Automatic oxygenation-based domestic sewage treatment device and method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of based on automatic oxygen assignment domestic sewage treatment device, including including first treatment pool and second treatment pool, first treatment pool is provided with the anaerobic reaction tank and aerobic reaction tank of upper end open, anaerobic reaction tank is internally filled with spherical anaerobic material, for organic matter in wastewater is anaerobic digestion treatment;Aerobic reaction tank is arranged around anaerobic reaction tank, aerobic reaction tank is internally filled with aerobic combined filler, for the wastewater after anaerobic digestion treatment of anaerobic reaction tank is oxidized and decomposed treatment;Aerobic reaction tank top is provided with water distribution oxygen assignment plate;Second treatment pool is communicated with aerobic reaction tank pipeline, and the middle part of second treatment pool is provided with phosphorus removal composite filler, for the wastewater after oxidation and decomposition treatment is phosphorus removal precipitation.The application of a kind of based on automatic oxygen assignment domestic sewage treatment method, using unpowered high-efficiency oxygen assignment technology realizes automatic oxygenation, simultaneously using airflow and wastewater flow direction opposite hedge way, improve oxygenation efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of wastewater treatment technology, specifically relating to a domestic wastewater treatment device and method based on automatic oxygenation. Background Technology

[0002] Based on the current drainage situation in rural areas, most rural domestic sewage treatment methods employ biological treatment, primarily using small-scale, highly integrated equipment and facilities. Rural domestic sewage differs from urban sewage in that it mainly consists of wastewater from washing, bathing, and some sanitary ware, with the volume varying depending on the region's economic level. Rural domestic sewage is generally characterized by low discharge volume, relatively high organic matter concentration (COD can reach 400-500 mg / L), large daily variation coefficient (generally between 3 and 6), and intermittent discharge.

[0003] Rural domestic sewage treatment technologies are diverse, with existing technologies mainly including biological treatment technologies based on activated sludge processes (anaerobic (anoxic)-aerobic processes, multi-stage A / O processes, SBR and its modified CASS processes, oxidation ditch processes, membrane bioreactor (MBR) processes, etc.); biofilm processes (biological contact oxidation, biological rotating disc processes, biological filters, etc.); anaerobic biological treatment methods (septic tanks, anaerobic biological filters); ecological treatment methods (constructed wetlands, stabilization ponds, underground soil infiltration, artificial rapid infiltration technology); and septic tank treatment methods. Each technology has its own advantages and characteristics. Biological treatment technologies can reduce the concentration of pollutants in sewage; ecological treatment technologies can reduce management difficulty and control operating costs; and combined treatment technologies can further improve system treatment efficiency and explore improvement methods. In my country, the use of combined treatment technologies in rural decentralized treatment is frequent, and the increasing application of household decentralized treatment processes to integrated sewage treatment devices is a development trend in rural domestic sewage treatment.

[0004] The septic tank is an integrated wastewater treatment device, mainly used for the treatment of decentralized domestic sewage. Multiple process steps are completed within the tank. Its technical principle combines biochemical and physical treatment, using microbial decomposition and physical sedimentation to reduce the concentration of pollutants in the wastewater. Using buried biological septic tanks to treat rural domestic sewage has shown good removal rates for ammonia nitrogen, BOD5, turbidity, total nitrogen, chemical oxygen demand, and total phosphorus, making it suitable for the decentralized nature of rural domestic sewage and of practical significance for its widespread application in rural areas. However, it still has some shortcomings: 1. The anaerobic capacity of the device is limited, and its treatment efficiency is limited when the concentration of solid particles in the sewage is high; 2. It requires an aeration device, which consumes a lot of energy, is expensive, and is inconvenient to maintain due to the high cost of external power; 3. Long-term use results in a large amount of scum and sludge, requiring manual cleaning every so often, increasing labor and material costs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a domestic sewage treatment device and method based on automatic oxygenation, which aims to solve the problem that the existing technology uses photovoltaic power generation, and then causes a lot of losses in the process of DC to AC conversion. At the same time, in order to meet the high power demand, a large number of photovoltaics are used, resulting in large investment, which far exceeds the power demand of small sewage treatment equipment.

[0006] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0007] An automatic oxygenation-based domestic wastewater treatment device includes a first treatment tank and a second treatment tank. The first treatment tank contains an anaerobic reaction tank and an aerobic reaction tank, both open at the top. The anaerobic reaction tank is filled with spherical anaerobic material for anaerobic digestion of organic matter in the wastewater. The aerobic reaction tank is located around the anaerobic reaction tank and is filled with aerobic combined packing material for oxidative decomposition of the wastewater after anaerobic digestion. A water distribution and oxygenation plate is installed at the top of the aerobic reaction tank.

[0008] The second treatment tank is connected to the aerobic reaction tank by pipeline. The middle part of the second treatment tank is equipped with phosphorus removal composite packing material, which is used to remove phosphorus and precipitate the wastewater after oxidation and decomposition treatment.

[0009] To optimize the above technical solution, the specific measures also include:

[0010] Furthermore, the heights of both the anaerobic and aerobic reaction tanks are lower than the height of the first treatment tank.

[0011] Furthermore, the height of the water distribution and oxygenation plate installed on the aerobic reaction tank is not higher than that of the anaerobic reaction tank.

[0012] Furthermore, sludge discharge funnels are provided at the bottom of both the anaerobic reactor and the bottom of the second treatment tank, and sludge discharge pipes are provided at the bottom of the sludge discharge funnels.

[0013] Furthermore, a water distribution pipe is provided at the lower end of the anaerobic reactor, and the water distribution pipe is arranged in a grid pattern.

[0014] Furthermore, the anaerobic reactor is equipped with two filter screens, which are horizontally arranged at the top and bottom of the anaerobic reactor, respectively. The spherical anaerobic material is disposed inside the two filter screens, and the mesh size of the filter screens is smaller than that of the spherical anaerobic material.

[0015] Furthermore, an isolation plate is provided at the bottom of the aerobic reaction tank, and an isolation hole is provided on the isolation plate. The diameter of the isolation hole is smaller than the diameter of the aerobic combined packing material, and the aerobic combined packing material is arranged above the isolation plate.

[0016] Furthermore, the water distribution and oxygenation plate includes an upper oxygenation plate and a lower oxygenation plate arranged horizontally at intervals. Several water distribution holes are alternately arranged on the upper and lower oxygenation plates. The flow direction of sewage through the water distribution and oxygenation plate is opposite to the flow direction of air through the water distribution and oxygenation plate.

[0017] Furthermore, a transparent heat collection cover is provided on the top of the first treatment tank, an exhaust pipe is provided on the heat collection cover, a non-powered rotating fan is provided at the top of the exhaust pipe, an air inlet pipe is provided at the upper end of the aerobic reaction tank, the lower end of the air inlet pipe is located at the lower end of the water distribution and oxygenation plate, the upper end of the air inlet pipe extends out of the heat collection cover, and a rain cap is provided at the top of the air inlet pipe.

[0018] Furthermore, two partitions are horizontally spaced inside the second treatment tank, and each partition has through holes. The phosphorus removal composite packing is disposed between the two partitions, and the diameter of the through holes is smaller than that of the phosphorus removal composite packing.

[0019] A method for treating domestic wastewater based on automatic oxygenation includes the following steps:

[0020] The air inside the heat collector expands when heated, and the hot air is discharged from the exhaust pipe. The flow rate of the airflow in the exhaust pipe and the flow rate in the intake pipe are monitored.

[0021] Based on the airflow velocity of the exhaust pipe and the air inlet pipe, the flow velocity of the sewage inlet pipe is adjusted so that the sewage flows from top to bottom through the water distribution and oxygenation plate at the set flow velocity.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the domestic sewage treatment device of the present invention can achieve sewage flow degradation treatment by relying on the overflow and gravity of sewage during sewage treatment. No additional mechanical or electrical equipment is required to drive the sewage flow. The device has good operational stability, low failure rate, and does not require special personnel for management.

[0024] This device utilizes a multi-tank layout to simultaneously perform nitrification and denitrification, filtration, phosphorus removal, sedimentation, and ecological purification. These multiple functions are integrated into a single design, achieving multi-purpose functionality and saving floor space. Depending on the application scenario, the device can be installed underground, with the area above designated for landscaping, thus minimizing environmental impact and damage, preserving the land's natural use, and remaining unaffected by climate conditions, demonstrating excellent adaptability.

[0025] The domestic sewage treatment method of the present invention adopts a non-powered high-efficiency oxygenation technology, which can realize automatic circulation to oxygenate sewage. At the same time, it uses the counter-flow method of airflow and sewage flow in opposite directions to greatly improve the oxygenation efficiency, and does not require additional energy to provide power, which is energy-saving and environmentally friendly. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a domestic sewage treatment device based on automatic oxygenation according to the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Another perspective structural diagram.

[0028] The attached diagram is labeled as follows: anaerobic reactor 10, filter screen 11, spherical anaerobic material 12, aerobic reactor 20, aerobic combined packing 21, isolation plate 22, water distribution and oxygenation plate 23, upper oxygenation plate 231, lower oxygenation plate 232, water distribution hole 24, heat collection cover 30, exhaust pipe 31, non-powered shaft fan 32, air inlet pipe 33, rainproof cap 34, second treatment tank 40, L-shaped connecting pipe 41, partition 42, phosphorus removal composite packing 43, sludge discharge funnel 50, guide plate 60, water inlet pipe 70, hydroponic plant 80. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0031] Reference Figures 1-2 This embodiment provides a domestic sewage treatment device based on automatic oxygenation, including a first treatment tank and a second treatment tank 40. The first treatment tank is equipped with an anaerobic reaction tank 10 and an aerobic reaction tank 20. The sewage first undergoes anaerobic digestion in the anaerobic reaction tank 10, then enters the aerobic reaction tank 20 for oxidation and decomposition, and finally enters the second treatment tank 40 for phosphorus removal and precipitation. The treated sewage is discharged through a pipeline.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, the first treatment tank is equipped with an anaerobic reactor 10 and an aerobic reactor 20, both with open tops. The anaerobic reactor 10 contains two filter screens 11, which are horizontally positioned at the top and bottom of the reactor, respectively. Spherical anaerobic material 12, composed of polypropylene and polyurethane, is placed inside the filter screens 11. The mesh size of the filter screens 11 is smaller than that of the spherical anaerobic material 12, ensuring that the spherical anaerobic material 12 is always maintained at a certain height within the anaerobic reactor 10, thus maintaining a consistently high-efficiency anaerobic digestion process.

[0033] The aerobic reaction tank 20 is located around the anaerobic reaction tank 10. The interior of the aerobic reaction tank 20 is filled with aerobic combined packing material 21 composed of polypropylene, ammoniated fiber, polyester filament, etc., for oxidizing and decomposing the wastewater after anaerobic digestion in the anaerobic reaction tank 10. In order to keep the aerobic combined packing material 21 always distributed at a certain height inside the aerobic reaction tank 20, a partition plate 22 is set at the bottom of the aerobic reaction tank 20. The partition plate 22 has isolation holes with a diameter smaller than that of the aerobic combined packing material 21. The aerobic combined packing material 21 is located above the partition plate 22.

[0034] To increase the oxygenation level in the aerobic reaction tank 20, a water distribution and oxygenation plate 23 is installed at the top of the aerobic reaction tank 20. The height of the water distribution and oxygenation plate 23 after its installation is not higher than that of the anaerobic reaction tank 10, thus ensuring that water flows smoothly from the anaerobic reaction tank 10 into the aerobic reaction tank 20. The water distribution and oxygenation plate 23 includes an upper oxygenation plate 231 and a lower oxygenation plate 232 arranged horizontally at intervals. Several water distribution holes 24 are staggered on the upper oxygenation plate 231 and the lower oxygenation plate 232, meaning that the water distribution holes 24 on the upper oxygenation plate 231 and the lower oxygenation plate 232 are not in the same position in the numerical direction. Water flows through the upper oxygenation plate 231 and the lower oxygenation plate 232, and then flows into the interior of the aerobic reaction tank 20. The lower oxygenation plate 232 maintains a certain height above the water surface to facilitate convection with the air and maximize dissolved oxygen.

[0035] The aerobic reactor 20 employs natural oxygenation, with higher oxygen content in the upper wastewater and lower oxygen content at the bottom. As the water flows through the packing layer, a vertical oxygen concentration gradient is formed, decreasing from top to bottom. Simultaneously, because the aerobic reactor 20 utilizes contact oxidation, the biofilm composed of the aerobic combined packing has sufficient external oxygen supply but less internal oxygen supply, thus creating an oxygen concentration gradient from the outside to the inside of the biofilm. This arrangement promotes simultaneous nitrification and denitrification within the aerobic reactor 20, achieving nitrogen removal.

[0036] The heights of both the anaerobic reactor 10 and the aerobic reactor 20 are lower than the height of the first treatment tank. A transparent heat collection hood 30 is installed on the top of the first treatment tank, forming a circulation space below the heat collection hood 30 and above the first treatment tank. An exhaust pipe 31 is installed on the heat collection hood 30, and a non-powered rotating fan 32 is installed at the top of the exhaust pipe 31. It can be driven to rotate by natural wind or convection inside and outside the device to improve the ventilation effect. An air inlet pipe 33 is installed at the upper end of the aerobic reactor 20. The lower end of the air inlet pipe 33 is located at the lower end of the water distribution and oxygenation plate 23, and the upper end of the air inlet pipe 33 extends out of the heat collection hood 30. A rain cap 34 is installed at the top of the air inlet pipe 33.

[0037] like Figure 2As shown, the exhaust pipe 31, the air inlet pipe 33, the water distribution and oxygenation plate 23, and the circulation space constitute an oxygenation circulation loop. The specific principle is as follows:

[0038] The heat collection hood 30 gathers heat, causing the space within the circulation space to expand due to heat. The hot air in the circulation space is then discharged through the exhaust pipe 31. After the hot air is discharged, the pressure in the circulation space decreases, creating a negative pressure. Outside air is then drawn in through the air inlet pipe 33 to the area below the water distribution and oxygenation plate 23. The air then rises, passing sequentially through the lower oxygenation plate 232 and the upper oxygenation plate 231, entering the circulation space, thus completing one cycle. The air in the circulation space then expands again due to heat, automatically entering the next cycle. Simultaneously, wastewater continuously flows from top to bottom through the upper oxygenation plate 231 and the lower oxygenation plate 232. As the wastewater enters and flows through the two oxygenation plates, a water film forms on the plates, which is then evenly distributed into small water columns through the water distribution holes 24, ultimately entering the aerobic reaction tank 20.

[0039] By utilizing the fact that the direction of sewage flow through the water distribution and oxygenation plate 23 is opposite to the direction of air flow through the water distribution and oxygenation plate 23, the strong water-air convection improves the oxygenation efficiency. Subsequently, the air flows through the two oxygenation plates in a deflected manner. Since the water flow on the water distribution plate forms a water film, the contact area between air and water is increased, thus improving the oxygenation efficiency.

[0040] After aerobic treatment, the wastewater collects at the bottom of the aerobic reaction tank 20. An inverted L-shaped connecting pipe 41 is installed between the aerobic reaction tank 20 and the second treatment tank 40. The vertical end of the L-shaped connecting pipe 41 is located inside the aerobic reaction tank 20, and the horizontal end of the L-shaped connecting pipe 41 connects the aerobic reaction tank 20 and the second treatment tank 40. In order to improve the wastewater transport efficiency, the connection between the vertical end and the horizontal end of the L-shaped connecting pipe 41 forms an arc-shaped rounded corner. Under the action of gravity, the wastewater enters the L-shaped connecting pipe 41 from the lower end and then flows into the second treatment tank 40 from the horizontal end of the L-shaped connecting pipe 41. In order to ensure uniform water distribution, a guide plate is installed at the outlet of the L-shaped connecting pipe 41.

[0041] Two horizontally spaced baffles 42 are installed inside the second treatment tank 40. Both baffles 42 have through holes. A phosphorus removal composite filler is placed between the two baffles 42. The pore size of the through holes is smaller than that of zeolite, ceramsite, or other phosphorus removal composite fillers. Hydroponic plants are planted above the second treatment tank 40. These plants absorb pollutants such as COD, TN, and TP, and their well-developed root systems at the bottom act as a form of contact oxidation. The entire system provides biological purification while also offering economic benefits and aesthetic value.

[0042] Sludge discharge funnels are installed at the bottom of both the anaerobic reactor 10 and the second treatment tank 40. Sludge discharge pipes are installed at the bottom of the sludge discharge funnels. During the sludge discharge process, the sludge at the bottom is periodically sucked out and treated using a sludge suction device.

[0043] A method for treating domestic wastewater based on automatic oxygenation includes the following steps:

[0044] The air inside the heat collector expands when heated, and the hot air is discharged from the exhaust pipe. The flow rate of the airflow in the exhaust pipe and the flow rate in the intake pipe are monitored.

[0045] Based on the airflow velocity of the exhaust pipe and the air inlet pipe, the flow velocity of the sewage inlet pipe is adjusted so that the sewage flows from top to bottom through the water distribution and oxygenation plate at the set flow velocity.

[0046] By monitoring the airflow rate and wastewater flow rate, the oxygen dissolved in the wastewater can be further increased, ensuring the efficient operation of the aerobic reaction tank.

[0047] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions falling within the scope of the present invention's concept are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, any improvements and modifications made without departing from the principles of the present invention should be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic oxygen-based domestic sewage treatment device, characterized in that: The application relates to a sewage treatment device, which comprises a first treatment tank and a second treatment tank, an anaerobic reaction tank and an aerobic reaction tank are arranged in the first treatment tank, the anaerobic reaction tank is filled with spherical anaerobic materials, and the aerobic reaction tank is arranged around the anaerobic reaction tank; the aerobic reaction tank is filled with aerobic combined fillers, and is used for carrying out oxidation and decomposition treatment on sewage treated by the anaerobic reaction tank; a water distribution and oxygen supply plate is arranged at the top of the aerobic reaction tank; the second treatment tank is connected with the aerobic reaction tank through pipelines; a phosphorus removal composite filler is arranged in the middle of the second treatment tank; an isolation plate is arranged at the lower part of the aerobic reaction tank, and isolation holes are arranged in the isolation plate; the diameter of the isolation holes is smaller than that of the aerobic combined fillers; the aerobic combined fillers are arranged above the isolation plate; the water distribution and oxygen supply plate comprises upper and lower oxygen supply plates arranged horizontally and alternately; a plurality of water distribution holes are arranged on the upper and lower oxygen supply plates; the flow direction of sewage flowing through the water distribution and oxygen supply plate is opposite to that of air flowing through the water distribution and oxygen supply plate; a heat collecting cover made of transparent material is arranged at the top of the first treatment tank; an air exhaust pipe is arranged on the heat collecting cover; a non-powered rotating shaft fan is arranged at the top end of the air exhaust pipe; an air inlet pipe is arranged at the upper end of the aerobic reaction tank; the lower end of the air inlet pipe is arranged at the lower end of the water distribution and oxygen supply plate; the upper end of the air inlet pipe penetrates through the heat collecting cover; a rainproof cap is arranged at the top end of the air inlet pipe; the height of the anaerobic reaction tank and the aerobic reaction tank is lower than that of the first treatment tank; and the height of the aerobic reaction tank after the water distribution and oxygen supply plate is arranged thereon is not higher than that of the anaerobic reaction tank. Mud discharge funnels are arranged at the bottom ends of the anaerobic reaction tank and the second treatment tank; and a mud discharge pipeline is arranged at the bottom of the mud discharge funnel. A water distribution pipeline is arranged at the lower end of the anaerobic reaction tank. Two filter screens are arranged in the anaerobic reaction tank; the spherical anaerobic materials are arranged in the two filter screens; and the mesh size of the filter screens is smaller than that of the spherical anaerobic materials. Two isolation plates are arranged horizontally and alternately in the second treatment tank; through holes are arranged on the two isolation plates; and the phosphorus removal composite filler is arranged between the two isolation plates; the diameter of the through holes is smaller than that of the phosphorus removal composite filler. The application further relates to a sewage treatment method, which comprises the following steps:

2. The device for treating domestic sewage based on automatic oxygen supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: Air in the heat collecting cover is heated and expanded, and the hot air is discharged from the air exhaust pipe; the flow rate of the air exhaust pipe and the flow rate of the air inlet pipe are monitored; the flow rate of the sewage inlet pipe is adjusted according to the flow rates of the air exhaust pipe and the air inlet pipe; and the sewage flows from the water distribution and oxygen supply plate from top to bottom at a set flow rate.

3. The device for treating domestic sewage based on automatic oxygen supply according to claim 2, characterized in that: ​ 4. The device for treating domestic sewage based on automatic oxygen supply according to claim 3, characterized in that: ​ 5. The device for treating domestic sewage based on automatic oxygen supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: ​ 6. A treatment method using the domestic sewage treatment device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by: ​ ​ ​

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