Anti-explosion flow guiding device for battery pack

Abstract

The invention discloses a battery pack anti-explosion flow guide device which comprises a fixed shell, a battery cell tray and a flow guide assembly, a plurality of mounting holes for mounting battery cells are formed in the cell tray; the flow guide table is arranged at the bottom of the mounting hole, the fixed shell is arranged at the bottom of the battery cell tray, the flow guide cover is arranged on the side wall of the fixed shell, a flow guide channel is formed between the fixed shell and the battery cell tray, and the flow guide channel is respectively communicated with the mounting hole, the flow guide table and the flow guide cover. When thermal runaway of the battery cell occurs, high-temperature sprayed objects are guided into the flow guide channel from the flow guide table under the action of violent blasting force, so that the problem of thermal diffusion caused by gathering of the high-temperature sprayed objects in the same direction is prevented; and then, the high-temperature sprayed objects are sprayed to the ground from the flow guide cover through the flow guide channel, so that the high-temperature sprayed objects are diffused at the position far away from the vehicle body, secondary damage of the high-temperature sprayed objects to pipelines and other parts on the two sides of the battery pack is prevented, and the high-temperature spraying device has high safety performance and meets the requirement for zero diffusion during thermal runaway.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of vehicle technology, and more specifically, to an explosion-proof flow guiding device for a battery pack. Background Art

[0002] The safety of new energy vehicles is receiving more and more attention. In addition to meeting the requirements of GB 38031 standard such as no fire and no explosion, and passing the national standard mandatory inspection and certification, many manufacturers have put forward higher safety requirements for the development of new products, such as requiring zero diffusion in the event of thermal runaway, and will use the satisfaction of such requirements as a highlight of the promotion of new products when they are launched. Existing battery cells can be divided into square shell battery cells, soft pack battery cells and cylindrical battery cells according to their structural form. Cylindrical battery cells have the advantages of mature technology, low cost and stable structure. In order to meet the requirements of pure electric range of vehicles and increase the battery pack power in a limited space, large-size high-nickel cylindrical battery cells came into being.

[0003] The battery pack structure of the existing technology is simple. When thermal runaway occurs, the ejected material is easy to gather and affect the surrounding cells. For large-sized high-nickel cylindrical cells, the single cell energy is high, the ejected material temperature is high, and the ejected material is large, which is easy to cause heat diffusion, resulting in endangerment of the safety of the entire vehicle and failing to meet safety requirements.

[0004] Therefore, how to provide an explosion-proof flow diversion device for a battery pack has become a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in this field. Summary of the invention

[0005] An object of the present invention is to provide a new technical solution for an explosion-proof flow guiding device for a battery pack.

[0006] According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a battery pack explosion-proof flow guide device, comprising: a fixed shell, a battery cell tray and a flow guide assembly; the battery cell tray is provided with a plurality of mounting holes for mounting battery cells;

[0007] The flow guide assembly includes a flow guide platform, a flow guide channel and a flow guide cover. The flow guide platform is arranged at the bottom of the mounting hole, the fixed shell is arranged at the bottom of the battery cell tray, and the flow guide cover is arranged on the side wall of the fixed shell. The flow guide channel is formed between the fixed shell and the battery cell tray, and the flow guide channel is respectively connected to the mounting hole, the flow guide platform and the flow guide cover.

[0008] Optionally, the guide platform is a circular ring structure, and the guide platform extends from the bottom of the mounting hole into the guide channel.

[0009] Optionally, the inner wall of the guide platform is inclined, and the angle between the inner wall of the guide platform and the axis of the mounting hole is 5 to 20 degrees.

[0010] Optionally, an anti-slip groove is further provided inside the mounting hole, the anti-slip groove is located above the guide platform, and the inner diameter of the anti-slip groove is smaller than the inner diameter of the mounting hole, the inner diameter of the anti-slip groove is larger than the inner diameter of the guide platform, and the bottom of the battery cell abuts against the top of the anti-slip groove.

[0011] Optionally, the first end of the air guide cover is connected to the fixed shell, and an air guide hole is arranged inside the air guide cover, the air guide hole is a trapezoidal structure, and the aperture of the air guide hole gradually increases from the first end of the air guide cover to the second end of the air guide cover.

[0012] Optionally, the fixed shell includes a fixed frame and a fixed plate, the fixed plate is connected to the fixed frame on all sides, and the air guide covers are respectively arranged on side walls of the fixed frame.

[0013] Optionally, the fixing frame is provided with fixing holes, and the fixing holes are respectively communicated with the guide platform and the guide channel;

[0014] The battery pack explosion-proof flow guiding device further includes an explosion-proof ventilation valve, and the explosion-proof ventilation valve is arranged in the fixing hole.

[0015] Optionally, a fixing block is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the fixing frame, and the fixing block is provided with a threaded hole, and the fixing housing is installed by installing a fastening bolt on the threaded hole.

[0016] Optionally, a heat insulating member is cast in the mounting hole, and the heat insulating member wraps the battery cell.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0018] The present invention is provided with a plurality of mounting holes for mounting battery cells on the battery cell tray, and a flow guide platform is arranged at the bottom of the mounting holes, a fixed shell is arranged at the bottom of the battery cell tray, and a flow guide cover is arranged on the side wall of the fixed shell, and a flow guide channel is formed between the fixed shell and the battery cell tray, and the flow guide channel is respectively connected with the mounting holes, the flow guide platform and the flow guide cover. When the battery cell of the present invention has thermal runaway, the high-temperature ejecta containing solids and gases are ejected downward under the action of the violent explosion force, and are introduced into the flow guide channel from the flow guide platform, so as to prevent the high-temperature ejecta from gathering in the same direction and causing the temperature of other battery cells in the local area to be too high, thereby causing the problem of heat diffusion; then, the high-temperature ejecta is sprayed from the flow guide cover to the ground through the flow guide channel, so that the high-temperature ejecta is diffused away from the vehicle body, and the present invention prevents the high-temperature ejecta from causing secondary damage to other components such as pipelines on both sides of the battery pack, and at the same time prevents the high-temperature ejecta from being close to the bottom plate of the passenger compartment, causing the bottom plate of the passenger compartment to heat up too quickly, causing damage to the people in the vehicle.

[0019] Further features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the present invention with reference to the attached drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the explosion-proof flow guiding device for a battery pack of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a battery cell tray of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 A top view of the battery cell tray of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of a fixed housing of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the fixed housing of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of the air deflector of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 It is a structural diagram of the fixed housing and the air guide cover of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 It is a structural diagram of the thermal insulation component of the present invention.

[0029] The markings in the figure are as follows: 1. Fixed shell; 11. Fixed frame; 12. Fixed plate; 13. Fixed hole; 2. Battery cell tray; 21. Mounting hole; 22. Anti-slip groove; 3. Guide assembly; 31. Guide platform; 32. Guide channel; 33. Guide cover; 34. Guide hole; 4. Explosion-proof air valve; 5. Fixed block; 6. Battery cell; 7. Thermal insulation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the relative arrangement of components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless otherwise specifically stated.

[0031] The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses.

[0032] Technologies, methods, and equipment known to ordinary technicians in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, the technologies, methods, and equipment should be considered as part of the specification.

[0033] In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not limiting. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.

[0034] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides an explosion-proof flow guide device for a battery pack, comprising: a fixed shell 1, a battery cell tray 2 and a flow guide assembly 3; the battery cell tray 2 is provided with a plurality of mounting holes 21 for mounting battery cells 6.

[0035] The guide assembly 3 includes a guide platform 31, a guide channel 32 and a guide cover 33. The guide platform 31 is arranged at the bottom of the mounting hole 21, the fixed shell 1 is arranged at the bottom of the battery cell tray 2, and the guide cover 33 is arranged on the side wall of the fixed shell 1. The guide channel 32 is formed between the fixed shell 1 and the battery cell tray 2, and the guide channel 32 is respectively connected to the mounting hole 21, the guide platform 31 and the guide cover 33.

[0036] Specifically, the diameter of the battery cell 6 is 35-55 mm, the height is 70-150 mm, the material of the battery cell 6 is NCM, and the Ni content is more than 50%.

[0037] The mounting holes 21 are evenly spaced along the length and width directions of the battery tray 2, so that the multiple battery cells 6 are respectively arranged inside the multiple mounting holes 21, so that the multiple battery cells 6 are separated. Even if a certain battery cell 6 has quality problems such as excessive pressure difference and excessive internal resistance, the manufacturer can only peel off and replace the abnormal battery cell 6, which is convenient for the subsequent return of the battery cell 6 system to the factory for repair, greatly reducing the maintenance cost.

[0038] The battery pack explosion-proof diversion device also includes an explosion-proof ventilation valve 4, which is arranged on the side wall of the fixed shell 1 and is connected to the diversion channel 32 and the diversion cover 33. The diversion cover 33 is arranged on the outside of the explosion-proof ventilation valve 4. In addition, the opening of the diversion cover 33 is arranged downward, which does not affect the opening of the ventilation valve.

[0039] Moreover, the height of the guide channel 32 is 8 mm to 20 mm. The guide channel 32 between the bottom of the battery cell 6 and the fixed shell 1 meets certain height requirements, which reduces the pressure inside the battery pack during thermal runaway to a certain extent, and is also conducive to reducing the internal temperature and reducing the risk of heat diffusion to a certain extent.

[0040] In addition, an explosion-proof valve is also provided at the bottom of the battery cell 6. When the battery cell 6 experiences thermal runaway, the explosion-proof valve at the bottom of the battery cell 6 opens; at this time, the high-temperature ejecta containing solids and gases are ejected downward under the action of the violent explosion force, and are introduced into the guide platform 31 from the mounting hole 21, and are introduced into the guide channel 32 under the guidance of the guide platform 31. Then, the high-temperature ejecta passes through the guide channel 32, and when the pressure of the explosion-proof vent valve 4 is high, the explosion-proof vent valve 4 is pushed open, and the high-temperature ejecta is ejected from the guide cover 33 to the ground, so that the high-temperature ejecta is diffused away from the vehicle body.

[0041] The present invention provides a plurality of mounting holes 21 for mounting battery cells 6 on the cell tray 2, and sets a flow guide platform 31 at the bottom of the mounting holes 21, a fixed shell 1 is set at the bottom of the cell tray 2, and a flow guide cover 33 is set on the side wall of the fixed shell 1, so that a flow guide channel 32 is formed between the fixed shell 1 and the cell tray 2, and the flow guide channel 32 is respectively connected to the mounting holes 21, the flow guide platform 31 and the flow guide cover 33. When the battery cell 6 of the present invention undergoes thermal runaway, high-temperature ejecta containing solids and gases are ejected downward under the action of severe explosion force, and are introduced into the guide channel 32 from the guide platform 31, so as to prevent the high-temperature ejecta from gathering in the same direction and causing the temperature of other battery cells in the local area to be too high, thereby causing the problem of heat diffusion; then, the high-temperature ejecta is sprayed from the guide cover 33 to the ground through the guide channel 32, so that the high-temperature ejecta is diffused away from the vehicle body. The present invention prevents the high-temperature ejecta from causing secondary damage to other components such as the pipelines on both sides of the battery pack, and at the same time prevents the high-temperature ejecta from being close to the bottom plate of the passenger compartment, causing the bottom plate of the passenger compartment to heat up too quickly, causing harm to the people in the vehicle.

[0042] In one embodiment of the explosion-proof flow guiding device for a battery pack of the present invention, a heat insulating member 7 is poured into the mounting hole 21 , and the heat insulating member 7 wraps the battery cell 6 .

[0043] Specifically, the thermal insulation 7 can be realized by pouring thermal insulation glue, or it can be directly assembled with mica sheets, aerogels and other components. It mainly provides thermal insulation and short-circuit protection for the bottom of the battery cell 6. The thermal insulation is resistant to high temperatures and not resistant to impact. It will be broken under the impact force and has certain insulation properties.

[0044] In one embodiment of the battery pack explosion-proof flow guiding device of the present invention, Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the guide platform 31 is a circular ring structure, and the guide platform 31 extends from the bottom of the mounting hole 21 to the guide channel 32 .

[0045] Specifically, the guide platform 31 extends from the bottom of the mounting hole 21 in the direction of the guide channel 32, and the inner wall of the guide platform 31 is inclined. The angle between the inner wall of the guide platform 31 and the axis of the mounting hole 21 is 5 to 20 degrees. Under the guidance of the guide platform 31, the high-temperature ejecta can be diffused in all directions after being introduced into the guide channel 32, thereby avoiding the problem of high-temperature ejecta gathering in the same direction when being ejected into the guide channel 32. The battery pack explosion-proof guide device of the present invention has higher safety performance and can meet the requirement of zero diffusion during thermal runaway.

[0046] In one embodiment of the battery pack explosion-proof flow guiding device of the present invention, Figure 1 to Figure 2 As shown, an anti-slip groove 22 is also provided inside the mounting hole 21. The anti-slip groove 22 is located above the guide platform 31, and the inner diameter of the anti-slip groove 22 is smaller than the inner diameter of the mounting hole 21. The inner diameter of the anti-slip groove 22 is larger than the inner diameter of the guide platform 31, and the bottom of the battery cell 6 abuts against the top of the anti-slip groove 22.

[0047] The present invention positions the anti-slip groove 22 above the guide platform 31, and the inner diameter of the anti-slip groove 22 is smaller than the inner diameter of the mounting hole 21, and the inner diameter of the anti-slip groove 22 is larger than the inner diameter of the guide platform 31. The bottom of the battery cell 6 abuts against the top of the anti-slip groove 22, so that the anti-slip groove 22 can provide support for the battery cell 6, avoid the problem of the heat insulation component 7 falling off, and improve safety and reliability.

[0048] In one embodiment of the battery pack explosion-proof flow guiding device of the present invention, Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the first end of the air guide cover 33 is connected to the fixed shell 1, and an air guide hole 34 is arranged inside the air guide cover 33. The air guide hole 34 is a trapezoidal structure, and the aperture of the air guide hole 34 gradually increases from the first end of the air guide cover 33 to the second end of the air guide cover 33.

[0049] Specifically, the air deflector 33 is also a trapezoidal structure.

[0050] The present invention connects the first end of the air deflector 33 to the fixed shell 1, and sets a guide hole 34 inside the air deflector 33. The guide hole 34 is a trapezoidal structure, and the aperture of the guide hole 34 is gradually increased from the first end of the air deflector 33 to the second end of the air deflector 33, so that the air deflector 33 and the guide hole 34 are both in the shape of a trumpet mouth, so that the high-temperature ejected matter is guided out of the battery pack from the guide hole 34 and guided to the ground through the air deflector 33, thereby preventing the high-temperature ejected matter from causing secondary damage to other components such as the pipelines on both sides of the battery pack, and at the same time preventing the ejected matter from being close to the bottom plate of the passenger compartment, causing the bottom plate of the passenger compartment to heat up too quickly and cause harm to the people in the vehicle.

[0051] In one embodiment of the battery pack explosion-proof flow guide device of the present invention, the fixed shell 1 includes a fixed frame 11 and a fixed plate 12, the fixed plate 12 is connected to the fixed frame 11 on all sides, and the flow guide covers 33 are respectively arranged on the side walls of the fixed frame 11.

[0052] Specifically, there are a plurality of air guide covers 33 , and the plurality of air guide covers 33 are respectively arranged at intervals along the width of the fixing frame 11 .

[0053] The present invention connects the four sides of the fixed plate 12 to the fixed frame 11, and the guide covers 33 are respectively arranged on the side walls of the fixed frame 11. While ensuring the installation stability of the fixed plate 12 and the fixed frame 11, the rate of leading out the high-temperature ejecta is improved by multiple guide covers 33.

[0054] In one embodiment of the battery pack explosion-proof flow guiding device of the present invention, Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the fixing frame 11 is provided with a fixing hole 13 , which is communicated with the guide platform 31 and the guide channel 32 respectively, and the explosion-proof air valve 4 is arranged in the fixing hole 13 .

[0055] The present invention connects the fixing hole 13 with the guide platform 31 and the guide channel 32 respectively, and the explosion-proof air valve 4 is arranged in the fixing hole 13. When the pressure of the explosion-proof air valve 4 is high, the explosion-proof air valve 4 is pushed open, and the high-temperature ejecta enters the fixing hole 13 from the guide channel 32, and enters the guide cover 33 from the fixing hole 13 and is sprayed to the ground, so that the high-temperature ejecta diffuses away from the vehicle body.

[0056] In one embodiment of the battery pack explosion-proof flow guiding device of the present invention, Figures 1 to 7 As shown, a fixing block 5 is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the fixing frame 11 , and the fixing block 5 is provided with a threaded hole. The fixing housing 1 is installed by installing a fastening bolt on the threaded hole.

[0057] Specifically, the fixing blocks 5 are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the fixing frame 11 , and the fixing blocks 5 and the air guide covers 33 are arranged alternately in sequence.

[0058] Although some specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail by way of example, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the above examples are for illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the above embodiments may be modified without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A battery pack explosion-proof flow diversion device, characterized in that: It includes: a fixed shell, a battery tray and a flow guide assembly; the battery tray is provided with a plurality of mounting holes for mounting battery cells; The flow guide assembly includes a flow guide platform, a flow guide channel and a flow guide cover. The flow guide platform is arranged at the bottom of the mounting hole, the fixed shell is arranged at the bottom of the battery cell tray, and the flow guide cover is arranged on the side wall of the fixed shell. The flow guide channel is formed between the fixed shell and the battery cell tray, and the flow guide channel is respectively connected to the mounting hole, the flow guide platform and the flow guide cover.

2. The explosion-proof flow guiding device for a battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide platform is a circular ring structure, and the guide platform extends from the bottom of the mounting hole to the guide channel.

3. The explosion-proof flow guiding device for a battery pack according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner wall of the guide platform is inclined, and the angle between the inner wall of the guide platform and the axis of the mounting hole is 5 to 20 degrees.

4. The explosion-proof flow guiding device for a battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: An anti-slip groove is also provided inside the mounting hole. The anti-slip groove is located above the guide platform, and the inner diameter of the anti-slip groove is smaller than the inner diameter of the mounting hole. The inner diameter of the anti-slip groove is larger than the inner diameter of the guide platform, and the bottom of the battery cell abuts against the top of the anti-slip groove.

5. The explosion-proof flow guiding device for a battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first end of the air guide cover is connected to the fixed shell, and an air guide hole is arranged inside the air guide cover. The air guide hole is a trapezoidal structure, and the aperture of the air guide hole gradually increases from the first end of the air guide cover to the second end of the air guide cover.

6. The explosion-proof flow guiding device for a battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed shell includes a fixed frame and a fixed plate. The four sides of the fixed plate are connected to the fixed frame. The air guide covers are respectively arranged on the side walls of the fixed frame.

7. The explosion-proof flow guiding device for a battery pack according to claim 6, characterized in that: The fixing frame is provided with fixing holes, and the fixing holes are respectively communicated with the guide platform and the guide channel; The battery pack explosion-proof flow guiding device further includes an explosion-proof ventilation valve, and the explosion-proof ventilation valve is arranged in the fixing hole.

8. The explosion-proof flow guiding device for a battery pack according to claim 7, characterized in that: A fixing block is arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the fixing frame, and the fixing block is provided with a threaded hole. The fixing housing is installed by installing a fastening bolt on the threaded hole.

9. The explosion-proof flow guiding device for a battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: A heat insulating member is poured into the mounting hole, and the heat insulating member wraps the battery core.

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