Ultrasonic machining assembly, finishing machining device and finishing machining system

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of workpiece surface machining, and discloses an ultrasonic machining assembly, a finishing machining device and a finishing machining system.When the ultrasonic machining assembly is adopted for machining the surface of a workpiece, high-frequency electric energy needs to be input into a plurality of transducers, so that the transducers convert the high-frequency electric energy into high-frequency mechanical vibration; the vibration reverser can absorb and collect high-frequency mechanical vibration of the transducers and convert the high-frequency mechanical vibration into high-frequency mechanical vibration in the axial direction of the vibration reverser, so that the machining roller connected to the axial outer end of the vibration reverser can conduct ultrasonic rolling machining on the surface of the workpiece, and therefore the surface quality of the workpiece can be effectively controlled, and the machining efficiency is improved. And the surface hardness of the workpiece can be effectively improved. In addition, the machining roller is arranged at the maximum amplitude position of the vibration reverser and can achieve high-power output, so that the plastic hardening effect of the surface of the workpiece is further improved, and the finishing machining efficiency of the workpiece is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of workpiece surface processing, and specifically relates to an ultrasonic processing component, a finishing processing device and a finishing processing system. Background Art

[0002] In industrial production, some large workpieces need to be electroplated on their surfaces due to requirements such as sealing, wear resistance and service life. The surface roughness of large workpieces directly affects the adhesion, uniformity, corrosion resistance and wear resistance of the coating, and has a crucial impact on the quality of the coating.

[0003] Take the inner surface processing of super-large and super-long oil cylinders (diameter can reach more than 1.8 meters and length can exceed 30 meters) as an example. In order to ensure the electroplating effect, its inner surface cannot be too smooth or too rough. Because when it is too smooth, the lubricating oil may not be effectively distributed inside the oil cylinder, resulting in direct contact between the metal surfaces of the components in the oil cylinder, increasing the friction coefficient and making the coating more easily worn; and when it is too rough, the friction force of the oil cylinder when it is extended and retracted will increase significantly, causing the coating to wear faster and shortening the service life of the oil cylinder.

[0004] It can be seen that before electroplating the surface of a large workpiece, it is necessary to strictly control the surface roughness of the large workpiece to ensure that the coating quality meets expectations. Currently, most traditional surface treatment methods such as polishing, grinding, and honing are used to achieve this. However, these traditional surface treatment methods can only control the surface quality (roughness) of large workpieces, and the effect is relatively single. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide an ultrasonic machining component, a finishing machining device and a finishing machining system, which can effectively control the surface quality of a workpiece and greatly improve the surface hardness of the workpiece.

[0006] In order to achieve the above objectives, the present application provides an ultrasonic machining assembly on one hand, which includes:

[0007] Bracket;

[0008] a plurality of transducers for converting high frequency electrical energy into high frequency mechanical vibrations;

[0009] a vibration commutator, which is arranged on the bracket and comprises a vibration absorbing portion and a commutation shaft portion which are coaxially connected, wherein the outer periphery of the vibration absorbing portion is connected to a plurality of the transducers which are sequentially spaced and arranged in the circumferential direction; and

[0010] The processing roller is rotatably connected to the axial outer end of the commutating shaft body and is located at the maximum amplitude position of the vibration commutator, so that the processing roller can perform ultrasonic rolling processing on the surface of the workpiece with maximum rolling force.

[0011] In some embodiments, the plurality of transducers are radially arranged along the radial direction of the vibration absorbing portion, and the rotation axis of the processing roller is perpendicular to the axis of the reversing shaft body;

[0012] Among them, the distance L between the axial outer end of the transducer and the axis of the vibration absorbing part is (λ+n*λ / 2) mm, the distance between the axis of the transducer and the rotation axis of the processing roller is (λ / 2+N*λ / 2) mm, the diameter C of the transducer is less than λ / 4, the diameter D of the reversing shaft body is less than λ / 4, λ is the ultrasonic vibration wavelength, and n and N are both non-negative integers.

[0013] In some embodiments, the bracket includes an elastic support plate located on the vibration node surface of the vibration commutator, and the commutation shaft body coaxially passes through the elastic support plate;

[0014] Among them, the distance A between the elastic support plate and the axis of the transducer is (λ / 4+n1*λ / 2) mm, the distance B between the elastic support plate and the rotation axis of the processing roller is (λ / 4+n2*λ / 2) mm, n1 and n2 are both non-negative integers, and N=n1+n2.

[0015] In some embodiments, the bracket includes an elastic support plate, a connecting plate and a plurality of grid plates, the vibration commutator is coaxially connected to the elastic support plate, the connecting plate and the elastic support plate are arranged in parallel and spaced apart, a plurality of grid plates are commonly connected to the connecting plate and the elastic support plate and are arranged in sequence along the circumference of the connecting plate, and a plurality of transducers extend outward from the spacing areas between the plurality of grid plates respectively.

[0016] In some embodiments, the bracket includes an elastic support plate, the vibration commutator is coaxially connected to the elastic support plate, and the ultrasonic machining assembly also includes a surface roughness sensor for detecting the surface roughness of the workpiece, the surface roughness sensor is connected to the elastic support plate and is provided with a retractable probe.

[0017] In some embodiments, the plurality of transducers include a first transducer, a second transducer, a third transducer, and a fourth transducer which are arranged in sequence and at equal intervals along the circumference of the vibration commutator;

[0018] Among them, the frequencies of the driving voltages of the first transducer and the third transducer are the same and the phase difference is a non-zero integer multiple of π / 2, the frequencies of the driving voltages of the second transducer and the fourth transducer are the same and the phase difference is a non-zero integer multiple of π / 2, one of the frequencies of the driving voltages of the first transducer and the second transducer is a positive integer multiple of the other, and the phase difference between the driving voltages of the first transducer and the second transducer is an integer multiple of π / 4.

[0019] The second aspect of the present application also provides a finishing device, which includes:

[0020] The ultrasonic machining assembly described above; and

[0021] The rotating mechanism is used to drive the ultrasonic machining assembly to rotate along the circumference of the workpiece so as to perform ultrasonic rolling machining on the circumferential wall surface of the workpiece.

[0022] In some embodiments, the ultrasonic machining assemblies are provided in plurality, and the plurality of ultrasonic machining assemblies are sequentially spaced apart along the circumference of the workpiece, and the rotating mechanism is used to drive the plurality of ultrasonic machining assemblies to rotate along the circumference of the workpiece.

[0023] In some embodiments, six ultrasonic machining components are provided; in any three of the ultrasonic machining components, the phase difference of the driving voltage of the first transducer and the second transducer in each of the ultrasonic machining components is π / 4; in the remaining three ultrasonic machining components, the phase difference of the driving voltage of the first transducer and the second transducer in each of the ultrasonic machining components is π / 2; in any one of the ultrasonic machining components, the frequencies of the driving voltages of the first transducer and the second transducer are the same.

[0024] In some embodiments, the rotating mechanism includes a rotating shaft, a retractable structure and a rotating drive, wherein the retractable structure connects the rotating shaft and the bracket and is used to adjust the radial spacing between the ultrasonic machining component and the rotating shaft, and the rotating drive is used to drive the rotating shaft to rotate so as to drive the retractable structure and the ultrasonic machining component to rotate around the axis of the rotating shaft.

[0025] The third aspect of the present application also provides a finishing system, which includes:

[0026] The above-mentioned finishing device;

[0027] A traction device, used for traction of the finishing device to move along the axial direction of the workpiece; and

[0028] A control device is used to control the finishing device and the traction device.

[0029] Through the above technical scheme, when the ultrasonic machining assembly of the present application is used to process the surface of the workpiece, it is necessary to input high-frequency electrical energy into multiple transducers so that the multiple transducers convert the high-frequency electrical energy into high-frequency mechanical vibrations, and the vibration commutator can absorb and collect the high-frequency mechanical vibrations of the multiple transducers and convert them into high-frequency mechanical vibrations along its own axial direction, so that the machining roller connected to the axial outer end of the vibration commutator can perform ultrasonic rolling processing on the surface of the workpiece. As the ultrasonic energy acts on the surface of the workpiece, the surface of the workpiece can undergo plastic deformation and introduce residual stress, and the microstructure of the surface of the workpiece changes, which can achieve the effects of finishing and surface strengthening at the same time, that is, it can effectively control the surface quality of the workpiece and effectively improve the surface hardness of the workpiece. In addition, by setting the machining roller at the maximum amplitude position of the vibration commutator, the machining roller can achieve high-power output, thereby further enhancing the plastic hardening effect of the workpiece surface, which is beneficial to improving the finishing efficiency.

[0030] Other features and advantages of the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail in the subsequent detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present application and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the following specific embodiments, they are used to explain the embodiments of the present application, but do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative work. In the drawings:

[0032] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a finishing system in a specific embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a finishing device and a workpiece suitable for finishing in a specific embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A partial schematic diagram of a finishing device in FIG.

[0035] Figure 4 A three-dimensional diagram of an ultrasonic machining assembly in a specific embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A side view of an ultrasonically machined assembly;

[0037] Figure 6 A driving voltage waveform diagram of a transducer of an ultrasonic machining component in a specific embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 7A schematic diagram of an ultrasonic machining trajectory of a finishing machining device on a workpiece surface in a specific embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the distribution of micro-mechanical anchor points in the ultrasonic machining trajectory.

[0040] Description of Reference Numerals

[0041] 1 Finishing device 2 Traction device

[0042] 3 Control device W Workpiece

[0043] P Micromechanical Anchor

[0044] 11 Ultrasonic machining components 12 Rotating mechanism

[0045] 13 Support mechanism

[0046] 111 Bracket 112 Transducer

[0047] 113 Vibration commutator 114 Processing roller

[0048] 115 Surface roughness sensor 121 Rotating shaft

[0049] 122 Rotation drive 123 First connecting rod

[0050] 124 Second connecting rod 125 Third connecting rod

[0051] 126 First slide 127 Second slide

[0052] 128 retraction and extension drive 131 support shaft

[0053] 132 inner support assembly 133 first swing rod

[0054] 134 Second swing rod 135 Third swing rod

[0055] 136 First Sliding Sleeve 137 Second Sliding Sleeve

[0056] 138 Opening and closing drive 139 Walking structure

[0057] 111a elastic support plate 111b connecting plate

[0058] 111c grid plate 112a first transducer

[0059] 112b Second transducer 112c Third transducer

[0060] 112d Fourth transducer 113a Vibration absorbing portion

[0061] 113b Reversing shaft DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] The specific implementation of the present application is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific implementation described here is only used to illustrate and explain the present application, and is not used to limit the present application.

[0063] Reference Figures 2 to 6 The first exemplary embodiment of the present application provides an ultrasonic machining assembly 11 , which includes a bracket 111 , a plurality of transducers 112 , a vibration commutator 113 and a machining roller 114 .

[0064] Specifically, a plurality of transducers 112 are used to convert high-frequency electrical energy into high-frequency mechanical vibrations. A vibration commutator 113 is disposed on the bracket 111, and a plurality of transducers 112 arranged in sequence and spaced in the circumferential direction are connected to the outer periphery of the vibration commutator 113, and the vibration commutator 113 is used to convert the high-frequency mechanical vibrations of the plurality of transducers 112 into high-frequency mechanical vibrations along its own axial direction (i.e., the axial direction of the vibration commutator 113). A processing roller 114 is rotatably connected to the axial outer end of the vibration commutator 113, and the processing roller 114 is used to perform ultrasonic rolling processing on the surface of the workpiece W (including but not limited to the inner circumferential wall surface and the outer circumferential wall surface of the workpiece W).

[0065] Through the above arrangement, when the ultrasonic machining assembly 11 of the present application is used to machine the surface of the workpiece W, it is necessary to input high-frequency electrical energy into the multiple transducers 112, so that the multiple transducers 112 convert the high-frequency electrical energy into high-frequency mechanical vibrations, and the vibration commutator 113 can absorb and collect the high-frequency mechanical vibrations of the multiple transducers 112 and convert them into high-frequency mechanical vibrations along its own axial direction, so that the machining roller 114 connected to the axial outer end of the vibration commutator 113 can perform ultrasonic rolling machining on the surface of the workpiece W. As the ultrasonic energy acts on the surface of the workpiece W, the surface of the workpiece W can undergo plastic deformation and introduce residual stress, and the microstructure of the surface of the workpiece W changes, which can achieve the effects of finishing and surface strengthening at the same time, that is, it can effectively control the surface quality of the workpiece and effectively improve the surface hardness of the workpiece.

[0066] Since the ultrasonic machining assembly 11 of the present application can effectively control the surface quality of the workpiece, the surface of the workpiece W can be processed to an appropriate roughness before the electroplating treatment, and will not be too smooth or rough, and can provide more microscopic mechanical anchor points, so that the bonding between the coating and the workpiece surface is more firm, so as to ensure that the coating can be firmly attached and prevent the coating from falling off under high-pressure working conditions. In addition, the appropriate roughness can promote the uniform deposition of the coating, ensure the consistency of the coating thickness, thereby effectively improving the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the coating. When the workpiece surface is the inner peripheral wall of the oil cylinder (including but not limited to the super-large and super-long oil cylinder), the improvement of the coating quality helps the lubricating oil to be effectively distributed inside the oil cylinder, avoiding direct contact between the metal surfaces of the components in the oil cylinder, thereby reducing the friction suffered when the oil cylinder is stretched and retracted, slowing down the wear rate of the coating, and helping to extend the service life of the oil cylinder.

[0067] In some embodiments, the rotation axis of the processing roller 114 perpendicular to the axis of the vibration commutator 113 can be set to be located at the maximum amplitude position of the vibration commutator 113, so that the processing roller 114 can have a larger amplitude, the rolling effect is further improved, and the plastic hardening effect of the workpiece surface is further improved.

[0068] In some embodiments, the bracket 111 may include an elastic support plate 111a, and the vibration commutator 113 may be fixed to the bracket 111 by being coaxially connected to the elastic support plate 111a. Under this structure, when the vibration commutator 113 vibrates in the axial direction, the elastic support plate 111a can also produce elastic displacement in the axial direction under the influence of the vibration, thereby expanding the axial movement range of the vibration commutator 113. In this way, it is not necessary to control the distance between the ultrasonic machining component 11 and the workpiece surface very accurately to ensure that the machining roller 114 contacts the workpiece surface due to the small amplitude of the ultrasonic vibration. In other words, since the axial movement range of the vibration commutator 113 is expanded, the movement accuracy requirements of the ultrasonic machining component 11 can be reduced. When the movement accuracy requirements are reduced, the machining roller 114 can still perform ultrasonic rolling processing on the surface of the workpiece W. Therefore, the ultrasonic machining component 11 of the present application has the advantages of easy control and strong practicality.

[0069] Furthermore, the elastic support plate 111 a may be arranged to be located on the vibration node surface of the vibration commutator 113 , so as to prevent the vibration of the vibration commutator 113 from being transmitted to the bracket 111 through the elastic support plate 111 a , thereby ensuring the overall stability of the bracket 111 .

[0070] In some embodiments, the vibration commutator 113 may include a vibration absorbing portion 113a and a commutating shaft portion 113b, and the two ends of the commutating shaft portion 113b are respectively connected to the vibration absorbing portion 113a and the processing roller 114. In addition, a plurality of transducers 112 are connected to the outer periphery of the vibration absorbing portion 113a, and the commutating shaft portion 113b is coaxially connected to the elastic support plate 111a.

[0071] Based on the arrangement of this embodiment, the vibration absorbing portion 113a can absorb and collect the high-frequency mechanical vibrations of the multiple transducers 112 and convert them into high-frequency mechanical vibrations along its own axial direction. Since the vibration absorbing portion 113a and the reversing shaft body portion 113b are coaxially connected and fixed, the reversing shaft body portion 113b can also vibrate mechanically along its own axial direction at high frequency, so that the processing roller 114 connected to the reversing shaft body portion 113b can perform ultrasonic rolling processing on the surface of the workpiece W. In addition, the vibration of the reversing shaft body portion 113b can be transmitted to the elastic support plate 111a coaxial therewith, and the elastic support plate 111a can also produce elastic displacement along the axial direction under the influence of the vibration, thereby expanding the axial movement range of the vibration commutator 113.

[0072] In some embodiments, the bracket 111 may also include a connecting plate 111b and a plurality of grid plates 111c, wherein the connecting plate 111b is arranged in parallel with the elastic support plate 111a, and the plurality of grid plates 111c are commonly connected to the connecting plate 111b and the elastic support plate 111a, and the plurality of grid plates 111c are arranged in sequence along the circumference of the connecting plate 111b, and the plurality of transducers 112 extend outward from the spacing areas between the plurality of grid plates 111c, respectively. Such an arrangement can improve the structural compactness of the ultrasonic machining component 11, reduce the material cost of the bracket 111, and reduce the overall weight of the ultrasonic machining component 11.

[0073] In some embodiments, the ultrasonic machining component 11 may include a surface roughness sensor 115 (such as an inductive roughness detector, etc.) for detecting the surface roughness of the workpiece W. For example, the surface roughness sensor 115 may be connected to the elastic support plate 111a and provided with a retractable probe. The retractable design of the probe can ensure that the probe is in contact with the surface of the workpiece, thereby ensuring the success rate and detection accuracy of the surface roughness of the surface roughness sensor 115. By setting the surface roughness sensor 115, a structural basis can be provided for real-time monitoring of the finishing effect. On this basis, an additional control device 3 can be provided for use in conjunction with the ultrasonic machining component 11, and the control device 3 is used to automatically adjust the working state of the ultrasonic machining component 11 online according to the detection data of the surface roughness sensor 115 (for example, adjusting the frequency and phase of the driving voltage of multiple transducers 112, etc.).

[0074] In some embodiments, reference Figure 4, the plurality of transducers 112 may include a first transducer 112a, a second transducer 112b, a third transducer 112c, and a fourth transducer 112d which are arranged at equal intervals in sequence along the circumferential direction of the vibration commutator 113. That is, at this time, the first transducer 112a and the third transducer 112c are arranged in pairs and are located on both sides of the radial direction of the vibration commutator 113, the second transducer 112b and the fourth transducer 112d are arranged in pairs and are located on both sides of the radial direction of the vibration commutator 113, and the first transducer 112a, the second transducer 112b, the third transducer 112c, and the fourth transducer 112d are arranged in a cross shape as a whole. In addition, the first transducer 112a, the second transducer 112b, the third transducer 112c, and the fourth transducer 112d may be further arranged to be radially radially arranged along the vibration absorbing portion 113a.

[0075] In some embodiments, reference Figure 5 , the distance L between the axial outer end of the transducer 112 and the axis of the vibration absorbing portion 113a can be set to (λ+n*λ / 2) mm, the distance between the axis of the transducer 112 and the rotation axis of the processing roller 114 can be set to (λ / 2+N*λ / 2) mm, the diameter C of the transducer 112 can be set to be less than λ / 4, and the diameter D of the reversing shaft body 113b can be set to be less than λ / 4, wherein λ is the wavelength of ultrasonic vibration, and n and N are both non-negative integers.

[0076] By limiting the design of the above-mentioned dimensions, the amplitudes of multiple transducers 112 (for example, the amplitudes of the first transducer 112a and the third transducer 112c installed in pairs and the amplitudes of the second transducer 112b and the fourth transducer 112d installed in pairs) can achieve the effect of peak superposition or offset by controlling the voltage phase of the high-frequency electricity, and the processing roller 114 can achieve high-power output, thereby further enhancing the plastic hardening effect of the workpiece surface and greatly improving the finishing efficiency.

[0077] Furthermore, the distance A between the elastic support plate 111a and the axis of the transducer 112 can be set to (λ / 4+n1*λ / 2) mm, and the distance B between the elastic support plate 111a and the rotation axis of the processing roller 114 can be set to (λ / 4+n2*λ / 2) mm, wherein n1 and n2 are both non-negative integers, and N=n1+n2.

[0078] In some embodiments, the driving voltages of the first transducer 112a and the third transducer 112c can be set to have the same frequency and a non-zero integer multiple of π / 2 as the phase difference, the driving voltages of the second transducer 112b and the fourth transducer 112d can be set to have the same frequency and a non-zero integer multiple of π / 2 as the phase difference, one of the frequencies of the driving voltages of the first transducer 112a and the second transducer 112b can be set to a positive integer multiple of the other, and the phase difference of the driving voltages of the first transducer 112a and the second transducer 112b can be set to an integer multiple of π / 4.

[0079] Through the above settings, we can get Figure 6 The driving voltage waveforms of the first transducer 112a, the second transducer 112b, the third transducer 112c and the fourth transducer 112d are shown, wherein f1 is the driving voltage waveform of the first transducer 112a, f2 is the driving voltage waveform of the second transducer 112b, f3 is the driving voltage waveform of the third transducer 112c, and f4 is the driving voltage waveform of the fourth transducer 112d.

[0080] from Figure 6 It can be seen that after the driving voltage waveforms of the first transducer 112a, the second transducer 112b, the third transducer 112c and the fourth transducer 112d are superimposed, the ultrasonic machining component 11 is in a high voltage input state during most of the working time, thereby effectively improving the ultrasonic vibration energy obtained by the ultrasonic machining component 11, thereby greatly improving the plastic hardening effect of the workpiece surface and greatly improving the finishing efficiency.

[0081] Reference Figures 1 to 3 The second exemplary embodiment of the present application further provides a finishing device 1, which may include a rotating mechanism 12 and the above-mentioned ultrasonic machining component 11. However, it should be noted that the ultrasonic machining component 11 may also be replaced by other forms of ultrasonic machining components or other types of machining components (including but not limited to polishing, grinding, honing and other machining components), and the present application does not limit this.

[0082] Next, the finishing device 1 of the present application will be further introduced by taking the ultrasonic machining component 11 as an example.

[0083] Specifically, the rotating mechanism 12 can drive the ultrasonic machining assembly 11 to rotate along the circumference of the workpiece W to perform ultrasonic rolling machining on the peripheral wall surface of the workpiece W (ie, the inner peripheral wall surface and / or the outer peripheral wall surface of the workpiece W).

[0084] In some embodiments, there are multiple ultrasonic machining components 11 in the finishing processing device 1, and the multiple ultrasonic machining components 11 are arranged in sequence along the circumference of the workpiece W. At this time, the rotating mechanism 12 can drive the multiple ultrasonic machining components 11 to rotate along the circumference of the workpiece W to perform ultrasonic rolling processing on the peripheral wall surface of the workpiece W. Since the multiple ultrasonic machining components 11 work at the same time, the finishing processing efficiency can be effectively improved.

[0085] In some embodiments, reference Figure 8 The finishing processing device 1 is configured to process a plurality of microscopic mechanical anchor points P arranged in an array on the peripheral wall surface of the workpiece W through a plurality of ultrasonic processing components 11. By processing a plurality of regularly distributed microscopic mechanical anchor points P on the peripheral wall surface of the workpiece, the bonding between the coating and the workpiece surface can be made stronger, ensuring that the coating can be firmly attached, preventing the coating from falling off under high-pressure working conditions, thereby effectively extending the working life of the coating.

[0086] In some embodiments, to obtain Figure 8 The multiple microscopic mechanical anchor points P shown are referred to as Figure 2 and Figure 7 Six ultrasonic machining components 11 can be set in the finishing machining device 1. Specifically, in any ultrasonic machining component 11, the driving voltage of the first transducer 112a and the third transducer 112c is set to a non-zero integer multiple of the same frequency and the phase difference of π / 2, and the driving voltage of the second transducer 112b and the fourth transducer 112d is set to a non-zero integer multiple of the same frequency and the phase difference of π / 2.

[0087] Furthermore, in any one of the ultrasonic machining assemblies 11, the frequencies of the driving voltages of the first transducer 112a and the second transducer 112b are set to be the same.

[0088] Furthermore, in any three ultrasonic machining assemblies 11, the phase difference between the driving voltages of the first transducer 112a and the second transducer 112b in each ultrasonic machining assembly 11 is set to π / 4, so that the machining trajectories of the three ultrasonic machining assemblies 11 on the workpiece surface are Figure 7 The trajectory shown in ①.

[0089] In the remaining three ultrasonic machining components 11, the phase difference between the driving voltages of the first transducer 112a and the second transducer 112b in each ultrasonic machining component 11 is set to π / 2, so that the machining tracks of the three ultrasonic machining components 11 on the workpiece surface are Figure 7 The trajectory shown in ②.

[0090] Therefore, from the overall point of view, the machining tracks of the six ultrasonic machining components 11 in the finishing machining device 1 on the workpiece surface are Figure 7The trajectory ③ shown in FIG is formed by superimposing the trajectory ① and the trajectory ②. The multiple intersection positions of the trajectory ① and the trajectory ② are Figure 8 Multiple micromechanical anchor points P are shown.

[0091] It can be seen that by controlling the driving voltage waveforms of multiple transducers 112, a complex processing trajectory can be synthesized, and multiple regularly distributed microscopic mechanical anchor points P can be processed on the workpiece surface, which can effectively improve the bonding force between the coating and the workpiece surface and extend the working life of the coating.

[0092] In some embodiments, reference Figure 3 The rotating mechanism 12 may include a rotating shaft 121, a stowage structure and a rotating driver 122. Specifically, the stowage structure connects the rotating shaft 121 and the bracket 111 and is used to adjust the radial spacing between the ultrasonic machining component 11 and the rotating shaft 121. The rotating driver 122 is used to drive the rotating shaft 121 to rotate so as to drive the stowage structure and the ultrasonic machining component 11 to rotate around the axis of the rotating shaft 121. For example, the rotating driver 122 may be a different type of driver such as a motor.

[0093] It can be seen that the finishing device 1 of the present embodiment is suitable for finishing the inner circumferential wall surface of the workpiece W, and according to the different inner diameters of the workpiece, the finishing device 1 can use the retractable structure to adjust the radial spacing between the ultrasonic machining component 11 and the rotating shaft 121, thereby ensuring that the ultrasonic machining component 11 can always perform ultrasonic rolling processing on the inner circumferential wall surface of the workpiece W with different inner diameters, thereby making the finishing device 1 have strong versatility.

[0094] Furthermore, when there are multiple ultrasonic machining components 11, the multiple ultrasonic machining components 11 are arranged in sequence around the rotating shaft 121. At this time, the retractable structure connects the rotating shaft 121 and the brackets 111 of the multiple ultrasonic machining components 11, so that the radial spacing between the multiple ultrasonic machining components 11 and the rotating shaft 121 can be synchronously adjusted using the retractable structure.

[0095] In addition, if an elastic support plate 111a is provided in the ultrasonic machining component 11, it is not necessary to require the rotation shaft 121 to be aligned with the axis of the workpiece W to ensure that the machining roller 114 is in contact with the inner circumferential wall of the workpiece W, because based on the foregoing, the elastic support plate 111a can elastically move in the axial direction, thereby expanding the axial movement range of the vibration commutator 113, thereby also expanding the axial movement range of the machining roller 114, and further reducing the centering requirement between the rotation shaft 121 and the axis of the workpiece W, reducing the difficulty of using the finishing machining device 1, and improving its versatility, adaptability and practicality.

[0096] In some embodiments, the retracting and unfolding structure includes a first connecting rod 123, a second connecting rod 124, a third connecting rod 125, a first slide 126, a second slide 127 and a retracting and unfolding driver 128. Specifically, the first slide 126 and the second slide 127 can be slidably sleeved outside the rotating shaft 121 in the axial direction and are fixed to the rotating shaft 121 in the circumferential direction, so when the rotating shaft 121 rotates, the first slide 126 and the second slide 127 can rotate synchronously. In addition, the two ends of the first connecting rod 123 are respectively hinged to the bracket 111 and the first slide 126, the two ends of the second connecting rod 124 and the two ends of the third connecting rod 125 are respectively hinged to the bracket 111 and the second slide 127, the first connecting rod 123 and the second connecting rod 124 are arranged at an angle and the angle can be adjusted by the retracting and unfolding driver 128, and the second connecting rod 124 and the third connecting rod 125 are arranged in parallel and spaced apart.

[0097] Through the arrangement of this embodiment, when the extension and retraction driver 128 drives the included angle between the first link 123 and the second link 124 to increase, the distance between the first slide cylinder 126 and the second slide cylinder 127 increases, and the third link 125 swings synchronously with the second link 124, so that driven by the first link 123, the second link 124 and the third link 125, the ultrasonic machining assembly 11 can move smoothly closer to the rotating shaft 121.

[0098] On the contrary, when the retraction and extension driver 128 drives the included angle of the first link 123 and the second link 124 to become smaller, the distance between the first slide cylinder 126 and the second slide cylinder 127 becomes smaller, and the third link 125 swings synchronously with the second link 124, so that driven by the first link 123, the second link 124 and the third link 125, the ultrasonic machining assembly 11 can move smoothly away from the rotating shaft 121.

[0099] The extension and retraction drive 128 may adopt different types of drives such as a linear motor, an electric cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, etc., and the present application does not impose any limitation on this.

[0100] In some embodiments, the rotating mechanism 12 may further include a floating connector (not shown in the drawings) connected between the rotating driver 122 and the rotating shaft 121 and capable of floating in the radial direction. When the ultrasonic machining assembly 11 performs finishing processing on the inner peripheral wall surface of the workpiece W, the ultrasonic machining assembly 11 will be subjected to the reaction force of the workpiece W. By providing a floating connector, this reaction force can be buffered to avoid a strong impact on the rotating driver 122 and reduce the durability of the rotating driver 122.

[0101] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2The finishing device 1 further includes a support mechanism 13 that can be fixed on the workpiece W and supports the rotating mechanism 12. In this way, before finishing the peripheral wall surface of the workpiece W, the support mechanism 13 can be fixed on the workpiece W to provide a fixed foundation for the finishing device 1 as a whole, and then the rotating mechanism 12 is used to drive the ultrasonic machining component 11 (which can also be replaced by other forms of ultrasonic machining components or other types of machining components) to rotate along the circumference of the workpiece W to perform finishing.

[0102] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The support mechanism 13 may include a support shaft 131, an opening and closing structure, and a plurality of inner support components 132. Specifically, the plurality of inner support components 132 are arranged in sequence around the support shaft 131, and the opening and closing structure connects the support shaft 131 and the plurality of inner support components 132 and is used to adjust the radial spacing between the plurality of inner support components 132 and the support shaft 131. The support mechanism 13 of this embodiment is suitable for supporting and fixing in the inner cavity of the workpiece W.

[0103] When it is necessary to fix the support mechanism 13 in the inner cavity of the workpiece W, the radial spacing between the multiple inner support components 132 and the support shaft 131 can be increased through the opening and closing structure, so that the multiple inner support components 132 can jointly support the inner circumferential wall surface of the workpiece W, thereby fixing the support mechanism 13 and the workpiece W, which can provide stronger rigidity and stability for the finishing processing device 1, thereby effectively improving the finishing processing effect.

[0104] When the finishing device 1 needs to be moved, the radial spacing between the multiple inner support components 132 and the support shaft 131 can be reduced through the opening and closing structure, so that the multiple inner support components 132 are out of contact with the inner circumferential wall of the workpiece W. At this time, the finishing device 1 can be moved quickly and conveniently.

[0105] In some embodiments, the opening and closing structure may include a first sliding sleeve 136, a second sliding sleeve 137, an opening and closing driver 138, and a plurality of swing rod groups corresponding to the plurality of inner support components 132. Each swing rod group includes a first swing rod 133, a second swing rod 134, and a third swing rod 135. The first sliding sleeve 136 and the second sliding sleeve 137 may be slidably sleeved outside the support shaft 131 in the axial direction and are circumferentially fixed to the support shaft 131, so that the first sliding sleeve 136 and the second sliding sleeve 137 cannot rotate around the support shaft 131.

[0106] In addition, in each rocker arm group, both ends of the first rocker arm 133 and both ends of the second rocker arm 134 are respectively hinged to the first sliding sleeve 136 and the corresponding internal support assembly 132, and both ends of the third rocker arm 135 are respectively hinged to the second sliding sleeve 137 and the corresponding internal support assembly 132. The first rocker arm 133 and the second rocker arm 134 are arranged in parallel and spaced apart, and the second rocker arm 134 and the third rocker arm 135 are arranged at an angle and the size of the angle can be adjusted by the opening and closing driver 138.

[0107] Through the arrangement of this embodiment, when the opening and closing driver 138 drives the included angle between the second rocker arm 134 and the third rocker arm 135 to increase, the distance between the first slide sleeve 136 and the second slide sleeve 137 increases, and the first rocker arm 133 and the second rocker arm 134 swing synchronously, so that under the drive of the first rocker arm 133, the second rocker arm 134 and the third rocker arm 135, the inner support assembly 132 corresponding to the first rocker arm 133, the second rocker arm 134 and the third rocker arm 135 can move smoothly close to the support shaft 131.

[0108] On the contrary, when the opening and closing driver 138 drives the included angle of the second swing rod 134 and the third swing rod 135 to become smaller, the distance between the first sliding sleeve 136 and the second sliding sleeve 137 becomes smaller, and the first swing rod 133 and the second swing rod 134 swing synchronously, so that driven by the first swing rod 133, the second swing rod 134 and the third swing rod 135, the inner support assembly 132 corresponding to the first swing rod 133, the second swing rod 134 and the third swing rod 135 can move smoothly away from the support shaft 131.

[0109] The opening and closing drive 138 can adopt different types of drives such as linear motors, electric cylinders, hydraulic cylinders, etc., and this application does not limit this.

[0110] Further, in Figure 3 In the illustrated embodiment, the support shaft 131 is formed as a hollow shaft, and the rotating shaft of the rotational drive 122 passes through the support shaft 131 to be fixed to the first slide cylinder 126 (for example, it can be fixed by a floating connector), and the housing of the rotational drive 122 can be fixed at the end of the first slide sleeve 136.

[0111] In some embodiments, the support mechanism 13 also includes a walking structure 139 that is disposed on the inner support assembly 132 and can move between a use position and a standby position. Specifically, in the use position, the walking structure 139 exceeds the radial outer end of the inner support assembly 132 so as to be able to contact the inner circumferential wall surface of the workpiece W, so that the finishing processing device 1 can move along the axial direction of the workpiece W through the walking structure 139, thereby processing different areas of the inner circumferential wall of the workpiece, which can save time and effort and greatly improve the processing efficiency. In the standby position, the walking structure 139 does not exceed the radial outer end of the inner support assembly 132 so as to be able to break away from the inner circumferential wall surface of the workpiece W. At this time, the inner circumferential wall of the workpiece W can be jointly supported by multiple inner support assemblies 132, so that the finishing processing device 1 stays in a certain axial area of ​​the workpiece W to perform the finishing processing action.

[0112] In some embodiments, the walking structure 139 includes a telescopic rod that can be extended and retracted along the radial direction of the support shaft 131 and a walking wheel connected to the outer end of the telescopic rod. Through the telescopic movement of the telescopic rod, the walking wheel can be controlled to contact or disengage with the inner peripheral wall surface of the workpiece W, so that the walking structure 139 can be easily moved between the use position and the standby position.

[0113] Reference Figure 1 The third exemplary embodiment of the present application further provides a finishing system, which includes the aforementioned finishing device 1, traction device 2 and control device 3.

[0114] When it is necessary to move the finishing device 1 along the axial direction of the workpiece W to perform finishing on the surface of different areas of the workpiece, the finishing device 1 can be pulled by the traction device 2 to move along the axial direction of the workpiece W. It should be noted that when the traction device 2 is provided, the finishing device 1 does not necessarily have to be provided with a walking structure 139 in order to be able to move along the axial direction of the workpiece W.

[0115] As an example, the traction device 2 may adopt a hoisting mechanism and be provided at both axial ends of the workpiece W. The two hoisting mechanisms can realize the traction of the finishing device 1, thereby driving the finishing device 1 to move along the axial direction of the workpiece W.

[0116] In addition, the control device 3 is used to control the finishing device 1 and the traction device 2, including but not limited to controlling the start and stop of the finishing device 1 and the traction device 2, controlling the movement of the support mechanism 13 and the rotating mechanism 12 in the finishing device 1, and obtaining the detection data of the surface roughness sensor 115 to automatically adjust the working state of the ultrasonic machining component.

[0117] In summary, the present application provides a new ultrasonic machining component 11, a finishing machining device 1 and a finishing machining system, which are particularly suitable for the inner surface machining of extra-large and extra-long cylinders with different cylinder diameters, and have many technical advantages such as high machining efficiency, effective control of workpiece surface quality, improvement of workpiece surface hardness, online monitoring of surface quality, and reduction of alignment requirements with the cylinder.

[0118] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present application, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0119] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communication with each other; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0120] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0121] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limitations on the present application. Ordinary technicians in this field can change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An ultrasonic machining component, characterized in that include: Bracket (111); A plurality of transducers (112) for converting high-frequency electrical energy into high-frequency mechanical vibrations; a vibration commutator (113), arranged on the bracket (111) and comprising a coaxially connected vibration absorbing portion (113a) and a commutating shaft portion (113b), wherein the outer periphery of the vibration absorbing portion (113a) is connected to a plurality of transducers (112) sequentially arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction; and The processing roller (114) is rotatably connected to the axial outer end of the commutation shaft body (113b) and is located at the maximum amplitude position of the vibration commutator (113), so that the processing roller (114) can perform ultrasonic rolling processing on the surface of the workpiece (W) with maximum rolling force.

2. The ultrasonic machining assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of transducers (112) are radially arranged along the radial direction of the vibration absorbing portion (113a), and the rotation axis of the processing roller (114) is perpendicular to the axis of the reversing shaft portion (113b); The spacing L between the axial outer end of the transducer (112) and the axis of the vibration absorbing portion (113a) is (λ+n*λ / 2) mm, the spacing between the axis of the transducer (112) and the rotation axis of the processing roller (114) is (λ / 2+N*λ / 2) mm, the diameter C of the transducer (112) is less than λ / 4, the diameter D of the reversing shaft portion (113b) is less than λ / 4, λ is the wavelength of ultrasonic vibration, and n and N are both non-negative integers.

3. The ultrasonic machining assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bracket (111) comprises an elastic support plate (111a) located on the vibration node surface of the vibration commutator (113), and the commutation shaft body (113b) coaxially penetrates the elastic support plate (111a); The spacing A between the elastic support plate (111a) and the axis of the transducer (112) is (λ / 4+n1*λ / 2) mm, the spacing B between the elastic support plate (111a) and the rotation axis of the processing roller (114) is (λ / 4+n2*λ / 2) mm, n1 and n2 are both non-negative integers, and N=n1+n2.

4. The ultrasonic machining assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bracket (111) comprises an elastic support plate (111a), a connecting plate (111b) and a plurality of grid plates (111c); the vibration commutator (113) is coaxially connected to the elastic support plate (111a); the connecting plate (111b) and the elastic support plate (111a) are arranged in parallel and at intervals; the plurality of grid plates (111c) are commonly connected to the connecting plate (111b) and the elastic support plate (111a) and are arranged in sequence and at intervals along the circumference of the connecting plate (111b); and the plurality of transducers (112) respectively extend outward from the interval areas between the plurality of grid plates (111c).

5. The ultrasonic machining assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bracket (111) comprises an elastic support plate (111a), the vibration commutator (113) is coaxially connected to the elastic support plate (111a), and the ultrasonic machining component (11) further comprises a surface roughness sensor (115) for detecting the surface roughness of a workpiece (W), the surface roughness sensor (115) is connected to the elastic support plate (111a) and is provided with a retractable probe.

6. The ultrasonic machining assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The plurality of transducers (112) include a first transducer (112a), a second transducer (112b), a third transducer (112c) and a fourth transducer (112d) which are arranged in sequence and at equal intervals along the circumference of the vibration commutator (113); The driving voltages of the first transducer (112a) and the third transducer (112c) have the same frequency and a phase difference of a non-zero integer multiple of π / 2, the driving voltages of the second transducer (112b) and the fourth transducer (112d) have the same frequency and a phase difference of a non-zero integer multiple of π / 2, one of the frequencies of the driving voltages of the first transducer (112a) and the second transducer (112b) is a positive integer multiple of the other, and the phase difference of the driving voltages of the first transducer (112a) and the second transducer (112b) is an integer multiple of π / 4.

7. Finishing device, characterized in that: include: The ultrasonic machining assembly (11) according to claim 6; and The rotating mechanism (12) is used to drive the ultrasonic processing assembly (11) to rotate along the circumference of the workpiece (W) so as to perform ultrasonic rolling processing on the circumferential wall surface of the workpiece (W).

8. The finishing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The ultrasonic machining components (11) are provided in plurality, and the plurality of ultrasonic machining components (11) are arranged in sequence and spaced apart along the circumference of the workpiece (W). The rotating mechanism (12) is used to drive the plurality of ultrasonic machining components (11) to rotate along the circumference of the workpiece (W).

9. The finishing device according to claim 8, characterized in that: Six ultrasonic machining components (11) are provided; in any three of the ultrasonic machining components (11), the phase difference of the driving voltage of the first transducer (112a) and the second transducer (112b) in each of the ultrasonic machining components (11) is π / 4; in the remaining three ultrasonic machining components (11), the phase difference of the driving voltage of the first transducer (112a) and the second transducer (112b) in each of the ultrasonic machining components (11) is π / 2; in any one of the ultrasonic machining components (11), the frequencies of the driving voltages of the first transducer (112a) and the second transducer (112b) are the same.

10. The finishing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The rotating mechanism (12) comprises a rotating shaft (121), a retractable structure and a rotating driver (122); the retractable structure connects the rotating shaft (121) and the bracket (111) and is used to adjust the radial spacing between the ultrasonic machining component (11) and the rotating shaft (121); the rotating driver (122) is used to drive the rotating shaft (121) to rotate so as to drive the retractable structure and the ultrasonic machining component (11) to rotate around the axis of the rotating shaft (121).

11. Finishing system, characterized in that: include: A finishing device (1) according to any one of claims 7 to 10; A traction device (2) for traction of the finishing device (1) to move along the axial direction of the workpiece (W); and A control device (3) is used to control the finishing device (1) and the traction device (2).

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