A fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck chassis layout method and gas carrying capacity calculation method

Abstract

The present invention relates to a chassis layout mode and a method for calculating the gas load of a fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck. The hydrogen source of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck includes a first hydrogen source and a second hydrogen source. The first hydrogen source is a small-volume hydrogen source, and the first hydrogen source is arranged in the middle of the semi-trailer front frame; the second hydrogen source is a large-volume hydrogen source, and the second hydrogen source is arranged in the middle of the semi-trailer cargo box frame; and the hydrogen quality of the second hydrogen source is determined according to the semi-trailer cargo box load. By designing the second hydrogen source as a large-volume gas source, and the hydrogen quality of the second hydrogen source is determined according to the cargo box load, on the one hand, the layout space of the semi-trailer cargo box can be fully utilized; on the other hand, the quality of the hydrogen source can be adaptively selected, thereby avoiding the problem of increased hydrogen consumption due to excessive hydrogen carrying, or insufficient truck endurance due to insufficient hydrogen carrying, thereby improving the hydrogen utilization efficiency of the whole vehicle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, and particularly relates to a chassis layout method and a gas carrying capacity calculation method for a fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck. Background Art

[0002] In the prior art, for the chassis layout method of a fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck, generally, the hydrogen gas source is arranged at the front of the vehicle head, behind the cab, or externally hung on both sides of the vehicle body. For the above layout methods, on the one hand, arranging all hydrogen gas sources at the front of the vehicle head greatly wastes the layout space, and when the vehicle head runs without a cargo box, it increases unnecessary load, thus increasing hydrogen consumption; on the other hand, due to the limited space at the front of the vehicle head, the arrangement of the hydrogen capacity is also limited, thereby restricting the endurance of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck. For the layout method of externally hanging hydrogen cylinders on the vehicle body, there are safety hazards. One is the problem that the external hydrogen source is prone to hydrogen leakage or even explosion in the event of a traffic accident. In addition, externally hanging hydrogen cylinders causes the vehicle's center of mass to deviate from the vehicle's symmetry plane, or the problem of vehicle driving stability caused by the increase in the center of mass.

[0003] In addition, in the prior art, the total amount of hydrogen source in a fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck is a fixed amount, but the weights of the goods in different cargo boxes are inconsistent. Carrying a fixed gas source at the vehicle head is likely to lead to insufficient endurance or a decrease in hydrogen utilization rate; under the current limitation of the number of hydrogen refueling stations, it may cause the vehicle to have insufficient endurance due to too long a mileage, or the problem of hydrogen consumption due to too short a mileage. With a fixed hydrogen carrying capacity, it is impossible to find the optimal hydrogen carrying capacity between endurance and efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to design a chassis layout method and a gas carrying capacity calculation method for a fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck to solve the problems existing in the above prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a chassis layout method and a gas carrying capacity calculation method for a fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck, aiming to optimize the chassis layout method of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck, and while ensuring safety, select an appropriate one according to different cargo boxes of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A chassis layout method for a fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck, wherein the hydrogen source of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck includes a first hydrogen source and a second hydrogen source. The first hydrogen source is a small-volume hydrogen source, and the first hydrogen source is arranged in the middle of the semi-trailer head frame; the second hydrogen source is a large-volume hydrogen source, and the second hydrogen source is arranged in the middle of the semi-trailer cargo box frame; and the hydrogen mass of the second hydrogen source is determined according to the load of the semi-trailer cargo box.

[0008] The fuel cell hydrogen path subsystem of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck includes a first hydrogen source, a second hydrogen source, a first manual valve, a second manual valve, a four-way joint, a pressure relief and inflation manual valve, a third manual valve, a fourth manual valve, a hydrogen high-pressure assembly, an ejector, a gas-water separator and a tail exhaust solenoid valve. The downstream of the first hydrogen source is connected to the first manual valve, and the downstream of the first manual valve is connected to the first interface of the four-way joint; the downstream of the second hydrogen source is sequentially connected to the second manual valve and the fourth manual valve, and the downstream of the fourth manual valve is connected to the second interface of the four-way joint; the third interface of the four-way joint is connected to the pressure relief and inflation manual valve; the fourth interface of the four-way joint is sequentially connected to the third manual valve, the hydrogen high-pressure assembly and the ejector, the ejector is connected to the anode inlet of the fuel cell, the anode outlet of the fuel cell is connected to the gas-water separator, the gas outlet of the gas-water separator is connected to the ejector, and the liquid outlet of the gas-water separator is connected to the tail exhaust solenoid valve.

[0009] Further, the fuel cell of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck is arranged at the lower end of the semi-trailer head cab, and the battery of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck is arranged at the front end of the semi-trailer head.

[0010] Further, when the semi-trailer head of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck mounts the semi-trailer cargo box, first close the first manual valve and the third manual valve; then briefly open the pressure relief and inflation manual valve for pressure relief, and then close the pressure relief and inflation manual valve; then connect the second manual valve downstream of the second hydrogen source to the fourth manual valve, and after opening the second manual valve and the fourth manual valve, briefly open the pressure relief and inflation manual valve to discharge the air entering the pipeline, and immediately close the pressure relief and inflation manual valve; finally, open the first manual valve and the third manual valve to complete the connection of the second hydrogen source in the fuel cell hydrogen path subsystem.

[0011] Further, when the semi-trailer head of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck disconnects the semi-trailer cargo box, close the first manual valve, the second manual valve and the third manual valve, open the pressure relief and inflation manual valve to complete pressure relief, and then close the pressure relief and inflation manual valve and the fourth manual valve; disconnect the second manual valve from the fourth manual valve, open the first manual valve, briefly open the pressure relief and inflation manual valve to complete the discharge of air, and then close the pressure relief and inflation manual valve; open the third manual valve to complete the disconnection of the second hydrogen source in the fuel cell hydrogen path subsystem.

[0012] The present invention also provides a method for calculating the gas carrying capacity based on the above fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck chassis layout method. The hydrogen mass of the second hydrogen source is determined according to the load weight of the semi-trailer cargo box, specifically as follows:

[0013] S1. Determine the mass m2_H2 of the second hydrogen source;

[0014] S2. According to the mass m2_H2 of the second hydrogen source and the selected cylinder parameters of the second hydrogen source, determine the number of cylinders n that the semi-trailer cargo box needs to carry.

[0015] Further, the specific method for determining the mass m2_H2 of the second hydrogen source in S1 is as follows:

[0016] S1-1. Determine the relationship between the total actual hydrogen consumption M of a fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck and the operating current I(P(T)) of the fuel cell stack; specifically as follows:

[0017] The total actual hydrogen consumption M of a fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck is calculated by the following formula:

[0018] M = M_d / α (1);

[0019] In the formula, α is the fuel utilization rate, usually taken as 0.96; M_d is the total theoretical hydrogen consumption of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck, and M_d is calculated by the following formula:

[0020] M_d = d / d_clc * M_gas (2);

[0021] In the formula, d is the total driving distance of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck; d_clc is the driving distance of a standard working condition; M_gas is the theoretical hydrogen consumption in a standard working condition;

[0022] The driving distance d_clc of a standard working condition is calculated by the following formula:

[0023]

[0024] In the formula, V(T) is the relationship between the speed V and time T of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck. According to the standard operating condition diagram of a semi-trailer truck, the duration of the standard operating condition is 1800s, and the relationship V(T) between the speed V and time T of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck is determined;

[0025] The theoretical hydrogen consumption M_gas in a standard working condition is calculated by the following formula:

[0026]

[0027] In the formula, m_gas(T) is the hydrogen mass flow rate consumed by the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck, and m_gas(T) is calculated by the following formula:

[0028] m_gas(T) = I(P(T)) * n / f (5);

[0029] In the formula, n is the number of single cell pieces of the stack; f is the Faraday constant; I(P(T)) is the operating current of the fuel cell stack;

[0030] S1-2. Determine the output power P(T) of the fuel cell system of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck, specifically as follows:

[0031] The output power P(T) of the fuel cell system of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck is calculated by the following formula:

[0032] P(T) = W_V(T) / T (6);

[0033] Wherein, W_V(T) is the total work consumed during the operation of the fuel cell semi-trailer truck, and W_V(T) is calculated by the following formula:

[0034] W_V(T) = W_mov(T) + P_ac * T (7);

[0035] Wherein, P_ac is the air-conditioning power, which is determined by the in-vehicle air-conditioning model and is a known quantity; W_mov(T) is the work done during the operation of the fuel cell semi-trailer truck, and W_mov(T) is calculated by the following formula:

[0036] W_mov(T) = F(T) * V(T) * T (8);

[0037] Wherein, F(T) is the resultant force acting on the fuel cell semi-trailer truck during operation, and F(T) is calculated by the following formula:

[0038] F(T) = F_mov(T) + F_w(T) + F_f (9);

[0039] Wherein, F_mov(T) is the traction force of the fuel cell semi-trailer truck during operation, F_w(T) is the air resistance of the fuel cell semi-trailer truck during operation, and F_f is the rolling resistance of the fuel cell semi-trailer truck during operation;

[0040] S1-3. Obtain the operating current I(P(T)) of the fuel cell stack through the polarization curve according to the output power P(T) of the fuel cell system of the fuel cell semi-trailer truck;

[0041] S1-4. Substitute the I(P(T)) obtained in step S1-3 into step S1-1 to calculate the relationship between the total actual hydrogen consumption M of the fuel cell semi-trailer truck and the mass m2_H2 of the second hydrogen source.

[0042] Further, the traction force F_mov(T) of the fuel cell semi-trailer truck during operation in step S1-2 is calculated by the following formula:

[0043] F_mov(T) = a(T) * m (10);

[0044] Wherein, a(T) is the acceleration of the fuel cell semi-trailer truck; m is the mass of the fuel cell semi-trailer truck;

[0045] The acceleration a(T) of the fuel cell semi-trailer truck is calculated by the following formula;

[0046] a(T) = V'(T) (11);

[0047] The mass m of the fuel cell semi-trailer truck is calculated by the following formula;

[0048] m = m_f + m_p + m_r + m1_H2 + m2_H2 (12);

[0049] Wherein, m_f is the mass of the semi-trailer tractor head excluding the first hydrogen source, which is a known quantity; m_p is the mass of the personnel, which is a known quantity; m_r is the mass of the semi-trailer cargo box excluding the second hydrogen source, which is a known quantity; m1_H2 is the mass of the first hydrogen source, which is a known quantity; m2_H2 is the mass of the second hydrogen source.

[0050] Furthermore, the air resistance F_w(T) of the fuel cell semi-trailer truck during operation in step S1-2 is calculated by the following formula:

[0051] F_w(T) = 1 / 2 * ρ_air * V(T) 2 * S * Cd (13);

[0052] Wherein, ρ_air is the air density, which is a known quantity; S is the frontal area of the fuel cell semi-trailer truck, which is a known quantity; Cd is the wind resistance coefficient of the fuel cell semi-trailer truck, which is a known quantity.

[0053] Furthermore, the rolling resistance F_f of the fuel cell semi-trailer truck during operation in step S1-2 is calculated by the following formula:

[0054] F_f = m * g * Cp (14);

[0055] Wherein, m is the mass of the fuel cell semi-trailer truck; g is the acceleration due to gravity; Cp is the rolling resistance coefficient, which is a known quantity.

[0056] Furthermore, in step S2, according to the mass m2_H2 of the second hydrogen source and the selected cylinder parameters of the second hydrogen source, the number of cylinders n that the semi-trailer cargo box needs to carry is determined as follows:

[0057] The cylinder parameters of the second hydrogen source include the cylinder mass m1 and the mass m2 of hydrogen that can be loaded in a single cylinder;

[0058] m2 * n > M (15);

[0059] Wherein, the number of cylinders n takes the smallest integer.

[0060] m2_H2 = (m1 + m2) * n (16);

[0061] Substitute the relationship between the total actual hydrogen consumption M of the fuel cell semi-trailer truck obtained in step S1 and the mass m2_H2 of the second hydrogen source into formula (15) and formula (16) to obtain the number of cylinders n that the semi-trailer cargo box needs to carry.

[0062] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0063] (1) By designing the hydrogen source of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck into two parts, namely the first hydrogen source and the second hydrogen source, with the first hydrogen source located in the semi-trailer head and the second hydrogen source located in the semi-trailer cargo box, when the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck runs without the cargo box, the operating hydrogen consumption is relatively low, and at this time, a small-volume first hydrogen source can meet the operating requirements; when the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck runs with the cargo box, the operating hydrogen consumption increases, and at this time, the second hydrogen source in the semi-trailer cargo box and the first hydrogen source together meet the operating requirements, minimizing hydrogen loss as much as possible.

[0064] (2) By designing the first hydrogen source as a small-volume gas source, it is convenient to arrange it in the limited space of the semi-trailer head. The volume of the semi-trailer cargo box is usually positively correlated with its maximum load capacity. The larger the maximum load capacity, the larger the volume of the semi-trailer cargo box and the longer its length. By designing the second hydrogen source as a large-volume gas source and determining the hydrogen mass of the second hydrogen source according to the cargo box load, on the one hand, the layout space of the semi-trailer cargo box can be fully utilized; on the other hand, the mass of the hydrogen source can be adaptively selected, thus avoiding the problem of increased hydrogen consumption caused by excessive hydrogen loading or insufficient vehicle endurance caused by too little hydrogen loading, thereby improving the hydrogen utilization efficiency of the whole vehicle.

[0065] (3) According to the load capacity of the semi-trailer cargo box, calculate and determine the number of gas cylinders of the second hydrogen source in the semi-trailer cargo box, and install an appropriate number of hydrogen gas cylinders in the frame of the semi-trailer cargo box to ensure both the vehicle's endurance and higher operating efficiency.

[0066] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the subsequent specification, and some of them will become obvious from the specification or can be understood by implementing the present invention. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention can be achieved and obtained through the structures pointed out in the specification and the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0067] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0068] Figure 1 Shows a schematic diagram of the chassis layout structure of the semi-trailer head frame of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0069] Figure 2 Shows a schematic diagram of the chassis layout structure of the semi-trailer cargo box frame of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0070] Figure 3The structure schematic diagram of the fuel cell hydrogen path subsystem of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck according to the embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0071] Figure 4 The standard operating condition diagram of the semi-trailer truck according to the embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0072] In the figure: 1. Semi-trailer head frame; 2. Battery; 3. Fuel cell; 4. First hydrogen source; 5. Semi-trailer box frame; 6. Second hydrogen source; 7. First hand valve; 8. Four-way joint; 9. Second hand valve; 10. Pressure relief and inflation hand valve; 11. Third hand valve; 12. Hydrogen high-pressure component; 13. Ejector; 14. Gas-water separator; 15. Tail exhaust solenoid valve; 16. Fourth hand valve. Specific embodiments

[0073] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Apparently, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0074] The embodiment of the present invention proposes a chassis layout method for a fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck. As shown in the attached Figures 1-3 figure, the hydrogen sources of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck include a first hydrogen source 4 and a second hydrogen source 6. The first hydrogen source 4 is a small-volume hydrogen source, and the first hydrogen source 4 is arranged in the middle of the semi-trailer head frame 1; the second hydrogen source 6 is a large-volume hydrogen source, and the second hydrogen source 6 is arranged in the middle of the semi-trailer box frame 5; and the hydrogen mass of the second hydrogen source 6 is determined according to the load capacity of the semi-trailer box.

[0075] The fuel cell hydrogen path subsystem of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck includes a first hydrogen source 4, a second hydrogen source 6, a first hand valve 7, a second hand valve 9, a four-way joint 8, a pressure relief and inflation hand valve 10, a third hand valve 11, a fourth hand valve 16, a hydrogen high-pressure component 12, an ejector 13, a gas-water separator 14, and a tail exhaust solenoid valve 15. The downstream of the first hydrogen source 4 is connected to the first hand valve 7, and the downstream of the first hand valve 7 is connected to the first interface of the four-way joint 8; the downstream of the second hydrogen source 6 is sequentially connected to the second hand valve 9 and the fourth hand valve 16, and the downstream of the fourth hand valve 16 is connected to the second interface of the four-way joint 8; the third interface of the four-way joint 8 is connected to the pressure relief and inflation hand valve 10; the fourth interface of the four-way joint 8 is sequentially connected to the third hand valve 11, the hydrogen high-pressure component 12, and the ejector 13. The ejector 13 is connected to the anode inlet of the fuel cell 3, the anode outlet of the fuel cell 3 is connected to the gas-water separator 14, the gas outlet of the gas-water separator 14 is connected to the ejector 13, and the liquid outlet of the gas-water separator 14 is connected to the tail exhaust solenoid valve 15.

[0076] By designing the hydrogen source of the fuel cell semi-trailer truck into two parts, namely the first hydrogen source and the second hydrogen source, with the first hydrogen source located in the semi-trailer head and the second hydrogen source located in the semi-trailer cargo box, when the fuel cell semi-trailer truck runs without towing the cargo box, the operating hydrogen consumption is relatively low, and at this time, a small-volume first hydrogen source can meet the operating requirements; when the fuel cell semi-trailer truck runs while towing the cargo box, the operating hydrogen consumption increases, and at this time, the second hydrogen source in the semi-trailer cargo box and the first hydrogen source together meet the operating requirements, minimizing hydrogen consumption as much as possible.

[0077] By designing the first hydrogen source as a small-volume gas source, it is convenient to arrange it in the limited space of the semi-trailer head. The volume of the semi-trailer cargo box is usually positively correlated with its maximum load capacity. The larger the maximum load capacity, the larger the volume of the semi-trailer cargo box and the longer its length. By designing the second hydrogen source as a large-volume gas source and determining the hydrogen mass of the second hydrogen source according to the cargo box load capacity, on the one hand, the layout space of the semi-trailer cargo box can be fully utilized; on the other hand, the mass of the hydrogen source can be adaptively selected, thus avoiding the problem of increased hydrogen consumption caused by excessive hydrogen loading or insufficient truck endurance caused by too little hydrogen loading, thereby improving the hydrogen utilization efficiency of the whole vehicle.

[0078] The fuel cell 3 of the fuel cell semi-trailer truck is arranged at the lower end of the semi-trailer head cab, as far as possible to avoid hydrogen leakage caused by damage to the fuel cell body in case of an accident and prevent secondary accidents; the battery 2 of the fuel cell semi-trailer truck is arranged at the front end of the semi-trailer head to make full use of the airflow generated during vehicle operation to enhance the heat dissipation of the battery.

[0079] When the semi-trailer head of the fuel cell semi-trailer truck mounts the semi-trailer cargo box, first close the first hand valve 7 and the third hand valve 11; then briefly open the pressure relief and inflation hand valve 10 for pressure relief and then close the pressure relief and inflation hand valve 10; subsequently, connect the second hand valve 9 downstream of the second hydrogen source 6 to the fourth hand valve 16, and after opening the second hand valve 8 and the fourth hand valve 16, briefly open the pressure relief and inflation hand valve 10 to discharge the air entering the pipeline and then immediately close the pressure relief and inflation hand valve 10; finally, open the first hand valve 7 and the third hand valve 9 to complete the connection of the second hydrogen source 6 in the fuel cell hydrogen path subsystem.

[0080] When the semi-trailer head of the fuel cell semi-trailer truck disconnects the semi-trailer cargo box, close the first hand valve 7, the second hand valve 9 and the third hand valve 11, open the pressure relief and inflation hand valve 10 to complete pressure relief and then close the pressure relief and inflation hand valve 10 and the fourth hand valve 16; disconnect the second hand valve 9 from the fourth hand valve 16, open the first hand valve 7, briefly open the pressure relief and inflation hand valve 10 to discharge the air and then close the pressure relief and inflation hand valve 10; open the third hand valve 11 to complete the disconnection of the second hydrogen source 6 in the fuel cell hydrogen path subsystem.

[0081] When the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck needs to be refueled, open the first hand valve 7 to refuel the first hydrogen source 4, or open the second hand valve 9 to refuel the second hydrogen source 6.

[0082] The present invention also provides a method for calculating the gas carrying capacity based on the chassis layout of a fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck. The hydrogen mass of the second hydrogen source 6 is determined according to the load capacity of the semi-trailer cargo box, specifically as follows:

[0083] S1. Determine the mass m2_H2 of the second hydrogen source;

[0084] S2. According to the mass m2_H2 of the second hydrogen source and the selected cylinder parameters of the second hydrogen source, determine the number of cylinders n that the semi-trailer cargo box needs to carry.

[0085] The specific method for determining the mass m2_H2 of the second hydrogen source in step S1 is as follows:

[0086] S1-1. Determine the relationship between the total actual hydrogen consumption M of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck and the operating current I(P(T)) of the fuel cell stack; specifically as follows:

[0087] The total actual hydrogen consumption M of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck is calculated by the following formula:

[0088] M = M_d / α (1);

[0089] In the formula, α is the fuel utilization rate, usually taken as 0.96; M_d is the total theoretical hydrogen consumption of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck, and M_d is calculated by the following formula:

[0090] M_d = d / d_clc * M_gas (2);

[0091] In the formula, d is the total driving distance of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck; d_clc is the driving distance under a standard working condition; M_gas is the theoretical hydrogen consumption in a standard working condition;

[0092] The driving distance d_clc under a standard working condition is calculated by the following formula:

[0093]

[0094] In the formula, V(T) is the relationship between the speed V and time T of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck. According to the standard operating condition diagram of the semi-trailer truck, as Figure 4 shown, the duration of the standard operating condition is 1800s, and determine the relationship V(T) between the speed V and time T of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck;

[0095] The theoretical hydrogen consumption M_gas in a standard working condition is calculated by the following formula:

[0096]

[0097] In the formula, \(m_{gas}(T)\) is the mass flow rate of hydrogen consumed by the fuel cell semi-trailer truck, and \(m_{gas}(T)\) is calculated by the following formula:

[0098] \(m_{gas}(T)=I(P(T))\times n / f\ (5);\

[0099] In the formula, \(n\) is the number of single cells in the stack; \(f\) is the Faraday constant; \(I(P(T))\) is the operating current of the fuel cell stack;

[0100] S1 - 2. Determine the output power \(P(T)\) of the fuel cell system of the fuel cell semi-trailer truck, specifically as follows:

[0101] The output power \(P(T)\) of the fuel cell system of the fuel cell semi-trailer truck is calculated by the following formula:

[0102] \(P(T)=W_V(T) / T\ (6);\

[0103] In the formula, \(W_V(T)\) is the total work consumed during the operation of the fuel cell semi-trailer truck, and \(W_V(T)\) is calculated by the following formula:

[0104] \(W_V(T)=W_{mov}(T)+P_{ac}\times T\ (7);\

[0105] In the formula, \(P_{ac}\) is the air conditioner power, which is determined by the in-vehicle air conditioner model and is a known quantity; \(W_{mov}(T)\) is the work done during the operation of the fuel cell semi-trailer truck, and \(W_{mov}(T)\) is calculated by the following formula:

[0106] \(W_{mov}(T)=F(T)\times V(T)\times T\ (8);\

[0107] In the formula, \(F(T)\) is the resultant force acting on the fuel cell semi-trailer truck during operation, and \(F(T)\) is calculated by the following formula:

[0108] \(F(T)=F_{mov}(T)+F_w(T)+F_f\ (9);\

[0109] In the formula, \(F_{mov}(T)\) is the traction force during the operation of the fuel cell semi-trailer truck, \(F_w(T)\) is the air resistance during the operation of the fuel cell semi-trailer truck, and \(F_f\) is the rolling resistance during the operation of the fuel cell semi-trailer truck;

[0110] S1 - 3. According to the output power \(P(T)\) of the fuel cell system of the fuel cell semi-trailer truck, obtain the operating current \(I(P(T))\) of the fuel cell stack through the polarization curve;

[0111] S1 - 4. Substitute the \(I(P(T))\) obtained in step S1 - 3 into step S1 - 1 to calculate the relationship between the total actual hydrogen consumption \(M\) of the fuel cell semi-trailer truck and the mass \(m_{2H_2}\) of the second hydrogen source.

[0112] The specific calculation of each component force of the resultant force F(T) acting on the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck during operation in step S1-2 is as follows:

[0113] The traction force F_mov(T) of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck during operation is calculated by the following formula:

[0114] F_mov(T) = a(T) * m (10);

[0115] In the formula, a(T) is the acceleration of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck; m is the mass of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck;

[0116] The acceleration a(T) of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck is calculated by the following formula;

[0117] a(T) = V'(T) (11);

[0118] The mass m of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck is calculated by the following formula;

[0119] m = m_f + m_p + m_r + m1_H2 + m2_H2 (12);

[0120] In the formula, m_f is the mass of the semi-trailer head excluding the first hydrogen source, which is a known quantity; m_p is the mass of the personnel, which is a known quantity; m_r is the mass of the semi-trailer cargo box excluding the second hydrogen source, which is a known quantity; m1_H2 is the mass of the first hydrogen source, which is a known quantity; m2_H2 is the mass of the second hydrogen source;

[0121] The air resistance F_w(T) of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck during operation is calculated by the following formula:

[0122] F_w(T) = 1 / 2 * ρ_air * V(T) 2 * S * Cd (13);

[0123] In the formula, ρ_air is the air density, which is a known quantity; S is the frontal area of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck, which is a known quantity; Cd is the drag coefficient of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck, which is a known quantity;

[0124] The rolling resistance F_f of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck during operation is calculated by the following formula:

[0125] F_f = m * g * Cp (14);

[0126] In the formula, m is the mass of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck; g is the acceleration due to gravity; Cp is the rolling resistance coefficient, which is a known quantity.

[0127] In step S2, according to the mass m2_H2 of the second hydrogen source and the selected cylinder parameters of the second hydrogen source, the number of cylinders n that the semi-trailer cargo box needs to carry is determined as follows:

[0128] The cylinder parameters of the second hydrogen source include the cylinder mass m1 and the mass of hydrogen that can be loaded in a single cylinder m2;

[0129] m2*n>M (15);

[0130] In the formula, the number of cylinders n takes the smallest integer.

[0131] m2_H2 = (m1 + m2)*n (16);

[0132] Substitute the relationship between the total actual hydrogen consumption M of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck obtained in step S1 and the mass m2_H2 of the second hydrogen source into formula (15) and formula (16) to calculate the number of cylinders n that the semi-trailer cargo box needs to carry.

[0133] According to the load capacity of the semi-trailer cargo box, determine the number of cylinders of the second hydrogen source of the semi-trailer cargo box through calculation, and install an appropriate number of hydrogen cylinders in the semi-trailer cargo box frame to ensure the vehicle's endurance and maintain a higher operating efficiency.

[0134] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for calculating the hydrogen carrying capacity of a fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck chassis layout, wherein the hydrogen sources of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck include a first hydrogen source and a second hydrogen source. The first hydrogen source is a small-volume hydrogen source, and the first hydrogen source is arranged in the middle of the semi-trailer headframe; the second hydrogen source is a large-volume hydrogen source, and the second hydrogen source is arranged in the middle of the semi-trailer cargo box frame; and the mass of hydrogen in the second hydrogen source is determined according to the load capacity of the semi-trailer cargo box, and it is characterized in that, The hydrogen mass of the second hydrogen source is determined according to the load capacity of the semi-trailer cargo box, as follows: S1. Determine the mass of the second hydrogen source Specifically as follows: S1-1. Determine the total actual hydrogen consumption of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck and the operating current of the fuel cell stack The relationship is as follows: Total actual hydrogen consumption of fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck Calculated by the following formula: (1) ； where α is the fuel utilization rate, taking 0.96; is the total theoretical hydrogen consumption of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck, which is calculated by the following formula: (2) ； In the formula, is the total driving distance of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck; is the driving distance under a standard working condition; is the theoretical hydrogen consumption in a standard working condition; The driving distance under standard conditions It is calculated by the following formula: (3) ； In the formula, is the relationship between the speed V and time T of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck. According to the standard operating condition diagram of the semi-trailer truck, the duration of the standard operating condition is 1800 s, and the relationship between the speed V and time T of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck is determined ; The theoretical hydrogen consumption in a standard operating condition is calculated by the following formula: (4) ； In the formula, is the mass flow rate of hydrogen consumed by the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck, which is calculated by the following formula: (5) ； Where n is the number of single cells in the stack; f is the Faraday constant; is the operating current of the fuel cell stack; S1-2. Determine the output power of the fuel cell system of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck , which is specifically as follows: Output power of the fuel cell system of a fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck It is calculated by the following formula: / T (6) ； In the formula, is the total work consumed during the operation of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck, which is calculated by the following formula: (7) ； In the formula, is the air-conditioning power, which is determined by the model of the vehicle-mounted air conditioner and is a known quantity; is the work done during the operation of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck, which is calculated by the following formula: (8) ； In the formula, is the resultant force acting on the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck during operation, which is calculated by the following formula: (9) ； In the formula, is the traction force when the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck is running, is the air resistance when the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck is running, is the rolling resistance when the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck is running; S1-3. Obtain the operating current of the fuel cell stack according to the output power of the fuel cell system of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck , and obtain the operating current of the fuel cell stack through the polarization curve ; S1-4. Substitute the result obtained in step S1-3 into step S1-1 to calculate the relationship between the total actual hydrogen consumption of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck and the mass of the second hydrogen source ; ​ S2. Determine the number of gas cylinders to be carried by the semi-trailer cargo box according to the mass of the second hydrogen source and the gas cylinder parameters of the selected second hydrogen source .

2. The gas carrying capacity calculation method for the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck chassis layout according to claim 1, characterized in that The traction force when the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck runs in step S1-2 is calculated by the following formula: (10) ； Wherein, is the acceleration of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck; is the mass of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck; Acceleration of a fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck It is calculated by the following formula; (11) ； Fuel cell semi-trailer truck mass Calculated by the following formula; (12) ； In the formula, is the mass of the semi-trailer head excluding the first hydrogen source, which is a known quantity; is the mass of the personnel, which is a known quantity; is the mass of the semi-trailer cargo box excluding the second hydrogen source, which is a known quantity; is the mass of the first hydrogen source, which is a known quantity; is the mass of the second hydrogen source.

3. The gas carrying capacity calculation method for the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck chassis layout according to claim 2, characterized in that, The air resistance during the operation of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck in step S1-2 is calculated by the following formula: (13) ； Wherein, is the air density, which is a known quantity; is the frontal area of the fuel cell semi-trailer truck, which is a known quantity; is the drag coefficient of the fuel cell semi-trailer truck, which is a known quantity.

4. The method for calculating the gas carrying capacity of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck chassis layout according to claim 3, characterized in that, The rolling resistance during the operation of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck in step S1-2 is calculated by the following formula: (14) ； In the formula, m is the mass of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck; g is the acceleration due to gravity; Cp is the rolling resistance coefficient, which is a known quantity.

5. The gas carrying capacity calculation method for the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck chassis layout according to claim 4, characterized in that, The step S2 determines the number of gas cylinders that the semi-trailer cargo box needs to carry according to the mass of the second hydrogen source and the gas cylinder parameters of the selected second hydrogen source as follows: The cylinder parameters of the second hydrogen source include the cylinder mass and the mass of hydrogen that can be loaded in a single cylinder ; (15) ； In the formula, the number of gas cylinders takes the smallest integer; (16) ； Substitute the relational expression between the total actual hydrogen consumption of the fuel cell semi-trailer heavy truck obtained in step S1 and the mass of the second hydrogen source into formula (15) and formula (16) to calculate the number of gas cylinders that the semi-trailer cargo box needs to carry .

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