Battery cell, battery pack and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model discloses a single battery, a battery pack and a vehicle, the single battery comprises a shell, the shell comprises a bottom wall, first side walls and second side walls, the first side walls are arranged at two ends of the bottom wall along a first direction and extend in a direction away from the bottom wall, and the second side walls are arranged at two ends of the bottom wall along a second direction; the second side walls are arranged at the two ends, in the second direction, of the bottom wall and extend in the direction away from the bottom wall, the bottom wall, the first side walls and the second side walls form a containing cavity, and the first direction is orthogonal to the second direction; and the flame-retardant part is accommodated in the accommodating cavity, and the flame-retardant part is connected with at least one of the first side wall and the second side wall. According to the battery monomer provided by the embodiment of the invention, the flame-retardant part is arranged in the battery monomer to facilitate flame retardance, thermal runaway and thermal diffusion are avoided, and the safety of the battery monomer is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of batteries, and in particular to a battery cell, a battery pack, and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] Among related technologies, lithium-ion batteries have advantages such as high energy density and long cycle life, and have been widely used in electric vehicles and other fields. However, in the event of a collision caused by a traffic accident, lithium-ion batteries may short-circuit, and during the short circuit, they may burn violently for a short period of time, resulting in the generation of a large amount of heat and toxic gases, which poses a significant risk to people and property. Therefore, how to quickly achieve flame retardancy for batteries is a technical problem. Utility Model Content

[0003] This application aims to address at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, one objective of this application is to provide a battery cell that improves safety by incorporating flame-retardant components internally to facilitate flame retardancy, prevent thermal runaway and thermal diffusion.

[0004] This application also proposes a battery pack having the aforementioned battery cells.

[0005] This application also proposes a vehicle having the aforementioned battery pack.

[0006] A battery cell according to an embodiment of this application includes: a housing, the housing including a bottom wall, a first side wall and a second side wall, the first side wall being disposed at both ends of the bottom wall along a first direction and extending in a direction away from the bottom wall, the second side wall being disposed at both ends of the bottom wall along a second direction and extending in a direction away from the bottom wall, the bottom wall, the first side wall and the second side wall forming a receiving cavity, the first direction being orthogonal to the second direction; and a flame retardant member, the flame retardant member being housed in the receiving cavity, and the flame retardant member being connected to at least one of the first side wall and the second side wall.

[0007] According to an embodiment of this application, the battery cell includes a housing and a flame-retardant component. The housing may include a bottom wall, a first side wall, and a second side wall. The bottom wall, the first side wall, and the second side wall can form a receiving cavity. The flame-retardant component can be housed within the receiving cavity and can be connected to at least one of the first side wall and the second side wall. By placing the flame-retardant component within the receiving cavity, the flame-retardant component can directly retard the interior of the battery cell, improving the intrinsic safety of the battery cell, avoiding thermal runaway and thermal diffusion problems, and enhancing the safety of the battery cell.

[0008] In some embodiments of this application, the flame-retardant component has through holes formed along the first direction, and there are multiple through holes. The multiple through holes are spaced apart along the second direction and / or the third direction on the flame-retardant component; wherein the first direction, the second direction and the third direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0009] In some embodiments of this application, the flame-retardant component is attached to and connected to the first sidewall, the dimension of the first sidewall along the second direction is L1, the dimension of the flame-retardant component along the second direction is L2 and satisfies: 0.1mm≤L1-L2; the dimension of the first sidewall along the third direction is L3, the dimension of the flame-retardant component along the third direction is L4 and satisfies: 0.1mm≤L3-L4.

[0010] In some embodiments of this application, the through hole is a circular hole, and the inner diameter of the through hole is d and satisfies: 1mm≤d≤20mm.

[0011] In some embodiments of this application, the flame-retardant component has a dimension of L5 along the first direction and satisfies: 0.2mm≤L5≤2mm.

[0012] In some embodiments of this application, the number of through holes is N and satisfies: 1≤N.

[0013] In some embodiments of this application, the flame-retardant component is made of rubber.

[0014] In some embodiments of this application, the battery cell further includes a cover plate, which is connected to the end of the first sidewall away from the bottom wall and the end of the second sidewall away from the bottom wall, respectively, and the cover plate is adapted to seal the receiving cavity.

[0015] The battery pack of this application embodiment is briefly described below.

[0016] The battery pack according to the embodiments of this application is provided with the battery cells of the above embodiments. Since the battery pack of the embodiments of this application is provided with the battery cells of the above embodiments, the battery cells in the battery pack can directly retard the inside of the battery cells by placing the flame retardant component in the receiving cavity, thereby improving the intrinsic safety of the battery pack, avoiding the problems of thermal runaway and thermal diffusion in the battery pack, and improving the safety of the battery pack.

[0017] The vehicle of an embodiment of this application is briefly described below.

[0018] The vehicle according to the embodiments of this application is equipped with the battery pack of the above embodiments. Since the vehicle according to the embodiments of this application is equipped with the battery pack of the above embodiments, the battery pack of the vehicle is equipped with individual battery cells. By placing flame-retardant components in the receiving cavity of the individual battery cells, the flame-retardant components can directly retard the inside of the individual battery cells, thereby improving the intrinsic safety of the battery pack, avoiding the problems of thermal runaway and thermal diffusion of the battery pack, improving the safe operation of the battery pack, and thus improving the safety of the vehicle.

[0019] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0021] Figure 1 This is an exploded schematic diagram of a battery cell according to an embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A partial structural diagram of a single battery cell;

[0023] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the flame-retardant component.

[0024] Figure label:

[0025] 10. Battery cells;

[0026] 11. Shell; 111. Bottom wall; 112. First side wall; 113. Second side wall;

[0027] 12. Flame-retardant component; 121. Through hole; 13. Cover plate. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0029] The following is for reference. Figures 1-3 The battery cell 10 according to an embodiment of this application is described. The battery cell 10 includes a housing 11 and a flame-retardant component 12.

[0030] The housing 11 includes a bottom wall 111, a first side wall 112, and a second side wall 113. The first side wall 112 is disposed at both ends of the bottom wall 111 along a first direction and extends in a direction away from the bottom wall 111. The second side wall 113 is disposed at both ends of the bottom wall 111 along a second direction and extends in a direction away from the bottom wall 111. The bottom wall 111, the first side wall 112, and the second side wall 113 form a receiving cavity. The first direction is orthogonal to the second direction. A flame-retardant member 12 is housed within the receiving cavity and is connected to at least one of the first side wall 112 and the second side wall 113.

[0031] Currently, lithium-ion batteries have advantages such as high energy density and long cycle life, and have been widely used in electric vehicles and other fields. However, in the event of a collision caused by a traffic accident, lithium-ion batteries may short-circuit, and during the short circuit, they may burn violently for a short period of time, generating a large amount of heat and toxic gases, which poses a significant risk to people and property. Therefore, how to quickly achieve flame retardancy for batteries is a technical problem.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, specifically, the battery cell 10 may include a housing 11 and a flame-retardant component 12. The housing 11 can be used to place bare battery cells. The housing 11 may include a bottom wall 111 and side walls. The side walls may be constructed as a first side wall 112 and a second side wall 113. The first side wall 112 may be disposed at both ends of the bottom wall 111 along a first direction, and the free end of the first side wall 112 may extend in a direction away from the bottom wall 111. The second side wall 113 may be disposed at both ends of the bottom wall 111 along a second direction, and the free end of the second side wall 113 may extend in a direction away from the bottom wall 111. The first side wall 112 can be connected to the second side wall 113, and the first side wall 112, the second side wall 113 and the bottom wall 111 may form a receiving cavity, which can be used to accommodate bare battery cells. The first direction may be orthogonal to the second direction.

[0033] The flame-retardant component 12 can be housed within the receiving cavity, and the flame-retardant component 12 can be connected to at least one of the first sidewall 112 and the second sidewall 113. This can be understood as the flame-retardant component 12 being connected to the first sidewall 112, or the flame-retardant component 12 being connected to the second sidewall 113, or the flame-retardant component 12 being simultaneously connected to both the first sidewall 112 and the second sidewall 113. Optionally, the flame-retardant component 12 and the sidewall can be detachably connected by snap-fit ​​or plug-in, or the flame-retardant component 12 and the sidewall can be directly bonded together via contact surfaces. When the flame-retardant component 12 is bonded to the sidewall, the adhesive is a material that does not react with the electrolyte. The flame-retardant component 12 can be made of flame-retardant cotton, rubber, or other materials. By placing the flame-retardant component 12 within the receiving cavity, the flame-retardant component 12 can directly retard the interior of the battery cell 10, improving the intrinsic safety of the battery cell 10 and preventing thermal runaway and thermal diffusion problems in the battery cell 10.

[0034] In short, the battery cell 10 of this application embodiment includes a housing 11 and a flame-retardant component 12. The housing 11 may include a bottom wall 111, a first side wall 112 and a second side wall 113. The bottom wall 111, the first side wall 112 and the second side wall 113 can form a receiving cavity. The flame-retardant component 12 can be housed in the receiving cavity, and the flame-retardant component 12 can be connected to at least one of the first side wall 112 and the second side wall 113. By placing the flame-retardant component 12 in the receiving cavity, the flame-retardant component 12 can directly retard the inside of the battery cell 10, thereby improving the intrinsic safety of the battery cell 10, avoiding the problems of thermal runaway and thermal diffusion in the battery cell 10, and improving the safety of the battery cell 10.

[0035] like Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, a through hole 121 can be formed on the flame retardant 12. The through hole 121 can be disposed through the flame retardant 12 in a first direction, which can be the thickness direction of the flame retardant 12. The through hole 121 can play a role in heat dissipation, facilitating the conduction of heat from the through hole 121 to the housing 11, and further dissipating the heat through the housing 11. The through hole 121 can also play a role in storing electrolyte. After the bare cell is installed into the receiving cavity, electrolyte can be injected into the cavity. The electrolyte can be stored in the through hole 121. In the later stage of the bare cell cycle, due to electrolyte consumption and core expansion, the electrode liquid in the through hole 121 is squeezed and then siphoned into the powder gap of the electrode sheet, increasing the wettability of the electrode sheet and improving the cycle life of the battery cell 10.

[0036] Furthermore, the number of through holes 121 can be multiple. Multiple through holes 121 can be spaced apart on the flame retardant component 12 along the second direction or the third direction, or multiple through holes 121 can be spaced apart on the flame retardant component 12 along the second direction and the third direction at the same time. The first direction, the second direction and the third direction are perpendicular to each other. By setting multiple through holes 121, the electrolyte storage capacity can be increased, which is beneficial to increasing the wettability of the sheet and improving the cycle life of the battery cell 10. In some embodiments, the shape of the through holes 121 can be a circular hole, a triangular hole, a rectangular hole, etc.

[0037] like Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, the flame-retardant component 12 is attached and connected to the first sidewall 112. Optionally, the flame-retardant component 12 and the first sidewall 112 can be fixed by adhesive bonding. The dimension of the first sidewall 112 along the second direction is L1, and the dimension of the flame-retardant component 12 along the second direction is L2, satisfying the relationship: 0.1mm ≤ L1 - L2. This can be understood as the difference between the dimension of the first sidewall 112 along the second direction and the dimension of the flame-retardant component 12 along the second direction being greater than or equal to 0.1mm. This setting... This design facilitates the bonding of the flame-retardant component 12 to the first sidewall 112. Similarly, the dimension of the first sidewall 112 along the third direction is L3, and the dimension of the flame-retardant component 12 along the third direction is L4, satisfying the relationship: 0.1mm≤L3-L4. This can be understood as the difference between the dimension of the first sidewall 112 along the third direction and the dimension of the flame-retardant component 12 along the third direction being greater than or equal to 0.1mm. This arrangement is beneficial for bonding the flame-retardant component 12 to the first sidewall 112 and provides a certain amount of space for the installation of the flame-retardant component 12.

[0038] like Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, the through hole 121 is a circular hole, and the inner diameter of the through hole 121 is d, which satisfies the relationship: 1mm≤d≤20mm. It can be understood that the inner diameter of the through hole 121 can be any value between 1mm and 20mm. For example, the inner diameter of the through hole 121 can be, but is not limited to, 2mm, 6mm, 10mm, 14mm, 18mm, etc. If the inner diameter of the through hole 121 is too small, it will affect the storage capacity of the electrolyte. If the inner diameter of the through hole 121 is too large, it will weaken the flame retardant effect of the flame retardant component 12. Therefore, setting the inner diameter of the through hole 121 within the above range can increase the storage capacity of the electrolyte, thereby helping to increase the wettability of the electrode in the later stage of the cycle and improve the cycle life of the battery cell 10.

[0039] In some embodiments of this application, the dimension of the flame retardant 12 along the first direction is L5, satisfying the relationship: 0.2mm≤L5≤2mm. It can be understood that the dimension of the flame retardant 12 along the first direction can be any value between 0.2mm and 2mm. For example, the dimension of the flame retardant 12 along the first direction can be, but is not limited to, 0.2mm, 0.6mm, 1mm, 1.4mm, 2mm, etc. This setting can increase the storage capacity of electrolyte by limiting the depth of the through hole 121.

[0040] In some embodiments of this application, the number of through holes 121 is N, satisfying the relationship: 1≤N. It can be understood that the number of through holes 121 can be any integer greater than or equal to 1. This setting can increase the electrolyte storage capacity by limiting the number of through holes 121.

[0041] In a specific embodiment, the through hole 121 can be a circular hole. When the radius of the through hole 121 is 5 mm and the dimension of the flame retardant 12 along the first direction is 0.5 mm, the volume of a single through hole 121 can be 39.25 cubic millimeters. When the dimension of the flame retardant 12 along the second direction is 300 mm and the dimension of the flame retardant 12 along the third direction is 100 mm, assuming that the width is arranged in 5 rows of through holes 121 and the length is arranged in 15 columns of through holes 121, for a total of 75 through holes 121, the total volume of the circular holes of the flame retardant 12 is 2943.75 cubic millimeters. The total volume of the circular holes of the flame retardant 12 on both sides is 2943.75 cubic millimeters, which is equal to 5.8875 mL.

[0042] In some embodiments of this application, the material of the flame retardant 12 is rubber. For example, the raw material of the rubber can be neoprene rubber, etc. The fire rating needs to reach UL94V-0 to ensure that the flame retardant 12 can provide effective flame retardant capability at the bare cell level when thermal runaway occurs inside the battery cell 10, thereby improving the intrinsic safety of the battery cell 10 and avoiding thermal runaway and thermal diffusion of the module.

[0043] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, the battery cell 10 may further include a cover plate 13, which may be connected to one end of the first sidewall 112 away from the bottom wall 111 and the other end of the second sidewall 113 away from the bottom wall 111, and the cover plate 13 may be used to seal the receiving cavity. The cover plate 13 may be provided with a terminal post and an explosion-proof valve.

[0044] The battery pack of this application embodiment is briefly described below.

[0045] The battery pack according to the embodiments of this application is provided with the battery cells 10 of the above embodiments. Since the battery pack of the embodiments of this application is provided with the battery cells 10 of the above embodiments, the battery cells 10 in the battery pack can be flame-retarded directly by the flame-retardant component 12 placed in the receiving cavity, thereby improving the intrinsic safety of the battery pack, avoiding the problems of thermal runaway and thermal diffusion in the battery pack, and improving the safety of the battery pack.

[0046] The vehicle of an embodiment of this application is briefly described below.

[0047] The vehicle according to the embodiments of this application is equipped with the battery pack of the above embodiments. Since the vehicle according to the embodiments of this application is equipped with the battery pack of the above embodiments, the battery pack of the vehicle is equipped with battery cells 10. By placing the flame retardant 12 in the receiving cavity, the flame retardant 12 can directly retard the inside of the battery cell 10, thereby improving the intrinsic safety of the battery pack, avoiding the problems of thermal runaway and thermal diffusion of the battery pack, improving the safe operation of the battery pack, and thus improving the safety of the vehicle.

[0048] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0049] In the description of this application, "first feature" and "second feature" may include one or more of the features.

[0050] In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more.

[0051] In the description of this application, the first feature being "above" or "below" the second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or the first and second features being in contact through another feature between them.

[0052] In the description of this application, the terms "above," "over," and "on top" for the first feature and the second feature include the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature.

[0053] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0054] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of this application, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A battery cell, characterized by, include: A housing, the housing including a bottom wall, a first side wall and a second side wall, the first side wall being disposed at both ends of the bottom wall along a first direction and extending in a direction away from the bottom wall, the second side wall being disposed at both ends of the bottom wall along a second direction and extending in a direction away from the bottom wall, the bottom wall, the first side wall and the second side wall forming a receiving cavity, the first direction and the second direction being orthogonal; A flame-retardant component is housed within the receiving cavity and is connected to at least one of the first sidewall and the second sidewall.

2. The battery cell of claim 1, wherein, The flame-retardant component has a through hole formed along the first direction, and there are multiple through holes, which are spaced apart along the second direction and / or the third direction. Wherein, the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are perpendicular to each other.

3. The battery cell of claim 2, wherein, The flame-retardant component is attached to and connected to the first sidewall. The dimension of the first sidewall along the second direction is L1, and the dimension of the flame-retardant component along the second direction is L2, satisfying: 0.1mm≤L1-L2; The dimension of the first sidewall along the third direction is L3, and the dimension of the flame-retardant component along the third direction is L4, satisfying: 0.1mm≤L3-L4.

4. The battery cell of claim 3, wherein, The through hole is a circular hole with an inner diameter of d that satisfies the following condition: 1mm ≤ d ≤ 20mm.

5. The battery cell of claim 4, wherein, The flame-retardant component has a dimension of L5 along the first direction and satisfies: 0.2mm≤L5≤2mm.

6. The battery cell of claim 5, wherein, The number of through holes is N and satisfies: 1≤N.

7. The battery cell of claim 1, wherein, The flame-retardant component is made of rubber.

8. The battery cell of claim 1, wherein, Also includes: A cover plate is connected to the end of the first sidewall away from the bottom wall and the end of the second sidewall away from the bottom wall, respectively, and the cover plate is adapted to seal the receiving cavity.

9. A battery pack, characterized by, Includes the battery cell as described in any one of claims 1-8.

10. A vehicle characterized by comprising: Includes the battery pack as described in claim 9.

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