Fuel cell system and vehicle

Abstract

The application discloses a fuel cell system and a vehicle, and relates to the technical field of fuel cells, and the fuel cell system comprises a fuel cell, a hydrogen supply flow path, an air supply flow path, a first exhaust branch, a second exhaust branch and a dilution device, the first exhaust branch is communicated with the air supply flow path, the second exhaust branch is communicated with a hydrogen outlet and is provided with a gas-liquid separation device, the dilution device comprises a box body and a rotating baffle, the box body defines a mixing cavity, the rotating baffle is rotatably arranged in the mixing cavity, the rotating baffle rotates towards or away from a first side wall around a rotating axis extending in a second direction to close or open a first air inlet, and a second air inlet is located on a side of the rotating baffle away from the first side wall in a first direction. According to the fuel cell system provided in the embodiment of the application, hydrogen backflow to the air supply flow path can be avoided, hydrogen entering the cathode of the fuel cell is prevented, the fuel cell is favorably protected, and the service life of the fuel cell system is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, and in particular to a fuel cell system and a vehicle having the fuel cell system. Background Art

[0002] Existing fuel cell systems regularly discharge hydrogen containing nitrogen and simultaneously introduce air into the hydrogen to reduce its concentration, effectively preventing hydrogen explosions and minimizing the risk of explosions. However, during hydrogen discharge, low air flow may occur, causing hydrogen backflow. This can backflow into the air supply path or even into the fuel cell's cathode, damaging the fuel cell. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to address at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, one object of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell system that prevents hydrogen from flowing back into the air supply path and entering the fuel cell cathode, thereby protecting the fuel cell and extending the service life of the fuel cell system.

[0004] The present invention further provides a vehicle using the above fuel cell system.

[0005] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, a fuel cell system includes: a fuel cell, a hydrogen supply flow path, an air supply flow path, a first exhaust branch, a second exhaust branch and a dilution device, the fuel cell having a hydrogen inlet, an air inlet, a hydrogen outlet and an air outlet, the hydrogen supply flow path is connected to the hydrogen inlet, the air supply flow path is connected to the air inlet and the air outlet, the first exhaust branch is connected to the air supply flow path, and the first exhaust branch is selectively conducted, the second exhaust branch is connected to the hydrogen outlet and is provided with a gas-liquid separation device, the dilution device includes a box and a rotating baffle, the box defines a mixing chamber, the box has a first side wall, a second side wall and a third side wall, the first side wall and the third side wall are opposite and spaced apart along a first direction, and the second side wall is connected Between the first side wall and the third side wall, a first air inlet is formed on the first side wall, a second air inlet is formed on the second side wall, and an exhaust port is formed on the third side wall. The first air inlet, the second air inlet and the exhaust port are all connected to the mixing chamber, the first air inlet is connected to the first exhaust branch, and the second air inlet is connected to the second exhaust branch. The rotating baffle is arranged in the mixing chamber and is located between the first side wall and the third side wall. The rotating baffle is rotatably arranged in the mixing chamber. The rotating baffle rotates toward or away from the first side wall around a rotation axis extending along a second direction to close or open the first air inlet. The second direction is perpendicular to the first direction. Along the first direction, the second air inlet is located on the side of the rotating baffle away from the first side wall.

[0006] According to the fuel cell system of the embodiment of the present application, by setting a rotating baffle, when hydrogen enters the mixing chamber through the second air inlet, it can prevent hydrogen from entering the first exhaust branch through the first air inlet, prevent hydrogen from flowing back to the air supply flow path, and prevent hydrogen from entering the cathode of the fuel cell, which is beneficial to protecting the fuel cell and extending the service life of the fuel cell system.

[0007] According to some embodiments of the present invention, along a third direction, one end of the rotating baffle facing the second side wall is rotatably provided on the box body, and the first direction, the second direction and the third direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the one end of the rotating baffle is rotatably disposed on the first side wall or the second side wall.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the fuel cell system further includes: an elastic member, which is disposed in the mixing chamber, the elastic member is connected between the rotating baffle and the box body, and the elastic member is configured to drive the rotating baffle to rotate toward the first side wall to close the first air inlet.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the elastic member is located on a side of the rotating baffle away from the first side wall, the two ends of the elastic member are respectively connected to the rotating baffle and the second side wall, and the elastic member is configured to be compressed when the rotating baffle opens the first air inlet.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the elastic member is located on a side of the rotating baffle facing the first side wall, the two ends of the elastic member are respectively connected to the rotating baffle and the first side wall, and the elastic member is configured to be stretched when the rotating baffle opens the first air inlet.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the fuel cell system further includes: a driving member, which is disposed in the mixing chamber, connected to the rotating baffle, and configured to drive the rotating baffle to rotate toward or away from the first side wall.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, when the rotating baffle opens the first air inlet, along the third direction, the orthographic projection of the rotating baffle blocks at least a portion of the second air inlet.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, along the first direction, the first air inlet and the air outlet are arranged opposite to each other.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the first air inlet is provided with a one-way valve.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the fuel cell system further includes: a gas return branch, the gas return branch connecting the gas-liquid separation device and the hydrogen supply flow path.

[0017] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the fuel cell system further includes: a drainage branch, wherein the drainage branch is connected to the gas-liquid separation device.

[0018] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the first exhaust branch is provided with an electronic throttle.

[0019] A vehicle according to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention includes the fuel cell system described in the above embodiment.

[0020] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description which follows, or may be learned by practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0022] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0023] Reference numerals:

[0024] Fuel cell system 1,

[0025] Fuel cell 10, hydrogen inlet 11, air inlet 12, hydrogen outlet 13, air outlet 14,

[0026] Hydrogen supply flow path 20, hydrogen return assembly 21, first pressure sensor 22, pressure reducing valve 23,

[0027] Air supply flow path 30, humidifier 31, first sub-flow path 32, air filter 33, flow meter 34, air compressor 35, intercooler 36, second pressure sensor 37, temperature sensor 38,

[0028] First exhaust branch 40, electronic throttle 41,

[0029] The second exhaust branch 50, the gas-liquid separation device 51, the first solenoid valve 52,

[0030] Dilution device 60, housing 61, mixing chamber 611, first side wall 612, first air inlet 6121, second side wall 613, second air inlet 6131, third side wall 614, exhaust port 6141, second sub-flow path 615, rotating baffle 62, elastic member 63,

[0031] Return air branch 70,

[0032] Liquid discharge branch 80 , second solenoid valve 81 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended only to explain the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0034] Reference below Figure 1 A fuel cell system 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention is described.

[0035] According to the fuel cell system 1 of the first embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1As shown, the fuel cell system 1 may include: a fuel cell 10, a hydrogen supply flow path 20, an air supply flow path 30, a first exhaust branch 40, a second exhaust branch 50 and a dilution device 60, the fuel cell 10 has a hydrogen inlet 11, an air inlet 12, a hydrogen outlet 13 and an air outlet 14, the hydrogen supply flow path 20 is connected to the hydrogen inlet 11, the air supply flow path 30 is connected to the air inlet 12 and the air outlet 14, the first exhaust branch 40 is connected to the air supply flow path 30, and the first exhaust branch 40 is selectively conducted, the second exhaust branch 50 is connected to the hydrogen outlet 13 and is provided with a gas-liquid separation device 51, the dilution device 60 includes a box body 61 and a rotating baffle 62, the box body 61 defines a mixing chamber 611, the box body 61 has a first side wall 612, a second side wall 613 and a third side wall 614, the first side wall 612 and the third side wall 614 are opposite and spaced apart along the first direction, and the second side wall 613 is connected The first side wall 612 is connected to the third side wall 614. The first side wall 612 is formed with a first air inlet 6121, the second side wall 613 is formed with a second air inlet 6131, and the third side wall 614 is formed with an exhaust port 6141. The first air inlet 6121, the second air inlet 6131 and the exhaust port 6141 are all connected to the mixing chamber 611. The first air inlet 6121 is connected to the first exhaust branch 40, and the second air inlet 6131 is connected to the second exhaust branch 50. The rotating baffle 62 is connected, and is arranged in the mixing chamber 611 and is located between the first side wall 612 and the third side wall 614. The rotating baffle 62 is rotatably arranged in the mixing chamber 611, and the rotating baffle 62 rotates toward or away from the first side wall 612 around a rotation axis extending along the second direction to close or open the first air inlet 6121. The second direction is perpendicular to the first direction, and the second air inlet 6131 is located on the side of the rotating baffle 62 away from the first side wall 612 along the first direction.

[0036] It should be noted that existing fuel cell systems regularly discharge hydrogen containing nitrogen and simultaneously introduce air into the hydrogen to reduce its concentration, effectively preventing hydrogen explosions and reducing the risk of explosions. However, during hydrogen discharge, low air flow may occur, causing hydrogen backflow. This could potentially flow back into the air supply path or even into the fuel cell's cathode, damaging the fuel cell.

[0037] Based on this, an embodiment of the present application proposes a fuel cell system 1. The fuel cell 10 may include an anode and a cathode. The fuel cell 10 has a hydrogen inlet 11, an air inlet 12, a hydrogen outlet 13, and an air outlet 14. The anode of the fuel cell 10 can be connected to the hydrogen inlet 11 and the hydrogen outlet 13, and hydrogen can be introduced into the anode of the fuel cell 10. The cathode of the fuel cell 10 can be connected to the air inlet 12 and the air outlet 14, and air can be introduced into the cathode of the fuel cell 10. The fuel cell 10 can be connected to both a hydrogen supply flow path 20 and an air supply flow path 30. The hydrogen supply flow path 20 can be connected to the hydrogen inlet 11, and the hydrogen supply flow path 20 can supply hydrogen into the fuel cell 10. The air supply flow path 30 can be connected to the air inlet 12, and the air supply flow path 30 can supply air into the fuel cell 10. The hydrogen supply flow path 20 may include a hydrogen supply flow path inlet and a hydrogen supply flow path outlet. The hydrogen supply flow path outlet may be in communication with the hydrogen inlet 11. The hydrogen supply flow path inlet may be connected to a gas cylinder containing hydrogen. The hydrogen in the gas cylinder may enter the hydrogen supply flow path 20 through the hydrogen supply flow path inlet, and then enter the anode of the fuel cell 10 through the hydrogen supply flow path outlet and the hydrogen inlet 11. The air supply flow path 30 may include an air supply flow path inlet and an air supply flow path outlet. The air supply flow path outlet may be in communication with the air inlet 12. Air may enter the air supply flow path 30 through the air supply flow path inlet, and then enter the cathode of the fuel cell 10 through the air supply flow path outlet and the air inlet 12.

[0038] Air and hydrogen can react chemically in the fuel cell 10, thereby converting chemical energy into electrical energy. An electrolyte membrane is provided between the anode and cathode of the fuel cell 10. Hydrogen and oxygen in the air can react under the action of a catalyst on the electrolyte membrane. The reaction of hydrogen and oxygen can generate water vapor. Air mixed with water vapor can be discharged from the air outlet 14. When oxygen in the air reacts with hydrogen, nitrogen in the air can diffuse through the electrolyte membrane into the anode of the fuel cell 10. As time accumulates, the nitrogen content in the anode gradually increases, which will cause the hydrogen concentration to decrease, resulting in a decrease in the voltage of the fuel cell and affecting the output power of the fuel cell. Therefore, the hydrogen mixed with nitrogen needs to be discharged from the fuel cell 10. The hydrogen mixed with nitrogen is discharged from the hydrogen outlet 13. The discharged hydrogen is also mixed with water vapor.

[0039] The air supply flow path 30 may include a humidifier 31, which can be used to humidify the air about to enter the fuel cell 10. The first exhaust branch 40 can be connected to the humidifier 31, and the first exhaust branch 40 can be connected to the air supply flow path 30 through the humidifier 31. A first sub-flow path 32 is connected between the humidifier 31 and the air outlet 14. Unreacted air in the fuel cell 10 can enter the humidifier 31 through the air outlet 14 and the first sub-flow path 32. The air discharged through the air outlet 14 is mixed with water vapor. A portion of the air mixed with water vapor in the humidifier 31 can increase the humidity of the air entering the fuel cell 10 in the humidifier 31, and another portion of the air in the humidifier 31 can flow to the first exhaust branch 40, which is selectively conductive. When the first exhaust branch 40 is turned on, the first exhaust branch 40 supplies air to the dilution device 60, so that the air can be mixed with the hydrogen in the dilution device 60, which can reduce the hydrogen concentration in the dilution device 60 and help improve the safety of hydrogen discharge into the atmospheric environment.

[0040] The hydrogen outlet 13 is connected to the second exhaust branch 50, and hydrogen mixed with nitrogen can be discharged into the second exhaust branch 50 through the hydrogen outlet 13. The second exhaust branch 50 is provided with a gas-liquid separator 51, which can separate hydrogen and water vapor in the mixed gas. The water vapor in the mixed gas can be condensed into liquid water in the gas-liquid separator 51 and thus separated from the hydrogen. The hydrogen supply flow path 20 can include a hydrogen return assembly 21, which can be connected to the gas-liquid separator 51. The hydrogen filtered by the gas-liquid separator 51 can flow to the hydrogen return assembly 21. The hydrogen return assembly 21 can recycle the hydrogen separated by the gas-liquid separator 51. The hydrogen return assembly 21 is connected to the hydrogen inlet 11, and the hydrogen in the hydrogen supply flow path 20 and the hydrogen separated by the gas-liquid separator 51 can both be passed into the fuel cell 10. The dilution device 60 is connected to the second exhaust branch 50, and the dilution device 60 can also be connected to the second sub-flow path 615, so that the dilution device 60 can be connected to the external environment. The hydrogen filtered by the gas-liquid separation device 51 can also enter the dilution device 60 through the second exhaust branch 50. The hydrogen is mixed with the air in the dilution device 60, thereby reducing the hydrogen concentration. The diluted hydrogen can be discharged from the fuel cell system 1, which is beneficial to ensuring the safety of hydrogen emissions.

[0041] A first solenoid valve 52 can be provided between the gas-liquid separator 51 and the dilution device 60. Opening or closing the first solenoid valve 52 controls the connection and disconnection of the second exhaust branch 50. When a certain amount of hydrogen mixed with nitrogen accumulates in the fuel cell 10, causing the hydrogen concentration to decrease, the first solenoid valve 52 can be opened to connect the second exhaust branch 50 with the dilution device 60, which in turn connects the dilution device 60 to the external environment. Due to the pressure differential between the inside and outside of the fuel cell system 1, hydrogen filtered by the gas-liquid separator 51 enters the dilution device 60 from the second exhaust branch 50. After mixing with air, the hydrogen is discharged from the fuel cell system 1 through the second sub-flow path 615.

[0042] The dilution device 60 includes a housing 61 and a rotating baffle 62. The housing 61 can be constructed as a rectangular parallelepiped structure, a cube structure, etc. The housing 61 defines a mixing chamber 611. Air and hydrogen can be mixed in the mixing chamber 611, thereby achieving the effect of reducing the hydrogen concentration. The first side wall 612 and the third side wall 614 are opposite and spaced apart along the first direction. When the fuel cell system 1 is as shown in FIG. Figure 1 When setting, the first direction is Figure 1 The second side wall 613 is connected between the first side wall 612 and the third side wall 614. An angle is formed between the first side wall 612 and the second side wall 613, which can be a right angle. An angle is formed between the third side wall 614 and the second side wall 613, which can be a right angle. The first side wall 612 is formed with a first air inlet 6121. The first air inlet 6121 penetrates the first side wall 612 along the thickness direction of the first side wall 612. The first air inlet 6121 is connected to the mixing chamber 611, and the first air inlet 6121 is connected to the first exhaust branch 40. Air can enter the mixing chamber 611 through the first air inlet 6121. The second sidewall 613 is formed with a second air inlet 6131, which extends through the second sidewall 613 along its thickness. The second air inlet 6131 is in communication with the mixing chamber 611 and the second exhaust branch 50. Hydrogen can enter the mixing chamber 611 through the second air inlet 6131. ​​The third sidewall 614 is formed with an air outlet, which extends through the third sidewall 614 along its thickness. The exhaust port 6141 is in communication with the mixing chamber 611 and the second sub-flow path 615. The mixed air and hydrogen can enter the second sub-flow path 615 through the exhaust port 6141 and be discharged from the fuel cell system 1.

[0043] The rotating baffle 62 is provided in the mixing chamber 611. The rotating baffle 62 can be located between the first side wall 612 and the third side wall 614. The rotating baffle 62 can rotate around a rotation axis extending along the second direction. The rotation axis is parallel to the length direction of the connecting edge of the first side wall 612 and the second side wall 613. The first direction is perpendicular to the second direction. In other words, the second direction is Figure 1 The direction perpendicular to the paper surface. The rotating baffle 62 is rotatably disposed in the mixing chamber 611. The rotating baffle 62 can be connected to the box body 61 by a shaft pin connection. The rotating baffle 62 can also be connected to the box body 61 by a hinge. When the rotating baffle 62 rotates toward the first side wall 612, the rotating baffle 62 can close the first air inlet 6121. When the rotating baffle 62 rotates in a direction away from the first side wall 612, the first air inlet 6121 is opened. Along the first direction, the second air inlet 6131 can be located on the side of the rotating baffle 62 away from the first side wall 612. The first air inlet 6121 and the second air inlet 6131 can be located on both sides of the rotating baffle 62. By setting up the rotating baffle 62, when hydrogen enters the mixing chamber 611 through the second air inlet 6131, the rotating baffle 62 can block the hydrogen, thereby preventing the hydrogen from entering the first exhaust branch 40 through the first air inlet 6121, preventing the hydrogen from flowing back to the air supply path 30, and preventing the hydrogen from entering the cathode of the fuel cell 10, which is beneficial to protecting the fuel cell 10 and extending the service life of the fuel cell system 1.

[0044] In some embodiments of the present invention, the hydrogen supply path 20 may further include a first pressure sensor 22 and a pressure reducing valve 23. The first pressure sensor 22, the pressure reducing valve 23, and the hydrogen return assembly 21 are sequentially connected in series in the hydrogen supply path 20. The hydrogen supply path inlet may be connected to the first pressure sensor 22, the first pressure sensor 22 is connected to the pressure reducing valve 23, the pressure reducing valve 23 is connected to the hydrogen return assembly 21, and the hydrogen return assembly 21 is connected to the hydrogen supply path outlet. The fuel cell system 1 may include a controller that can be in communication with the first pressure sensor 22, the pressure reducing valve 23, and the hydrogen return assembly 21. The first pressure sensor 22 is provided at the hydrogen supply path inlet. The first pressure sensor 22 can be used to detect the pressure of the hydrogen entering the hydrogen supply path 20. The controller can obtain the detection information of the first pressure sensor 22 in real time. The controller can control the operation of the pressure reducing valve 23 based on the detection information of the first pressure sensor 22, thereby adjusting the pressure of the hydrogen in the hydrogen supply path 20.

[0045] In some embodiments of the present invention, the air supply path 30 may further include an air filter 33, a flow meter 34, an air compressor 35, and an intercooler 36. The air filter 33, flow meter 34, air compressor 35, intercooler 36, and humidifier 31 are sequentially connected in series in the air supply path 30. The air supply path inlet may be connected to the air filter 33, which is connected to the flow meter 34, which is connected to the air compressor 35, which is connected to the intercooler 36, which is connected to the humidifier 31, and the humidifier 31 is connected to the air supply path outlet. The air filter 33 can filter impurities from the air, the flow meter 34 can be used to monitor the flow rate of air entering the air supply path 30, and the air compressor 35 can be used to compress the air to increase the intake volume, thereby providing air with a certain pressure and flow rate to the fuel cell 10. The compressed air increases its temperature, which can be cooled in the intercooler 36.

[0046] The controller in the fuel cell system 1 can be in communication with the flow meter 34, the air compressor 35, and the intercooler 36. A second pressure sensor 37 and a temperature sensor 38 are also provided between the humidifier 31 and the air inlet 12. The controller can also be in communication with the second pressure sensor 37 and the temperature sensor 38. The second pressure sensor 37 can be used to detect the pressure of the air about to enter the fuel cell 10, and the temperature sensor 38 can be used to detect the temperature of the air about to enter the fuel cell 10. The controller can control the operation of the air compressor 35 based on the detection information of the second pressure sensor 37, and the controller can control the operation of the intercooler 36 based on the detection information of the temperature sensor 38, thereby achieving the effect of regulating the pressure and temperature of the air in the air supply flow path 30.

[0047] In some embodiments of the present invention, along the third direction, one end of the rotating baffle 62 facing the second side wall 613 is rotatably provided on the box body 61 , and the first direction, the second direction and the third direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0048] This application takes the third direction as the height direction of the box body 61 as an example for explanation. Along the third direction, when the bottom wall of the box body 61 is the second side wall 613, the lower end of the rotating baffle 62 is connected to the box body 61. When the top wall of the box body 61 is the second side wall 613, the upper end of the rotating baffle 62 is connected to the box body 61. This application takes the lower end of the rotating baffle 62 being connected to the box body 61 as an example for explanation. The rotating baffle 62 is rotatably provided on the box body 61. The rotating baffle 62 can be connected to the box body 61 by means of an axle pin connection. The rotating baffle 62 can also be connected to the box body 61 by a hinge. When the fuel cell system 1 is as Figure 1 When setting the direction, the third direction is Figure 1In the Z direction, the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are perpendicular to each other. When the rotating baffle 62 rotates, the end of the rotating baffle 62 away from the second side wall 613 moves relative to the first side wall 612 along the third direction, thereby achieving the effect of the rotating baffle 62 closing or opening the first air inlet 6121.

[0049] In some embodiments of the present invention, one end of the rotating baffle 62 is rotatably disposed on the first side wall 612 or the second side wall 613 .

[0050] Along the third direction, the lower end of the rotating baffle 62 is rotatably connected to the first side wall 612 or the second side wall 613. By arranging that one end of the rotating baffle 62 is rotatably provided on the first side wall 612 or the second side wall 613, the rotating baffle 62 can rotate about the one end of the rotating baffle 62, and the rotating baffle 62 can rotate toward or away from the first side wall 612 about the rotation axis extending along the second direction, thereby achieving the effect of closing or opening the first air inlet 6121, and selectively allowing air to be introduced into the mixing chamber 611.

[0051] In some embodiments of the present invention, the fuel cell system 1 may further include: an elastic member 63, the elastic member 63 is arranged in the mixing chamber 611, the elastic member 63 is connected between the rotating baffle 62 and the box body 61, and the elastic member 63 is configured to drive the rotating baffle 62 to rotate toward the first side wall 612 to close the first air inlet 6121.

[0052] The elastic member 63 is located in the mixing chamber 611. The elastic member 63 can be constructed as a spring, a spring sheet, etc. The elastic member 63 can be compressed or stretched. When the elastic member 63 is compressed, the elastic member 63 generates an elastic force. When the elastic member 63 is stretched, the elastic member 63 generates a tensile force, and the elastic member 63 stores energy. The two ends of the elastic member 63 are respectively connected to the rotating baffle 62 and the box body 61. As an example, the elastic member 63 can be located on the side of the rotating baffle 62 facing the first side wall 612, and the elastic member 63 is connected between the rotating baffle 62 and the first side wall 612. As another example, the elastic member 63 can be located on the side of the rotating baffle 62 facing away from the first side wall 612, and the elastic member 63 is connected between the second side wall 613 and the rotating baffle 62. The elastic member 63 can drive the rotating baffle 62 to rotate toward the first side wall 612, thereby achieving the effect of closing the first air inlet 6121. When air enters the mixing chamber 611 through the first air inlet 6121, the air exerts a driving force on the rotating baffle 62. When the elastic force or pulling force of the elastic member 63 is less than the driving force of the air, the rotating baffle 62 rotates away from the first sidewall 612, opening the first air inlet 6121. When the elastic force or pulling force of the elastic member 63 is greater than the driving force of the air, the elastic member 63 can drive the rotating baffle 62 to rotate toward the first sidewall 612, closing the first air inlet 6121. The provision of the elastic member 63 enables the rotating baffle 62 to automatically rotate, enabling the rotating baffle 62 to open or close the first air inlet 6121 in response to changes in the gas flow within the mixing chamber 611, thereby improving safety during hydrogen discharge and enhancing the practicality of the dilution device 60.

[0053] As an example, when the fuel cell system 1 is shut down, no air enters the dilution device 60 through the first air inlet 6121, and the elastic member 63 drives the rotating baffle 62 to close the first air inlet 6121, thereby sealing the air supply flow path 30. This can play a role similar to that of a shut-off valve in a traditional fuel cell system 1, and when the vehicle encounters rainy or snowy weather or is immersed in water, it can prevent external rain, snow, and water from entering the air supply flow path 30, which is beneficial to improving the reliability and environmental adaptability of the fuel cell system 1.

[0054] In some embodiments of the present invention, the elastic member 63 is located on the side of the rotating baffle 62 away from the first side wall 612, and the two ends of the elastic member 63 are respectively connected to the rotating baffle 62 and the second side wall 613. The elastic member 63 is configured to be compressed when the rotating baffle 62 opens the first air inlet 6121.

[0055] The elastic member 63 is disposed on the side of the rotating baffle 62 facing away from the first sidewall 612. The elastic member 63 may be located between the rotating baffle 62 and the second sidewall 613. One end of the elastic member 63 may be connected to the rotating baffle 62 by welding, bolting, or the like, and the other end of the elastic member 63 may be connected to the second sidewall 613 by welding, bolting, or the like. When the rotating baffle 62 is in contact with the first sidewall 612, the elastic member 63 may be in a compressed state. When air enters the dilution device 60 through the first exhaust branch 40 and the first air inlet 6121, the air pushes the rotating baffle 62 to rotate away from the first sidewall 612, further compressing the elastic member 63 and storing energy. When the air flow rate decreases, the force exerted by the air on the rotating baffle 62 decreases. The elastic force of the elastic member 63 is greater than the force exerted by the air on the rotating baffle 62, and the elastic member 63 releases energy, partially recovering its deformation, causing the rotating baffle 62 to rotate toward the first sidewall 612, and the opening of the rotating baffle 62 to decrease. When the air flow rate increases, the force exerted by the air on the rotating baffle 62 increases, the elastic member 63 continues to be compressed, and the rotating baffle 62 rotates away from the first sidewall 612, and the opening of the rotating baffle 62 increases. When the fuel cell system 1 is shut down, air is no longer flowing through the first air inlet 6121, and the rotating baffle 62 is no longer subjected to the force exerted by the air. The elastic member 63 releases energy, and the elastic member 63 drives the rotating baffle 62 to rotate toward the first sidewall 612. The elastic force of the elastic member 63 can press the rotating baffle 62 against the first sidewall 612, and the rotating baffle 62 closes the first air inlet 6121, thereby preventing external air from entering the air supply flow path 30.

[0056] In some embodiments of the present invention, the elastic member 63 is located on the side of the rotating baffle 62 facing the first side wall 612, and the two ends of the elastic member 63 are respectively connected to the rotating baffle 62 and the first side wall 612. The elastic member 63 is configured to be stretched when the rotating baffle 62 opens the first air inlet 6121.

[0057] The elastic member 63 is disposed on the side of the rotating baffle 62 facing the first sidewall 612. The elastic member 63 may be located between the rotating baffle 62 and the first sidewall 612. One end of the elastic member 63 may be connected to the rotating baffle 62 by welding, bolting, or the like, and the other end of the elastic member 63 may be connected to the first sidewall 612 by welding, bolting, or the like. When the rotating baffle 62 is in contact with the first sidewall 612, the elastic member 63 may be in an extended state. When air enters the dilution device 60 through the first exhaust branch 40 and the first air inlet 6121, the air pushes the rotating baffle 62 to rotate away from the first sidewall 612, causing the first air inlet 6121 to open, further extending the elastic member 63, and storing energy in the elastic member 63. When the air flow rate decreases, the force exerted by the air on the rotating baffle 62 decreases, the tension of the elastic member 63 becomes greater than the force exerted by the air on the rotating baffle 62, the elastic member 63 releases energy, and the elastic member 63 partially recovers its deformation, causing the rotating baffle 62 to rotate toward the first sidewall 612, and the opening of the rotating baffle 62 decreases. When the air flow rate increases, the force exerted by the air on the rotating baffle 62 increases, the elastic member 63 continues to stretch, and the rotating baffle 62 rotates away from the first sidewall 612, and the opening of the rotating baffle 62 increases. When the fuel cell system 1 is shut down, air is no longer flowing through the first air inlet 6121, and the rotating baffle 62 is no longer subjected to the force exerted by the air. The elastic member 63 releases energy, and the elastic member 63 drives the rotating baffle 62 to rotate toward the first sidewall 612. Under the action of the tension of the elastic member 63, the rotating baffle 62 can be tightly attached to the first sidewall 612, and the rotating baffle 62 closes the first air inlet 6121, thereby preventing external air from entering the air supply flow path 30.

[0058] In some embodiments of the present invention, the fuel cell system 1 may further include: a driving member, which is disposed in the mixing chamber 611 and connected to the rotating baffle 62 , and is used to drive the rotating baffle 62 to rotate toward or away from the first side wall 612 .

[0059] The driving member can be located in the mixing cavity 611, the driving member is connected with the rotating baffle 62, the driving member can drive the rotating baffle 62 to rotate, the driving member can drive the rotating baffle 62 to rotate towards the first side wall 612, so that the first air inlet 6121 is closed, and the driving member can drive the rotating baffle 62 to rotate away from the first side wall 612, so that the first air inlet 6121 is opened. As an example, the driving member can include a flow sensor and an electric telescopic rod, one end of the electric telescopic rod can be connected with the rotating baffle 62, the other end of the electric telescopic rod can be connected with the second side wall 613, and the electric telescopic rod can be connected with the rotating baffle 62 and the second side wall 613 by welding, bolt connection or the like. The flow sensor can be used to detect the air flow at the first air inlet 6121, when the flow sensor detects that the air flows to the first air inlet 6121, the controller controls the electric telescopic rod to be shortened according to the detection information of the flow sensor, the electric telescopic rod is shortened to drive the rotating baffle 62 to rotate away from the first side wall 612, the rotating baffle 62 opens the first air inlet 6121, and the air can enter the dilution device 60 through the first air inlet 6121. When the flow sensor detects that the air flow at the first air inlet 6121 decreases or disappears, the controller controls the electric telescopic rod to be lengthened, so as to drive the rotating baffle 62 to rotate towards the first side wall 612, the opening degree of the rotating baffle 62 is reduced, and the rotating baffle 62 closes the first air inlet 6121.

[0060] In some embodiments of the application, when the rotating baffle 62 opens the first air inlet 6121, the orthographic projection of the rotating baffle 62 along the third direction blocks at least part of the second air inlet 6131.

[0061] The first air inlet 6121 and the second air inlet 6131 can be located on both sides of the rotating baffle 62, when the rotating baffle 62 rotates away from the first side wall 612 and the rotating baffle 62 opens the first air inlet 6121, the orthographic projection of the rotating baffle 62 along the third direction falls on the second side wall 613, and the orthographic projection of the rotating baffle 62 along the third direction can block at least part of the second air inlet 6131, so that the hydrogen gas entering the mixing cavity 611 can flow along the inclined direction of the rotating baffle 62. The hydrogen gas enters the mixing cavity 611 through the second air inlet 6131, the rotating baffle 62 can guide the flow of the hydrogen gas, so that the hydrogen gas can flow to the exhaust port 6141, the hydrogen gas can be mixed with the air in the mixing cavity 611 near the exhaust port 6141, and the mixed gas is discharged from the mixing cavity 611.

[0062] In some embodiments of the application, the first air inlet 6121 and the exhaust port 6141 are oppositely arranged along the first direction.

[0063] The first sidewall 612 and the third sidewall 614 are arranged opposite each other along a first direction, and the second sidewall 613 is connected between the first sidewall 612 and the third sidewall 614. The first air inlet 6121 penetrates the first sidewall 612 along the first direction, and the exhaust port 6141 penetrates the third sidewall 614 along the first direction. The distance between the first air inlet 6121 and the second sidewall 613 is equal to the distance between the exhaust port 6141 and the second sidewall 613. The first air inlet 6121 and the exhaust port 6141 are arranged opposite each other along the first direction. By arranging the first air inlet 6121 and the exhaust port 6141 opposite each other along the first direction, the air flow path can be optimized, turbulence and pressure loss can be reduced, and thus the air flow efficiency can be improved, thereby ensuring sufficient mixing of air and hydrogen within the mixing chamber 611.

[0064] In some embodiments of the present invention, a one-way valve is provided at the first air inlet 6121. By providing the one-way valve, air can only flow from the first exhaust branch 40 to the mixing chamber 611. Gas within the mixing chamber 611 cannot enter the first exhaust branch 40 through the first air inlet 6121. This can further reduce the risk of gas within the mixing chamber 611 flowing back into the air supply flow path 30, thereby improving the safety of the fuel cell system 1.

[0065] In some embodiments of the present invention, the fuel cell system 1 may further include: a gas return branch 70 , the gas return branch 70 connecting the gas-liquid separation device 51 and the hydrogen supply flow path 20 .

[0066] The gas-liquid separator 51 is connected to the hydrogen supply flow path 20 via the return branch 70. The gas-liquid separator 51 can separate hydrogen and water vapor from the mixed gas. The hydrogen separated by the gas-liquid separator 51 can flow back to the hydrogen supply flow path 20 via the return branch 70 and enter the anode of the fuel cell 10 through the hydrogen supply flow path 20, thereby achieving the circulation of hydrogen in the fuel cell system 1. As an example, the return branch 70 can be connected to the hydrogen return assembly 21. Hydrogen can enter the hydrogen supply flow path 20 through the hydrogen return assembly 21 and enter the interior of the fuel cell 10 together with the hydrogen entering the hydrogen supply flow path 20 from the gas storage cylinder.

[0067] In some embodiments of the present invention, the fuel cell system 1 may further include: a drainage branch 80 , which is connected to the gas-liquid separation device 51 .

[0068] The gas-liquid separation device 51 can separate hydrogen and water vapor from the mixed gas. The water vapor in the mixed gas can condense into liquid water in the gas-liquid separation device 51, thereby separating it from the hydrogen. A drainage branch 80 is connected to the gas-liquid separation device 51, and condensed water can enter the drainage branch 80 and then be discharged from the fuel cell system 1 through the drainage branch 80. As an example, the drainage branch 80 can be connected between the gas-liquid separation device 51 and the second sub-flow path 615. A second solenoid valve 81 can be provided on the drainage branch 80. By opening or closing the second solenoid valve 81, the conduction and disconnection of the drainage branch 80 can be controlled. By adjusting the opening of the second solenoid valve 81, the flow rate of water flowing into the second sub-flow path 615 can be adjusted.

[0069] In some embodiments of the present invention, the first exhaust branch 40 is provided with an electronic throttle 41 .

[0070] By controlling the opening and closing of the electronic throttle 41, the first exhaust branch 40 can be selectively opened. By controlling the opening of the electronic throttle 41, the amount of air entering the dilution device 60 can be precisely adjusted. The electronic throttle 41 can be communicatively connected to a controller, which can control the operation of the electronic throttle 41 based on the detection information of the second pressure sensor 37. The electronic throttle 41 can work together with the air compressor 35 to control the air pressure in the fuel cell system 1, thereby improving the performance and response of the fuel cell system 1.

[0071] A vehicle according to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention includes the fuel cell system 1 of the above embodiment.

[0072] The vehicle according to the embodiment of the present application uses the fuel cell system 1 in the above embodiment, which is beneficial to improving the safety and reliability of the vehicle.

[0073] Other configurations and operations of the fuel cell system 1 and the vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention are well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0074] Throughout this specification, reference to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples" means that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in conjunction with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, illustrative uses of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0075] While embodiments of the application have been shown and described, it is to be understood that the embodiments described are merely divergences of the principles and application of the present application and that numerous modifications, changes, substitutions, and alterations can be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, which is defined by the following claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A fuel cell system, characterized in that: include: A fuel cell (10), wherein the fuel cell (10) has a hydrogen inlet (11), an air inlet (12), a hydrogen outlet (13) and an air outlet (14); a hydrogen supply flow path (20), the hydrogen supply flow path (20) being in communication with the hydrogen inlet (11); an air supply flow path (30), the air supply flow path (30) being in communication with both the air inlet (12) and the air outlet (14); a first exhaust branch (40), the first exhaust branch (40) being in communication with the air supply flow path (30), and the first exhaust branch (40) being selectively openable; a second exhaust branch (50), the second exhaust branch (50) being in communication with the hydrogen outlet (13) and provided with a gas-liquid separation device (51); A dilution device (60) includes a housing (61) and a rotating baffle (62), wherein the housing (61) defines a mixing chamber (611), the housing (61) has a first side wall (612), a second side wall (613) and a third side wall (614), wherein the first side wall (612) and the third side wall (614) are opposite and spaced apart in a first direction, the second side wall (613) is connected between the first side wall (612) and the third side wall (614), and the first side wall (612) and the third side wall (614) are spaced apart in a first direction. 12) is formed with a first air inlet (6121), the second side wall (613) is formed with a second air inlet (6131), and the third side wall (614) is formed with an exhaust port (6141); the first air inlet (6121), the second air inlet (6131) and the exhaust port (6141) are all in communication with the mixing chamber (611); the first air inlet (6121) is in communication with the first exhaust branch (40), and the second air inlet (6131) is in communication with the second exhaust branch (50); The rotating baffle (62) is arranged in the mixing chamber (611) and is located between the first side wall (612) and the third side wall (614). The rotating baffle (62) is rotatably arranged in the mixing chamber (611). The rotating baffle (62) rotates toward or away from the first side wall (612) around a rotation axis extending along a second direction to close or open the first air inlet (6121). The second direction is perpendicular to the first direction. Along the first direction, the second air inlet (6131) is located on the side of the rotating baffle (62) that is away from the first side wall (612).

2. The fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein: Along the third direction, one end of the rotating baffle (62) facing the second side wall (613) is rotatably arranged on the box body (61), and the first direction, the second direction and the third direction are perpendicular to each other.

3. The fuel cell system according to claim 2, wherein: The one end of the rotating baffle (62) is rotatably disposed on the first side wall (612) or the second side wall (613).

4. The fuel cell system according to claim 2, wherein: Also includes: An elastic member (63), the elastic member (63) is arranged in the mixing chamber (611), the elastic member (63) is connected between the rotating baffle (62) and the box body (61), and the elastic member (63) is configured to drive the rotating baffle (62) to rotate toward the first side wall (612) to close the first air inlet (6121).

5. The fuel cell system according to claim 4, characterized in that The elastic member (63) is located on a side of the rotating baffle (62) facing away from the first side wall (612), and two ends of the elastic member (63) are respectively connected to the rotating baffle (62) and the second side wall (613), and the elastic member (63) is configured to be compressed when the rotating baffle (62) opens the first air inlet (6121).

6. The fuel cell system according to claim 4, characterized in that The elastic member (63) is located on a side of the rotating baffle (62) facing the first side wall (612), and two ends of the elastic member (63) are respectively connected to the rotating baffle (62) and the first side wall (612). The elastic member (63) is configured to be stretched when the rotating baffle (62) opens the first air inlet (6121).

7. The fuel cell system according to claim 2, wherein: Also includes: A driving member is provided in the mixing chamber (611), the driving member is connected to the rotating baffle (62), and the driving member is used to drive the rotating baffle (62) to rotate toward or away from the first side wall (612).

8. The fuel cell system according to claim 2, wherein: When the rotating baffle (62) opens the first air inlet (6121), along the third direction, the positive projection of the rotating baffle (62) blocks at least a portion of the second air inlet (6131).

9. The fuel cell system according to claim 2, wherein: Along the first direction, the first air inlet (6121) and the air outlet (6141) are arranged opposite to each other.

10. The fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein: The first air inlet (6121) is provided with a one-way valve.

11. The fuel cell system according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: Also includes: A gas return branch (70) is connected to the gas-liquid separation device (51) and the hydrogen supply flow path (20).

12. The fuel cell system according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: Also includes: A liquid drainage branch (80), the liquid drainage branch (80) is in communication with the gas-liquid separation device (51).

13. The fuel cell system according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: The first exhaust branch (40) is provided with an electronic throttle valve (41).

14. A vehicle, characterized in that: Comprising a fuel cell system (1) according to any one of claims 1-13.

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