Assembly jig for composite assembly structure

Abstract

The application provides an assembly tool for a composite material assembly structure, which comprises a metal joint part, a frame structure part, a positioning clamping plate part, an upper beam part and a lower beam part. The frame structure part serves as a supporting frame of the whole assembly tool, the metal joint part is installed on the inner upper end of the frame structure part, the upper beam part is installed on the inner upper part of the frame structure part, the lower beam part is installed on the inner lower part of the frame structure part, and the positioning clamping plate part is installed on both sides of the frame structure part. The upper beam part cooperates with the metal joint part and the positioning clamping plate part to realize the positioning, hole making and checking of the upper beam part and the closed end rib part. The lower beam part cooperates with the positioning clamping plate part to realize the positioning, hole making and checking of the lower beam part and the closed end rib part. The positioning clamping plate part cooperates with the metal joint part to realize the positioning, hole making and checking of the inner and outer wall plate skins. The application can improve the assembly efficiency and reduce the assembly cost.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of composite material manufacturing, and relates to an assembly tool for a composite material assembly structure, in particular to assembly process control of an assembly structure composed of multiple finished parts, and shape size detection of the assembly structure. BACKGROUND

[0002] Light weight, high efficiency and low cost are the goals of aircraft structure design and manufacturing, and relevant design and manufacturing departments at home and abroad tend to adopt integrated structures with high structural efficiency in order to achieve the goals. The adoption of integrated structures by composite materials can reduce the number of parts and fasteners, thereby achieving the purpose of weight reduction, and can also effectively reduce the cost, and is widely used in aircraft structures.

[0003] Composite material assembly structures have high efficiency structures with high stiffness / weight ratio, and are typical representatives of integrated structures, and are widely used in aircraft structures. The composite material assembly structure includes inner and outer wall panels, rib parts, closed end rib parts, upper beam parts and lower beam parts.

[0004] According to statistics, in the manufacturing of composite material aircraft structures, the assembly accounts for about 25% to 50% of the total cost and workload of aircraft manufacturing. The assembly work of composite material components is basically divided into two categories. One is that the composite material manufacturing unit provides composite material components, and the assembly unit is responsible for connecting different composite material components to the aircraft main frame through connecting mechanisms, bolt standard parts, pin extraction standard parts, etc. The other is that the composite material manufacturing unit is responsible for the manufacturing of composite material components, and then the assembly unit only needs to install the composite material assembly structure on the aircraft main body through suspension intersection points, etc., which greatly improves the assembly efficiency of the whole machine.

[0005] At present, the research on the manufacturing of composite material aircraft structures is more focused on the design and manufacturing of composite material components, and the assembly quality of the composite material assembly structure has a great influence on the assembly quality of the upper level, and even affects the structure and performance of the whole machine. The deformation of the new generation of composite material assembly structures is small, and cannot be repaired and processed like metal structures, so the composite material assembly structure may be scrapped due to assembly quality problems. Therefore, it is particularly important to improve the quality of composite material parts, especially the assembly related quality.

[0006] From the current design of the assembly tool of the composite material assembly structure, the positioning parts in the assembly tool are basically designed in multiple specifications to meet different assembly size requirements. Since the assembly tool cannot realize online monitoring function, the shape size of the composite material assembly structure is generally checked after assembly, but at this time the shape of the composite material assembly structure cannot be changed.

[0007] After the composite assembly structure is delivered to the assembly workshop, only a small number of connecting mechanisms such as metal hinges and suspension joints need to be installed on the aircraft body. Therefore, the manufacturing workshop chooses to add the assembly work of the connecting mechanism to the manufacturing process of the composite assembly structure to further improve the assembly efficiency.

[0008] Taking the composite sandwich structure in the composite assembly structure as an example, the metal hinge is first connected with the beam part edge strip net size position in the sandwich structure, and then secondary co-bonding autoclave forming is performed. In this way, the relative position of the metal hinge and the beam part in the sandwich structure is fixed, but during the secondary co-bonding autoclave forming process, the beam part in the sandwich structure is prone to shape deformation, causing the metal hinge to deviate from the theoretical position, and further causing the central axis position of the metal hinge suspension joint to deviate from the theoretical position, ultimately causing the composite sandwich structure to be unable to be hung when it is transferred to the assembly workshop for suspension, which cannot meet the assembly requirements of the previous stage, and in severe cases, the part may be scrapped. At the same time, since the metal hinge has been connected with the beam part, the metal hinge cannot be removed and reconnected.

[0009] In addition, the metal hinge has been connected with the beam part, and the composite sandwich structure has a certain stress, such as thermal stress and internal stress. In this state, the shape measurement and size measurement of the composite sandwich structure cannot truly reflect the shape accuracy and size accuracy of the composite sandwich structure. If the gap value between the metal joint and the inner shape of the upper beam in the free state of the composite assembly structure is measured, it is impossible. SUMMARY

[0010] In view of the above technical quality problems, the present application provides a composite assembly structure assembly tool for the assembly tool of the composite component production unit, which can realize the assembly and detection functions of multiple composite assembly structures, improve the assembly efficiency, and reduce the assembly cost of the composite assembly structure.

[0011] The technical scheme adopted by the present application is:

[0012] The assembly tool of the composite assembly structure comprises a metal joint part, a frame structure part, a positioning clamping plate part, an upper beam part and a lower beam part. The frame structure part serves as a supporting frame of the whole assembly tool, the metal joint part is installed on the inner upper end of the frame structure part, the upper beam part is installed on the inner upper part of the frame structure part, the lower beam part is installed on the inner lower part of the frame structure part, and the positioning clamping plate part is installed on both sides of the frame structure part. The upper beam part cooperates with the metal joint part and the positioning clamping plate part to realize the positioning, hole making and checking of the upper beam part and the closed end rib part, the lower beam part cooperates with the positioning clamping plate part to realize the positioning, hole making and checking of the lower beam part and the closed end rib part, and the positioning clamping plate part cooperates with the metal joint part to realize the positioning, hole making and checking of the inner and outer wall plate skins.

[0013] The frame structure part comprises an upper cross beam 10, a lower cross beam 11, a left vertical beam 12, a right vertical beam 13, an upper frame beam 14, an adjusting support 15, a side beam 16, a reinforcing beam 17 and a target point positioning bush 18.

[0014] The upper cross beam 10, the lower cross beam 11, the left vertical beam 12 and the right vertical beam 13 are mechanically connected by screwing to form a basic rectangular frame. The side beam 16 has two top surfaces which are respectively fixedly connected to the lower ends of the left vertical beam 12 and the right vertical beam 13. The bottom surface of the side beam 16 is provided with the adjusting support 15 at both ends. The reinforcing beam 17 is supported between the left vertical beam 12 and the side beam 16 and between the right vertical beam 13 and the side beam 16. The upper frame beam 14 is also a rectangular frame which is horizontally arranged above the upper cross beam 10 and is fixedly connected to the upper cross beam 10. The upper frame beam 14 is provided with a plurality of clamping plate locks 64 on both sides. The upper cross beam 10, the lower cross beam 11, the left vertical beam 12 and the right vertical beam 13 are all provided with the target point positioning bush 18 for positioning or checking the components on the frame structure part. The lower surface of the upper cross beam 10 is fixedly provided with a plurality of L-shaped drill jig parts 46 for drilling holes in the upper beam part and the rib part.

[0015] The metal joint part comprises a metal joint suspension positioning device 29 and a metal joint 3.

[0016] The metal joint suspension positioning device 29 comprises a vertical screw positioning device 22 and a positioning joint 31. The vertical screw positioning device 22 is a standard part, and the movable section end thereof is connected with the positioning joint 31 through a positioning pin, which is used for positioning the connection of the metal joint 3. The metal joint suspension positioning device 29 is provided in plurality, and is installed on the upper cross beam 10. The installation position is determined according to the hole and connection position of the wall skin, the upper beam part and the rib part. The movable section of the vertical screw positioning device 22 is downward. The vertical screw positioning device 22 is provided with a latch between the movable section and the fixed section, which is used for determining the longitudinal theoretical position of the metal joint 3. The positioning joint 31 is fixedly connected with the metal joint 3. The thickness of the inserted sheet 30 is adjusted to adjust the transverse position of the metal joint 3. Finally, the metal joint 3 is ensured to be located at the theoretical position.

[0017] The metal joint 3 is a metal hinge support arm 1 after simplified processing in the composite material rudder box section, which is used for connecting with the aircraft body structure. The metal joint 3 is designed as 150-200mm in length along the axial direction of the composite material sleeve beam. The hole is made according to the central axis 2, which is used for connecting with the vertical screw positioning device 22 through the positioning joint 31, so as to determine the theoretical position. The working surface of the metal joint 3 located at the web surface side of the composite material sleeve beam is the web surface side 6 of the upper beam part. The working surface is offset by 2mm to the inner shape surface of the composite material sleeve beam according to the theoretical position. The working surface of the metal joint 3 located at the edge strip surface side of the composite material sleeve beam is the edge strip surface side 5 of the upper beam part. The working surface is offset by 0.5mm to the inner shape surface of the composite material sleeve beam according to the theoretical position. The offset between the web surface side 6 and the edge strip surface side 5 of the upper beam part and the theoretical position is adjusted through the inserted gap pad, which is used for realizing the manufacturing process compensation and the measurement function.

[0018] The metal joint 3 extends by 75-100mm along the edge strip surface side 5 of the upper beam part. The hole bushing 4 is located at the extended surface of the edge strip surface side 5 of the upper beam part, which is used for drilling the connecting hole of the connecting area of the upper beam edge strip process allowance and the wall skin edge process allowance. After drilling, the high-precision bolt 8 and the nut 9 are connected with each part. The high-precision bolt 8 is provided with a thread at the end of the light rod. The light rod is used for ensuring the connection precision of the high-precision bolt 8, the metal joint 3, the upper beam part and the wall skin. The threaded part is screwed with the nut 9. The through hole is designed on the web surface side 6 of the metal joint 3. The detachable drill jig 7 is sleeved on the through hole, which is used for drilling the connecting hole of the standard part. After drilling, the drill jig 7 is detached. The standard part is used for connecting the assembly connection of the upper beam part and the rib part in the composite material assembly structure.

[0019] The positioning card plate part comprises a first card plate 19, a second card plate 26 and an outer shape line drawing template 27.

[0020] The first clamping plate 19 is provided with three groups, each group including two clamping plates arranged symmetrically on both sides of the frame structure part, and the three groups of first clamping plates 19 are located at the rib positions inside the assembly structure, of which two groups are vertically arranged and the other group is obliquely arranged; the second clamping plate 26 is provided with two groups, each group also including two clamping plates arranged symmetrically on both sides of the frame structure part, and the two groups of second clamping plates 26 are located at the closed rib positions on both sides of the assembly structure and are obliquely arranged; the upper ends and the lower ends of the two clamping plates in each group of the first clamping plate 19 and the second clamping plate 26 are connected to both sides of the upper cross beam 10 and the lower cross beam 11 through the connecting seat 21, wherein the upper end of the clamping plate is hinged to the upper cross beam 10, and the lower end of the clamping plate is detachably connected to the lower cross beam 11, so that the two clamping plates in each group can be opened to both sides around the respective upper end and the hinge between the upper cross beam 10, and the clamping plate is hung on the clamping plate lock catch 64 on the upper frame beam 14 after being opened; the opposite side of the clamping plate of the first clamping plate 19 and the second clamping plate 26 is provided with a standing edge acting surface 63 according to the offset surface of the outer shape surface of the inner and outer wall panel skin; one end of each clamping plate is fixed with a pin type clamping plate end head 43, which is hinged to the connecting seat 21 on the upper cross beam 10 through a pin shaft 69, and the other end is fixed with a hinge type clamping plate end head 24, the end of which is provided with a hook-shaped opening, and the connecting seat 21 on the lower cross beam 11 is provided with a hinged lock catch fork 23, the hinge type clamping plate end head 24 is clamped on the hinged lock catch fork 23, realizing detachable connection, when the hinge type clamping plate end head 24 is clamped in place, the end face on the side opposite to the hook-shaped opening is flush with the end face on the same side of the connecting seat 21; the side acting surface 25 of the second clamping plate 26 in the thickness direction is extracted and manufactured according to the theoretical position of the wall panel skin edge, serving as the scribing reference for trimming the wall panel skin edge; the first clamping plate 19 and the second clamping plate 26 are fixedly installed with an upper beam part support 39, a rib part limiting part 41 and a rib part jacking device 62, wherein the upper beam part support 39 is fixed through a clamping positioning part 40, which is provided with a screw jacking device 45 acting on the web surface side of the upper beam part to fix the upper beam part; the rib part limiting part 41 is fixed through a positioning pin, which is provided with two perpendicular limiting surfaces 42, one of which is used to limit the edge strip surface of the rib part to ensure that the rib part is located at the central position of the framework, and the other is used to limit the web surface of the rib part to ensure that the rib part is located at the accurate position of the framework; the rib part jacking device 62 is fixed through a positioning pin, which is provided with a screw jacking device 45 acting on the web surface of the rib part to ensure that the rib part is fixedly located at the position of the framework; the closed end rib part drill jig 65 for drilling holes in the closed end rib part is fixed at the upper part of the upper beam part near the upper part of the upper beam part of the second clamping plate 26 through the clamping positioning part 40.

[0021] The profile scribing template 27 is a segmented template which is positioned and fixedly mounted on each first clamping plate 19 and each second clamping plate 26, and is used for cutting the profile of the composite material structure. A metal joint drilling backing 28 is mounted on the profile scribing template 27 at a position corresponding to the metal joint 3, and is used for preventing fiber splitting caused by drilling of the metal joint 3.

[0022] The upper beam part includes an upper beam positioning measuring member 32, an upper beam part fixed reference end 50, a closed end rib upper part fixed reference end 51, an upper beam part adjustable reference end 54, a closed end rib upper part adjustable reference end 55, an upper fixed end base 58, and an upper adjustable end base 60.

[0023] The upper fixed end base 58 is fixed on the inner upper portion of the right vertical beam 13. The upper beam part fixed reference end 50 and the closed end rib upper part fixed reference end 51 are respectively mounted on the upper fixed end base 58 through clamping positioning members 40. The working surface of the upper beam part fixed reference end 50 is manufactured by extracting the profile of one side end surface of the upper beam part, and the working surface of the closed end rib upper part fixed reference end 51 is manufactured by extracting the profile of one side end surface of the closed end rib part. Both of them serve as the positioning reference of the upper beam part and the closed end rib part.

[0024] The upper adjustable end base 60 is fixed on the lower surface of the upper cross beam 10 away from the right vertical beam 13. The upper beam positioning measuring member 32 is mounted on the upper adjustable end base 60, and is of a telescopic structure. The upper beam part adjustable reference end 54 and the closed end rib upper part adjustable reference end 55 are respectively mounted on the telescopic end of the upper beam positioning measuring member 32 through clamping positioning members 40, and are respectively matched with the upper beam part fixed reference end 50 and the closed end rib upper part fixed reference end 51 to realize the positioning and measurement of the upper beam part and the closed end rib part in the length direction. A drilling bushing is provided on the closed end rib upper part adjustable reference end 55, and is used for drilling.

[0025] The upper beam positioning and measuring member 32 comprises a sleeve 35, a slotted screw rod 37, a positioning long pin 38, a T-shaped key 66, and a handle nut 67. The sleeve 35 is provided with a semicircular annular groove at one end, a T-shaped key limiting hole 70 at the other end, and a hollow part in the middle of the barrel, wherein the hollow part is provided with sleeve scale lines 36, the long line position of the sleeve scale lines 36 is the 0 reference point, and the short line position is spaced by 0.1-0.2 mm. The handle nut 67 is provided with a boss on the outside in the axial direction, which is matched with the semicircular annular groove of the sleeve 35 to enable the handle nut 67 to rotate around its own axis in the annular groove, and the handle nut 67 is provided with a threaded hole in the axial direction. The slotted screw rod 37 is matched with the inner diameter of the sleeve 35 in the outer diameter size, is screwed with the handle nut 67 at one end, and is moved in the sleeve 35 by rotating the handle nut 67 to fix the adjustable reference end 54 of the upper beam part and the adjustable reference end 55 of the upper part of the closed end rib through the clamping positioning member 40. The slotted screw rod 37 is provided with a slot 68 along the length direction, the T-shaped key 66 acts in the slot 68 at one end and in the T-shaped key limiting hole 70 of the sleeve 35 at the other end to limit the slotted screw rod 37 from moving along its own axis direction and from deflecting around the axis direction. The slotted screw rod 37 is designed with scale lines 34 for cooperation with the sleeve scale lines 36 to realize part positioning and measurement, and the long line of the scale lines 34 is aligned with the long line of the sleeve scale lines 36 as the theoretical position. The sleeve 35 and the slotted screw rod 37 are provided with coaxial through holes 71 at the theoretical position for inserting the positioning long pin 38 to fix the adjustable reference end 54 of the upper beam part and the adjustable reference end 55 of the upper part of the closed end rib at the theoretical position.

[0026] The lower beam part comprises a lower beam part positioning plate 20, a lower beam positioning and measuring member 33, a lower beam part fixed reference end 52, a closed end rib lower part fixed reference end 53, a lower beam part adjustable reference end 56, a closed end rib lower part adjustable reference end 57, a lower fixed end base 59, and a lower adjustable end base 61.

[0027] The lower beam part positioning plate 20 is a strip-shaped member with a cross section in the shape of “L”, the horizontal plate of which is at the bottom and is fixedly connected to the middle of the upper surface of the lower cross beam 11, and various positioning members are installed on the horizontal plate for limiting the width direction and the thickness direction of the lower beam part, including the L-shaped screwing member 47 for limiting the width direction of the lower beam part, the pressing plate 48 for limiting the thickness direction of the lower beam part, and the clamp 49 for limiting the thickness direction of the lower beam part. The screwing tightener 45 is also fixed on the lower beam part positioning plate 20 for clamping the lower beam part in the thickness direction. The drill jig 44 is fixedly installed on the lower beam part positioning plate 20 through the clamping positioning member 40 for drilling the standard part connecting hole of the lower beam part and the rib part.

[0028] The lower fixed end base 59 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the lower cross beam 11 near the right vertical beam 13, and the lower beam part fixed reference end 52 and the closed end rib lower fixed reference end 53 are fixedly installed on the lower fixed end base 59, serving as the positioning reference of the length direction of the lower beam part and the closed end rib part.

[0029] The lower adjustable end base 61 is fixed on the inner side of the lower part of the left vertical beam 12, and the lower beam positioning and measuring part 33 is fixedly installed on the lower adjustable end base 61, which is of the same structure as the upper beam positioning and measuring part 32 and is of a telescopic structure, and the lower beam part adjustable reference end 56 and the closed end rib lower adjustable reference end 57 are respectively installed on the telescopic end of the lower beam positioning and measuring part 33 through the clamping positioning part 40, so as to realize the positioning and measurement of the length direction of the lower beam part and the closed end rib part by matching the lower beam part fixed reference end 52 and the closed end rib lower fixed reference end 53.

[0030] Further, the upper cross beam 10, the lower cross beam 11, the left vertical beam 12, the right vertical beam 13, the upper frame beam 14, the adjusting support 15, the side beam 16 and the reinforcing beam 17 are all made of ordinary steel, which is designed to be hollow and light in weight by using square steel pipes under the premise of ensuring the structural rigidity.

[0031] Further, the inner diameter of the positioning bushing 18 is 6.35 mm, which is used for positioning by laser positioning instrument, laser radar and the like, and the purpose is to establish a positioning relationship between the laser positioning instrument, the laser radar and the frame structure, so as to realize the positioning or inspection of the components on the frame structure. In addition, the target point positioning bushing 18 is designed on different beam structures, and the purpose is to facilitate the equipment conversion station of the laser positioning instrument and the laser radar.

[0032] Further, the metal joint 3 is made of invar steel, and the expansion coefficient is close to that of the composite sleeve beam.

[0033] Further, the lower beam part fixed reference end 52, the closed end rib lower fixed reference end 53, the closed end rib upper adjustable reference end 55, the lower beam part adjustable reference end 56 and the closed end rib lower adjustable reference end 57 are all made of aluminum alloy.

[0034] Further, the upper beam positioning and measuring part 32 and the lower beam positioning and measuring part 33 are made of ordinary steel.

[0035] Further, the upper beam part support 39, the rib part limiting part 41 and the rib part jacking device 62 are made of ordinary steel.

[0036] Further, the positioning joint 31, the drill jig 44 and the L-shaped drill jig part 46 are preferably made of aluminum.

[0037] The effects and benefits of the present application are:

[0038] (1) The patent can realize the assembly, spanwise size inspection, coordinated assembly, and profile size inspection of the composite assembly structure.

[0039] (2) The patent can realize the skeleton assembly, end rib sleeve assembly of the composite assembly structure, and the assembly of the composite assembly structure.

[0040] (3) The patent innovatively proposes a metal joint structure, which replaces the commonly used metal hinge arm and is simplified into a metal joint with drilling and connection, measurement and profile compensation based on the metal hinge arm.

[0041] The metal joint is matched with high-precision bolts and nuts, realizing the connection function after drilling of the metal joint and ensuring the accurate connection of the process allowance of the metal joint and the upper beam part, the metal joint and the upper beam part, and the wall plate part.

[0042] (4) The patent innovatively proposes the positioning and measuring part of the upper beam part and the positioning and measuring part of the lower beam part, so that the assembly tool can realize the spanwise measurement of the composite assembly structure and the purpose of coordinating the assembly of the end rib, avoiding the increase in cost caused by a large number of matching assembly positioning fixtures. At the same time, the spanwise measurement function realizes the function of online measurement, avoiding the scrapping or size unqualification of the composite assembly structure caused by measurement after assembly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0043] Figure 1 It is an axial view of the assembly tool.

[0044] Figure 2 It is a front view of the assembly tool.

[0045] Figure 3 It is a schematic view of the metal hinge arm structure.

[0046] Figure 4 It is a schematic view of the metal joint structure, wherein (a) and (b) are different angle axial views of the metal joint, and (d) is a schematic view of a detachable drill jig.

[0047] Figure 5 It is a schematic view of high-precision bolts and nuts.

[0048] Figure 6 It is a schematic view of the connection between the clamping plate and the joint, wherein (a) is a schematic view of the clamping plate as a whole, (b) is a schematic view of the clamping plate in the clamped state, and (c) is a schematic view of the clamping plate in the unclamped state.

[0049] Figure 7Figures showing a metal joint hanging positioning device, wherein (a) is a schematic view of a vertical screw positioning device, (b) is a schematic view of the metal joint hanging positioning device as a whole, (c) is a schematic view of the metal joint hanging positioning device in a split view, and (d) is a schematic view of the metal joint hanging positioning device in a split perspective view.

[0050] Figure 8 Figures showing an upper beam part support, a rib part limiting piece, and a rib part jacking device, wherein (a) is a schematic view of the upper beam part support, (b) is a front view of the rib part limiting piece, (c) is a rear view of the rib part limiting piece, and (d) is a schematic view of the rib part jacking device.

[0051] Figure 9 Figure showing a front view of an assembly tool upper drill jig.

[0052] Figure 10 Figure showing a rear view of an assembly tool upper drill jig.

[0053] Figure 11 Figure showing an L-shaped drill jig.

[0054] Figure 12 Figure showing a closed-end rib upper portion adjustable reference end drill jig.

[0055] Figure 13 Figure showing an assembly of an upper beam positioning measurement piece, wherein (a) is an axonometric view and (b) is a front view.

[0056] Figure 14 Figure showing a front split view of an upper beam positioning measurement piece. Figure 1 .

[0057] Figure 15 Figure showing a front split view of an upper beam positioning measurement piece. Figure 2 .

[0058] Figure 16 Figure showing a rear split view of an upper beam positioning measurement piece.

[0059] Figure 17 Figure showing a front view of a lower beam positioning measurement piece.

[0060] Figure 18 Figure showing a top view of a lower beam positioning measurement piece.

[0061] Figure: 1 metal hinge branch; 2 center axis; 3 metal joint; 4 drill bushing; 5 upper beam part edge strip side; 6 upper beam part web side; 7 detachable drill jig; 8 high precision bolt; 9 nut; 10 upper cross beam; 11 lower cross beam; 12 left vertical beam; 13 right vertical beam; 14 upper frame beam; 15 adjusting support; 16 side beam; 17 reinforcing beam; 18 target point positioning bushing; 19 first clamping plate; 20 lower beam part positioning plate; 21 connecting seat; 22 vertical screw positioning device; 23 fork with hinged locking catch; 24 hinged clamping plate end; 25 acting surface; 26 second clamping plate; 27 profile scribing template; 28 metal joint drill hole backing; 29 metal joint suspension positioning device; 30 equal thickness insert; 31 positioning joint; 32 upper beam positioning measurement piece; 33 lower beam positioning measurement piece; 34 scribing line; 35 sleeve; 36 sleeve scribing line; 37 slotted screw; 38 positioning long pin; 39 upper beam part support piece; 40 clamping positioning piece; 41 rib part limiting piece; 42 limiting surface; 43 pin type clamping plate end; 44 drill jig; 45 screw jack; 46 L-shaped drill jig piece; 47 L-shaped screw tightening piece; 48 pressing plate; 49 clamp; 50 upper beam part fixed reference end; 51 closed end rib upper part fixed reference end; 52 lower beam part fixed reference end; 53 closed end rib lower part fixed reference end; 54 upper beam part adjustable reference end; 55 closed end rib upper part adjustable reference end; 56 lower beam part adjustable reference end; 57 closed end rib lower part adjustable reference end; 58 upper fixed end base; 59 lower fixed end base; 60 upper adjustable end base; 61 lower adjustable end base; 62 rib part jacking device; 63 vertical edge acting surface; 64 clamping plate locking catch; 65 closed end rib part drill jig; 66 T-shaped key; 67 handle nut; 68 slot; 69 pin shaft; 70 T-shaped key limiting hole; 71 through hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] In order to better understand the technical solutions of the present application, the present application is described in detail in combination with the drawings and taking bearing life prediction as an example.

[0063] The present embodiment provides an assembly tool for composite material assembly structure, which comprises a metal joint part, a frame structure part, a positioning clamping plate part, an upper beam part and a lower beam part, as shown in Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 9 、 Figure 10

[0064] The frame structure part comprises an upper cross beam 10, a lower cross beam 11, a left vertical beam 12, a right vertical beam 13, an upper frame beam 14, an adjusting support 15, a side beam 16, a reinforcing beam 17, a target point positioning bushing 18.

[0065] ​The upper cross beam 10, the lower cross beam 11, the left vertical beam 12, the right vertical beam 13 are connected by screwing to form a basic rectangular frame, there are two side beams 16, the top surface of each of which is fixedly connected to the lower end of the left vertical beam 12 and the right vertical beam 13 respectively, the bottom surface of each of which is fixedly connected with an adjusting support 15 at both ends, which is used for supporting and balancing adjustment, and the reinforcing beam 17 is supported between the left vertical beam 12 and the side beam 16 and between the right vertical beam 13 and the side beam 16; the upper frame beam 14 is also a rectangular frame, which is horizontally arranged and fixedly connected above the upper cross beam 10, and a plurality of clamping plate locks 64 are arranged on both sides of the upper frame beam 14; the upper cross beam 10, the lower cross beam 11, the left vertical beam 12, the right vertical beam 13, the upper frame beam 14, the adjusting support 15, the side beam 16 and the reinforcing beam 17 are all made of ordinary steel, which is designed as a hollow weight-reducing square steel pipe under the premise of ensuring structural rigidity; the upper cross beam 10, the lower cross beam 11, the left vertical beam 12 and the right vertical beam 13 are all provided with target point positioning bushings 18, the inner diameter of which is φ6.35mm, which is used for positioning by laser positioner, laser radar and the like, the purpose of which is to establish a positioning relationship between the laser positioner, the laser radar and the frame structure, so as to realize positioning or inspection of components on the frame structure. In addition, the target point positioning bushings 18 are designed on different beam structures, the purpose of which is to facilitate the use of equipment conversion station of the laser positioner and the laser radar; the lower surface of the upper cross beam 10 is fixedly provided with a plurality of L-shaped drill jig pieces 46 (see Figure 11 ), which are used for drilling holes in the upper beam parts and rib parts, the drilling of the upper beam parts and the rib parts includes two cases, one case is to install standard parts defined by the numerical model, the size of the drilling bushing hole on the L-shaped drill jig piece 46 is φ2.6mm or φ3.1mm, after the initial hole is manufactured, the hole is sequentially reamed, reamed and dimpled, and finally the standard parts defined by the numerical model are installed; the other case is to install process standard parts such as countersunk rivets, the size of the drilling bushing hole on the L-shaped drill jig piece 46 is φ2.6mm, the head of the rivet is located on the inner surface side of the upper beam part, and the head side is not treated by dimpling, so as to facilitate the removal of the subsequent process rivet.

[0066] The metal joint part includes a metal joint suspension positioning device 29 and a metal joint 3.

[0067] As Figure 7As shown, the metal joint hanging positioning device 29 comprises a vertical screw positioning device 22 and a positioning joint 31. The vertical screw positioning device 22 is a standard part, and the movable section end thereof is connected with the positioning joint 31 through a positioning pin, which is used for positioning the metal joint 3. The metal joint hanging positioning device 29 is provided with a plurality of devices, which are installed on the upper cross beam 10. The installation position is determined according to the hole and connection position of the wall skin, the upper beam part and the rib part. The movable section of the vertical screw positioning device 22 faces downward. The vertical screw positioning device 22 is a standard part, which can perform telescopic movement. A latch is arranged between the movable section and the fixed section, which is used for determining the longitudinal theoretical position of the metal joint 3. The positioning joint 31 is connected with the metal joint 3. The thickness of the inserted sheet 30 is adjusted to determine the transverse position of the metal joint 3, so as to finally ensure that the metal joint 3 is located at the theoretical position.

[0068] The metal joint 3 is a metal hinge support arm 1 (see Figure 3 ) in the composite material rudder box section, which is used for connecting with the aircraft body structure. After simplification, the central axis 2 of the intersection of the metal hinge support arm and the drilling bushing 4 are reserved. The length of the metal joint 3 along the axial direction of the composite material sleeve beam is designed as 150-200 mm. The through hole with a hole diameter of 6-10 mm is drilled based on the central axis 2, which is used for connecting with the vertical screw positioning device 22 through the positioning joint 31, so as to determine the theoretical position. In order to reduce the self-weight of the metal joint 3, the driven shaft of the metal hinge support arm 1 and unnecessary structures are removed. The metal joint 3 mainly retains the working surface, the reinforcing rib, the positioning pin hole and the drilling bushing 4 (see Figure 4 ). The metal joint 3 is made of invar steel, and the expansion coefficient thereof is close to that of the composite material sleeve beam. The working surface of the metal joint 3 located at the web surface side of the upper beam part is 6, which is offset by 2 mm to the inner profile surface of the composite material sleeve beam according to the theoretical position. That is, the theoretical gap between the working surface 6 of the web surface side and the web surface of the composite material sleeve beam is 2 mm. The working surface of the metal joint 3 located at the edge strip surface side of the upper beam part is 5, which is offset by 0.5 mm to the inner profile surface of the composite material sleeve beam according to the theoretical position. That is, the theoretical gap between the working surface 5 of the edge strip surface side and the edge strip surface of the composite material sleeve beam is 0.5 mm. The purpose of the offset between the working surface 6 of the web surface side of the upper beam part and the working surface 5 of the edge strip surface side of the upper beam part and the theoretical position is to realize the manufacturing process compensation and measurement functions. That is, before curing and forming, the process gap gasket is inserted between the upper beam part and the metal joint 3 in the composite material assembly structure, so as to perform the process compensation. After curing and forming, the gap value between the inner profile surface of the upper beam part and the metal joint 3 in the composite material assembly structure is measured by using the plug gauge, so as to evaluate the deformation amount of the upper beam inner profile surface.

[0069] The metal joint 3 is matched with a plurality of process gap gaskets (common thicknesses are 2 mm, 1.9 mm, 1.8 mm, 1.7 mm, 1.6 mm, 2.1 mm, 2.2 mm, 2.3 mm, 2.4 mm) for compensating the gap between the metal joint 3 and the upper beam part web surface. The metal joint 3 is matched with a plurality of process gap gaskets (common thicknesses are 0.3 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.7 mm, 0.8 mm) for compensating the gap between the metal joint 3 and the upper beam part flange surface. Considering that the upper beam part flange surface is commonly designed as a curved surface, the plurality of gap gaskets matched with the metal joint 3 generally adopt a single layer of stainless steel sheet or copper sheet with a thickness of 0.1 mm. Due to the advantages of the stainless steel sheet or copper sheet such as shape following property and economy, different numbers of layers of the stainless steel sheet or copper sheet are selected according to different compensation gaps,

[0070] The metal joint 3 extends along the upper beam part flange surface 5 by 75-100 mm, and the drilling bushing 4 is located on the extension surface of the upper beam part flange surface 5 for drilling the connecting holes of the connecting areas of the process allowance of the upper beam flange and the process allowance of the edge of the wall panel skin. The center axis of the drilling bushing 4 is spatially staggered to facilitate the drilling of the framework in the composite assembly structure and the connection of the standard parts without spatial interference. The drill bit matched with the drilling bushing 4 is preferably a 90° angle air drill. The upper beam part flange and the edge of the wall panel part can both retain complete process allowance. The 90° angle air drill is used for drilling from the inside to the outside of the metal joint drilling bushing 4 along the upper beam part flange surface. If a straight shank air drill is selected as the drill bit matched with the drilling bushing 4, only partial process allowance can be retained at the upper beam part flange and the edge of the wall panel part. The straight shank air drill is used for drilling from the outside to the inside of the drilling bushing 4. The process allowance corresponding to the outer area of the upper beam part flange needs to be removed when the drilling bushing 4 is drilled to realize the drilling operation of the straight shank air drill.

[0071] After the drilling bushing hole 4 is matched with the drill bit, the high-precision bolt 8 and the nut 9 (see Figure 5 ) are used to connect the parts. The high-precision bolt 8 has a threaded end part at the end of the light rod. The light rod is used for precision connection of the thickness area of the process allowance of the upper beam part and the wall panel to ensure the connection precision of the high-precision bolt 8, the metal joint 3, the upper beam part and the wall panel skin. The threaded part is screwed with the nut 9.

[0072] A through hole is designed on the upper beam part web surface side 6 of the metal joint 3. The diameter of the through hole is 2-3 mm larger than the diameter of the standard part nail head. The detachable drill jig 7 is fitted on the through hole. The diameter of the bushing hole of the detachable drill jig 7 depends on the diameter of the standard part nail rod and is used for drilling the connecting hole of the standard part. After drilling, the detachable drill jig 7 is removed. The standard part is used to connect the assembly connection of the upper beam part and the rib part in the composite assembly structure. The standard part nail head is located on the side of the detachable drill jig 7.

[0073] The positioning plate portion includes a first plate 19, a second plate 26, and a scribing template 27.

[0074] The first clamping plate 19 consists of three sets, each set including two symmetrically arranged clamping plates on both sides of the frame structure. The three sets of first clamping plates 19 are located within the ribs of the assembly structure, with two sets arranged vertically and the other arranged obliquely. The second clamping plate 26 consists of two sets, each set also including two symmetrically arranged clamping plates on both sides of the frame structure. The two sets of second clamping plates 26 are located within the closed ribs on both sides of the assembly structure, both arranged obliquely. The thickness of the first clamping plate 19 and the second clamping plate 26 is 15-20mm. The upper and lower ends of the two clamping plates in each set are connected to the upper crossbeam 10 and lower crossbeam 11 respectively via connecting seats 21. The upper end of the clamping plate is hinged to the upper crossbeam 10, and the lower end is detachably connected to the lower crossbeam 11, allowing the two clamping plates in each set to open to both sides around their respective hinge points with the upper crossbeam 10. After opening, the clamping plates are hooked onto the clamping plate latches 64 on the upper frame beam 14. Figure 6 As shown, on the opposite sides of the first clamping plate 19 and the second clamping plate 26, the vertical edge action surface 63 is set according to the offset surface of the inner and outer wall panel skin. The common offset is 3-5mm. This data comes from the experimental exploration of related composite material assembly structures. The offset must cover the maximum deformation of the wall panel skin surface; otherwise, the first clamping plate 19 and the second clamping plate 26 will be unusable. Each clamping plate has a pin-type clamping plate end 43 fixed at one end, which is hinged to the connecting seat 21 on the upper crossbeam 10 through a pin 69. The pin-type clamping plate end 43 and the pin 69 (diameter 18h6mm, length 64mm) are standard parts. The other end of each clamping plate is fixed with a hinged clamping plate end 24, which is also a standard part. Its end is provided with a hook-shaped opening, and a hinged locking fork 23 is installed in the connecting seat 21 on the lower crossbeam 11. The hinged locking fork 23 is a standard part adapted to the hinged plate end 24. The hinged plate end 24 is hooked on the hinged locking fork 23 to achieve a detachable connection. When the hinged plate end 24 is hooked in place, its end face facing away from the hook-shaped opening is flush with the end face on the same side of the connecting seat 21, and the step difference does not exceed 0.2mm. The working surface 25 on one side of the second plate 26 in the thickness direction is extracted and manufactured according to the theoretical position of the edge of the wall panel skin, and serves as the scribing reference for trimming the edge of the wall panel skin. The first plate 19 and the second plate 26 are fixedly installed with an upper beam part support 39, a rib part limiting part 41 and a rib part tightening device 62, such as Figure 8As shown, the upper beam part support 39 is fixed by the clamping positioning member 40, which is provided with a screw tightener 45 acting on the upper beam part web side to fix the upper beam part; the rib part limiting member 41 is fixed by a positioning pin, which is provided with two limiting surfaces 42 perpendicular to each other, one of which is used to limit the rib part edge strip surface to ensure that the rib part is located at the central position of the framework, and the other is used to limit the rib part web surface to ensure that the rib part is located at the accurate position of the framework; the rib part tightener 62 is fixed by a positioning pin, which is provided with a screw tightener 45 acting on the rib part web surface to ensure that the rib part is located at the fixed position of the framework; the second clamping plate 26 is provided with a closed end rib part drill jig 65 at the upper fixed end base 58 near the upper beam part, which is fixed by the clamping positioning member 40 and used to drill holes for the closed end rib part, and the drill bushing hole size of the closed end rib part drill jig 65 is φ2.6mm or φ3.1mm, after the initial hole is manufactured, the hole is sequentially reamed, reamed, and tamped, and finally the standard part defined by the jig is installed.

[0075] The outer shape scribe template 27 is a segmented template, which is positioned and fixedly installed on each first clamping plate 19 and each second clamping plate 26, and is used to cut the outer shape of the composite material structure. The metal joint drill backing 28 is installed on the outer shape scribe template 27 corresponding to the position of the metal joint 3, which is used to prevent fiber splitting when drilling the metal joint 3.

[0076] The upper beam part includes an upper beam positioning and measuring member 32, an upper beam part fixed reference end 50, a closed end rib upper fixed reference end 51, an upper beam part adjustable reference end 54, a closed end rib upper adjustable reference end 55, an upper fixed end base 58, and an upper adjustable end base 60.

[0077] The upper fixed end base 58 is fixed on the upper part of the right vertical beam 13 inside, and the upper beam part fixed reference end 50 and the closed end rib upper fixed reference end 51 are respectively installed on the upper fixed end base 58 by the clamping positioning member 40. The acting surface of the upper beam part fixed reference end 50 is manufactured by extracting the outer shape of one side end surface of the upper beam part, and the acting surface of the closed end rib upper fixed reference end 51 is manufactured by extracting the outer shape of one side end surface of the closed end rib part, which are used as the positioning reference of the upper beam part and the closed end rib part.

[0078] As Figures 12 to 16As shown, the upper adjustable end base 60 is fixed on the lower surface of the upper cross beam 10 away from the right vertical beam 13, and the upper beam positioning and measuring member 32 is installed on the upper adjustable end base 60 and has a telescopic structure. The upper beam part adjustable reference end 54 and the closed end rib upper adjustable reference end 55 are respectively installed on the telescopic end of the upper beam positioning and measuring member 32 through the clamping positioning member 40, and are respectively matched with the upper beam part fixed reference end 50 and the closed end rib upper fixed reference end 51 to realize the positioning and measurement of the upper beam part and the closed end rib part in the length direction. A drilled bushing is provided on the closed end rib upper adjustable reference end 55 for hole making.

[0079] The upper beam positioning and measuring member 32 includes a sleeve 35, a slotted screw rod 37, a positioning long pin 38, a T-shaped key 66, and a handle nut 67. One end of the sleeve 35 is provided with a semicircular annular groove, and the other end is provided with a T-shaped key limiting hole 70 on the side surface. The middle part of the cylinder body is hollow, and a sleeve scale line 36 is provided in the hollow part. The long line position of the sleeve scale line 36 is the 0 reference point, and the short line position is spaced by 0.1-0.2 mm. The handle nut 67 is provided with a boss on the outside in the axial direction, which is matched with the semicircular annular groove of the sleeve 35 to make the handle nut 67 rotate around its own axis in the annular groove. The handle nut 67 is provided with a threaded hole in the axial direction. The slotted screw rod 37 is matched with the inner diameter of the sleeve 35 in the outer diameter size. One end of the slotted screw rod 37 is screwed with the handle nut 67, and the other end is fixed with the upper beam part adjustable reference end 54 and the closed end rib upper adjustable reference end 55 through the clamping positioning member 40. The slotted screw rod 37 is provided with a slot 68 in the length direction, and the T-shaped key 66 is acted on in the slot 68 and the other end is acted on in the T-shaped key limiting hole 70 of the sleeve 35 to limit the movement of the slotted screw rod 37 in the axial direction of its own axis without deflection around the axis direction. The slotted screw rod 37 is designed with a scale line 34 for cooperation with the sleeve scale line 36 to realize the positioning and measurement of the part. The long line of the scale line 34 is aligned with the sleeve scale line 36 as the theoretical position. The sleeve 35 and the slotted screw rod 37 are provided with coaxial through holes 71 at the theoretical position for inserting the positioning long pin 38 to fix the upper beam part adjustable reference end 54 and the closed end rib upper adjustable reference end 55 at the theoretical position.

[0080] The rotation handle screw nut 67 drives the slotted screw rod 37 to move along its axial direction, which can determine the theoretical position of the upper beam part assembly, serving as the assembly reference of the upper beam part, and can also determine the detection reference of whether the upper beam part assembly is qualified. Through the design of the upper beam positioning and measuring element 32, a large number of different specifications of the upper beam part assembly fixture are saved, and the position of the upper beam part can be quickly and effectively measured. The upper beam positioning and measuring element 32 is located on the adjustable side of the assembly tool, and can realize the positioning and measurement function of the upper beam part and the closed rib in the length direction. That is, the upper beam part adjustable reference end 54 is fixed on the upper beam positioning and measuring element 32 through the clamping positioning element 40, so that the positioning and measurement of the upper beam part in the length direction can be realized. The closed end rib upper adjustable reference end 55 is fixed on the upper beam positioning and measuring element 32 through the clamping positioning element 40, so that the positioning and measurement of the closed end rib part in the length direction can be realized. The closed end rib upper adjustable reference end 55 integrates a drill jig sleeve, and the drill hole bushing hole size of the drill jig sleeve is φ2.6mm or φ3.1mm. After the initial hole is manufactured, the hole is sequentially reamed, reamed, and dimpled, and finally the standard part defined by the jig is installed.

[0081] The lower beam part includes a lower beam part positioning plate 20, a lower beam positioning and measuring element 33, a lower beam part fixed reference end 52, a closed end rib lower part fixed reference end 53, a lower beam part adjustable reference end 56, a closed end rib lower part adjustable reference end 57, a lower fixed end base 59, and a lower adjustable end base 61.

[0082] As shown in Figure 9 and Figure 10 , the lower beam part positioning plate 20 is a strip-shaped element with an “L”-shaped cross section, with the horizontal plate at the bottom, fixedly connected to the middle of the upper surface of the lower cross beam 11, and having a plurality of positioning elements installed thereon for limiting the width direction and thickness direction of the lower beam part, including an L-shaped screw tightening element 47 for limiting the width direction of the lower beam part, a pressing plate 48 for limiting the thickness direction of the lower beam part, and a clamp 49 for limiting the thickness direction of the lower beam part. The lower beam part positioning plate 20 also has a screw jack 45 fixedly installed thereon for clamping the lower beam part in the thickness direction. The drill jig 44 is fixedly installed on the lower beam part positioning plate 20 through the clamping positioning element 40, and is used for drilling standard part connecting holes of the lower beam part and the rib part. Except for special cases, the drill jig 44 is generally a process standard part. The drill jig 44 has a bushing hole size of φ2.6mm, and the process standard part selects a double-sided dimple. Except that the nail head is located on the dimple side, the upset head should also be located on the dimple side to avoid interference of the process standard part with the wall skin.

[0083] The lower fixed end base 59 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the lower cross beam 11 near the right vertical beam 13 side, and the lower beam part fixed reference end 52 and the closed end rib lower part fixed reference end 53 are fixedly installed on the lower fixed end base 59, serving as the positioning reference of the length direction of the lower beam part and the closed end rib part.

[0084] The lower adjustable end base 61 is fixed on the lower part of the left vertical beam 12, and the lower beam positioning measuring member 33 is fixed on the lower adjustable end base 61 after passing through the left vertical beam 12, as shown in Figure 17 and 18 The lower beam positioning measuring member 33 controls the overall size of the assembly tooling through the left vertical beam 12, and the lower beam positioning measuring member 33 has the same structure as the upper beam positioning measuring member 32, which is a telescopic structure. The lower beam part adjustable reference end 56 and the closed end rib lower part adjustable reference end 57 are respectively installed on the telescopic end of the lower beam positioning measuring member 33 through the clamping positioning member 40, and are respectively matched with the lower beam part fixed reference end 52 and the closed end rib lower part fixed reference end 53 to realize the positioning and measurement of the lower beam part and the closed end rib part in the length direction.

[0085] The use method of the assembly tooling of the composite material assembly structure is as follows:

[0086] 1. Open the clamping plates on one side of the first clamping plate 19 and the second clamping plate 26 outward and hang them on the clamping plate lock 64 on the upper frame beam 14, so as to ensure that the upper beam part, the lower beam part, the rib part, the wall plate part, the end rib part and the metal joint 3 can be placed on the assembly tooling.

[0087] 2. Rotate the hand wheel of the vertical screw positioner 22 to make axial movement, and when the theoretical position is reached, insert the pin, and at the same time, insert the positioning pin to connect the positioning joint 31, so as to ensure that the positioning joint 31 is located at the theoretical position.

[0088] 3. The metal joint 3 establishes a preliminary positioning relationship with the positioning joint 31 through the positioning pin, and then inserts the equal-thickness insert 30 between the metal joint 3 and the positioning joint 31, so as to finally ensure that the metal joint 3 is located at the theoretical position.

[0089] 4. Install the upper beam part fixed reference end 50 and the lower beam part fixed reference end 52.

[0090] 5. Install the upper beam part adjustable reference end 54 on the upper beam positioning measuring member 32, and install the lower beam part adjustable reference end 56 on the lower beam positioning measuring member 33.

[0091] 6. Rotate the handle nut 67 to make the upper beam part adjustable reference end 54 and the lower beam part adjustable reference end 56 away from the side end face of the upper beam part and the lower beam part in the length direction, so as to reserve sufficient space for the placement and positioning of the upper beam part and the lower beam part.

[0092] 7、Upper beam part preliminary positioning. Insert a certain thickness of gap piece at the upper beam part and the upper beam part flange face side 5, the upper beam part web face side 6. The upper beam part long side direction one side end face and the upper beam part fixed reference end 50 are preliminarily attached. The first clamping plate 19 and the second clamping plate 26 open side clamping plate are put down and clamped on the connecting seat 21 of the lower beam 11 with the hinge lock catch fork 23. The upper beam part support 39 is installed on the first clamping plate 19 and the second clamping plate 26, and the upper beam part support 39 is used to support the upper beam part to prevent the upper beam part from falling.

[0093] Upper beam part final positioning. The upper beam part adjustable reference end 54 is moved along the upper beam part long side direction, and the purpose is to ensure that the upper beam part long side direction one side end face and the upper beam part fixed reference end 50 are fully attached. The upper beam part is tightly pressed using the upper beam part support 39.

[0094] 8、Based on the first clamping plate 19 and the second clamping plate 26, use a 90° angle air drill to drill a hole sleeve 4 on the upper beam part flange face side 5 of the metal joint 3. After the drilling is completed, the high-precision bolt 8 and the nut 9 are used to connect the metal joint 3 and the upper beam part.

[0095] 9、Lower beam part preliminary positioning. The lower beam part long side direction one side end face and the lower beam part fixed reference end 52 are preliminarily attached, and the lower beam part width direction one side end face and the lower beam part positioning plate 20 are preliminarily attached.

[0096] Lower beam part final positioning. The lower beam part adjustable reference end 56 is moved along the upper beam part long side direction, so that the lower beam part long side direction one side end face and the lower beam part fixed reference end 52 are fully attached. The lower beam part L-shaped screwing piece 47, the lower beam part thickness direction pressing plate 48, and the lower beam part thickness direction clamp 49 are used to fix the lower beam part.

[0097] 10、Rib part positioning. Based on the first clamping plate 19 and the second clamping plate 26, the rib part limiting piece 41 is installed, and the rib part limiting piece 41 limits the rib part flange face and the rib part web face through two limiting faces 42. The rib part is tightly pressed by the rib part tightening device 62 to ensure the fixation of the rib part.

[0098] 11、Upper beam part, lower beam part and rib part standard part connection

[0099] The metal joint 3 and the L-shaped drill jig 46 are used to drill the standard part connection hole of the upper beam part and the rib part.

[0100] The drilling of the holes of the upper beam part and the rib part is divided into two cases. One case is the drilling of the standard parts defined by the installation model. The size of the bushing hole on the L-shaped drill jig 46 is φ2.6mm or φ3.1mm. After the initial hole is manufactured, the hole is sequentially reamed, reamed, and counterbored, and finally the standard parts defined by the installation model are installed. The other case is the installation of process standard parts. The process standard part is preferably an HB6306-2.5xY90° countersunk head rivet. The size of the bushing hole on the L-shaped drill jig 46 is φ2.6mm. The head of the rivet is located on the inside surface side of the upper beam part. The head side is not counterbored to facilitate the removal of the subsequent process rivet.

[0101] The standard part connecting holes of the upper beam part and the rib part are drilled using the drill jig 44 on the lower beam part positioning plate. Except for special cases, the process standard part is generally installed. The process standard part is preferably an HB6306-2.5xY. The size of the bushing hole on the drill jig 44 is φ2.6mm. The process standard part is selected to have double counterbores. Except for the head being located on the counterbore side, the head should also be located on the counterbore side to avoid interference with the placement of the wall skin.

[0102] 12. Connection of the wall skin to the upper beam part and the lower beam part

[0103] The high-precision bolt 8 and the nut 9 connecting the metal joint 3 to the upper beam part are disassembled, and the wall skin is installed.

[0104] The 90° angle air drill is reused to drill connecting holes along the metal joint 3. The high-precision bolt 8 and the nut 9 are used to connect the metal joint 3, the upper beam part, and the inner and outer wall skins.

[0105] 13. Installation of the closed end rib part

[0106] Preliminary positioning of the closed end rib part. The closed end rib part is preliminarily attached to the closed end rib upper fixed reference end 51 and the closed end rib lower fixed reference end 53.

[0107] Final positioning of the end rib part. The closed end rib upper adjustable reference end 55 and the closed end rib lower adjustable reference end 57 are used to move along the direction of the end face of the closed end rib part, so that the end face of the closed end rib part is fully attached to the closed end rib upper fixed reference end 51 and the closed end rib lower fixed reference end 53.

[0108] The default closed end rib part edge has a process allowance of 2-5mm, which is used for coordination during the closed end rib assembly process. According to the control requirements of the spanwise dimension of the composite assembly structure along the end rib direction, the closed end rib upper adjustable reference end 55 and the closed end rib lower adjustable reference end 57 are adjusted using the upper beam positioning measuring part 32 and the lower beam positioning measuring part 33. When the scale line 34 on the lead screw coincides with the long line in the sleeve scale line 36, it is the 0 point theoretical position.

[0109] 14. Assembly connection of closed end rib part

[0110] Based on the closed end rib part which has been positioned on the assembly fixture, the closed end rib part is drilled with the closed end rib upper adjustable datum end 55 and the closed end rib part drill jig 65. After the initial hole is made, the closed end rib upper adjustable datum end 55 and the closed end rib part drill jig 65 are removed, and the hole is sequentially reamed, counter bored, dimpled, etc. to finally install the standard part defined by the gauge.

[0111] The purpose of this step is to ensure that the complete composite assembly structure is formed, and other standard parts in the structure are connected. In order to save costs and improve the efficiency of the assembly fixture, a steel drill jig template can be used, which is positioned according to the size characteristics and positioning lines of the composite assembly structure.

[0112] 15. Composite assembly structure contour processing

[0113] The contour scribing template 27 is installed on the first and second clamping plates 19 and 20, and the contour scribing template 27 is scribed on the composite assembly structure. The contour scribing template 27 is removed, the first and second clamping plates 19 and 20 are opened, and the composite assembly structure is removed from the assembly fixture. The metal joint 3 is removed, the edge of the composite assembly structure is cut along the scribe line, and finally the composite assembly structure is obtained.

[0114] 16. Composite assembly structure size inspection

[0115] The composite assembly structure is placed back on the assembly fixture, the lower beam of the composite assembly structure is attached to the lower beam part positioning plate 20, and the closed end rib of the composite assembly structure is attached to the closed end rib upper fixed datum end 51. The closed end rib upper adjustable datum end 55 and the closed end rib lower adjustable datum end 57 are adjusted using the upper beam positioning gauge 32 and the lower beam positioning gauge 33, and the value at which the scribe line 34 coincides with the sleeve scribe line 36 is the spanwise size deviation value.

[0116] The metal joint 3 is positioned on the assembly fixture by the metal joint suspension positioning device 29, and the gap value between the inner surface of the upper beam part and the edge surface side 5 of the upper beam part and the web surface side 6 of the upper beam part is measured using a feeler gauge. According to the difference between the edge surface side 5 of the upper beam part and the web surface side 6 of the upper beam part and the theoretical inner surface of the upper beam part, the actual deviation value of the inner surface of the upper beam part is obtained by conversion.

[0117] Put down the first clamping plate 19 and the second clamping plate 26 and install them on the connecting seat 21 of the lower cross beam 11, use a feeler gauge to measure the gap value between the outer shape surface of the composite assembly structure and the first clamping plate 19 and the second clamping plate 26, and according to the difference between the first clamping plate 19 and the second clamping plate 26 relative to the theoretical outer shape surface of the composite assembly structure, the actual deviation value of the outer shape surface of the composite assembly structure is obtained by conversion.

Claims

1. An assembly tooling for a composite material assembly structure, characterized in that, The assembly fixture includes a metal joint, a frame structure, a positioning plate, an upper beam component, and a lower beam component. The frame structure serves as the supporting frame for the entire assembly fixture. The metal joint is installed on the upper inner side of the frame structure, the upper beam component is installed on the upper inner side of the frame structure, the upper beam component is installed on the lower inner side of the frame structure, and the positioning plate is installed on both sides of the frame structure. The upper beam component, in conjunction with the metal joint and the positioning plate, enables the positioning, drilling, and inspection of the upper beam component and the closed end rib component. The lower beam component, in conjunction with the positioning plate, enables the positioning, drilling, and inspection of the lower beam component and the closed end rib component. The positioning plate, in conjunction with the metal joint, enables the positioning, drilling, and inspection of the inner and outer wall panel skins. The specific structure of the assembly tooling is as follows: The frame structure includes an upper crossbeam (10), a lower crossbeam (11), a left vertical beam (12), and a right vertical beam (13); the upper crossbeam (10), lower crossbeam (11), left vertical beam (12), and right vertical beam (13) are connected to form a basic rectangular frame; multiple L-shaped drill bits (46) are fixed on the lower surface of the upper crossbeam (10) for drilling holes in the upper beam parts and rib parts; The metal joint portion includes a metal joint suspension positioning device (29) and a metal joint (3). The metal joint suspension positioning device (29) includes a vertical spiral positioner (22) and a positioning connector (31). The vertical spiral positioner (22) is a standard part, and its movable section is connected to the positioning connector (31) for positioning and connecting the metal joint (3). There are multiple metal joint suspension positioning devices (29), which are installed on the upper crossbeam (10). The installation position is determined according to the hole making and connection position of the wall panel skin, upper beam parts and rib parts. The movable section of the vertical spiral positioner (22) faces downward. A pin is provided between the movable section and the fixed section of the vertical spiral positioner (22) for determining the longitudinal theoretical position of the metal joint (3). The positioning connector (31) is fixedly connected to the metal joint (3). The lateral position of the metal joint (3) is adjusted by inserting a piece of equal thickness (30) between the two to ensure that the metal joint (3) is in the theoretical position. The metal connector (3) is drilled with the central axis (2) as the reference for connection with the vertical spiral positioner (22) through the positioning connector (31); the working surface of the metal connector (3) on the web side of the composite material fitting beam is the web side of the upper beam part (6), and the working surface on the edge side of the composite material fitting beam is the edge side of the upper beam part (5). The metal connector (3) is provided with a drilling bushing (4) on the extension surface of the edge side (5) of the upper beam part for drilling the connection hole of the connection area of ​​the upper beam edge process allowance and the wall panel skin edge process allowance; the metal connector (3) is designed with a through hole on the web side (6) of the upper beam part, and a detachable drilling jig (7) is fitted on the through hole for drilling the connection hole of the standard part. The positioning plate part includes a first plate (19), a second plate (26), and a shape marking template (27). The first clamping plate (19) consists of three sets, each set including two symmetrical clamping plates arranged on both sides of the frame structure. The three sets of first clamping plates (19) are located in the rib position inside the assembly structure, two sets are arranged vertically and the other set is arranged obliquely. The second clamping plate (26) consists of two sets, each set also including two symmetrical clamping plates arranged on both sides of the frame structure. The two sets of second clamping plates (26) are located in the closed rib position on both sides of the assembly structure, both of which are arranged obliquely. The upper and lower ends of the two clamping plates in each set of the first clamping plate (19) and the second clamping plate (26) are respectively connected to the upper crossbeam (10) and the lower crossbeam (11). The upper end of the clamping plate is hinged to the upper crossbeam (10), and the lower end of the clamping plate is detachably connected to the lower crossbeam (11), so that the two clamping plates in each set can be opened to both sides around the hinge point between their respective upper ends and the upper crossbeam (10). The working surface (25) on one side of the second clamping plate (26) in the thickness direction is extracted and manufactured according to the theoretical position of the edge of the wall panel skin. As a reference for trimming the edge of the wall panel skin; the first clamping plate (19) and the second clamping plate (26) are fixedly installed with a beam support (39), a rib limiter (41) and a rib clamping device (62), wherein the beam support (39) is provided with a spiral clamp (45) which acts on the web surface of the beam to fix the beam; the rib limiter (41) is provided with two perpendicular limiting surfaces (42), one of which is used to limit the rib edge surface to ensure that the rib is located in the center of the skeleton, and the other is used to limit the web surface of the rib to ensure that the rib is accurately located in the skeleton; the rib clamping device (62) is provided with a spiral clamp (45) which acts on the web surface of the rib to ensure that the rib is fixed in the skeleton; the second clamping plate (26) is fixed with a closed end rib drill (65) at the upper fixed end base (58) near the beam part to make holes in the closed end rib. The outline marking template (27) is a segmented template, which is positioned and fixedly installed on each first card plate (19) and each second card plate (26) for cutting the outline of the composite material structure; The upper beam component includes an upper beam positioning measuring component (32), an upper beam component fixed reference end (50), a closed end rib upper fixed reference end (51), an upper beam component adjustable reference end (54), a closed end rib upper adjustable reference end (55), an upper fixed end base (58), and an upper adjustable end base (60). The upper fixed end base (58) is fixed on the upper inner side of the right vertical beam (13). The upper beam part fixed reference end (50) and the upper fixed reference end (51) of the closed end rib are respectively installed on the upper fixed end base (58) through clamping positioning parts (40). The working surface of the upper beam part fixed reference end (50) is manufactured by extracting the shape of one side end face of the upper beam part. The working surface of the upper fixed reference end (51) of the closed end rib is manufactured by extracting the shape of one side end face of the closed end rib part. The two serve as positioning references for the upper beam part and the closed end rib part. The upper adjustable end base (60) is fixed on the lower surface of the upper crossbeam (10) away from the right vertical beam (13). The upper beam positioning measuring component (32) is installed on the upper adjustable end base (60) and is a telescopic structure. The adjustable reference end (54) of the upper beam part and the upper adjustable reference end (55) of the closed end rib are installed at the telescopic end of the upper beam positioning measuring component (32) to realize the positioning and measurement of the upper beam part and the closed end rib part in the length direction. A drilling bushing is made on the upper adjustable reference end (55) of the closed end rib for drilling. The lower beam component includes a lower beam component positioning plate (20), a lower beam positioning measuring component (33), a lower beam component fixed reference end (52), a closed end rib lower fixed reference end (53), a lower beam component adjustable reference end (56), a closed end rib lower adjustable reference end (57), a lower fixed end base (59), and a lower adjustable end base (61). The lower beam part positioning plate (20) is fixedly connected to the middle of the upper surface of the lower crossbeam (11). Various positioning components are installed on it, including an L-shaped screw fastener (47) that restricts the width direction of the lower beam part, a pressure plate (48) that restricts the thickness direction of the lower beam part, and a clamp (49) that restricts the thickness direction of the lower beam part. A spiral clamping device (45) is also fixed on the lower beam part positioning plate (20) for clamping the lower beam part in the thickness direction. A drill jig (44) is fixedly installed on the lower beam part positioning plate (20) for drilling standard connection holes between the lower beam part and the rib part. The lower fixed end base (59) is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the lower crossbeam (11) near the right vertical beam (13). The lower beam part fixed reference end (52) and the lower fixed reference end (53) of the closed end rib are fixedly installed on the lower fixed end base (59) as positioning references in the length direction of the lower beam part and the closed end rib part. The lower adjustable end base (61) is fixed on the lower inner side of the left vertical beam (12). The lower beam positioning measuring component (33) is fixedly installed on the lower adjustable end base (61). It is a telescopic structure. The adjustable reference end (56) of the lower beam part and the adjustable reference end (57) of the lower closed end rib are installed at the telescopic end of the lower beam positioning measuring component (33). They cooperate with the fixed reference end (52) of the lower beam part and the fixed reference end (53) of the lower closed end rib to realize the positioning and measurement of the lower beam part and the closed end rib part in the length direction.

2. The assembly tooling for a composite material assembly structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper crossbeam (10), lower crossbeam (11), left vertical beam (12), and right vertical beam (13) are all equipped with target point positioning bushings (18) for positioning or inspecting components on the frame structure.

3. The assembly tooling for a composite material assembly structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The web surface (6) of the upper beam part on the metal joint (3) is offset by 2mm to the inner surface of the composite material fitting beam according to the theoretical position, and the edge surface (5) of the upper beam part is offset by 0.5mm to the inner surface of the composite material fitting beam according to the theoretical position. The offset between the two and the theoretical position is used to realize the manufacturing process compensation and measurement function by inserting gap shims.

4. The assembly tooling for a composite material assembly structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, in, After drilling the connection holes in the connection area of ​​the upper beam edge strip process allowance and the wall panel skin edge process allowance through the metal joint (3), the parts of the metal joint (3) are connected by high precision bolts (8) and nuts (9). The main body of the high precision bolt (8) is a smooth rod with threads at the end. The precision of the smooth rod ensures the connection accuracy between the high precision bolt (8) and the metal joint (3), the upper beam parts, and the wall panel skin. The threaded part is screwed to the nut (9).

5. The assembly tooling for a composite material assembly structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper and lower ends of the two plates in each group of the first plate (19) and the second plate (26) are connected to the upper beam (10) and the lower beam (11) respectively by connecting seats (21). Each plate has a pin-type plate end (43) fixed at one end, which is hinged to the connecting seat (21) on the upper beam (10) by a pin shaft (69). The other end is fixed with a hinged plate end (24). The hinged plate end (24) has a hook-shaped opening at the end. A hinged locking fork (23) is installed in the connecting seat (21) on the lower beam (11). The hinged plate end (24) is hooked on the hinged locking fork (23) to achieve a detachable connection.

6. The assembly tooling for a composite material assembly structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The frame structure also includes an upper frame beam (14), which is a rectangular frame, horizontally arranged and fixedly connected above the upper crossbeam (10). Multiple card plate buckles (64) are provided on both sides of the upper frame beam (14). The first card plate (19) and the second card plate (26) are hung on the card plate buckles (64) after being opened.

7. The assembly tooling for a composite material assembly structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper beam positioning measuring component (32) includes a sleeve (35), a slotted lead screw (37), a positioning pin (38), a T-key (66), and a handle nut (67). One end of the sleeve (35) has a semi-circular annular groove, and the other end has a T-key limiting hole (70) on its side. The middle of the sleeve body is hollowed out, and the hollowed-out area has sleeve engravings (36). The handle nut (67) has an axially provided boss on its outside, which is in clearance fit with the semi-circular annular groove of the sleeve (35), so that the handle nut (67) can rotate around its own axis in the annular groove. The handle nut (67) has an axially provided threaded through hole. The outer diameter of the slotted lead screw (37) matches the inner diameter of the sleeve (35). One end of the lead screw is screwed to the handle nut (67). Rotating the handle nut (67) causes the slotted lead screw (37) to move in the sleeve (35). The other end is fixed to the upper beam component and is adjustable. The reference end (54) and the upper adjustable reference end (55) of the closed end rib are provided. The slotted screw (37) is provided with a slot (68) along the length direction. One end of the T-key (66) acts in the slot (68) and the other end acts in the T-key limiting hole (70) of the sleeve (35) to restrict the movement of the slotted screw (37) along its own axis direction and prevent it from deflecting around the axis direction. The slotted screw (37) is designed with a scribing line (34) to cooperate with the scribing line (36) of the sleeve to realize the positioning and measurement of the part. The sleeve (35) and the slotted screw (37) are provided with a coaxial through hole (71) at the theoretical position to insert the positioning pin (38) to realize the fixed position of the adjustable reference end (54) of the upper beam part and the adjustable reference end (55) of the upper closed end rib. The lower beam positioning measuring component (33) has the same structure as the upper beam positioning measuring component (32).

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