Method and system for evaluating primary frequency modulation performance of hydraulic power plant speed regulator

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydraulic power plant speed regulator primary frequency modulation performance evaluation method and system, and relates to the technical field of frequency modulation control, and the method comprises the steps: collecting primary frequency modulation related parameters from a hydraulic power plant speed regulator system in real time through a communication protocol, and transmitting the parameters to a local server; synchronizing the acquired primary frequency modulation related parameters of the speed regulator to a database of a local server through a data transmission program; formatting the data transmitted to the local server, and filtering abnormal data through a preset rule; calculating the performance index of the primary frequency modulation of the speed regulator by using the stored data; and comparing the performance index with a preset standard, and evaluating whether the performance of the primary frequency modulation of the speed regulator meets a standard requirement or not. The hydraulic power plant speed regulator primary frequency modulation performance evaluation method provided by the invention can adjust the sampling frequency in real time during load fluctuation, improve the response speed of a frequency modulation system, and improve the accuracy and dynamic adjustment capability of system evaluation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of frequency modulation control, and in particular to a method and system for evaluating the primary frequency modulation performance of a speed regulator in a hydropower plant. Background Art

[0002] During the operation of a hydropower plant, the performance of the speed regulator is crucial to the stable operation of the generator set. Primary frequency regulation is one of the important functions of a hydropower plant speed regulator. It is mainly used to quickly restore the grid frequency by adjusting the guide vane opening when the grid load changes, ensuring that the frequency of the generator set remains within the set range. However, the existing primary frequency regulation performance evaluation method has the following shortcomings:

[0003] First, existing technologies have significant limitations in data collection and processing. The acquisition of speed regulator-related parameters is mostly done by sampling at fixed time intervals, which makes it difficult to reflect load changes in real time when the frequency fluctuates. The fixed sampling frequency cannot be adjusted in time when the load fluctuates violently, resulting in delayed system response and inaccurate frequency regulation performance evaluation results.

[0004] Secondly, the abnormal data in the data processing process cannot be effectively filtered, resulting in the system being affected by inaccurate data during the analysis process. The existing technology lacks a sound abnormal data detection and completion mechanism, and the data integrity and accuracy are low, which further affects the evaluation results of frequency modulation performance.

[0005] In addition, the existing technology cannot dynamically adjust the frequency modulation performance in combination with the actual operation data and the change of the reset frequency, resulting in the evaluation results deviating from the actual operation requirements and lacking flexibility and accuracy. Especially when the system performance is poor or the load fluctuates violently, the existing technology is difficult to give adaptive optimization suggestions and cannot improve the response speed and frequency recovery capability of the frequency modulation system. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is proposed.

[0007] Therefore, the technical problem solved by the present invention is: in the prior art, when the grid frequency fluctuates, the sampling frequency of the speed regulator is fixed, resulting in insufficient timeliness of data collection when the load fluctuates violently, and failure to respond to changes in the grid frequency in a timely manner.

[0008] The existing technology lacks an effective anomaly detection and processing mechanism during the data collection process, resulting in abnormal data interfering with the accuracy of frequency modulation performance evaluation.

[0009] Traditional evaluation methods make it difficult to dynamically adjust evaluation criteria according to system operating status and cannot accurately reflect frequency modulation performance.

[0010] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a method for evaluating the primary frequency regulation performance of a hydropower plant speed regulator, comprising:

[0011] Through the communication protocol, the primary frequency regulation related parameters are collected from the hydropower plant speed regulator system in real time, and the parameters are transmitted to the local server;

[0012] The collected primary frequency regulation related parameters of the speed regulator are synchronized to the database of the local server through the data transmission program;

[0013] Format the data transmitted to the local server and filter abnormal data according to preset rules;

[0014] Calculate the performance index of the speed regulator primary frequency regulation using the stored data;

[0015] Based on the comparison between the performance indicators and the preset standards, evaluate whether the performance of the speed regulator's primary frequency regulation meets the standard requirements.

[0016] As a preferred scheme of the method for evaluating the primary frequency regulation performance of the hydropower plant speed regulator described in the present invention, the collected primary frequency regulation related parameters include unit load, guide vane opening, unit frequency, grid frequency, number of frequency regulation actions, frequency regulation action amplitude, reset frequency and response time.

[0017] As a preferred solution of the method for evaluating the primary frequency regulation performance of the hydropower plant speed regulator of the present invention, wherein: the real-time collection of primary frequency regulation related parameters from the hydropower plant speed regulator system includes smoothing the load change using a moving average method and calculating a weighted average value of the load change;

[0018] When the weighted average value of load changes exceeds the preset threshold, the sampling frequency adjustment is triggered, and the sampling frequency is adjusted from the default 10 seconds to 1 second, and the frequency modulation related parameters are collected in real time;

[0019] The sampling frequency is adjusted dynamically through a feedback control loop. The sampling frequency is updated in real time based on the adjustment coefficient calculated based on the load change. The sampling timestamp is recorded during the collection process, and the data collected each time is stored in a local database in time series.

[0020] As a preferred solution of the method for evaluating the primary frequency regulation performance of the speed regulator of a hydropower plant described in the present invention, wherein: the database synchronized to the local server through the data transmission program includes slicing and transmitting all parameters according to priority based on the distributed cache technology;

[0021] The fragment transmission includes high priority, medium priority and low priority;

[0022] During the data transmission process, a redundant data compression algorithm is applied to compress duplicate data, and the data integrity is verified by a checksum to ensure data consistency after the transmission is completed. The data is then stored in the local server in order of priority.

[0023] As a preferred solution of the method for evaluating the primary frequency regulation performance of a hydropower plant speed regulator according to the present invention, the formatting process includes using a linear time alignment algorithm to align the primary frequency regulation related parameters according to the same timestamp;

[0024] The three-times standard deviation abnormal detection algorithm is used to detect abnormal data of each parameter and eliminate abnormal data that exceeds the threshold range;

[0025] Use a multi-dimensional interpolation algorithm to complete the deleted data. The interpolation calculation is based on the correlation model between the parameters, and the completed data is arranged and stored in time series order.

[0026] After data processing is completed, the corrected data is stored in the local database in chronological order. The correction process includes the detection, elimination and completion of abnormal data.

[0027] As a preferred solution of the method for evaluating the primary frequency regulation performance of a speed regulator in a hydropower plant according to the present invention, wherein: the calculation of the performance index of the primary frequency regulation of the speed regulator includes calculating the instantaneous rate of change of each parameter;

[0028] All instantaneous change rates are normalized, and a multi-parameter correlation matrix is ​​constructed using the normalized data;

[0029] Each element of the correlation matrix is ​​calculated by Pearson's correlation coefficient;

[0030] The correlation matrix was reduced in dimensionality through principal component analysis;

[0031] The principal components are comprehensively analyzed using a weighted model to ultimately generate a FM performance score.

[0032] As a preferred embodiment of the method for evaluating the primary frequency regulation performance of a speed regulator in a hydropower plant according to the present invention, the method comprises: evaluating whether the performance of the primary frequency regulation of the speed regulator meets the standard requirements comprises setting a first threshold value T1 and a second threshold value T2, and when the generated frequency regulation performance score is less than T1, it is determined to be the first level; when the generated frequency regulation performance score is greater than or equal to T1 and less than or equal to T2, it is determined to be the second level; when the generated frequency regulation performance score is greater than T2, it is determined to be the third level;

[0033] The first level corresponds to poor system frequency regulation performance. By adjusting the guide vane opening and the number of frequency regulation actions, the guide vane control feedback loop is optimized to speed up the guide vane reset and increase the frequency response of the frequency regulation action, further shortening the frequency recovery time;

[0034] The second level corresponds to good system performance, dynamically adjusting the return frequency target value by optimizing the load distribution strategy and the grid frequency regulation feedback loop;

[0035] The third level corresponds to excellent system performance and enters the adaptive optimization mode. Through long-term data monitoring and predictive maintenance, it uses adaptive learning algorithms to continuously optimize frequency modulation control parameters and adjust frequency modulation strategies in advance.

[0036] Another object of the present invention is to provide a primary frequency regulation performance evaluation system for a hydropower plant speed regulator, which can solve the problem of ensuring security and confidentiality of data transmission in existing distribution network operations by constructing a remote secure communication system for distribution network operations, and the problem that using a third-party platform is not conducive to data confidentiality.

[0037] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a hydropower plant speed regulator primary frequency regulation performance evaluation system, comprising: a data acquisition module, a data transmission module, a data processing module, an index calculation module and an index evaluation module; the data acquisition module is used to collect primary frequency regulation related parameters from the hydropower plant speed regulator system in real time through a communication protocol, and transmit the parameters to a local server; the data transmission module is used to synchronize the collected speed regulator primary frequency regulation related parameters to a database of the local server through a data transmission program; the data processing module is used to format the data transmitted to the local server, and filter abnormal data according to preset rules; the index calculation module is used to use the stored data to calculate the performance index of the speed regulator primary frequency regulation; the index evaluation module is used to compare the performance index with the preset standard to evaluate whether the performance of the speed regulator primary frequency regulation meets the standard requirements.

[0038] A computer device comprises a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the method for evaluating the primary frequency regulation performance of a speed regulator in a hydropower plant are implemented.

[0039] A computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method for evaluating the primary frequency regulation performance of a speed regulator in a hydropower plant as described above.

[0040] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The primary frequency regulation performance evaluation method of the hydropower plant speed regulator provided by the present invention can adjust the sampling frequency in real time when the load fluctuates through an adaptive sampling frequency adjustment mechanism, thereby improving the response speed of the frequency regulation system. The abnormal data detection and completion algorithm adopted ensures the integrity and accuracy of the data, and provides a reliable data basis for frequency regulation performance evaluation. Combined with the instantaneous rate of change calculation and principal component analysis technology, the generated frequency regulation performance score can accurately reflect the system status and provide optimization suggestions for different performance levels, thereby improving the accuracy of system evaluation and dynamic adjustment capabilities. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative work.

[0042] Figure 1 An overall flow chart of a method for evaluating the primary frequency regulation performance of a hydropower plant speed regulator provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 2 An overall structural diagram of a primary frequency regulation performance evaluation system for a hydropower plant speed regulator provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings of the specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary persons in the art without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0046] Example 1

[0047] Reference Figure 1 , which is an embodiment of the present invention, provides a method for evaluating the primary frequency regulation performance of a hydropower plant speed regulator, comprising:

[0048] Through the communication protocol, the primary frequency regulation related parameters are collected from the hydropower plant speed regulator system in real time, and the parameters are transmitted to the local server;

[0049] The collected primary frequency regulation related parameters of the speed regulator are synchronized to the database of the local server through the data transmission program;

[0050] Format the data transmitted to the local server and filter abnormal data according to preset rules;

[0051] Calculate the performance index of the speed regulator primary frequency regulation using the stored data;

[0052] Based on the comparison between the performance indicators and the preset standards, evaluate whether the performance of the speed regulator's primary frequency regulation meets the standard requirements.

[0053] The collected primary frequency modulation related parameters include unit load, guide vane opening, unit frequency, grid frequency, number of frequency modulation actions, frequency modulation action amplitude, reset frequency and response time.

[0054] The real-time collection of primary frequency regulation related parameters from the hydropower plant speed regulator system includes using a moving average method to smooth the load change and calculate a weighted average value of the load change;

[0055] When the weighted average value of load changes exceeds the preset threshold, the sampling frequency adjustment is triggered, and the sampling frequency is adjusted from the default 10 seconds to 1 second, and the frequency modulation related parameters are collected in real time;

[0056] The sampling frequency is adjusted dynamically through a feedback control loop. The sampling frequency is updated in real time based on the adjustment coefficient calculated based on the load change. The sampling timestamp is recorded during the collection process, and the data collected each time is stored in a local database in time series.

[0057] The database synchronized to the local server through the data transmission program includes sharding transmission of all parameters according to priority based on distributed cache technology;

[0058] The fragment transmission includes high priority, medium priority and low priority;

[0059] The high priority includes unit frequency, grid frequency, guide vane opening and reset frequency, which are transmitted through real-time high-speed channels and transmission channel parameters are set to reduce transmission delays, ensuring that these key data are quickly transmitted to the local server;

[0060] The medium priority includes unit load and frequency modulation action times, which are transmitted through asynchronous transmission channels and arranged in priority using transmission control strategies to ensure that medium priority data is completed before low priority data transmission;

[0061] The low priority includes the frequency modulation action amplitude and response time. The batch transmission mode is adopted to batch transmit the low priority data every 5 seconds to reduce the transmission bandwidth occupation and optimize the use of system resources.

[0062] During the data transmission process, a redundant data compression algorithm is applied to compress duplicate data, and the data integrity is verified by a checksum to ensure data consistency after the transmission is completed. The data is then stored in the local server in order of priority.

[0063] The formatting process includes using a linear time alignment algorithm to align the primary frequency modulation related parameters according to the same timestamp;

[0064] The three-times standard deviation abnormal detection algorithm is used to detect abnormal data of each parameter and eliminate abnormal data that exceeds the threshold range;

[0065] Use a multi-dimensional interpolation algorithm to complete the deleted data. The interpolation calculation is based on the correlation model between the parameters, and the completed data is arranged and stored in time series order.

[0066] After data processing is completed, the corrected data is stored in the local database in chronological order. The correction process includes the detection, elimination and completion of abnormal data.

[0067] The calculation of the performance index of the primary frequency regulation of the speed regulator includes calculating the instantaneous rate of change of each parameter;

[0068] The instantaneous rate of change is expressed as,

[0069]

[0070] Among them, ΔX is the instantaneous rate of change, X t is the parameter value at the current time point, X t-1 is the parameter value at the previous time point, and Δt is the time interval.

[0071] All instantaneous change rates are normalized, and a multi-parameter correlation matrix is ​​constructed using the normalized data;

[0072] Each element of the correlation matrix is ​​calculated by Pearson's correlation coefficient;

[0073] The Pearson correlation coefficient is expressed as,

[0074]

[0075] Among them, R ij is the correlation between the i-th parameter and the j-th parameter, and is the standard deviation of each parameter.

[0076] The correlation matrix is ​​reduced in dimension through principal component analysis to extract key influencing factors. Each extracted principal component is the result of normalization, and the weight of each principal component is determined through regression analysis of historical data and used for weighted calculation of frequency modulation performance score;

[0077] The principal components are comprehensively analyzed using a weighted model to ultimately generate a FM performance score.

[0078] The FM performance score is expressed as,

[0079]

[0080] Where P is the frequency modulation performance score, w i is the weight of each principal component, X i is the corresponding principal component data.

[0081] The evaluation of whether the performance of the primary frequency regulation of the speed regulator meets the standard requirements includes setting a first threshold value T1 and a second threshold value T2. When the generated frequency regulation performance score is less than T1, it is determined to be the first level; when the generated frequency regulation performance score is greater than or equal to T1 and less than or equal to T2, it is determined to be the second level; when the generated frequency regulation performance score is greater than T2, it is determined to be the third level;

[0082] The first level corresponds to poor system frequency regulation performance. By adjusting the guide vane opening and the number of frequency regulation actions, the guide vane control feedback loop is optimized to speed up the guide vane reset and increase the frequency response of the frequency regulation action, further shortening the frequency recovery time;

[0083] It should be noted that the guide vane opening is adjusted through a PID controller in the feedback loop of the control, and the PID controller adjusts the control signal in real time based on the load change and the historical data of the guide vane opening.

[0084] When it is detected that the load change exceeds the preset threshold, a correction signal is given according to the current load state, and the opening angle of the guide vane is adjusted by the servo motor.

[0085] The adjusted opening will affect the water flow of the generator, thereby affecting the power generation. The effect of the opening adjustment will be continuously monitored, and the adjustment range and response speed of the opening angle will be continuously optimized based on the feedback of real-time data.

[0086] The frequency modulation action is triggered by monitoring the grid frequency deviation. The specific operation is to compare the fluctuation amplitude of the grid frequency with the set deviation threshold. When the deviation exceeds the set threshold, the frequency modulation action is triggered.

[0087] The number of times the FM action is triggered is controlled by an adaptive FM algorithm, which analyzes the amplitude and frequency of the frequency fluctuations and dynamically adjusts the trigger frequency of the FM action. For example, if a sharp frequency fluctuation is detected, the algorithm will increase the sensitivity of the FM trigger, that is, lower the trigger threshold.

[0088] The adjusted FM trigger mechanism will be adjusted in real time through a preset feedback loop to ensure a more agile FM response.

[0089] The frequency recovery time is adjusted by the response time coefficient, which is achieved by changing the time constant in the controller (for example, the time constant of the integrator).

[0090] The time constant in the frequency modulation is adjusted by the transfer function of the frequency modulation (for example: second-order low-pass filter model). By adjusting the time constant, the speed of frequency recovery can be accelerated and the frequency modulation lag can be reduced.

[0091] The control will automatically calculate the optimal time constant based on the current frequency response speed, and dynamically adjust this parameter when it detects that the response time exceeds the preset value.

[0092] Use a time series forecasting model based on historical data (such as the ARIMA model) to make short-term forecasts of future load changes. This model generates a load forecast curve by analyzing the load fluctuation trend over a period of time.

[0093] According to the predicted load peak and valley values, the guide vane opening and frequency modulation action times are adjusted in advance to adapt to the upcoming load fluctuations. The specific operation includes inputting the predicted load data into the frequency modulation control to trigger the frequency modulation response in advance.

[0094] The second level corresponds to good performance, dynamically adjusting the reset frequency target value by optimizing the load distribution strategy and the grid frequency regulation feedback loop;

[0095] It should be noted that the reset frequency is the target frequency value restored after frequency modulation. By comparing the actual grid frequency with the set reset frequency, the PID controller is used to adjust the target value of the reset frequency. The adjustment method includes calculating the most suitable reset frequency under the current load through the frequency-load curve, and then adjusting the target frequency setting value of the controller. When the grid frequency is lower than the reset frequency, the guide vane opening will be appropriately reduced, otherwise the guide vane opening will be increased, so that the frequency gradually returns to the target value.

[0096] The optimization of the load control strategy is achieved through a dynamic load distribution algorithm. Based on real-time load data, the algorithm optimizes the distribution of multiple sub-loads in the system to ensure that the overall load changes more evenly. The algorithm calculates the current load capacity of each sub-load and dynamically distributes the power generation based on the actual situation. For example, when a sub-load is overloaded, part of the load will be transferred to other operating loads to ensure a balanced load distribution and avoid overloading a single load. This process is automatically performed by the control algorithm, which analyzes load fluctuations in real time and performs load transfers to ensure the stability of the frequency regulation response.

[0097] The grid frequency regulation adopts an adaptive feedback control algorithm, which monitors the deviation between the grid frequency and the reset frequency in real time, adjusts the control gain of the frequency modulation controller, and optimizes the speed of frequency recovery. The adaptive control can automatically adjust the gain parameters of the controller according to the rate of change of the frequency fluctuation, so that the frequency regulation efficiency can be dynamically optimized during the frequency recovery process. The adaptive gain adjustment is completed in real time through the feedback control loop of the frequency modulation, ensuring that the grid frequency deviation can be adjusted to the target value in the shortest time.

[0098] The third level corresponds to excellent performance and enters the adaptive optimization mode. Through long-term data monitoring and predictive maintenance, it uses adaptive learning algorithms to continuously optimize frequency modulation control parameters and adjust frequency modulation strategies in advance.

[0099] It should be noted that the big data monitoring platform is introduced to collect all frequency regulation related data generated during operation and continuously store these data in the historical database. Using these data, trend models of frequency fluctuations and load fluctuations are generated through data analysis algorithms (such as statistical analysis and machine learning algorithms). The monitoring platform will regularly generate data reports to identify performance fluctuations that may occur during operation, such as frequency recovery lag or load overshoot, and take countermeasures in advance.

[0100] Use time series prediction algorithms (such as LSTM or RNN models) to predict future load fluctuations. The algorithm analyzes historical data, generates forecasts for future load changes, and predicts possible frequency fluctuation points in the future. Based on the prediction results, the frequency modulation parameters are optimized in advance, such as the control strategy for automatically adjusting the guide vane opening, and setting the number of frequency modulation actions to adapt to load changes in advance, so as to optimize the frequency modulation response before load fluctuations occur. Specific adjustment operations include adjusting the target parameters, time constants, and feedback gain values ​​of the PID controller according to the predicted data to ensure that the optimization is completed before the load change occurs.

[0101] It has an adaptive optimization function, and continuously learns and optimizes the frequency modulation control parameters through deep reinforcement learning algorithms (such as DQN or PPO). The algorithm optimizes the controller parameter settings during each frequency modulation process by learning the optimal frequency modulation control strategy from historical operation data. Specific operations include real-time adjustment of key parameters such as controller gain, guide vane opening, and frequency modulation action times based on the feedback results of each frequency modulation action, making the frequency modulation response more intelligent. The adaptive algorithm will be regularly upgraded to ensure that the frequency modulation can always maintain optimal performance in long-term operation by continuously learning new data and updating the control strategy.

[0102] Example 2

[0103] Reference Figure 2 , which is an embodiment of the present invention, provides a primary frequency regulation performance evaluation system for a hydropower plant speed regulator, comprising:

[0104] Data collection module 100, data transmission module 200, data processing module 300, index calculation module 400 and index evaluation module 500;

[0105] The data acquisition module 100 is used to collect primary frequency regulation related parameters from the hydropower plant speed regulator system in real time through a communication protocol, and transmit the parameters to a local server;

[0106] The data transmission module 200 is used to synchronize the collected primary frequency regulation related parameters of the speed regulator to the database of the local server through a data transmission program;

[0107] The data processing module 300 is used to format the data transmitted to the local server and filter abnormal data according to preset rules;

[0108] The index calculation module 400 is used to calculate the performance index of the primary frequency regulation of the speed regulator using the stored data;

[0109] The index evaluation module 500 is used to compare the performance index with the preset standard to evaluate whether the performance of the primary frequency regulation of the speed regulator meets the standard requirements.

[0110] Example 3

[0111] An embodiment of the present invention is different from the first two embodiments in that:

[0112] If the functions are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including several instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), disk or optical disk, etc., which can store program codes.

[0113] The logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as an ordered list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by an instruction execution system, device or apparatus (such as a computer-based system, a system including a processor, or other system that can fetch instructions from an instruction execution system, device or apparatus and execute instructions), or in conjunction with such instruction execution systems, devices or apparatuses. For the purposes of this specification, "computer-readable medium" can be any device that can contain, store, communicate, propagate or transmit a program for use by an instruction execution system, device or apparatus, or in conjunction with such instruction execution systems, devices or apparatuses.

[0114] More specific examples of computer-readable media (a non-exhaustive list) include the following: an electrical connection with one or more wires (electronic device), a portable computer disk case (magnetic device), a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable and programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber device, and a portable compact disk read-only memory (CDROM). In addition, the computer-readable medium may even be a paper or other suitable medium on which the program is printed, since the program may be obtained electronically, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other medium, followed by editing, deciphering or, if necessary, processing in another suitable manner, and then stored in a computer memory.

[0115] It should be understood that the various parts of the present invention can be implemented by hardware, software, firmware or a combination thereof. In the above-mentioned embodiments, a plurality of steps or methods can be implemented by software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented by hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented by any one of the following technologies known in the art or their combination: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function for a data signal, a dedicated integrated circuit having a suitable combination of logic gate circuits, a programmable gate array (PGA), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc.

[0116] Example 4

[0117] As an embodiment of the present invention, a method for evaluating the primary frequency regulation performance of a hydropower plant speed governor is provided. In order to verify the beneficial effects of the present invention, scientific demonstration is carried out through economic benefit calculation and simulation experiments.

[0118] The load fluctuation environment of a hydropower plant was simulated and experimental comparisons were conducted under different load fluctuation conditions. The load fluctuations were divided into three levels: 5%, 10%, and 15%.

[0119] The traditional method uses fixed sampling frequency (10 seconds), static PID control, abnormal data elimination, and fixed frequency adjustment.

[0120] The method of the present invention adopts an adaptive sampling frequency adjustment mechanism, a multi-dimensional interpolation algorithm to correct data, a principal component analysis and a dynamic frequency modulation scoring mechanism.

[0121] The duration of each load fluctuation was set to 20 minutes, and three cycles were carried out, with tests being carried out under load fluctuations of 5%, 10% and 15% respectively.

[0122] In the traditional method, under each load fluctuation condition, the system uses a fixed sampling frequency (10 seconds), and the system does not dynamically adjust the sampling frequency according to the load change. The collected data is directly processed by the abnormal elimination algorithm without interpolation. During the frequency modulation process, the system uses a static PID control algorithm, and the logic of the frequency modulation control remains unchanged and is not dynamically adjusted according to the real-time load conditions. During the entire experiment, the frequency recovery of the monitoring system, the accuracy of data processing, and the frequency modulation response time were monitored.

[0123] When the load fluctuates by 5%, the system collects data at a sampling frequency of 10 seconds to monitor the guide vane opening and frequency changes. After the abnormal data is eliminated, the system adjusts the frequency according to PID control. The system responds slowly and the frequency recovery time is about 12 seconds.

[0124] When the load fluctuates by 10%, the system continues to collect data at a fixed sampling frequency of 10 seconds, and the frequency modulation action is delayed. Abnormal data processing is not sufficient, and the frequency recovery time is further extended to 15 seconds.

[0125] When the load fluctuates by 15%, the load fluctuates violently, the system frequency adjustment response is insufficient, the data lag phenomenon is aggravated, the frequency recovery time is increased to 20 seconds, and the abnormal data is not completely eliminated.

[0126] The present invention uses an adaptive sampling frequency adjustment mechanism to automatically adjust the sampling frequency according to load fluctuations, and uses a triple standard deviation algorithm to detect abnormal data, and an interpolation algorithm to complete the data. During the frequency modulation control process, the system adjusts the guide vane opening and the number of frequency modulation actions through principal component analysis and a dynamic frequency modulation scoring mechanism to ensure that the system can quickly restore the frequency when the load fluctuates greatly.

[0127] When the load fluctuates by 5%, the system acquisition frequency is set to 5 seconds, and the data acquisition is relatively stable. The multi-dimensional interpolation algorithm is used to supplement the lost data, and the frequency recovery time is shortened to 6 seconds.

[0128] When the load fluctuates by 10%, the system acquisition frequency is automatically adjusted to 3 seconds, and the system adjusts the frequency modulation action times and guide vane opening in real time according to the load fluctuation. The frequency recovery time is shortened to 8 seconds, the data processing accuracy is high, and the system performance is stable.

[0129] When the load fluctuates by 15%, the acquisition frequency is adjusted to 1 second, and the system reacts in real time and dynamically adjusts the frequency modulation strategy. Through data processing and frequency modulation scoring mechanism, the frequency recovery time is significantly shortened to 10 seconds, and the data processing integrity is greatly improved. The experimental results are shown in Table 1.

[0130] Table 1 Comparison of experimental results

[0131]

[0132]

[0133] The traditional method maintains a fixed sampling frequency under different load fluctuation conditions and cannot make corresponding adjustments according to the severity of the load fluctuation, resulting in obvious data lag and long frequency recovery time. Especially when the load fluctuation reaches 15%, the system lag is more serious. The present invention uses an adaptive sampling frequency adjustment mechanism to adjust the acquisition frequency in real time according to the load fluctuation situation, ensuring that sufficient data can be quickly collected to support frequency modulation control during high load fluctuations.

[0134] The present invention adopts a multi-dimensional interpolation algorithm to complete abnormal data, which effectively improves the accuracy and completeness of data processing. However, the abnormal data processing of traditional methods is relatively simple and lacks a mechanism to complete lost data, resulting in low accuracy of data processing.

[0135] In terms of frequency modulation control, the principal component analysis and frequency modulation scoring mechanism of the present invention can dynamically adjust the frequency modulation control parameters according to the real-time status of the system, thereby improving the frequency modulation response speed and accuracy of the system. However, the static control of the traditional method cannot be adaptively adjusted according to the system status, resulting in the system frequency modulation response being not sensitive enough.

[0136] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the primary frequency regulation performance of a hydropower plant speed regulator, characterized in that: include: Through the communication protocol, the primary frequency regulation related parameters are collected from the hydropower plant speed regulator system in real time, and the parameters are transmitted to the local server; The collected primary frequency regulation related parameters of the speed regulator are synchronized to the database of the local server through the data transmission program; Format the data transmitted to the local server and filter abnormal data according to preset rules; Calculate the performance index of the speed regulator primary frequency regulation using the stored data; Based on the comparison between the performance indicators and the preset standards, evaluate whether the performance of the speed regulator's primary frequency regulation meets the standard requirements.

2. The method for evaluating the primary frequency regulation performance of a hydropower plant speed regulator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collected primary frequency modulation related parameters include unit load, guide vane opening, unit frequency, grid frequency, number of frequency modulation actions, frequency modulation action amplitude, reset frequency and response time.

3. The method for evaluating the primary frequency regulation performance of a hydropower plant speed regulator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The real-time collection of primary frequency regulation related parameters from the hydropower plant speed regulator system includes using a moving average method to smooth the load change and calculate a weighted average value of the load change; When the weighted average value of load changes exceeds the preset threshold, the sampling frequency adjustment is triggered, and the sampling frequency is adjusted from the default 10 seconds to 1 second, and the frequency modulation related parameters are collected in real time; The sampling frequency is adjusted dynamically through a feedback control loop. The sampling frequency is updated in real time based on the adjustment coefficient calculated based on the load change. The sampling timestamp is recorded during the collection process, and the data collected each time is stored in a local database in time series.

4. The method for evaluating the primary frequency regulation performance of a hydropower plant speed regulator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The database synchronized to the local server through the data transmission program includes sharding transmission of all parameters according to priority based on distributed cache technology; The fragment transmission includes high priority, medium priority and low priority; During the data transmission process, a redundant data compression algorithm is applied to compress duplicate data, and the data integrity is verified by a checksum to ensure data consistency after the transmission is completed. The data is then stored in the local server in order of priority.

5. The method for evaluating the primary frequency regulation performance of a hydropower plant speed regulator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The formatting process includes using a linear time alignment algorithm to align the primary frequency modulation related parameters according to the same timestamp; The three-times standard deviation abnormal detection algorithm is used to detect abnormal data of each parameter and eliminate abnormal data that exceeds the threshold range; Use a multi-dimensional interpolation algorithm to complete the deleted data. The interpolation calculation is based on the correlation model between the parameters, and the completed data is arranged and stored in time series order. After data processing is completed, the corrected data is stored in the local database in chronological order. The correction process includes the detection, elimination and completion of abnormal data.

6. The method for evaluating the primary frequency regulation performance of a hydropower plant speed regulator according to claim 5, characterized in that: The calculation of the performance index of the primary frequency regulation of the speed regulator includes calculating the instantaneous rate of change of each parameter; All instantaneous change rates are normalized, and a multi-parameter correlation matrix is ​​constructed using the normalized data; Each element of the correlation matrix is ​​calculated by Pearson's correlation coefficient; The correlation matrix was reduced in dimensionality through principal component analysis; The principal components are comprehensively analyzed using a weighted model to ultimately generate a FM performance score.

7. The method for evaluating the primary frequency regulation performance of a hydropower plant speed governor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The evaluation of whether the performance of the primary frequency regulation of the speed regulator meets the standard requirements includes setting a first threshold value T1 and a second threshold value T2. When the generated frequency regulation performance score is less than T1, it is determined to be the first level; when the generated frequency regulation performance score is greater than or equal to T1 and less than or equal to T2, it is determined to be the second level; when the generated frequency regulation performance score is greater than T2, it is determined to be the third level; The first level corresponds to poor system frequency regulation performance. By adjusting the guide vane opening and the number of frequency regulation actions, the guide vane control feedback loop is optimized to speed up the guide vane reset and increase the frequency response of the frequency regulation action, further shortening the frequency recovery time; The second level corresponds to good system performance, dynamically adjusting the return frequency target value by optimizing the load distribution strategy and the grid frequency regulation feedback loop; The third level corresponds to excellent system performance and enters the adaptive optimization mode. Through long-term data monitoring and predictive maintenance, it uses adaptive learning algorithms to continuously optimize frequency modulation control parameters and adjust frequency modulation strategies in advance.

8. A system using the method for evaluating the primary frequency regulation performance of a hydropower plant speed regulator as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: include: A data collection module (100), a data transmission module (200), a data processing module (300), an index calculation module (400) and an index evaluation module (500); The data acquisition module (100) is used to collect primary frequency regulation related parameters from the hydropower plant speed regulator system in real time through a communication protocol, and transmit the parameters to a local server; The data transmission module (200) is used to synchronize the collected primary frequency regulation related parameters of the speed regulator to a database of a local server through a data transmission program; The data processing module (300) is used to format the data transmitted to the local server and filter abnormal data according to preset rules; The index calculation module (400) is used to calculate the performance index of the primary frequency regulation of the speed regulator using the stored data; The index evaluation module (500) is used to compare the performance index with the preset standard to evaluate whether the performance of the primary frequency regulation of the speed regulator meets the standard requirements.

9. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, wherein: When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the method for evaluating the primary frequency regulation performance of a hydropower plant speed regulator according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method for evaluating the primary frequency regulation performance of a hydropower plant speed regulator according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

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