parts, and in particular relates to a high-efficiency processing method for an automobile steering knuckle. Background Art

[0002] The steering knuckle is an important safety component of the car, and its safety characteristics are crucial to the driving stability and safety of the entire car. According to different uses and structures, the steering knuckle can be divided into two types: split type and integral type. The integral type is further divided into independent suspension steering knuckle and non-independent suspension steering knuckle. The steering knuckle (Steering Knuckle), also known as the "ram's horn", is one of the important parts in the steering axle of the car, which can make the car run stably and sensitively transmit the driving direction. The function of the steering knuckle is to transmit and bear the front load of the car, support and drive the front wheel to rotate around the kingpin to turn the car. When the car is driving, it is subjected to variable impact loads, so it is required to have high strength. The steering knuckle is also the hinge for wheel steering, generally in the shape of a fork. The upper and lower forks have two coaxial holes for installing the kingpin, and the steering knuckle journal is used to install the wheel. The two ears of the pin hole on the steering knuckle are connected to the fist-shaped parts at both ends of the front axle through the kingpin, so that the front wheel can deflect a certain angle around the kingpin to turn the car.

[0003] Chinese invention patent CN102091922B discloses a machining method for a non-driven axle steering knuckle of an automobile, and the steps are as follows: the first step is to punch the center hole of the shaft end; the second step is to rough the outer circle; the third step is to punch the center hole of the frame end; the fourth step is to drill the center hole of the shaft end again; the fifth step is to rough the kingpin hole; the sixth step is to grind the center hole; the seventh step is to semi-finish the outer circle of the shaft; the eighth step is to finish the outer circle of the shaft; the ninth step is to grind the outer circle of the shaft; the tenth step is to drill the bottom thread hole of the frame end; the eleventh step is to finish the kingpin hole and its end face; the twelfth step is to drill the bottom thread hole of the end face of the kingpin hole; the thirteenth step is to tap the thread; the fourteenth step is to mill the arc R; the fifteenth step is to mill the locking groove; the sixteenth step is to clean the parts for inspection and acceptance; the above scheme improves the product quality by improving the process in the machining process. However, this scheme has many processing procedures, resulting in a large number of people involved in the processing, and the actual processing efficiency is low.

[0004] Therefore, the present invention provides an efficient processing method for automobile steering knuckle to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned background technology. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the problems raised by the above background technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an efficient processing method for automobile steering knuckles, which can solve the problems that the current automobile steering knuckle processing procedures are numerous, resulting in a large number of participants and low processing efficiency.

[0006] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] An efficient processing method for an automobile steering knuckle comprises the following steps:

[0008] Step 1: Raw material testing: Place the raw materials into the measurement range of the non-destructive separator. The monitoring categories of the non-destructive separator include analyzing and sorting the surface hardening degree, cracks and carbon content of the raw materials to select qualified raw materials.

[0009] Step 2: blank manufacturing, using the qualified raw materials in step 1 to manufacture the blank of the steering knuckle body;

[0010] Step 3: Rod processing, including lathe and clamping mechanism, turning the axle center hole of the steering knuckle body blank by lathe, and clamping the steering knuckle body blank by clamping mechanism during turning;

[0011] Step 4: Processing the main pin hole, processing the main pin hole diameter and end surface of the blank of the steering knuckle body in step 3;

[0012] Step 5: Processing the first slot, the second slot and the third slot provided on the blank of the steering knuckle body;

[0013] Step 6: Grinding: Grinding the inner and outer diameters of the axle of the steering knuckle body blank;

[0014] Step 7: Thread processing: processing the internal threads of the first slot, the second slot and the third slot, and processing the external threads of the axle of the steering knuckle body blank.

[0015] It is further defined that the blank manufacturing method in step 2 includes forging and casting. With such a structural design, the material utilization rate of forging is higher and the forging quality is higher, while the efficiency of casting blanks is usually lower than forging, but the cost is better than forging. In actual production, it can be selected according to production needs.

[0016] It is further defined that the method steps for forging the blank in step 2 are as follows:

[0017] S100: The processing personnel shall clearly define the type, size, processing accuracy, shape, tolerance and radius of the blank;

[0018] S101: splitting, pulling, pre-forging and final forging of the blank;

[0019] S102: Check whether the blank is qualified, and proceed to the next step if it is qualified.

[0020] It is further defined that the forging method includes horizontal parting and vertical parting. The vertical parting adopts closed forging technology during pre-forging, adopts the method of positive extrusion of the shaft part and reverse extrusion of the fork parts on both sides, and finally forges to form and discharge excess metal. With such a structural design, the horizontal parting is a forging method with the center plane of the forging as the parting surface. Since the cross-sections of the support shaft part and the flange and fork frame part are quite different, the forging process is very complicated to reasonably distribute the blank. Even so, there will still be a large flash at the connection between the support shaft and the flange, and it will gradually decrease along the axial direction until the tail reaches the normal width. The material utilization rate of this forging method is low. The vertical parting method is based on the center plane of the flange, taking into account the fork cavities on both sides. This forging method can usually be more efficient during forging.

[0021] It is further defined that the blank in step 2 is made of alloy steel material, the total amount of alloy elements in the alloy steel is higher than 10%, and the alloy steel includes Cr12MoV, W18Cr4V, 20CrMnTi, 20CrMnMo, 40Cr and 40CrNiMo. Such a structural design enables the automobile steering knuckle to withstand greater stress and wear, and has high load and high wear resistance.

[0022] It is further defined that the processing method also includes flange processing and fork processing, the flange processing includes brake mounting hole processing, and the fork processing includes two pins and one side positioning. With such a structural design, the two pins and one side positioning method can limit all six degrees of freedom of the workpiece, thereby ensuring high-precision positioning of the workpiece during processing or assembly and reducing error accumulation; since all six degrees of freedom of the workpiece are limited, the workpiece is not easy to move or deform during processing or assembly, so it is widely used in the processing and assembly of high-precision parts.

[0023] It is further defined that the processing method adopts a double-exchange CNC rotary table, which includes a spindle, an exchange table, a tool system, a control system and a fixture structure. The exchange table is constructed by a turntable, and rollers and gears are used inside the turntable for transmission. With such a structural design, during the processing, the control system issues instructions to drive the exchange table to rotate to a specified position to realize automatic exchange of workpieces and fixtures. At the same time, the CNC system can also realize functions such as automatic tool change, positioning, and program switching to ensure the continuity and efficiency of the processing process.

[0024] It is further defined that the tool in the tool system adopts a thermal expansion tool holder.

[0025] It is further specified that the spindle speed of the dual-exchange CNC rotary table is not less than 1800r / min, the feed rate of the tool system is not less than 0.6mm / r, the control system is used to control the motion trajectory of the tool, the spindle speed and the feed rate of the tool, the time for turning a single workpiece is not higher than 30s, and also includes rough turning and fine turning, among which rough turning is not higher than 20s, and fine turning is not higher than 10s.

[0026] It is further defined that the main pin hole in step 4 is processed by using an A2J-PK785 front axle drill main hole vertical single-sided U-drill combination machine tool, and the cutting speed of the combination machine tool is not less than 100m / min, and the feed rate is not less than 0.3mm / r.

[0027] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0028] 1. The processing method of this scheme adopts a double-exchange CNC rotary table, which includes a spindle, an exchange table, a tool system, a control system and a fixture structure. During the processing, the control system issues instructions to drive the exchange table to rotate to a specified position to realize the automatic exchange of workpieces and fixtures. At the same time, the CNC system can also realize functions such as automatic tool change, positioning, and program switching to ensure the continuity and efficiency of the processing process.

[0029] 2. The prior art has complicated processing procedures for automobile steering knuckles, resulting in a large number of people involved in the processing and low actual processing efficiency. The present invention provides an efficient processing method for automobile steering knuckles, which reduces the processing procedures without affecting the performance of the automobile steering knuckle, integrates the processing table into the same equipment, reduces the movement of parts between various workstations, and reduces the participation of processing personnel, thereby improving processing efficiency and reducing production costs.

[0030] 3. The processing method of this scheme adopts two pins and one side positioning. The two pins and one side positioning method can limit all six degrees of freedom of the workpiece, thereby ensuring high-precision positioning of the workpiece during the processing or assembly process and reducing error accumulation; since all six degrees of freedom of the workpiece are limited, the workpiece is not easy to move or deform during the processing or assembly process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] The present invention can be further illustrated by the non-limiting examples given in the accompanying drawings;

[0032] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a method for efficiently processing a steering knuckle of an automobile according to the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a method for efficiently processing an automobile steering knuckle of the present invention.

[0034] The main component symbols are explained as follows: steering knuckle body 1, first slot hole 4, second slot hole 5, third slot hole 6, axle center hole 7. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] It should be noted that all directional indications in the embodiments of the present invention (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0037] In addition, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in the field to implement. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0038] Embodiment 1, as Figure 1 As shown, a highly efficient processing method for an automobile steering knuckle of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0039] Step 1: Raw material testing: Place the raw materials into the measurement range of the non-destructive separator. The monitoring categories of the non-destructive separator include analyzing and sorting the surface hardening degree, cracks and carbon content of the raw materials to select qualified raw materials.

[0040] Step 2: blank manufacturing, using the qualified raw materials in step 1 to manufacture the blank of the steering knuckle body 1;

[0041] Step 3: Rod processing, including lathe and clamping mechanism, turning the axle center hole 7 of the blank of the steering knuckle body 1 by the lathe, and clamping the blank of the steering knuckle body 1 by the clamping mechanism during the turning process;

[0042] Step 4: Processing the kingpin hole: processing the kingpin hole diameter and end surface of the blank of the steering knuckle body 1 in step 3;

[0043] Step 5: Processing the first slot 4, the second slot 5 and the third slot 6 provided on the blank of the steering knuckle body 1;

[0044] Step 6: Grinding: grinding the inner and outer diameters of the axle of the steering knuckle body 1 blank;

[0045] Step 7: Thread processing: processing the internal threads of the first slot hole 4, the second slot hole 5 and the third slot hole 6, and processing the external threads of the wheel axle of the steering knuckle body 1 blank.

[0046] Preferably, the blank manufacturing method in step 2 includes forging and casting. With such a structural design, forging has a higher material utilization rate and a higher forging quality, while the efficiency of casting blanks is usually lower than forging, but the cost is better than forging. In actual production, it can be selected according to production needs.

[0047] Preferably, the method steps for forging the blank in step 2 are as follows:

[0048] S100: The processing personnel shall clearly define the type, size, processing accuracy, shape, tolerance and radius of the blank;

[0049] S101: splitting, pulling, pre-forging and final forging of the blank;

[0050] S102: Check whether the blank is qualified, and proceed to the next step if it is qualified.

[0051] Preferably, the forging method includes horizontal parting and vertical parting. The vertical parting adopts closed forging technology during pre-forging, adopts the method of positive extrusion of the shaft part and reverse extrusion of the fork parts on both sides, and finally forms the final forging and discharges the excess metal. With such a structural design, the horizontal parting is a forging method with the center plane of the forging as the parting surface. Since the cross-sections of the support shaft part and the flange and fork frame part are quite different, the forging process is very complicated to reasonably distribute the blank. Even so, there will still be a large flash at the connection between the support shaft and the flange, and it will gradually decrease along the axial direction until the tail reaches the normal width. The material utilization rate of this forging method is low. The vertical parting method is based on the center plane of the flange, taking into account the fork cavities on both sides. This forging method can usually be more efficient during forging.

[0052] Preferably, the blank in step 2 is made of alloy steel, the total amount of alloy elements in the alloy steel is higher than 10%, and the alloy steel includes Cr12MoV, W18Cr4V, 20CrMnTi, 20CrMnMo, 40Cr and 40CrNiMo. Such a structural design enables the automobile steering knuckle to withstand greater stress and wear, and has high load and high wear resistance.

[0053] Preferably, the processing method further includes flange processing and fork processing, wherein the flange processing includes brake mounting hole processing, and the fork processing includes two pins and one side positioning. With such a structural design, the two pins and one side positioning method can limit all six degrees of freedom of the workpiece, thereby ensuring high-precision positioning of the workpiece during processing or assembly and reducing error accumulation; since all six degrees of freedom of the workpiece are limited, the workpiece is not easy to move or deform during processing or assembly, so it is widely used in the processing and assembly of high-precision parts.

[0054] Preferably, the processing method uses a double-exchange CNC rotary table, which includes a spindle, an exchange table, a tool system, a control system and a fixture structure. The exchange table is constructed of a turntable, and rollers and gears are used inside the turntable for transmission. With such a structural design, during the processing, the control system issues instructions to drive the exchange table to rotate to a specified position to achieve automatic exchange of workpieces and fixtures. At the same time, the CNC system can also realize functions such as automatic tool change, positioning, and program switching to ensure the continuity and efficiency of the processing process.

[0055] Preferably, the tool in the tool system adopts a thermal expansion tool holder.

[0056] Preferably, the spindle speed of the dual-exchange CNC rotary table is not less than 1800r / min, the feed rate of the tool system is not less than 0.6mm / r, the control system is used to control the motion trajectory of the tool, the spindle speed and the feed rate of the tool, and the time for turning a single workpiece is not higher than 30s, and also includes rough turning and fine turning, wherein the rough turning is not higher than 20s, and the fine turning is not higher than 10s.

[0057] Preferably, the main pin hole processing in step 4 adopts A2J-PK785 front axle drill main hole vertical single-sided U-drill combination machine tool, and the cutting speed of the combination machine tool is not less than 100m / min, and the feed rate is not less than 0.3mm / r.

[0058] The working principle of this embodiment is:

[0059] In the manufacturing process of automobile steering knuckle, it is necessary to first determine the type, size, processing accuracy, shape, tolerance and radius of the blank, and then split, pull, pre-forge and final forge the blank. The vertical parting method is used during forging to improve the forging efficiency. Cr12MoV is used for blank manufacturing. After that, a double-exchange CNC rotary table is used for further processing. The double-exchange CNC rotary table includes a spindle, a switching table, a tool system, a control system and a fixture structure. During the processing, the control system issues instructions to drive the switching table to rotate to the specified position to realize the automatic exchange of the workpiece and the fixture. The spindle speed of the double-exchange CNC rotary table is set to 1800r / min, the feed rate of the tool system is set to 0.6mm / r, and the time for turning a single workpiece is set to 30s, which also includes rough turning and fine turning, of which the rough turning is set to 20s and the fine turning is set to 10s. The cutting speed of the A2J-PK785 front axle drilling main hole vertical single-sided U drilling combination machine tool is set to 100m / min, and the feed rate is set to 0.3mm / r.

[0060] The invention provides an efficient processing method for automobile steering knuckles. On the basis of not affecting the performance of automobile steering knuckles, the processing procedures are reduced, the processing table is integrated into the same equipment, the movement of parts between various workstations is reduced, and the participation of processing personnel is reduced, thereby improving the processing efficiency and reducing the production cost. The processing method of this scheme adopts two pins and one side positioning. The two pins and one side positioning method can limit all six degrees of freedom of the workpiece, thereby ensuring high-precision positioning of the workpiece during processing or assembly, and reducing error accumulation; because all six degrees of freedom of the workpiece are limited, the workpiece is not easy to move or deform during processing or assembly.

[0061] Embodiment 2:

[0062] The similarities between this embodiment and the first embodiment are not repeated here. The difference is that the spindle speed of the double exchange CNC rotary table is set to 2000r / min, the feed rate of the tool system is set to 0.8mm / r, and the time for turning a single workpiece is set to 25s, including rough turning and fine turning, where the rough turning is set to 15s and the fine turning is set to 10s. The cutting speed of the A2J-PK785 front axle drilling main hole vertical single-sided U drilling combination machine tool is set to 120m / min, and the feed rate is set to 0.5mm / r.

[0063] Compared with the first embodiment, the processing efficiency of this embodiment is further improved, but the service life of some processing machinery will be sacrificed, and it is suitable for use in urgent situations.

[0064] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone familiar with the technology may modify or change the above embodiments without violating the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes made by those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field without departing from the spirit and technical ideas disclosed by the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An efficient processing method for automobile steering knuckle, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: Raw material testing: Place the raw materials into the measurement range of the non-destructive separator. The monitoring categories of the non-destructive separator include analyzing and sorting the surface hardening degree, cracks and carbon content of the raw materials to select qualified raw materials. Step 2: blank manufacturing, using the qualified raw materials in step 1 to manufacture the blank of the steering knuckle body (1); Step 3: Rod processing, including a lathe and a clamping mechanism, turning the axle center hole (7) of the steering knuckle body (1) blank by the lathe, and clamping the steering knuckle body (1) blank by the clamping mechanism during the turning process; Step 4: Processing the kingpin hole, processing the kingpin hole diameter and end surface of the blank of the steering knuckle body (1) in step 3; Step 5: Processing the first slot hole (4), the second slot hole (5) and the third slot hole (6) provided on the blank of the steering knuckle body (1); Step 6: Grinding, grinding the inner and outer diameters of the axle of the steering knuckle body (1) blank; Step 7: Thread processing: processing the internal threads of the first slot hole (4), the second slot hole (5) and the third slot hole (6), and processing the external threads of the axle of the steering knuckle body (1) blank.

2. The efficient processing method for automobile steering knuckle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blank manufacturing method in step 2 includes forging and casting.

3. The efficient processing method for automobile steering knuckle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The method steps for forging the blank in step 2 are as follows: S100: The processing personnel shall clearly define the type, size, processing accuracy, shape, tolerance and radius of the blank; S101: splitting, pulling, pre-forging and final forging of the blank; S102: Check whether the blank is qualified, and proceed to the next step if it is qualified.

4. The method for efficiently processing an automobile steering knuckle according to claim 3, characterized in that: The forging method includes horizontal die splitting and vertical die splitting. The vertical die splitting adopts closed forging technology during pre-forging, adopts the method of positive extrusion of the shaft part and reverse extrusion of the fork parts on both sides, and finally performs final forging to form and discharge excess metal.

5. The efficient processing method for automobile steering knuckle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blank in step 2 is made of alloy steel material, the total amount of alloy elements in the alloy steel is higher than 10%, and the alloy steel includes Cr12MoV, W18Cr4V, 20CrMnTi, 20CrMnMo, 40Cr and 40CrNiMo.

6. The method for efficiently processing an automobile steering knuckle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The processing method also includes flange processing and fork processing. The flange processing includes brake mounting hole processing, and the fork processing includes two pins and one side positioning.

7. The efficient processing method for automobile steering knuckle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The processing method adopts a double-exchange CNC rotary worktable, which includes a main shaft, an exchange table, a tool system, a control system and a fixture structure. The exchange table is constructed by a turntable, and rollers and gears are used inside the turntable for transmission.

8. The efficient processing method for automobile steering knuckle according to claim 7, characterized in that: The tool in the tool system adopts a thermal expansion tool holder.

9. The efficient processing method for automobile steering knuckle according to claim 7, characterized in that: The spindle speed of the double-exchange CNC rotary table is not less than 1800r / min, the feed rate of the tool system is not less than 0.6mm / r, and the control system is used to control the motion trajectory of the tool, the spindle speed and the feed rate of the tool. The time for turning a single workpiece is not more than 30s, and it also includes rough turning and fine turning, among which the rough turning is not more than 20s and the fine turning is not more than 10s.

10. The efficient processing method for automobile steering knuckle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main pin hole in step 4 is processed by using an A2J-PK785 front axle drill main hole vertical single-sided U-drill combination machine tool, the cutting speed of the combination machine tool is not less than 100m / min, and the feed rate is not less than 0.3mm / r.

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