A device and method for manufacturing a tunnel lining model containing crack characteristics

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel lining manufacturing, and specifically to a device for making a tunnel lining model with crack characteristics and a method for making the same, comprising a combined slide rail located above an outer mold, a plurality of telescopic components slidably connected to the lower end of the combined slide rail, the lower end of the telescopic component being movably connected to a ball socket cylinder via a first ball head, the ball socket cylinder being movably connected to a ball socket rod, the other end of the ball socket rod being movably connected to a crack mold, and a heating wire being provided in the crack mold. The outer mold and the inner mold are combined to form a tunnel lining mold, and a plurality of crack molds are provided. When in use, it is only necessary to disassemble the inner mold combination block and then select a nearby crack mold to cut a crack at a designated location. The range of movement of the crack mold is very large, so it can meet various needs for quantitative crack production. A heating wire is provided in the crack mold, and the crack cut in the tunnel lining is quickly solidified by heating.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel lining manufacturing, in particular to a device for manufacturing a tunnel lining model with crack characteristics and a manufacturing method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the process of making a tunnel lining model, in order to simulate the real tunnel environment, it is sometimes necessary to set cracks in the lining model. However, in the existing technology, the process of making a tunnel lining model with cracks is relatively complicated.

[0003] Furthermore, cracks are typically created when the tunnel lining is in its initial setting state, a state where concrete is still unstable. This is especially true when cracks are created on vertical surfaces of the tunnel lining. Due to gravity, concrete in this initial setting state is prone to flow and collapse, causing the cracks to deform or even close.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a novel device for making a tunnel lining model with crack characteristics to solve the above problems.

[0005] In addition, the artificial cracks currently created are not real irregular cracks, but regular cracks. This approach has a large error from reality. Therefore, how to make it closer to reality and how to produce cracks of various shapes in reality are also problems we hope to solve. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to propose a device and method for making a tunnel lining model with crack characteristics, so as to solve the problem in the prior art that the process of making a tunnel lining model with crack characteristics is relatively complicated and the cracks are easily deformed or even closed.

[0007] Based on the above purpose, the present invention provides a device for manufacturing a tunnel lining model with crack characteristics, comprising an outer mold and an inner mold composed of a plurality of inner mold assembly blocks, wherein the outer mold and the inner mold are combined to form a tunnel lining mold, and the tunnel lining model further comprises:

[0008] A combined slide rail is located above the outer mold, wherein the lower end of the combined slide rail is slidably connected to a plurality of telescopic components, and the lower end of each telescopic component is fixedly connected to a first ball head;

[0009] A socket tube movably connected to the first ball head, the other end of the socket tube being movably connected to a socket rod, the other end of the socket rod being movably connected to a crack mold for making cracks on the inner wall of the tunnel lining;

[0010] A heating component is provided in the crack mold for heating the crack mold.

[0011] Furthermore, a ball socket is provided at the connection between the ball socket tube and the first ball head, one end of the ball socket rod is located in the ball socket tube and is telescopically and slidably connected thereto, and a ball socket is also provided at the other end of the ball socket rod, the crack mold is fixedly connected to the connecting piece, and a second ball head is fixedly connected to the other side of the connecting piece, and the second ball head is movably connected to the ball socket of the ball socket rod.

[0012] Furthermore, the telescopic assembly includes a base tube, an intermediate tube and a telescopic rod, the base tube is slidably connected to the lower end of the combined slide rail, the upper end of the intermediate tube is located in the base tube and slidably connected thereto, the upper end of the telescopic rod is located in the intermediate tube and slidably connected thereto, and the first ball head is fixedly connected to the lower end of the telescopic rod.

[0013] Furthermore, the combined slide rail is fixedly connected to the track tripod, and the track tripod is detachably connected to the outer mold. The combined slide rail includes several slide rails with different curvatures, and a telescopic component is slidably connected under each slide rail. The inner mold is composed of six inner mold combination blocks with different curvatures, and adjacent inner mold combination blocks are fixedly connected by connecting pieces. The inner mold has the same shape as the outer mold and is proportionally reduced.

[0014] Furthermore, the telescopic component is provided with an energy storage power supply for supplying power to the heating component, and the combined slide rail is provided with an electrical connector, which can be connected to an external power supply to supply power to the heating component.

[0015] Furthermore, the telescopic component is provided with a wire connected to a power supply, the wire is connected to the power-carrying component between the first ball head and the ball socket tube through a flexible cable, the power-carrying component is connected to the first conductive rod through a flexible cable, the first conductive rod is connected to the power-carrying component between the second ball head and the ball socket rod, the power-carrying component is connected to the second conductive rod through a flexible cable, and the second conductive rod is connected to the heating component.

[0016] Furthermore, the power supply assembly between the first ball head and the ball socket tube includes a connecting socket and a movable member, the connecting socket is fixedly connected to the ball socket of the ball socket tube, the movable member passes through the ball wall of the first ball head and is slidably connected thereto, and a conductive block is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the movable member, the conductive block is slidably connected to the connecting socket, and a third conductive rod is fixedly connected to the conductive block, the other end of the third conductive rod passes through the movable member and is connected to the flexible cable, and an inner spring is further provided in the movable member, the inner spring is located between the conductive block and the movable member, and an outer spring is further connected to the outside of the movable member, the other end of the outer spring is connected to a partition, and the partition is fixedly connected to the first ball head;

[0017] The structure of the energizing assembly between the second ball head and the ball socket rod is the same as the structure of the energizing assembly between the first ball head and the ball socket cylinder.

[0018] Furthermore, the crack mold is a fixed part that will not deform, and the heating component is a heating wire, which is fixedly installed inside the crack mold.

[0019] Furthermore, the crack mold is a deformable flexible sleeve, a plurality of metal sheets are attached to the outer surface of the flexible sleeve, and the flexible sleeve is filled with a filler that can be transformed between solid and liquid under temperature control. The heating component is a heating rod, which is located inside the flexible sleeve and fixedly connected to the connecting piece.

[0020] A method for manufacturing a device for manufacturing a tunnel lining model containing crack characteristics comprises the following steps:

[0021] Step 1: After assembling the inner formwork, pour concrete between the outer formwork and the inner formwork. After the concrete has initially set, disassemble the inner formwork assembly blocks at the corresponding positions according to the locations where you want to create cracks.

[0022] Step 2: Select the telescopic assembly at the corresponding position, lower it to the appropriate position, rotate the ball-and-socket cylinder so that the crack mold is perpendicular to the inner wall of the tunnel lining, and then pull out the ball-and-socket rod to insert the crack mold into the initially set tunnel lining;

[0023] Step 3: Rotate the ball-and-socket cylinder so that the crack mold creates a crack in the newly set tunnel lining. Simultaneously, activate the heating wire to heat the crack mold, causing the crack in the tunnel lining to solidify quickly, preventing the newly set concrete from collapsing and causing the crack to deform or even close.

[0024] Step 4: Use the telescopic assembly to lower the crack mold by one position, and repeat the above operation to make the second crack until all the cracks are made;

[0025] Step 5: After the cracked tunnel lining is completely solidified, first remove the combined slide rail and the telescopic assembly thereon, then remove the inner mold, and finally take out the cracked tunnel lining.

[0026] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. A tunnel lining mold is formed by combining an outer mold and an inner mold, wherein the inner mold is composed of a plurality of inner mold combination blocks. Compared with an integrally formed mold, it is not only easy to assemble, but also the tunnel lining can be easily removed by simply disassembling the inner mold.

[0027] 2. Multiple crack molds are set up, and the inner mold is composed of several inner mold blocks. When you need to cut a crack at any location on the inner sidewall of the tunnel lining, you only need to disassemble the inner mold block at that location and then select a nearby crack mold to cut the crack at the designated location. There is no need to remove the entire inner mold, which is not only more convenient but also can avoid deformation of the initial setting tunnel lining.

[0028] 3. The crack mold is installed at the lower end of the telescopic component through a telescopic ball and socket rod and a ball and socket tube, and the telescopic component can also be raised and lowered. Coupled with two sets of ball heads and ball sockets, the range of motion of the crack mold is very large, so it can meet various needs for quantitative production of cracks.

[0029] 4. A heating wire is installed in the crack mold, which can be powered by a built-in power supply or an external power supply. This allows the cracks in the tunnel lining to solidify quickly, preventing the initial setting concrete from collapsing and causing the cracks to deform or even close.

[0030] 5. The crack mold can be configured to be deformable, such as a flexible sleeve, and filled with a temperature-controlled filler that can transform between solid and liquid, such as wax. By heating and melting the wax, the crack mold can be deformed into the desired shape. When the groove is cut, the wax is cooled to solidify the crack mold, and the desired crack can be cut. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only for the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0032] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structural principle of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the crack mold part in the present invention.

[0034] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the immutable crack mold part of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of part A.

[0036] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the variable form crack mold in the present invention.

[0037] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the variable-form crack mold part of the present invention.

[0038] The following are marked in the figure:

[0039] 101. Outer mold, 102. Inner mold assembly block, 103. Connecting piece, 104. Track tripod, 105. Combined slide rail, 106. Electrical connector, 107. Base tube, 108. Intermediate tube, 109. Telescopic rod, 110. First ball head, 111. Ball and socket tube, 112. Ball and socket rod, 113. Connecting piece, 114. Crack mold, 115. Second ball head, 116. Wire, 117. Flexible cable, 118. Connecting socket, 119. First conductive rod, 120. Second conductive rod, 121. Heating wire, 122. Movable part, 123. Partition, 124. Outer spring, 125. Third conductive rod, 126. Conductive block, 127. Inner spring, 128. Flexible sleeve, 129. Metal sheet, 130. Filler, 131. Heating rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0041] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in the present invention should have the usual meanings understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which the present invention belongs. The "first", "second" and similar words used in the present invention do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. "Include" or "comprise" and similar words mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. "Connect" or "connected" and similar words are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the object being described changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0042] The first aspect of the present invention is as follows Figure 1 、 Figure 2 As shown, the mold for making tunnel linings according to the present invention is composed of an outer mold 101 and an inner mold. Concrete is poured between the outer mold 101 and the inner mold. After the concrete solidifies, the mold is opened and the tunnel lining is removed, completing the process. The outer mold 101 is integrally formed, while the inner mold is composed of several inner mold blocks 102. Specifically, the inner mold is composed of six inner mold blocks 102 of varying curvature. Adjacent inner mold blocks 102 are fixedly connected by connecting pieces 103. The inner mold and outer mold must be identical in shape and proportionally smaller.

[0043] The tunnel lining mold is formed by combining the outer mold 101 and the inner mold, wherein the inner mold is composed of a plurality of inner mold assembly blocks 102. Compared with the one-piece mold, it is not only convenient to assemble, but also the tunnel lining can be easily taken out by simply disassembling the inner mold.

[0044] In addition, the tunnel lining produced by the present invention also includes crack characteristics, and the cracks are produced by cutting the concrete tunnel lining in the initial setting state through the crack mold 114.

[0045] Specifically, a track tripod 104 is detachably connected to the outer mold 101. A combined slide rail 105 is fixedly connected to the track tripod 104. The combined slide rail 105 is located directly above the outer mold 101 and the inner mold. The combined slide rail 105 includes several slide rails of different curvatures, each of which is slidably connected to a telescopic assembly. The telescopic assembly includes a base tube 107, an intermediate tube 108, and a telescopic rod 109. The base tube 107 is slidably connected to the lower end of the combined slide rail 105, while the upper end of the intermediate tube 108 is located within the base tube 107 and slidably connected thereto. The upper end of the telescopic rod 109 is located within the intermediate tube 108 and slidably connected thereto. The lower end of the telescopic rod 109 is also fixedly connected to a first ball head 110.

[0046] The first ball head 110 is movably connected to a socket tube 111, the other end of the socket tube 111 is movably connected to a socket rod 112, and the other end of the socket rod 112 is movably connected to a crack mold 114. A socket is provided at the connection between the socket tube 111 and the first ball head 110, one end of the socket rod 112 is located in the socket tube 111 and is telescopically and slidably connected thereto, and the other end of the socket rod 112 is also provided with a socket, and the crack mold 114 is fixedly connected to the connecting piece 113, and the other side of the connecting piece 113 is fixedly connected to a second ball head 115, and this second ball head 115 is movably connected to the socket of the socket rod 112.

[0047] By setting up multiple crack molds 114 and cooperating with the inner mold composed of several inner mold assembly blocks 102, when it is necessary to cut a crack at any position on the inner wall of the tunnel lining, it is only necessary to disassemble the inner mold assembly block 102 at that position, and then select the crack mold 114 nearby to cut a crack at the designated position. There is no need to remove the entire inner mold, which is not only more convenient but also can avoid deformation of the initial setting tunnel lining. The crack mold 114 is installed at the lower end of the telescopic assembly through a telescopic ball rod 112 and a ball socket tube 111, and the telescopic assembly can also be raised and lowered. In addition, the two sets of ball heads and ball sockets make the range of motion of the crack mold 114 very large, so it can meet various needs for quantitative production of cracks.

[0048] Another aspect of the present invention, as Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, to prevent the initial setting concrete from collapsing due to gravity when creating cracks on the vertical surface of the tunnel lining, which could cause the cracks to deform or even close, a heating wire 121 is installed within the crack mold 114 to heat the mold 114. When the crack mold 114 creates a crack in the initial setting tunnel lining, the heating wire 121 heats the mold 114. The high temperature causes the crack in the tunnel lining to solidify rapidly, preventing the initial setting concrete from collapsing, which could cause the cracks to deform or even close.

[0049] There are two ways to power the heating wire 121. One is to install a storage power source in the telescopic assembly to power the heating wire 121. Another method is to install an electrical connector 106 on the combined slide 105, which is connected to an external power source to power the heating wire 121. When using the electrical connector 106 on the combined slide 105 for power, the electrical connector 106 is electrically connected to the groove at the bottom of the combined slide 105 that connects to the base tube 107. The upper end of the wire 116 in the telescopic assembly extends into this groove, where it remains in contact and slidably connected. If the storage power source is installed in the telescopic assembly, the upper end of the wire 116 only needs to be connected to the storage power source.

[0050] The lower end of the wire 116 is located in the first ball head 110, and the lower end of the wire 116 is connected to the power-carrying component between the first ball head 110 and the ball socket tube 111 via a flexible cable 117. The power-carrying component is further connected to the first conductive rod 119 via the flexible cable 117. The first conductive rod 119 is connected to the power-carrying component between the second ball head 115 and the ball socket rod 112. The power-carrying component is further connected to the second conductive rod 120 via the flexible cable 117. The second conductive rod 120 is connected to the heating wire 121.

[0051] The electrical components between the first ball head 110 and the socket tube 111 include a connecting socket 118 and a movable member 122. The connecting socket 118 is fixedly connected to the socket of the socket tube 111, and the movable member 122 passes through the ball wall of the first ball head 110 and is slidably connected thereto. A conductive block 126 is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the movable member 122. The conductive block 126 is slidably connected to the connecting socket 118. A third conductive rod 125 is fixedly connected to the conductive block 126. The other end of the third conductive rod 125 passes through the movable member 122 and is connected to the flexible cable 117. An inner spring 127 is further provided in the movable member 122. The inner spring 127 is located between the conductive block 126 and the movable member 122. In addition, an outer spring 124 is further connected to the outside of the movable member 122. The other end of the outer spring 124 is connected to the partition 123. The partition 123 is fixedly connected to the first ball head 110.

[0052] The structure of the electrical connection assembly between the second ball head 115 and the socket rod 112 is identical to that between the first ball head 110 and the socket tube 111. The outer spring 124 primarily ensures that the movable member 122 is always pressed against the connection socket 118, while the inner spring 127 ensures that the conductive block 126 in the movable member 122 is always in contact with the connection socket 118, ensuring stable electrical connection.

[0053] Preferably, the base tube 107, the intermediate tube 108, the telescopic rod 109, the first ball head 110, the socket tube 111, the socket rod 112, the connector 113, the crack mold 114 and the second ball head 115 are all made of insulating materials to avoid leakage, short circuit and the like, and the above-mentioned conductive connecting components are all located in these insulating products to prevent workers from accidentally getting electric shock.

[0054] In particular, the device is equipped with necessary sensors, for example, the sensors can be installed on the track tripod 104 or the combined slide rail 105. Through these sensors and in conjunction with processing chips, the crack formation process and the physical reaction of the model are recorded, and then the data is analyzed through software to provide more scientific basis for tunnel design.

[0055] The entire device and tunnel lining molds are manufactured in a dedicated production workshop. During production, various environmental conditions, such as temperature and humidity, are simulated in the workshop to test how cracks behave under different conditions. Specifically, the crack mold 114 is tested in both heated and unheated operating modes to determine the differences in crack behavior and final state. This data is then recorded for future process and equipment improvements.

[0056] In addition, the crack mold 114 can also be configured as a deformable flexible sleeve 128, with several metal sheets 129 attached to the outer surface of the flexible sleeve 128, and the flexible sleeve 128 is filled with a filler 130 that can be controlled by temperature to transform between solid and liquid. The heating component is a heating rod 131, which is located inside the flexible sleeve 128 and is fixedly connected to the connector 113.

[0057] Specific operation methods:

[0058] First, after the inner mold is assembled, concrete is poured between the outer mold 101 and the inner mold. After the concrete has initially set, the inner mold assembly block 102 at the corresponding position is disassembled according to the location where the crack is to be opened;

[0059] Then, the telescopic assembly at the corresponding position is selected and lowered to the appropriate position. The ball-and-socket cylinder 111 is rotated to make the crack mold 114 perpendicular to the inner wall of the tunnel lining. The ball-and-socket rod 112 is then pulled out to insert the crack mold 114 into the initially set tunnel lining.

[0060] Then, the ball-and-socket cylinder 111 is rotated so that the crack mold 114 creates a crack on the initially set tunnel lining. Simultaneously, the heating wire 121 is activated to heat the crack mold 114, causing the crack on the tunnel lining to solidify quickly, thereby preventing the initially set concrete from collapsing and causing the crack to deform or even close.

[0061] Then, the crack mold 114 is lowered by one position through the telescopic assembly, and the above operation is repeated to make a second crack, until all the cracks are made;

[0062] Finally, after the cracked tunnel lining is completely solidified, the combined slide rail 105 and the telescopic assembly thereon are removed first, and then the inner mold is removed, and finally the cracked tunnel lining is taken out.

[0063] In summary, the present invention combines an outer mold 101 and an inner mold to form a tunnel lining mold, wherein the inner mold is composed of several inner mold assembly blocks 102, and multiple crack molds 114 are provided. When it is necessary to cut a crack at any position on the inner side wall of the tunnel lining by combining the inner mold assembly blocks 102, it is only necessary to disassemble the inner mold assembly block 102 at that position, and then select the nearby crack mold 114 to cut the crack at the designated position. There is no need to remove the entire inner mold, which is not only more convenient but also can avoid deformation of the initial setting tunnel lining. The crack mold 114 is installed at the lower end of the telescopic assembly via a telescopic ball and socket rod 112 and a ball and socket cylinder 111. The telescopic assembly can also be raised and lowered. In addition, the two sets of ball heads and ball sockets make the range of motion of the crack mold 114 very large, so it can meet various needs for quantitative crack production. A heating wire 121 is provided in the crack mold 114, and the heating wire 121 can be powered by a built-in power supply or an external power supply. This allows cracks in the tunnel lining to solidify quickly, preventing the initial setting concrete from collapsing and causing the cracks to deform or even close.

[0064] Those skilled in the art should understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is merely illustrative and is not intended to imply that the scope of the present invention, including the claims, is limited to these examples. Within the scope of the present invention, the technical features in the above embodiments or different embodiments may be combined, the steps may be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the present invention as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of simplicity.

[0065] The present invention is intended to cover all such substitutions, modifications and variations that fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for manufacturing a tunnel lining model with crack characteristics, comprising an outer mold (101) and an inner mold composed of a plurality of inner mold assembly blocks (102), wherein the outer mold (101) and the inner mold are combined into a tunnel lining mold, characterized in that: The tunnel lining model also includes: A combined slide rail (105) is located above the outer mold (101), wherein the lower end of the combined slide rail (105) is slidably connected to a plurality of telescopic components, and the lower end of each telescopic component is fixedly connected to a first ball head (110); The telescopic assembly comprises a base tube (107), an intermediate tube (108) and a telescopic rod (109), wherein the base tube (107) is slidably connected to the lower end of the combined slide rail (105), the upper end of the intermediate tube (108) is located in the base tube (107) and is slidably connected thereto, the upper end of the telescopic rod (109) is located in the intermediate tube (108) and is slidably connected thereto, and the first ball head (110) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the telescopic rod (109); A ball socket tube (111) movably connected to the first ball head (110), the other end of the ball socket tube (111) being movably connected to a ball socket rod (112), and the other end of the ball socket rod (112) being movably connected to a crack mold (114) for making cracks on the inner wall of the tunnel lining; A socket is provided at the connection between the socket tube (111) and the first ball head (110); one end of the socket rod (112) is located in the socket tube (111) and is telescopically and slidably connected thereto; and the other end of the socket rod (112) is also provided with a socket; the crack mold (114) is fixedly connected to the connecting member (113); a second ball head (115) is fixedly connected to the other side of the connecting member (113); and the second ball head (115) is movably connected to the socket of the socket rod (112); The combined slide rail (105) is fixedly connected to the track tripod (104), and the track tripod (104) is detachably connected to the outer mold (101). The combined slide rail (105) includes a plurality of slide rails with different curvatures, and a telescopic component is slidably connected below each slide rail. The inner mold is composed of six inner mold combination blocks (102) with different curvatures. Adjacent inner mold combination blocks (102) are fixedly connected by connecting pieces (103). The inner mold and the outer mold have the same shape and are proportionally reduced. A heating component is provided in the crack mold (114) for heating the crack mold (114).

2. The device for making a tunnel lining model with crack characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that: An energy storage power supply is provided in the telescopic component for supplying power to the heating component. An electrical connector (106) is provided on the combined slide rail (105). The electrical connector (106) can be connected to an external power supply to supply power to the heating component.

3. The device for making a tunnel lining model with crack characteristics according to claim 2, characterized in that: The telescopic assembly is provided with a wire (116) connected to a power supply. The wire (116) is connected to a power supply assembly between the first ball head (110) and the ball socket tube (111) via a flexible cable (117). The power supply assembly is connected to a first conductive rod (119) via the flexible cable (117). The first conductive rod (119) is connected to a power supply assembly between the second ball head (115) and the ball socket rod (112). The power supply assembly is connected to a second conductive rod (120) via the flexible cable (117). The second conductive rod (120) is connected to a heating assembly.

4. The device for making a tunnel lining model with crack characteristics according to claim 3, characterized in that: The power supply assembly between the first ball head (110) and the ball socket tube (111) includes a connecting socket (118) and a movable member (122), wherein the connecting socket (118) is fixedly connected to the ball socket of the ball socket tube (111), and the movable member (122) passes through the ball wall of the first ball head (110) and is slidably connected thereto, and a conductive block (126) is slidably connected in the inner cavity of the movable member (122), and the conductive block (126) is slidably connected to the connecting socket (118), and a third conductive block (126) is fixedly connected to the conductive block (126). An electric pole (125), the other end of the third conductive rod (125) passes through the movable member (122) and is connected to the flexible cable (117), and an inner spring (127) is provided in the movable member (122), the inner spring (127) is located between the conductive block (126) and the movable member (122), and an outer spring (124) is connected to the outside of the movable member (122), the other end of the outer spring (124) is connected to the partition (123), and the partition (123) is fixedly connected to the first ball head (110); The structure of the power supply assembly between the second ball head (115) and the ball socket rod (112) is the same as the structure of the power supply assembly between the first ball head (110) and the ball socket cylinder (111).

5. The device for making a tunnel lining model with crack characteristics according to claim 4, characterized in that: The crack mold (114) is a fixed part that does not deform, and the heating component is a heating wire (121), which is fixedly installed inside the crack mold (114).

6. The device for making a tunnel lining model with crack characteristics according to claim 5, characterized in that: The crack mold (114) is a deformable flexible sleeve (128), a plurality of metal sheets (129) are attached to the outer surface of the flexible sleeve (128), and the flexible sleeve (128) is filled with a filler (130) that can be transformed between solid and liquid under temperature control. The heating component is a heating rod (131), the heating rod (131) is located inside the flexible sleeve (128), and the heating rod (131) is fixedly connected to the connecting piece (113).

7. The method for manufacturing a device for manufacturing a tunnel lining model with crack characteristics according to claim 5, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: After assembling the inner mold, pour concrete between the outer mold (101) and the inner mold. After the concrete has initially set, disassemble the inner mold assembly block (102) at the corresponding position according to the position where the crack is to be opened; Step 2: Select the telescopic assembly at the corresponding position, lower it to a suitable position, rotate the ball-and-socket cylinder (111) so that the crack mold (114) is perpendicular to the inner wall of the tunnel lining, and then pull out the ball-and-socket rod (112) so that the crack mold (114) is inserted into the initially set tunnel lining; Step 3: rotating the ball-and-socket cylinder (111) so that the crack mold (114) cuts a crack on the initially set tunnel lining, and simultaneously starting the heating wire (121) to heat the crack mold (114) so ​​that the crack on the tunnel lining solidifies quickly, thereby preventing the initially set concrete from collapsing and causing the crack to deform or even close; Step 4: lower the crack mold (114) by one position through the telescopic assembly, and repeat the above operation to create a second crack until all cracks are created; Step 5: After the cracked tunnel lining is completely solidified, the combined slide rail (105) and the telescopic assembly thereon are first removed, the inner mold is removed, and finally the cracked tunnel lining is taken out.

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