Intelligent forging and pressing process monitoring method and system based on Internet of Things

Abstract

The invention discloses a forging and pressing process intelligent monitoring method and system based on the Internet of Things, and belongs to the field of forging machining control. The method comprises the steps that a material temperature curve is determined based on basic material information of a target forging and pressing material; interactively acquiring basic equipment information of the forging and pressing equipment, and determining an equipment temperature curve with the material temperature curve; a material temperature control array is configured, material temperature monitoring control is conducted on a target forging and pressing material in combination with a material temperature sensing array, an equipment temperature control array is synchronously configured, equipment temperature monitoring control is conducted on forging and pressing equipment in combination with an equipment temperature sensing array, and forging and pressing forming is conducted on the target forging and pressing material. The technical problems that in the prior art, heat losses are caused by the temperature difference between the forging and pressing material and the forging and pressing equipment, and the forging and pressing quality and stability are affected are solved, and the technical effects that the temperature of the forging and pressing material and the equipment is intelligently monitored and controlled, the optimal technological parameters of the whole forging and pressing process are achieved, and the forging and pressing forming quality and stability are improved are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of forging process control, and in particular to an intelligent monitoring method and system for a forging process based on the Internet of Things. Background Art

[0002] Forging is a processing technology widely used in industrial production. By applying pressure to the blank, it causes plastic deformation to obtain a workpiece with the desired shape and performance. In order to improve the quality and efficiency of forging, the forging material needs to be heated before forging. However, the forging material is placed in a forging equipment at room temperature or unstable temperature for forming under high temperature, which causes the material temperature to drop rapidly and deviate from the optimal process parameter range. The heat loss caused by this temperature difference not only affects the dimensional accuracy and mechanical properties of the forging, but may also cause instability in the forging process, such as uneven material deformation, increased die wear and other problems, affecting the forging quality and stability. Summary of the invention

[0003] This application provides an intelligent monitoring method and system for forging processes based on the Internet of Things, aiming to solve the technical problem in the prior art that heat loss caused by the temperature difference between forging materials and forging equipment affects the forging quality and stability.

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present application provides an intelligent monitoring method and system for forging process based on the Internet of Things.

[0005] The first aspect disclosed in the present application provides an intelligent monitoring method for forging process based on the Internet of Things, which includes: determining a target forging material, obtaining basic material information of the target forging material, and determining a material temperature curve based on the basic material information, wherein the material temperature curve is an optimal temperature change curve of the target forging material during the forging process; interactively obtaining basic equipment information of the forging equipment, and determining an equipment temperature curve based on the basic equipment information and the material temperature curve, wherein the equipment temperature curve is an optimal temperature change curve of the forging equipment during the forging process; setting a material temperature sensing array and a material temperature control array, and setting an equipment temperature sensing array and an equipment temperature control array on the forging equipment; configuring the material temperature control array according to the material temperature curve, and monitoring and controlling the material temperature of the target forging material in combination with the material temperature sensing array; synchronously configuring the equipment temperature control array according to the equipment temperature curve, and monitoring and controlling the equipment temperature of the forging equipment in combination with the equipment temperature sensing array; and controlling the forging equipment to forge the target forging material based on the material temperature monitoring and control results and the equipment temperature monitoring and control results.

[0006] Another aspect disclosed in the present application provides an intelligent monitoring system for forging process based on the Internet of Things, the system comprising: a material temperature curve module, used to determine the target forging material, obtain the basic material information of the target forging material, and determine the material temperature curve based on the basic material information, wherein the material temperature curve is the optimal temperature change curve of the target forging material during the forging process; an equipment temperature curve module, used to interactively obtain the basic equipment information of the forging equipment, and determine the equipment temperature curve based on the basic equipment information and the material temperature curve, wherein the equipment temperature curve is the optimal temperature change curve of the forging equipment during the forging process; an array deployment module, used to set A material temperature sensing array and a material temperature control array, and an equipment temperature sensing array and an equipment temperature control array are set on the forging equipment; a material temperature monitoring module, which is used to configure the material temperature control array according to the material temperature curve, and monitor and control the material temperature of the target forging material in combination with the material temperature sensing array; an equipment temperature monitoring module, which is used to synchronously configure the equipment temperature control array according to the equipment temperature curve, and monitor and control the equipment temperature of the forging equipment in combination with the equipment temperature sensing array; a forging forming control module, which is used to control the forging equipment to forge the target forging material based on the material temperature monitoring and control results and the equipment temperature monitoring and control results.

[0007] One or more technical solutions provided in this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages: The target forging material is determined, the basic material information of the target forging material is obtained, and the material temperature curve is determined based on the basic material information, wherein the material temperature curve is the optimal temperature change curve of the target forging material during the forging process, and the optimal temperature change law of the material during the forging process is determined, laying the foundation for the subsequent precise control of the material temperature; the basic equipment information of the forging equipment is interactively obtained, and the equipment temperature curve is determined based on the basic equipment information and the material temperature curve, wherein the equipment temperature curve is the optimal temperature change curve of the forging equipment during the forging process, and the optimal temperature change law of the forging equipment during the forging process is determined, realizing the coordinated optimization of the material and equipment temperature; a material temperature sensing array and a material temperature control array are set, and an equipment temperature sensing array and an equipment temperature control array are set on the forging equipment, and temperature sensing and control devices are deployed on the forging materials and equipment, providing a hardware foundation for realizing intelligent and precise temperature monitoring and adjustment; according to the material temperature curve configuration The material temperature control array, combined with the material temperature sensor array, monitors and controls the material temperature of the target forging material, realizes real-time monitoring and precise control of the forging material temperature, and ensures that the material temperature changes along the preset optimal curve; the equipment temperature control array is configured according to the equipment temperature curve at the same time, and the equipment temperature is monitored and controlled on the forging equipment in combination with the equipment temperature sensor array, realizing real-time monitoring and precise control of the forging equipment temperature, ensuring that the equipment temperature and the material temperature change synchronously to reduce heat loss; based on the material temperature monitoring and control results and the equipment temperature monitoring and control results, the forging equipment is controlled to forge the target forging material to ensure that the forging process is carried out under the optimal process parameters. The technical solution solves the technical problem of heat loss caused by the temperature difference between the forging material and the forging equipment in the prior art, which affects the forging quality and stability, and achieves the technical effect of realizing the optimal process parameters of the entire forging process and improving the forging forming quality and stability by intelligently monitoring and controlling the temperature of the forging material and equipment.

[0008] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present application. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present application, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are listed below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] Figure 1 A flow chart of an intelligent monitoring method for forging process based on the Internet of Things is provided for an embodiment of the present application.

[0010] Figure 2 A structural schematic diagram of an intelligent monitoring system for forging process based on the Internet of Things is provided for an embodiment of the present application.

[0011] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: material temperature curve module 11, equipment temperature curve module 12, array deployment module 13, material temperature monitoring module 14, equipment temperature monitoring module 15, forging and forming control module 16. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0012] The overall idea of ​​the technical solution provided by this application is as follows: The embodiments of the present application provide an intelligent monitoring method and system for forging processes based on the Internet of Things, which aims to solve the problem of heat loss caused by the temperature difference between forging materials and forging equipment in the prior art and improve the quality and stability of forging forming.

[0013] First, by determining the basic material information of the target forging material, the optimal change curve of the material temperature during the forging process is obtained. Then, the basic equipment information of the forging equipment is obtained interactively, and the optimal change curve of the equipment temperature is determined in combination with the material temperature curve to achieve the coordinated optimization of the material and equipment temperature. On this basis, the temperature sensing array and the temperature control array are respectively set on the forging material and the equipment, and they are configured according to the corresponding optimal temperature curve to achieve real-time monitoring and precise control of the material and equipment temperature. Afterwards, based on the monitoring and control results of the material and equipment temperature, the forging equipment is guided to forge the target forging material to ensure that the forging process is carried out under the optimal process parameters.

[0014] Through the material and equipment temperature curves, the optimal temperature planning of the entire forging process is achieved, and by deploying temperature sensors and control arrays, accurate monitoring and adjustment of material and equipment temperatures are achieved. By collaboratively optimizing material and equipment temperatures, heat loss during the forging process is minimized, thereby effectively improving the quality and stability of forging forming.

[0015] After introducing the basic principles of the present application, various non-limiting implementation methods of the present application will be specifically described below in conjunction with the drawings in the specification.

[0016] Embodiment 1, as Figure 1 As shown, the embodiment of the present application provides an intelligent monitoring method for forging process based on the Internet of Things, the method comprising: S1: Determine a target forging material, obtain basic material information of the target forging material, and determine a material temperature curve based on the basic material information, wherein the material temperature curve is an optimal temperature change curve of the target forging material during the forging process.

[0017] Specifically, first, determine the target forging material used in this forging process. The target forging material is selected according to the specific requirements of the forging product, such as a specific grade of steel, aluminum alloy or other materials. After determining the target forging material, obtain the basic material information of the material, including the chemical composition, physical performance parameters (such as density, heat capacity, thermal conductivity, etc.), mechanical performance parameters (such as yield strength, tensile strength, plasticity, etc.) and other material property data related to the forging process. Among them, the basic material information is obtained by consulting the material manual, the material data sheet provided by the supplier or actual testing.

[0018] On the basis of obtaining basic material information, the material temperature curve is determined according to this information. The so-called material temperature curve refers to the optimal curve of the temperature change of the target forging material over time during the forging process. The material temperature curve reflects the optimal set value of the material temperature in each stage of the forging process, such as heating, insulation, forging, and cooling. The material temperature curve is determined through theoretical calculations or practical experience. For example, based on the thermophysical performance parameters of the target forging material, the theoretical curve of the material temperature change over time at each stage of the forging process is calculated using the principles of thermodynamics and heat transfer; or through a large amount of forging practice, the empirical material temperature curve is summarized and optimized.

[0019] By determining the target forging material, basic material information is obtained, and on this basis, the material temperature curve is determined to provide the necessary material parameters and process parameter basis for the implementation of subsequent steps, providing a basis for achieving precise temperature monitoring and control and optimizing the forging process.

[0020] S2: interactively acquiring basic equipment information of the forging equipment, and determining the equipment temperature curve based on the basic equipment information and the material temperature curve, wherein the equipment temperature curve is an optimal temperature change curve of the forging equipment during the forging process.

[0021] Specifically, first, the basic equipment information of the forging equipment is obtained through human-computer interaction. The basic equipment information includes the model and specifications of the forging equipment, the main structural parameters (such as the size of the working area, etc.), the heating and transmission system parameters (such as heating power, transmission motor power, etc.), the control system parameters (such as controller model, sensor configuration, etc.) and other equipment attribute data related to the implementation of the forging process. This equipment information is obtained by consulting the equipment manual, equipment nameplate, technical information provided by the equipment supplier, etc., and can also be entered through interactive methods such as human-computer interface input or menu selection.

[0022] After obtaining the basic equipment information of the forging equipment, on this basis, combined with the determined material temperature curve, determine the equipment temperature curve that matches the material temperature curve. The so-called equipment temperature curve refers to the optimal curve of the temperature change of the forging equipment over time during the forging process. The determination of the equipment temperature curve needs to comprehensively consider the characteristics of the material temperature curve and the thermal conductivity characteristics, heating and temperature control capabilities of the forging equipment. Specifically, due to the heat conduction and heat exchange between the forging equipment and the forging material, in order to ensure the best temperature matching of the forging process, the equipment temperature curve should have a similar temperature change trend with the material temperature curve in the corresponding stage, but at the same time, the influence of the equipment temperature lagging behind the material temperature change should be considered. In addition, the equipment temperature curve should also consider the thermal inertia characteristics and temperature control characteristics of the forging equipment itself to ensure that the equipment temperature can stably and accurately follow the set temperature curve changes. Among them, the determination of the equipment temperature curve can adopt a method combining theoretical calculation with empirical correction. For example, based on the thermal parameters and control system characteristics of the forging equipment, a dynamic response model of the equipment temperature is established, and the theoretical change curve of the equipment temperature over time is calculated. Then, based on the actual forging process experience, the theoretical curve is appropriately corrected and optimized, and finally an equipment temperature curve that matches the material temperature curve is obtained.

[0023] The basic equipment information of the forging equipment is obtained through interaction, and on this basis, combined with the material temperature curve, the equipment temperature curve that matches the material temperature change is determined, providing the target parameter basis on the equipment side for the subsequent implementation of precise temperature monitoring and control.

[0024] S3: Setting a material temperature sensing array and a material temperature control array, and setting an equipment temperature sensing array and an equipment temperature control array on the forging equipment.

[0025] Specifically, on the basis of obtaining the material temperature curve and the equipment temperature curve, we further build the hardware environment for temperature monitoring and control, laying the perception and execution foundation for the subsequent temperature monitoring and control.

[0026] Two types of temperature sensing arrays and two types of temperature control arrays are set, namely, material temperature sensing array, material temperature control array, equipment temperature sensing array and equipment temperature control array. Among them, the temperature sensing array is used to realize temperature monitoring, and the temperature control array is used to realize temperature control. The material temperature sensing array is composed of a number of temperature sensors, such as thermocouples, thermal resistors, infrared temperature measurement, etc., and is arranged at different positions on the surface or inside of the material according to the size, shape and temperature distribution characteristics of the forging material to realize comprehensive acquisition of the material temperature field; the material temperature control array is composed of a number of temperature controllers, such as heaters, coolers or integrated temperature control units, etc., which are arranged in different areas of the material according to the requirements of the material temperature curve to realize precise adjustment of the material temperature; the equipment temperature sensing array is composed of a number of temperature sensors, which are arranged in different parts of the forging equipment to collect the temperature distribution data of the equipment; the equipment temperature control array is composed of a number of temperature controllers, which are arranged in different areas of the forging equipment to realize active regulation of the equipment temperature.

[0027] The signal lines of the material temperature sensor array, material temperature control array, equipment temperature sensor array and equipment temperature control array are connected to the back-end data acquisition and control system. Under the IoT architecture, these sensor arrays and control arrays are usually connected to the management system using standard communication interfaces such as fieldbus and industrial Ethernet to achieve two-way transmission of temperature data and control instructions.

[0028] By arranging temperature sensor arrays and temperature control arrays on the target forging material, and temperature sensor arrays and temperature control arrays on the forging equipment, a perception layer and execution layer of distributed temperature monitoring and control are built, which provides the necessary hardware support for accurately collecting the actual temperature of materials and equipment and implementing closed-loop control according to the target temperature curve.

[0029] S4: configuring the material temperature control array according to the material temperature curve, and performing material temperature monitoring and control on the target forging material in combination with the material temperature sensing array.

[0030] Specifically, the material temperature curve reflects the optimal target value of the material temperature changing with time during the forging process, and the material temperature control array is the actuator for realizing temperature control. In order to enable the material temperature control array to accurately control the material temperature along the preset curve, the material temperature curve is discretized into a series of target temperature values ​​at time nodes, and then according to the target temperature value of each time node, combined with the control characteristics of each controller in the material temperature control array (such as heating power, cooling capacity, control accuracy, etc.), the control parameters of each controller at the time node (such as heating current, refrigerant flow, etc.) are determined, and these control parameters are sent to the corresponding temperature controller as control instructions. Through parameter setting and collaborative control, the material temperature control array can dynamically adjust the heating or cooling effect during the entire forging process to achieve precise control of the material temperature.

[0031] Secondly, the control process of the material temperature control array is based on the feedback information of the material temperature sensor array to form a closed-loop control. The material temperature sensor array is distributed in different parts of the forging material to collect the actual temperature data of the material in real time. These actual temperature data are compared with the target temperature value of the material temperature curve to obtain the deviation information of the material temperature. According to the temperature deviation information, combined with the preset control strategy (such as PID control, fuzzy control, adaptive control, etc.), the control parameters of the material temperature control array can be dynamically adjusted to make the actual temperature of the material constantly approach the target temperature curve. Through the synergy of the sensor array and the control array, the closed-loop monitoring and control of the material temperature is realized.

[0032] By configuring the material temperature control array according to the material temperature curve and combining the material temperature sensing array to achieve closed-loop monitoring and control of the temperature, it is ensured that the temperature change of the forging material accurately follows the preset curve during the entire forging process, laying the foundation for achieving the optimal forging process.

[0033] S5: synchronously configuring the equipment temperature control array according to the equipment temperature curve, and performing equipment temperature monitoring and control on the forging equipment in combination with the equipment temperature sensor array.

[0034] Specifically, the equipment temperature control array is configured according to the equipment temperature curve, and the equipment temperature sensor array is combined to realize closed-loop control of the forging equipment temperature, so that the equipment temperature and the material temperature change synchronously, avoiding forging quality problems caused by the temperature difference between the two.

[0035] First, similar to material temperature control, the equipment temperature control array is configured according to the equipment temperature curve. The equipment temperature curve reflects the optimal target value of the temperature of each component of the forging equipment over time during the forging process, and the equipment temperature control array is the actuator to realize the equipment temperature control. The equipment temperature curve is discretized into a series of target temperature values ​​at time nodes, and then according to the target temperature value of each time node, combined with the control characteristics of each controller in the equipment temperature control array, the control parameters of each controller are determined, and these parameters are sent to the corresponding temperature controller as control instructions. Through parameter setting and collaborative control, the equipment temperature control array can dynamically adjust the heating or cooling effect during the entire forging process to achieve precise control of the equipment temperature.

[0036] Secondly, the control process of the equipment temperature control array also needs to be based on the feedback information of the equipment temperature sensor array to form a closed-loop control. The equipment temperature sensor array is distributed in different parts of the forging equipment to collect the actual temperature data of the equipment in real time. These actual temperature data are compared with the target temperature value of the equipment temperature curve to obtain the deviation information of the equipment temperature. According to the temperature deviation information, combined with the preset control strategy, the control parameters of the equipment temperature control array are dynamically adjusted to make the actual temperature of the equipment constantly approach the target temperature curve. Through the synergy of the sensor array and the control array, the closed-loop monitoring and control of the equipment temperature is realized.

[0037] By configuring the equipment temperature control array and combining it with the equipment temperature sensor array to achieve closed-loop temperature monitoring and control, and implementing it simultaneously with material temperature monitoring, the best matching and coupling between material and equipment temperature during the forging process is guaranteed, thereby obtaining the ideal forging effect.

[0038] S6: Based on the material temperature monitoring and control results and the equipment temperature monitoring and control results, control the forging equipment to perform forging forming on the target forging material.

[0039] Specifically, according to the material temperature monitoring and control results and the equipment temperature monitoring and control results, the forging equipment is coordinated and controlled to apply forging force to the target forging material, realizing the coupled control of temperature field and force field, and ensuring the accuracy and quality of forging forming.

[0040] First, obtain the result data of material temperature monitoring and control and the result data of equipment temperature monitoring and control. These result data reflect the actual distribution characteristics of the temperature field of materials and equipment during the forging process, as well as the deviation of temperature changes from the preset temperature curve. The temperature monitoring and control results can characterize the thermal characteristics of materials and equipment and provide a basis for the application of forging pressure. Secondly, according to the thermal characteristics of materials and equipment, optimize the force distribution of forging equipment on forgings. The size and distribution of forging pressure not only affect the shape and size accuracy of forgings, but also cause changes in material temperature through plastic deformation. There is a complex coupling relationship between the forging force field and the temperature field. Therefore, the actual temperature state of materials and equipment is comprehensively considered in forging force control, and the size, direction and action time of forging force are adjusted in time to coordinate forging deformation with material temperature changes, so as to avoid forging defects caused by uneven temperature, such as cracks, wrinkles, underfilling, etc. For example, the material temperature monitoring and control results and the equipment temperature monitoring and control results are input into the numerical control system of the forging equipment. Through the preset forging force optimization control algorithm, such as finite element analysis, intelligent optimization algorithm, etc., the optimal forging force parameters of each forging step are calculated, and the mechanical transmission system, hydraulic servo system and other actuators of the forging equipment are controlled to apply the forging force that matches the temperature state to the forging. During the forging process, the actual forging force is monitored and fed back through the forging force sensor, forming a double closed-loop control of forging force and temperature, dynamically optimizing the application of forging force, and realizing intelligent adaptive control of the forming process.

[0041] By controlling the forging equipment to forge the target forging material, the coordinated control of material flow and temperature change during the forging process is achieved, and forging products with precise shape and size and excellent organizational properties are obtained, thereby improving the forging quality and stability.

[0042] Furthermore, the embodiment of the present application also includes: The material temperature curve includes a material heating curve, a material constant temperature curve, a material forging curve and a material cooling curve; Extracting the material constant temperature curve, the material forging curve and the material cooling curve as the equipment constant temperature curve, the equipment forging curve and the equipment cooling curve; Acquire an equipment heating curve of the forging equipment according to the basic equipment information of the forging equipment and the temperature value of the equipment constant temperature curve; The device heating curve, the device constant temperature curve, the device forging curve and the device cooling curve are connected to obtain the device temperature curve.

[0043] In a feasible implementation, the material temperature curve reflects the optimal change law of the material temperature during the forging process, including a heating stage, a constant temperature stage, a forging stage and a cooling stage, which correspond to the material heating curve, the material constant temperature curve, the material forging curve and the material cooling curve respectively. These four curves are connected and coherent, and together constitute a complete material temperature curve. The forging equipment plays the role of bearing the forgings and transmitting the forging pressure during the forging process, and its temperature change is related to the heating, forging and cooling process of the target forging material in the forging equipment. Therefore, the material constant temperature curve, the material forging curve and the material cooling curve are extracted from the material temperature curve as the constant temperature stage, forging stage and cooling stage of the equipment temperature curve, that is, the equipment constant temperature curve, the equipment forging curve and the equipment cooling curve, which reflect the optimal temperature change law of the forging equipment during the contact with the forging.

[0044] Then, combined with the characteristics of the forging equipment, the temperature curve of the equipment heating stage is supplemented. Before the forging equipment contacts the forging, it needs to be preheated according to the characteristics of the equipment such as heat capacity and heating power, so that its temperature reaches a level that matches the constant temperature stage of the forging. Therefore, the basic equipment information of the forging equipment, such as the material properties, geometric dimensions, heating device parameters, etc. of the equipment, is obtained, and the starting temperature of the equipment constant temperature curve is taken as the target. Through thermodynamic calculation or finite element simulation and other methods, the optimal heating curve of the forging equipment from room temperature heating to the constant temperature starting temperature, that is, the equipment heating curve, is obtained. This curve is independent of the material heating curve and reflects the preheating process of the forging equipment itself. After that, the obtained equipment heating curve is connected with the extracted equipment constant temperature curve, equipment forging curve and equipment cooling curve in chronological order to obtain the equipment temperature curve covering the entire forging process. This curve coincides with the material temperature curve in the constant temperature, forging and cooling stages, and is independent of each other in the heating stage, and together constitutes the target curve for achieving optimal temperature control in the forging process.

[0045] By combining material temperature curve extraction and equipment characteristic analysis, the equipment temperature change curve that matches the material temperature change is efficiently determined, laying the foundation for the subsequent synchronous optimization control of material and equipment temperature in the forging process.

[0046] Furthermore, the embodiment of the present application also includes: Extracting the intersection of the material heating curve and the material constant temperature curve to obtain the first material curve intersection, and extracting the intersection of the material constant temperature curve and the material forging curve to obtain the second material curve intersection; Extracting the intersection point of the equipment heating curve and the equipment constant temperature curve to obtain the first equipment curve intersection point, and extracting the intersection point of the equipment constant temperature curve and the equipment forging curve to obtain the second equipment curve intersection point; Aligning the intersection of the first material curve and the first equipment curve, and aligning the intersection of the second material curve and the second equipment curve, so that the material temperature curve and the equipment temperature curve are aligned; The target forging material and the forging equipment are temperature monitored and controlled synchronously according to the curve alignment result.

[0047] In a feasible implementation, the material temperature curve is formed by connecting the material heating curve, the material constant temperature curve, the material forging curve and the material cooling curve in sequence. Among them, the intersection of the material heating curve and the material constant temperature curve indicates that the material temperature has reached the constant temperature required before forging, which is the first key node of material temperature control, called the first material curve intersection. The intersection of the material constant temperature curve and the material forging curve indicates that the constant temperature insulation ends and the forging pressure begins to be applied. It is the second key node of material temperature control, called the second material curve intersection. By extracting these two intersections, the start and end time of the constant temperature stage of the material temperature curve can be clarified. Similar to the material temperature curve, the equipment temperature curve is formed by connecting the equipment heating curve, the equipment constant temperature curve, the equipment forging curve and the equipment cooling curve in sequence. Among them, the intersection of the equipment heating curve and the equipment constant temperature curve indicates that the equipment temperature has reached the temperature matching the material constant temperature stage, which is the first key node of equipment temperature control, called the first equipment curve intersection. The intersection of the equipment constant temperature curve and the equipment forging curve indicates that the equipment temperature begins to change with the material forging process, which is the second key node of equipment temperature control, called the second equipment curve intersection. By extracting these two intersection points, the start and end time of the constant temperature stage of the equipment temperature curve can be clearly determined.

[0048] Subsequently, the intersection of the first material curve and the intersection of the first equipment curve are aligned on the time axis, which ensures that the material temperature and the equipment temperature are synchronized when entering the constant temperature stage. The intersection of the second material curve and the intersection of the second equipment curve are aligned on the time axis, which ensures that the material temperature and the equipment temperature are synchronized when entering the forging stage. Through the alignment of these two key nodes, the material temperature curve and the equipment temperature curve completely overlap in the constant temperature stage and the forging stage, achieving a high degree of synchronization of the temperature changes of the material and the equipment. Afterwards, the material temperature sensing array and the material temperature control array are used to achieve closed-loop control of the temperature of the target forging material, so that it changes accurately along the aligned material temperature curve. At the same time, the equipment temperature sensing array and the equipment temperature control array are used to achieve closed-loop control of the temperature of the forging equipment, so that it is synchronized with the aligned equipment temperature curve. Through synchronous closed-loop control, it is ensured that the target forging material and the forging equipment have consistent temperature changes and coordinated thermal deformation throughout the forging process, avoiding forging defects caused by temperature mismatch, and improving the quality of forgings and production efficiency.

[0049] By utilizing the characteristic intersection of the temperature curve, the precise alignment of the material temperature curve and the equipment temperature curve is achieved, and on this basis, the synchronous monitoring and control of the material and equipment temperatures are realized, simplifying the temperature matching control process, thereby improving the forging quality and production efficiency.

[0050] Furthermore, the embodiment of the present application also includes: According to the aligned material temperature curve and equipment temperature curve, determine the heating stage, constant temperature stage, forging stage and cooling stage; In the heating stage, the target forging material is heated and controlled according to the material heating curve, and the forging equipment is heated and controlled according to the equipment heating curve until entering the constant temperature stage; After entering the constant temperature stage, the constant temperature material temperature in the material temperature monitoring and control result is read, and the constant temperature device temperature in the device temperature monitoring and control result is read; When the temperature of the constant temperature material is consistent with the temperature of the constant temperature equipment, and the constant temperature is maintained for a predetermined time, the forging stage is entered, and the forging equipment is controlled to forge the target forging material; After the forging is completed, the target forging material is cooled according to the material cooling curve, and the forging equipment is cooled according to the equipment cooling curve to complete the forging forming.

[0051] In a feasible implementation, according to the aligned material temperature curve and the equipment temperature curve, by analyzing the shape characteristics of the temperature curve, the time range of the heating stage, the constant temperature stage, the forging stage and the cooling stage are identified. The heating stage corresponds to the process in which the material temperature and the equipment temperature rise from room temperature to the constant temperature; the constant temperature stage corresponds to the process in which the material temperature and the equipment temperature are stabilized at the constant temperature; the forging stage corresponds to the process in which pressure is applied to the material under constant temperature conditions for plastic forming; the cooling stage corresponds to the process in which the forging cools from the forming temperature to room temperature. In the heating stage, the target forging material and the forging equipment are heated and controlled according to the aligned material heating curve and the equipment heating curve. The heating elements in the material temperature control array are used to heat the material according to the target temperature value of the material heating curve until the material temperature reaches the constant temperature. At the same time, the heating elements in the equipment temperature control array are used to heat the mold, the pressure head and other components of the forging equipment according to the target temperature value of the equipment heating curve until the equipment temperature reaches a level matching the material constant temperature. By synchronously heating and controlling the material and the equipment, it is ensured that the temperature state of both is consistent when entering the constant temperature stage. After entering the constant temperature stage, read the constant temperature values ​​in the material temperature monitoring and control results and the equipment temperature monitoring and control results respectively. The constant temperature material temperature refers to the actual temperature of the material after it stabilizes in the constant temperature stage, which is obtained through the feedback data of the material temperature sensor array. The constant temperature equipment temperature refers to the actual temperature of the equipment after it stabilizes in the constant temperature stage, which is obtained through the feedback data of the equipment temperature sensor array. Obtaining the actual constant temperature of the material and the equipment provides a basis for subsequent judgment of whether the temperatures of the two match.

[0052] After that, it is determined whether the temperature of the constant temperature material is consistent with the temperature of the constant temperature equipment, and the temperature stability is continuously monitored. When the temperature deviation between the two is within the allowable range, it means that the material and the equipment have reached thermal equilibrium, the temperature field is matched, and they are consistent. During the predetermined constant temperature time, the temperature of the material and the equipment is continuously monitored to ensure that the temperature remains stable. Once the temperature stability meets the requirements, the forging stage can be entered, and the forging equipment applies the forging pressure to the target forging material to start the plastic forming process. During the forging process, the temperature of the material and the equipment is continuously and dynamically adjusted through the material temperature control array and the equipment temperature control array to offset the temperature rise caused by the forging deformation, always maintain the thermal coupling state between the material and the equipment, and ensure the forming quality. After the forging is completed, the cooling stage is entered. According to the aligned material cooling curve, the cooling elements in the material temperature control array are used to control the cooling of the forgings, so that they cool down along the preset cooling path, avoiding performance degradation or residual stress problems caused by improper cooling rate. At the same time, according to the aligned equipment cooling curve, the cooling elements in the equipment temperature control array are used to cool the forging equipment, so that the equipment temperature and the forgings are reduced synchronously, avoiding inconsistent thermal deformation caused by excessive temperature difference between the two. After temperature control in the cooling stage, the forgings and equipment finally return to room temperature, and the entire forging process is completed.

[0053] By taking the aligned material temperature curve and equipment temperature curve as the benchmark, the forging process is divided into four key stages, and precise control and synchronous changes of material and equipment temperatures are achieved in each stage, thereby achieving dynamic matching of temperature field and stress field in the material forming process, which not only ensures the material forming performance, but also improves the accuracy and consistency of forgings, thereby improving the process level and product quality of forging forming.

[0054] Furthermore, the embodiment of the present application also includes: Get the maximum duration of the constant temperature stage; When the temperature of the thermostatic material is not consistent with the temperature of the thermostatic device within the maximum time, connecting the material temperature control array and the device temperature control array to a dual array controller; The dual array controller is configured according to the material temperature curve, and the material temperature control array and the equipment temperature control array are combined to perform synchronous mapping control on the target forging material and the forging equipment.

[0055] In a feasible implementation, a maximum duration judgment and a dual array controller are introduced in the constant temperature stage to cope with the situation where the material temperature is inconsistent with the device temperature.

[0056] First, obtain the maximum duration of the constant temperature stage. The constant temperature stage refers to the stable insulation stage before the forging starts after the material and equipment temperatures reach the constant temperature. The maximum duration refers to the maximum duration allowed for the constant temperature stage set in the process specification. If the material temperature and the equipment temperature are still not consistent after this duration, additional temperature matching control is required. The setting of the maximum duration needs to comprehensively consider factors such as material properties, equipment properties, and temperature fluctuation range. It is necessary to ensure that the material and equipment temperatures have enough time to reach uniform stability, and to avoid excessive constant temperature time leading to energy waste and reduced production efficiency. In the constant temperature stage, it is determined in real time whether the constant temperature material temperature is consistent with the constant temperature equipment temperature, and the constant temperature duration is recorded. If the material temperature and the equipment temperature are always consistent within the maximum duration, the forging stage can be directly entered without additional control. However, if the material temperature and the equipment temperature deviate within the maximum duration and fail to remain consistent, it means that the current temperature control array cannot effectively achieve temperature matching between the material and the equipment. At this time, the material temperature control array and the equipment temperature control array are connected to a dual array controller to coordinate and control the two arrays in a unified manner. The dual array controller is a control device specially used for matching and controlling two temperature arrays. According to the preset matching rules and temperature feedback, the control parameters of the two arrays are dynamically adjusted to achieve rapid matching of material temperature and equipment temperature.

[0057] When the material temperature control array and the equipment temperature control array are connected to the dual array controller, the control strategy and parameters of the dual array controller are configured with the aligned material temperature curve. The dual array controller takes the material temperature curve as the target, combines the current temperature state and control characteristics of the material temperature control array and the equipment temperature control array, and adopts the synchronous mapping control method to dynamically adjust the control instructions of the two temperature arrays, so that the material temperature and the equipment temperature change synchronously and achieve temperature matching in the shortest time. The so-called synchronous mapping control refers to the control method of calculating the control amount of the material temperature control array and the equipment temperature control array in real time according to the corresponding relationship between the material target temperature and the equipment target temperature, and then synchronously adjusting the output of the material heating and cooling device and the equipment heating and cooling device, so that the actual temperature of the material and the actual temperature of the equipment synchronously follow the target temperature change. The introduction of the dual array controller provides efficient, flexible and intelligent temperature coordination control means when conventional independent temperature control cannot achieve fast temperature matching, ensuring the high consistency of the material and equipment temperature fields.

[0058] Through maximum duration judgment and dual-array control mechanism, the occasional inconsistency between material temperature and equipment temperature is effectively dealt with, avoiding the problem of blindly waiting for the temperature to naturally balance and wasting production time, thereby quickly and accurately achieving dynamic matching of material and equipment temperature, improving the timeliness and reliability of temperature control, and improving the quality of forging products and production efficiency.

[0059] Furthermore, the embodiment of the present application also includes: discretizing the material temperature curve into target material temperature values ​​at a series of time nodes; Determine the control parameters of the material temperature control array at each time node according to the target material temperature value and in combination with the control characteristics of the material temperature control array; Inputting the target material temperature value into the material temperature input terminal of the dual array controller, and inputting the control parameter of the material temperature control array into the material control output terminal of the dual array controller; Based on the target material temperature value and the basic device information, the target device temperature value at each time node is calculated by a device temperature dynamic response model; Determine the control parameters of the device temperature control array at each time node according to the target device temperature value and in combination with the control characteristics of the device temperature control array; Inputting the target device temperature value into the device temperature input terminal of the dual array controller, and inputting the control parameter of the device temperature control array into the device control output terminal of the dual array controller; The dual array controller cooperatively controls the material temperature control array and the equipment temperature control array according to the target temperature values ​​of the material temperature input terminal and the equipment temperature input terminal, so that the actual temperature of the target forging material and the forging equipment synchronously tracks the material temperature curve.

[0060] In a preferred embodiment, first, a continuous material temperature curve is divided into several discrete time nodes by uniform or non-uniform time division. At each time node, the target material temperature value at that moment is obtained according to the function expression or interpolation value calculation of the material temperature curve. Then, at each discrete time node, the control parameters of the material temperature control array at that time node are determined according to the target material temperature value and the control characteristics of the material temperature control array. The material temperature control array is composed of several independent temperature control units, each of which may have different control characteristics, such as heating power, cooling capacity, temperature response speed, etc. Therefore, for each temperature control unit, considering its control characteristics, and combining the current target material temperature value and the actual temperature value, the control parameters of the temperature control unit at the current time node, such as heating current, refrigerant flow, etc., are calculated through control algorithms, such as PID control, fuzzy control, intelligent optimization control, etc. Then, the target material temperature value at each time node and the control parameters of the material temperature control array at the corresponding time node are respectively input into the corresponding interfaces of the dual array controller. The target material temperature value is used as the material temperature input of the dual array controller, reflecting the control target of the material temperature; the control parameters of the material temperature control array are used as the material control output of the dual array controller, reflecting the specific control instructions of the material temperature array. The dual array controller establishes data communication and control channels with the material temperature control array through the material temperature input port and the material control output port.

[0061] The dual array controller not only needs to control the material temperature, but also needs to coordinately control the equipment temperature. However, the target value of the equipment temperature control cannot be directly taken as the target temperature value on the material temperature curve, because the temperature response characteristics of the equipment are different from those of the material. Therefore, according to the known target material temperature value and the basic equipment information of the forging equipment, the equipment temperature dynamic response model is used to predict and calculate the equipment target temperature value that matches the material temperature change. Among them, the equipment temperature dynamic response model is constructed by combining theoretical modeling with experimental correction. It not only considers the physical properties of the equipment such as thermal parameters and geometric structure, but also considers the control characteristics and temperature response laws of the heating and cooling device, so as to establish a dynamic mapping relationship between the equipment temperature and the material temperature. After calculating the target equipment temperature value at each time node through the equipment temperature dynamic response model, the control parameters of the equipment temperature control array at the time node are determined according to the control characteristics of the equipment temperature control array. The equipment temperature control array is similar to the material temperature control array, and is also composed of several independent temperature control units. Each temperature control unit calculates its control parameters through a specific control algorithm based on its own control characteristics and the current target equipment temperature value. Afterwards, the target temperature value of the device is input into the device temperature input port of the dual array controller, and the control parameters of the device temperature control array are input into the device control output port of the dual array controller. The dual array controller establishes a data communication and control channel with the device temperature control array through the device temperature input port and the device control output port. Thereafter, the dual array controller coordinates the material temperature control array and the device temperature control array according to the target material temperature value received by the material temperature input port and the target device temperature value received by the device temperature input port, so that the actual temperature of the material and the actual temperature of the device synchronously track the material temperature curve. Specifically, the dual array controller receives the actual temperature value collected by the material temperature sensing array and the device temperature sensing array in real time, compares it with the target temperature value at the corresponding moment, calculates the temperature deviation value, and dynamically adjusts the control parameters of the material temperature control array and the device temperature control array according to the deviation value size and change trend, generates material control instructions and device control instructions, and sends them to the corresponding temperature control unit in real time through the material control output port and the device control output port, so as to realize the dynamic matching and synchronous control of the material temperature field and the device temperature field.

[0062] By configuring a dual-array controller based on the material temperature curve and combining the material temperature control array and the equipment temperature control array, synchronous mapping control of the material and equipment temperatures is achieved. The personalized control characteristics of the material temperature control array and the equipment temperature control array are fully considered, and the synchronous control capability of the dual-array controller is used to ensure that the actual material temperature and the actual equipment temperature follow the target temperature with high precision, always maintaining a consistent match between the material temperature field and the equipment temperature field, thereby obtaining an ideal forging effect.

[0063] Furthermore, the embodiment of the present application also includes: Setting a material temperature constraint of the target forging material according to the material temperature curve, and setting a device temperature constraint of the forging device according to the device temperature curve; When the material temperature monitoring and control result triggers the material temperature constraint, or the equipment temperature monitoring and control result triggers the equipment temperature constraint, a process monitoring alarm is performed.

[0064] In a feasible implementation, first, on the basis of obtaining the material temperature curve and the equipment temperature curve, a series of temperature constraints are further set according to the curve characteristics to determine whether the material temperature and the equipment temperature exceed the normal process range during the forging process. For the material temperature constraint, the upper and lower limits of the material temperature are set according to the upper and lower boundaries of the material temperature curve. When the actual temperature of the material exceeds the upper limit or is lower than the lower limit, it is considered that the material temperature constraint is violated, which will affect the plastic deformation ability and organizational properties of the material and need to trigger an alarm. For the equipment temperature constraint, the rate of change limit, fluctuation amplitude limit, etc. of the equipment temperature are set with reference to the change trend of the equipment temperature curve. When the rate of change of the actual temperature of the equipment exceeds the rate of change limit, or the temperature fluctuation amplitude exceeds the fluctuation amplitude limit, it is considered that the equipment temperature constraint is violated, which may cause the equipment temperature to be out of control or mechanical thermal deformation, and an alarm needs to be triggered. By setting the material temperature constraint and the equipment temperature constraint, a judgment basis and behavior criteria are provided for the temperature monitoring and control of the forging process, thereby realizing abnormal diagnosis and early warning of process temperature.

[0065] Subsequently, during the forging process, the material temperature monitoring and control results and the equipment temperature monitoring and control results are collected in real time, and compared with the preset temperature constraints to determine whether the constraint is triggered. For the material temperature monitoring and control results, the real-time temperature values ​​of each part of the material are obtained through the material temperature sensor array, and compared with the upper and lower limits in the material temperature constraint. If at a certain sampling moment, the material temperature exceeds the constraint range, and the duration exceeds the preset tolerance threshold, it is considered that the material temperature constraint is triggered, and the process monitoring alarm process is started. For the equipment temperature monitoring and control results, the real-time temperature values ​​of each part of the equipment are obtained through the equipment temperature sensor array, and differential operations are performed to obtain the rate of change and fluctuation range of the equipment temperature. The rate of change and fluctuation range are compared with the rate of change limit and fluctuation range limit in the equipment temperature constraint. If at a certain sampling moment, the rate of change or fluctuation range of the equipment temperature exceeds the constraint range, and the duration exceeds the preset tolerance threshold, it is considered that the equipment temperature constraint is triggered, and the process monitoring alarm process is started. Once the material temperature constraint or equipment temperature constraint is triggered, the process monitoring alarm process will send an early warning message to the production management system and take corresponding control measures according to the preset alarm rules, such as adjusting the material heating and cooling parameters, suspending the forging machine action, reducing the forging speed, etc., to avoid process accidents or product quality problems caused by abnormal temperature. On the basis of temperature monitoring and control of forging process, a process monitoring and alarm mechanism based on temperature constraints is further constructed. With quantified temperature constraints as triggering basis, the abnormal risks of material temperature and equipment temperature are evaluated in real time. Through timely early warning and intervention control, the safety, reliability and consistency of forging production are improved.

[0066] In summary, the forging process intelligent monitoring method based on the Internet of Things provided in the embodiment of the present application has the following technical effects: Determine the target forging material, obtain the basic material information of the target forging material, and determine the material temperature curve based on the basic material information, wherein the material temperature curve is the optimal temperature change curve of the target forging material during the forging process, providing a theoretical basis and target parameters for the subsequent precise control of the material temperature. Interactively obtain the basic equipment information of the forging equipment, and determine the equipment temperature curve based on the basic equipment information and the material temperature curve, wherein the equipment temperature curve is the optimal temperature change curve of the forging equipment during the forging process, so as to achieve synchronization of the material and equipment temperatures, reduce the temperature difference between the two, and thus reduce heat loss. Set up a material temperature sensing array and a material temperature control array, and set up an equipment temperature sensing array and an equipment temperature control array on the forging equipment, laying the foundation for intelligent temperature management. Configure the material temperature control array according to the material temperature curve, and monitor and control the material temperature of the target forging material in combination with the material temperature sensing array, and achieve precise tracking and adjustment of the material temperature through closed-loop control to ensure that the material temperature always changes along the optimal curve. The equipment temperature control array is configured according to the equipment temperature curve, and the equipment temperature sensor array is combined to monitor and control the equipment temperature of the forging equipment, so as to achieve precise control of the equipment temperature, so that it changes synchronously with the material temperature and minimize heat loss. Based on the material temperature monitoring and control results and the equipment temperature monitoring and control results, the forging equipment is controlled to forge the target forging material, thereby improving the forging quality and stability.

[0067] Embodiment 2 is based on the same inventive concept as the forging process intelligent monitoring method based on the Internet of Things in the previous embodiment. Figure 2 As shown, the embodiment of the present application provides an intelligent monitoring system for forging process based on the Internet of Things, the system comprising: A material temperature curve module 11 is used to determine a target forging material, obtain basic material information of the target forging material, and determine a material temperature curve based on the basic material information, wherein the material temperature curve is an optimal temperature change curve of the target forging material during the forging process; The equipment temperature curve module 12 is used to interactively obtain basic equipment information of the forging equipment, and determine the equipment temperature curve based on the basic equipment information and the material temperature curve, wherein the equipment temperature curve is the optimal temperature change curve of the forging equipment during the forging process; An array deployment module 13, used to set a material temperature sensing array and a material temperature control array, and to set a device temperature sensing array and a device temperature control array on the forging device; A material temperature monitoring module 14, configured to configure the material temperature control array according to the material temperature curve, and to monitor and control the material temperature of the target forging material in combination with the material temperature sensing array; The equipment temperature monitoring module 15 is used to synchronously configure the equipment temperature control array according to the equipment temperature curve, and to monitor and control the equipment temperature of the forging equipment in combination with the equipment temperature sensing array; The forging control module 16 is used to control the forging equipment to perform forging on the target forging material based on the material temperature monitoring control result and the equipment temperature monitoring control result.

[0068] Furthermore, the device temperature curve module 12 includes the following execution steps: The material temperature curve includes a material heating curve, a material constant temperature curve, a material forging curve and a material cooling curve; Extracting the material constant temperature curve, the material forging curve and the material cooling curve as the equipment constant temperature curve, the equipment forging curve and the equipment cooling curve; Acquire an equipment heating curve of the forging equipment according to the basic equipment information of the forging equipment and the temperature value of the equipment constant temperature curve; The device heating curve, the device constant temperature curve, the device forging curve and the device cooling curve are connected to obtain the device temperature curve.

[0069] Furthermore, the embodiment of the present application also includes a temperature curve alignment module, which includes the following execution steps: Extracting the intersection of the material heating curve and the material constant temperature curve to obtain the first material curve intersection, and extracting the intersection of the material constant temperature curve and the material forging curve to obtain the second material curve intersection; Extracting the intersection point of the equipment heating curve and the equipment constant temperature curve to obtain the first equipment curve intersection point, and extracting the intersection point of the equipment constant temperature curve and the equipment forging curve to obtain the second equipment curve intersection point; Aligning the intersection of the first material curve and the first equipment curve, and aligning the intersection of the second material curve and the second equipment curve, so that the material temperature curve and the equipment temperature curve are aligned; The target forging material and the forging equipment are temperature monitored and controlled synchronously according to the curve alignment result.

[0070] Furthermore, the device temperature monitoring module 15 includes the following execution steps: According to the aligned material temperature curve and equipment temperature curve, determine the heating stage, constant temperature stage, forging stage and cooling stage; In the heating stage, the target forging material is heated and controlled according to the material heating curve, and the forging equipment is heated and controlled according to the equipment heating curve until entering the constant temperature stage; After entering the constant temperature stage, the constant temperature material temperature in the material temperature monitoring and control result is read, and the constant temperature device temperature in the device temperature monitoring and control result is read; When the temperature of the constant temperature material is consistent with the temperature of the constant temperature equipment, and the constant temperature is maintained for a predetermined time, the forging stage is entered, and the forging equipment is controlled to forge the target forging material; After the forging is completed, the target forging material is cooled according to the material cooling curve, and the forging equipment is cooled according to the equipment cooling curve to complete the forging forming.

[0071] Furthermore, the device temperature monitoring module 15 also includes the following execution steps: Get the maximum duration of the constant temperature stage; When the temperature of the thermostatic material is not consistent with the temperature of the thermostatic device within the maximum time, connecting the material temperature control array and the device temperature control array to a dual array controller; The dual array controller is configured according to the material temperature curve, and the material temperature control array and the equipment temperature control array are combined to perform synchronous mapping control on the target forging material and the forging equipment.

[0072] Furthermore, the device temperature monitoring module 15 also includes the following execution steps: discretizing the material temperature curve into target material temperature values ​​at a series of time nodes; Determine the control parameters of the material temperature control array at each time node according to the target material temperature value and in combination with the control characteristics of the material temperature control array; Inputting the target material temperature value into the material temperature input terminal of the dual array controller, and inputting the control parameter of the material temperature control array into the material control output terminal of the dual array controller; Based on the target material temperature value and the basic device information, the target device temperature value at each time node is calculated by a device temperature dynamic response model; Determine the control parameters of the device temperature control array at each time node according to the target device temperature value and in combination with the control characteristics of the device temperature control array; Inputting the target device temperature value into the device temperature input terminal of the dual array controller, and inputting the control parameter of the device temperature control array into the device control output terminal of the dual array controller; The dual array controller cooperatively controls the material temperature control array and the equipment temperature control array according to the target temperature values ​​of the material temperature input terminal and the equipment temperature input terminal, so that the actual temperature of the target forging material and the forging equipment synchronously tracks the material temperature curve.

[0073] Furthermore, the embodiment of the present application also includes a process monitoring alarm module, which includes the following execution steps: Setting a material temperature constraint of the target forging material according to the material temperature curve, and setting a device temperature constraint of the forging device according to the device temperature curve; When the material temperature monitoring and control result triggers the material temperature constraint, or the equipment temperature monitoring and control result triggers the equipment temperature constraint, a process monitoring alarm is performed.

[0074] Any step of the method described above can be stored as a computer instruction or program in an unlimited computer memory, and can be called and recognized by an unlimited computer processor to implement any method in the embodiments of the present application, without any unnecessary restrictions.

[0075] Furthermore, the first or second mentioned above may not only represent an order relationship, but may also represent a specific concept, and / or refer to multiple elements that can be selected individually or in full. Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present application without departing from the scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the present application and its equivalents, the present application intends to include these changes and variations.

Claims

1. An intelligent monitoring method for forging process based on the Internet of Things, characterized in that: include: Determine a target forging material, obtain basic material information of the target forging material, and determine a material temperature curve based on the basic material information, wherein the material temperature curve is an optimal temperature change curve of the target forging material during the forging process; Interactively acquiring basic equipment information of the forging equipment, and determining an equipment temperature curve based on the basic equipment information and the material temperature curve, wherein the equipment temperature curve is an optimal temperature change curve of the forging equipment during the forging process; Setting a material temperature sensing array and a material temperature control array, and setting an equipment temperature sensing array and an equipment temperature control array on the forging equipment; The material temperature control array is configured according to the material temperature curve, and the material temperature sensing array is combined to monitor and control the material temperature of the target forging material; Synchronously configuring the equipment temperature control array according to the equipment temperature curve, and performing equipment temperature monitoring and control on the forging equipment in combination with the equipment temperature sensor array; Based on the material temperature monitoring and control results and the equipment temperature monitoring and control results, the forging equipment is controlled to perform forging forming on the target forging material.

2. The method for intelligent monitoring of forging process based on Internet of Things according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Interactively acquiring basic equipment information of a forging equipment, and determining an equipment temperature curve based on the basic equipment information and the material temperature curve, including: The material temperature curve includes a material heating curve, a material constant temperature curve, a material forging curve and a material cooling curve; Extracting the material constant temperature curve, the material forging curve and the material cooling curve as the equipment constant temperature curve, the equipment forging curve and the equipment cooling curve; Acquire an equipment heating curve of the forging equipment according to the basic equipment information of the forging equipment and the temperature value of the equipment constant temperature curve; The device heating curve, the device constant temperature curve, the device forging curve and the device cooling curve are connected to obtain the device temperature curve.

3. The method for intelligent monitoring of forging process based on Internet of Things according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The method further comprises: Extracting the intersection of the material heating curve and the material constant temperature curve to obtain the first material curve intersection, and extracting the intersection of the material constant temperature curve and the material forging curve to obtain the second material curve intersection; Extracting the intersection point of the equipment heating curve and the equipment constant temperature curve to obtain the first equipment curve intersection point, and extracting the intersection point of the equipment constant temperature curve and the equipment forging curve to obtain the second equipment curve intersection point; Aligning the intersection of the first material curve and the first equipment curve, and aligning the intersection of the second material curve and the second equipment curve, so that the material temperature curve and the equipment temperature curve are aligned; The target forging material and the forging equipment are temperature monitored and controlled synchronously according to the curve alignment result.

4. The method for intelligent monitoring of forging process based on Internet of Things according to claim 3 is characterized in that: Based on the material temperature monitoring and control results and the equipment temperature monitoring and control results, controlling the forging equipment to perform forging and forming on the target forging material includes: According to the aligned material temperature curve and equipment temperature curve, determine the heating stage, constant temperature stage, forging stage and cooling stage; In the heating stage, the target forging material is heated and controlled according to the material heating curve, and the forging equipment is heated and controlled according to the equipment heating curve until entering the constant temperature stage; After entering the constant temperature stage, the constant temperature material temperature in the material temperature monitoring and control result is read, and the constant temperature device temperature in the device temperature monitoring and control result is read; When the temperature of the constant temperature material is consistent with the temperature of the constant temperature equipment, and the constant temperature is maintained for a predetermined time, the forging stage is entered, and the forging equipment is controlled to forge the target forging material; After the forging is completed, the target forging material is cooled according to the material cooling curve, and the forging equipment is cooled according to the equipment cooling curve to complete the forging forming.

5. The method for intelligent monitoring of forging process based on Internet of Things according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The method further comprises: Get the maximum duration of the constant temperature stage; When the temperature of the thermostatic material is not consistent with the temperature of the thermostatic device within the maximum time, connecting the material temperature control array and the device temperature control array to a dual array controller; The dual array controller is configured according to the material temperature curve, and the material temperature control array and the equipment temperature control array are combined to perform synchronous mapping control on the target forging material and the forging equipment.

6. The method for intelligent monitoring of forging process based on Internet of Things according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The dual array controller is configured with the material temperature curve, and the target forging material and forging equipment are synchronously mapped and controlled in combination with the material temperature control array and the equipment temperature control array, including: discretizing the material temperature curve into target material temperature values ​​at a series of time nodes; Determine the control parameters of the material temperature control array at each time node according to the target material temperature value and in combination with the control characteristics of the material temperature control array; Inputting the target material temperature value into the material temperature input terminal of the dual array controller, and inputting the control parameter of the material temperature control array into the material control output terminal of the dual array controller; Based on the target material temperature value and the basic device information, the target device temperature value at each time node is calculated by a device temperature dynamic response model; Determine the control parameters of the device temperature control array at each time node according to the target device temperature value and in combination with the control characteristics of the device temperature control array; Inputting the target device temperature value into the device temperature input terminal of the dual array controller, and inputting the control parameter of the device temperature control array into the device control output terminal of the dual array controller; The dual array controller cooperatively controls the material temperature control array and the equipment temperature control array according to the target temperature values ​​of the material temperature input terminal and the equipment temperature input terminal, so that the actual temperature of the target forging material and the forging equipment synchronously tracks the material temperature curve.

7. The method for intelligent monitoring of forging process based on Internet of Things according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method further comprises: Setting a material temperature constraint of the target forging material according to the material temperature curve, and setting a device temperature constraint of the forging device according to the device temperature curve; When the material temperature monitoring and control result triggers the material temperature constraint, or the equipment temperature monitoring and control result triggers the equipment temperature constraint, a process monitoring alarm is performed.

8. The forging process intelligent monitoring system based on the Internet of Things is characterized by: The method for implementing the forging process intelligent monitoring method based on the Internet of Things according to any one of claims 1 to 7 comprises: A material temperature curve module, used to determine a target forging material, obtain basic material information of the target forging material, and determine a material temperature curve based on the basic material information, wherein the material temperature curve is an optimal temperature change curve of the target forging material during the forging process; An equipment temperature curve module, used for interactively acquiring basic equipment information of a forging equipment, and determining an equipment temperature curve based on the basic equipment information and the material temperature curve, wherein the equipment temperature curve is an optimal temperature change curve of the forging equipment during the forging process; An array deployment module, used to set a material temperature sensing array and a material temperature control array, and to set a device temperature sensing array and a device temperature control array on the forging device; A material temperature monitoring module, configured to configure the material temperature control array according to the material temperature curve, and to monitor and control the material temperature of the target forging material in combination with the material temperature sensing array; An equipment temperature monitoring module, used to synchronously configure the equipment temperature control array according to the equipment temperature curve, and to monitor and control the equipment temperature of the forging equipment in combination with the equipment temperature sensing array; The forging control module is used to control the forging equipment to perform forging on the target forging material based on the material temperature monitoring control result and the equipment temperature monitoring control result.

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