High wear-resistant waste tire rubber powder-based friction layer, preparation method thereof and application thereof in friction nanogenerator

Abstract

The application discloses a high-wear-resistance waste tire rubber powder-based friction layer, a preparation method thereof and application of the high-wear-resistance waste tire rubber powder-based friction layer in a friction nanogenerator, and belongs to the technical field of friction nanogeneration.The application aims to solve the technical problems of low comprehensive utilization rate of waste tires and low power generation performance of a high-molecular polymer-based friction layer.The high-wear-resistance waste tire rubber powder-based friction layer is prepared by using waste tire rubber powder, wood fibers and basalt fibers as raw materials, and is used in the friction nanogenerator, so that the power generation effect is greatly improved, and the wear resistance and mechanical properties of the friction layer are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of triboelectric nanogenerator technology, specifically relating to a highly wear-resistant waste tire rubber powder-based friction layer, its preparation method, and its application in triboelectric nanogenerators. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of intelligent transportation systems, people's demands for safety and convenience are increasing, leading to a significant increase in the accuracy requirements of sensors. Simultaneously, the number of sensor nodes required by the system is also surging. Although wireless transmission technology effectively reduces wiring complexity and allows sensor signals to be smoothly delivered to the terminal, the power supply of sensor nodes still relies on traditional power sources, which have limited lifespans and are difficult to replace and maintain. In recent years, triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs), based on the principles of triboelectric charging and electrostatic induction, have emerged as a promising solution. They can convert mechanical energy into electrical energy, providing a more intelligent and environmentally friendly solution for the long-term monitoring of transportation infrastructure such as asphalt pavements.

[0003] Currently, polymeric materials, with their unique functional groups and physicochemical properties, dominate the triboelectric layer materials for triboelectric generators (TENGs), such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), and polyethylene terephthalate (PET). However, the insufficient wear resistance of these polymers limits the application potential of TENGs in long-term energy harvesting and monitoring. Therefore, developing highly wear-resistant triboelectric layer materials has become a core challenge in promoting the high-quality development of triboelectric power generation technology. On the other hand, the issue of waste tire rubber has become a global focus, and solving the problem of waste tire rubber treatment and achieving its comprehensive utilization also faces challenges. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the technical problems of low comprehensive utilization rate of waste tire rubber and low power generation performance of polymer-based friction layers, and to provide a high wear-resistant waste tire rubber powder-based friction layer, its preparation method, and its application in triboelectric nanogenerators.

[0005] One objective of this invention is to provide a method for preparing a high-wear-resistant waste tire rubber powder-based friction layer, the method comprising the following steps:

[0006] Step 1: Add waste tire rubber powder and initiator to deionized water, heat to a certain temperature while stirring, and then add aqueous solution of hydroxylated monomer dropwise to carry out grafting reaction. After the reaction is completed, filter and vacuum dry, extract with acetone as extractant, filter again after extraction and vacuum dry to obtain hydroxylated grafted waste tire rubber powder.

[0007] Step 2: Dissolve the hydroxylated grafted waste tire rubber powder in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), then add wood fiber, stir magnetically for a certain time at a certain temperature, filter and vacuum dry the solid product to obtain hydroxylated rubber powder / wood fiber, then add fluorination reagent dropwise, heat in a vacuum drying oven to fluorinate, and obtain fluorinated rubber powder.

[0008] Step 3: Dissolve the fluorinated rubber powder in DMF, then add silane coupling agent, titanium dioxide (TiO2) and basalt fiber powder, and stir magnetically for a certain time at a certain temperature to obtain a uniform rubber powder-basalt fiber composite solution. Then place it in a mold, remove bubbles under vacuum conditions and solidify it into a film to obtain a high wear-resistant waste tire rubber powder-based friction layer.

[0009] Further specifying, the initiator in step 1 is potassium persulfate, ammonium persulfate, or benzoyl peroxide.

[0010] Further specifying, the hydroxylated monomer in step 1 is hydroxyethyl acrylate, hydroxyethyl methacrylate, or hydroxypropyl methacrylate.

[0011] Further specifying, in step 1, the mass ratio of initiator, hydroxylated monomer and waste tire rubber powder is (10-20):(10-20):100.

[0012] Further specifying, the grafting reaction temperature in step 1 is 80-100℃, and the time is 1-4h.

[0013] Further specifying, in step 2, the wood fiber is 20-40 wt% of hydroxylated grafted waste tire rubber powder.

[0014] Further specifying, in step 2, the mixture is magnetically stirred at 400-600 rpm for 2-4 hours at 50-70℃.

[0015] Further specifying, the fluorinating agent in step 2 includes perfluorooctylethyltriethoxysilane (PFOTES).

[0016] Further specifying, the fluorination temperature in step 2 is 90-110℃, and the time is 2-4h.

[0017] Further specifying, the contents of fluorinated rubber powder, silane coupling agent, titanium dioxide (TiO2), and basalt fiber powder in the rubber powder-basalt fiber composite solution in step 3 are 10-20wt%, 1-2wt%, 1-2wt%, and 1-2wt%, respectively.

[0018] Further specifying, the silane coupling agent in step 3 includes 3-thiopropylmethoxysilane.

[0019] Further specifying, in step 3, the mixture is magnetically stirred at 400-600 rpm for 2-4 hours at 50-70℃.

[0020] Further specifying, the curing temperature in step 3 is 60-80℃, and the time is 12-24h.

[0021] The second objective of this invention is to provide a high wear-resistant waste tire rubber powder-based friction layer obtained by the above method.

[0022] The third objective of this invention is to provide an application of a high wear-resistant waste tire rubber powder-based friction layer obtained by the above method in a triboelectric nanogenerator.

[0023] The fourth objective of this invention is to provide a triboelectric nanogenerator, wherein the negative electrode of the triboelectric nanogenerator comprises the aforementioned high wear-resistant waste tire rubber powder-based friction layer, and the positive electrode comprises a PA film.

[0024] The fifth objective of this invention is to provide a method for preparing a triboelectric nanogenerator, the method comprising the following steps:

[0025] S1. The above-mentioned high wear-resistant waste tire rubber powder-based friction layer film is attached to the copper electrode, and then the other side of the copper electrode is attached to the acrylic plate to prepare a negative electrode.

[0026] S2: The PA film is attached to the copper electrode, and then the other side of the copper electrode is attached to the acrylic plate to prepare the positive electrode;

[0027] S3: Connect the four corners of the two acrylic plates with springs to obtain a rubber powder / PA triboelectric nanogenerator.

[0028] The significant advantages of this invention compared to existing technologies are:

[0029] This invention utilizes waste tire rubber powder, wood fiber, and basalt fiber as raw materials to prepare a highly wear-resistant waste tire rubber powder-based friction layer for use in triboelectric nanogenerators. This not only significantly improves power generation efficiency but also substantially enhances the wear resistance and mechanical properties of the friction layer, providing theoretical support for the application of waste tire rubber powder in micro-nano energy for road transportation infrastructure. By introducing wood fiber, the lignin in the wood fiber increases the fluorination degree of the rubber powder, further improving power generation performance. Furthermore, the cellulose in the wood fiber, acting as the main supporting structure of the fiber cell walls, is insoluble in DMF solution and, together with the basalt fiber, provides reinforcement and wear resistance. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a triboelectric nanogenerator configuration;

[0031] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the positive and negative friction layers;

[0032] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the connection of the triboelectric nanogenerator testing system;

[0033] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the motion module;

[0034] In the attached diagram, the components represented by each number are as follows:

[0035] 1-Acrylic plate A, 2-Conductive copper electrode A, 3-Negative friction layer, 4-Acrylic plate B, 5-Conductive copper electrode B, 6-Positive friction layer, 7-Support spring, 8-Base plate, 9-Integrated drive and control stepper motor, 10-Motion module, 11-Motor, 12-Stator, 13-Power supply, 14-Computer, 15-Acquisition module, 16-Electrometer, 17-Motion module. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0037] Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods used in the following examples are conventional methods. Unless otherwise specified, the materials, reagents, methods, and instruments used are all conventional materials, reagents, methods, and instruments in the art, and can be obtained commercially by those skilled in the art.

[0038] The terms “comprising,” “including,” “having,” “containing,” or any other variations thereof, as used in the following embodiments, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a composition, step, method, article, or apparatus that includes the listed elements is not necessarily limited to those elements, but may include other elements not expressly listed or elements inherent to such a composition, step, method, article, or apparatus.

[0039] In this invention, "an embodiment" or "embodiment" refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single or selective embodiment that excludes other embodiments.

[0040] The endpoints and any values ​​of the ranges disclosed in this invention are not limited to the precise ranges or values, and these ranges or values ​​should be understood to include values ​​close to these ranges or values. For numerical ranges, the endpoint values ​​of the various ranges, the endpoint values ​​of the various ranges and individual point values, and individual point values ​​can be combined with each other to obtain one or more new numerical ranges, which should be considered as specifically disclosed herein.

[0041] Example 1: The preparation method of the high wear-resistant waste tire rubber powder-based friction layer in this example is carried out according to the following steps:

[0042] Step 1: Clean and dry the waste tire rubber powder (Shijiazhuang Jinli Mining Co., Ltd.) with deionized water and acetone respectively. Repeat the cleaning and drying operation 3 times to remove oil, dust and old adhesive residue from the waste tire rubber powder. Screen the cleaned waste tire rubber powder to ensure that the mesh size is 200 mesh.

[0043] In a three-necked flask equipped with a condenser, mechanical stirrer, and thermometer, 25g of waste tire rubber powder and 100g of deionized water were added, along with 5g of potassium persulfate. The mixture was stirred until homogeneous and heated to 80°C. 5g of hydroxyethyl acrylate dissolved in 50mL of deionized water was added dropwise to the three-necked flask over 1 hour for a reaction time of 4 hours. After the reaction was complete, the mixture was filtered and dried under vacuum at 0.1MPa and 40°C to obtain a crude grafted product. The crude grafted product was extracted with acetone for 24 hours, then filtered, and the filter was dried to constant weight under vacuum at 0.1MPa and 40°C to obtain hydroxylated grafted waste tire rubber powder.

[0044] Step 2: Weigh 25g of hydroxylated grafted waste tire rubber powder and 10g of wood fiber (Wen'an County Xinbao Cellulose Co., Ltd.) and dissolve them in 65g of DMF solution. After mixing, place the mixture in a magnetic stirrer and stir magnetically at 500rpm for 3h at 60℃ to obtain rubber powder / wood fiber solution. Dry it to constant weight under vacuum of 0.1MPa and 40℃ to obtain hydroxylated rubber powder / wood fiber.

[0045] 10g of PFOTES reagent was added dropwise to hydroxylated gum powder / wood fiber, and the mixture was heated for 3h under vacuum of 0.1MPa and 100℃ to obtain fluorinated gum powder.

[0046] Step 3: Dissolve 20g of fluorinated rubber powder in 74g of DMF solution. After mixing, place the mixture in a magnetic stirrer and stir at 500rpm for 6 hours at 60℃ to obtain a rubber powder / DMF solution. Add 2g of 3-thiopropylmethoxysilane, 2g of TiO2 powder, and 2g of 500-mesh basalt fiber powder (Taian Haoda New Materials Co., Ltd.) to the rubber powder / DMF solution. Continue stirring in a magnetic stirrer at 500rpm for 5 hours at 60℃ to obtain a homogeneous rubber powder-basalt fiber composite solution. Finally, place the rubber powder-basalt fiber composite solution in a 3D-printed mold, place it in a vacuum oven to remove air bubbles (vacuum degree 0.1MPa), and cure at 70℃ for 24 hours to obtain a 100μm thick high-wear-resistant waste tire rubber powder-based film (e.g., Figure 2 (As shown).

[0047] Application Example 1: Combining Figure 1The preparation method of the triboelectric nanogenerator includes the following steps:

[0048] First, the high wear-resistant waste tire rubber powder-based film and PA film of Example 1 are cut into 2cm*2cm pieces;

[0049] Secondly, a high wear-resistant waste tire rubber powder-based film is pasted onto a conductive copper electrode, and then the other side of the copper electrode is pasted onto an acrylic plate to prepare a negative electrode.

[0050] Then, the PA film is attached to the conductive copper electrode, and the other side of the copper electrode is attached to the acrylic plate to prepare the positive electrode;

[0051] Finally, the two acrylic plates were connected at the four corners with springs to obtain a rubber powder / PA triboelectric nanogenerator.

[0052] Combination Figure 3-4 A self-built triboelectric nanogenerator testing system was used to test the triboelectric nanogenerator. During the test, the positive electrode was attached to the vertical plate of the stator 12 in the motion module 17, and the negative electrode was attached to the vertical plate of the mover 11 in the motion module 17. The Keithley 6517B electrometer 16, motion module 17, and acquisition module 15 were controlled, and the current and voltage signals obtained by the test were sampled at high frequency using a high-speed signal acquisition card.

[0053] The triboelectric nanogenerator in Application Example 1 maintains stable output characteristics after 20,000 excitations at 10 Hz, with a peak output voltage of 280 V.

[0054] Example 2: The preparation method of the high wear-resistant waste tire rubber powder-based friction layer in this example is carried out according to the following steps:

[0055] Step 1: Clean and dry the waste tire rubber powder (Shijiazhuang Jinli Mining Co., Ltd.) with deionized water and acetone respectively. Repeat the cleaning and drying operation 3 times to remove oil, dust and old adhesive residue from the waste tire rubber powder. Screen the cleaned waste tire rubber powder to ensure that the mesh size is 200 mesh.

[0056] In a three-necked flask equipped with a condenser, mechanical stirrer, and thermometer, 25g of waste tire rubber powder and 100g of deionized water were added, along with 5g of potassium persulfate. The mixture was stirred until homogeneous and heated to 80°C. 5g of hydroxyethyl acrylate dissolved in 50mL of deionized water was added dropwise to the three-necked flask over 1 hour for a reaction time of 4 hours. After the reaction was complete, the mixture was filtered and dried under vacuum at 0.1MPa and 40°C to obtain a crude grafted product. The crude grafted product was extracted with acetone for 24 hours, then filtered, and the filter was dried to constant weight under vacuum at 0.1MPa and 40°C to obtain hydroxylated grafted waste tire rubber powder.

[0057] Step 2: Weigh 25g of hydroxylated grafted waste tire rubber powder and 10g of wood fiber (Wen'an County Xinbao Cellulose Co., Ltd.) and dissolve them in 65g of DMF solution. After mixing, place the mixture in a magnetic stirrer and stir magnetically at 500rpm for 3h at 60℃ to obtain rubber powder / wood fiber solution. Dry it to constant weight under vacuum of 0.1MPa and 40℃ to obtain hydroxylated rubber powder / wood fiber.

[0058] 10g of PFOTES reagent was added dropwise to hydroxylated gum powder / wood fiber, and the mixture was heated for 3h under vacuum of 0.1MPa and 100℃ to obtain fluorinated gum powder.

[0059] Step 3: Dissolve 10g of fluorinated rubber powder in 87g of DMF solution. After mixing, place the mixture in a magnetic stirrer and stir at 500rpm for 6 hours at 60℃ to obtain a rubber powder / DMF solution. Add 1g of 3-thiopropylmethoxysilane, 1g of TiO2 powder, and 1g of 500-mesh basalt fiber powder (Taian Haoda New Materials Co., Ltd.) to the rubber powder / DMF solution. Continue stirring in a magnetic stirrer at 500rpm for 5 hours at 60℃ to obtain a homogeneous rubber powder-basalt fiber composite solution. Finally, place the rubber powder-basalt fiber composite solution in a 3D-printed mold, place it in a vacuum oven to remove air bubbles (vacuum degree 0.1MPa), and cure at 70℃ for 24 hours to obtain a 100μm thick high-wear-resistant waste tire rubber powder-based film (e.g., Figure 2 (As shown).

[0060] Application Example 2: Combining Figure 1 The preparation method of the triboelectric nanogenerator includes the following steps:

[0061] First, the high wear-resistant waste tire rubber powder-based film and PA film of Example 2 were cut into 2cm*2cm pieces;

[0062] Secondly, a high wear-resistant waste tire rubber powder-based film is pasted onto a conductive copper electrode, and then the other side of the copper electrode is pasted onto an acrylic plate to prepare a negative electrode.

[0063] Then, the PA film is attached to the conductive copper electrode, and the other side of the copper electrode is attached to the acrylic plate to prepare the positive electrode;

[0064] Finally, the two acrylic plates were connected at the four corners with springs to obtain a rubber powder / PA triboelectric nanogenerator.

[0065] The electrical output performance was tested using the same method as in Application Example 1. The triboelectric nanogenerator in Application Example 2 maintained stable output characteristics after 18,000 excitation cycles at 10 Hz, with a peak output voltage of 220V.

[0066] Comparative Example 1: The preparation method of the pure PTFE film in this embodiment is carried out according to the following steps:

[0067] Weigh 20g of PTFE powder and dissolve it in 80g of THF solution. After mixing thoroughly, place the solution in a magnetic stirrer and stir magnetically at 500rpm for 3 hours at 60℃ to obtain a PTFE-THF solution. Place the PTFE-THF solution in a 3D-printed mold, put it in a vacuum oven to remove air bubbles, and cure it at 70℃ for 24 hours to obtain a 100μm thick pure PTFE film (e.g., ...). Figure 2 (As shown).

[0068] Comparative application example 1: Combining Figure 1 The preparation method of the triboelectric nanogenerator includes the following steps:

[0069] First, the pure PTFE film and PA film of Comparative Example 1 were cut into 2cm*2cm pieces;

[0070] Next, a pure PTFE film is attached to a conductive copper electrode, and the other side of the copper electrode is attached to an acrylic plate to prepare a negative electrode.

[0071] Then, the PA film is attached to the conductive copper electrode, and the other side of the copper electrode is attached to the acrylic plate to prepare the positive electrode;

[0072] Finally, the two acrylic plates were connected at the four corners with springs to obtain a PTFE / PA triboelectric nanogenerator.

[0073] The electrical output performance was tested using the same method as in Application Example 1. The maximum open-circuit voltage and mechanical properties of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 were tested. The output characteristics of the triboelectric nanogenerator in Application Example 1 decreased after 15,000 excitation cycles at 10 Hz, and its peak output voltage was 195V.

[0074] Comparative Example 2: The preparation method of the waste tire rubber powder-based film in this embodiment is carried out according to the following steps:

[0075] Step 1: Clean and dry the waste tire rubber powder (Shijiazhuang Jinli Mining Co., Ltd.) with deionized water and acetone respectively. Repeat the cleaning and drying operation 3 times to remove oil, dust and old adhesive residue from the waste tire rubber powder. Screen the cleaned waste tire rubber powder to ensure that the mesh size is 200 mesh.

[0076] In a three-necked flask equipped with a condenser, mechanical stirrer, and thermometer, 25g of waste tire rubber powder and 100g of deionized water were added, along with 5g of potassium persulfate. The mixture was stirred until homogeneous and heated to 80°C. 5g of hydroxyethyl acrylate dissolved in 50mL of deionized water was added dropwise to the three-necked flask over 1 hour for a reaction time of 4 hours. After the reaction was complete, the mixture was filtered and dried under vacuum at 0.1MPa and 40°C to obtain a crude grafted product. The crude grafted product was extracted with acetone for 24 hours, then filtered, and the filter was dried to constant weight under vacuum at 0.1MPa and 40°C to obtain hydroxylated grafted waste tire rubber powder.

[0077] Step 2: Add 10g of PFOTES reagent to the hydroxylated gum powder / wood fiber, and heat for 3h under vacuum of 0.1MPa and 100℃ to obtain fluorinated gum powder.

[0078] Step 3: Dissolve 20g of fluorinated rubber powder in 74g of DMF solution. After mixing, place the mixture in a magnetic stirrer and stir at 500rpm for 6 hours at 60℃ to obtain a rubber powder / DMF solution. Add 2g of 3-thiopropylmethoxysilane, 2g of TiO2 powder, and 2g of 500-mesh basalt fiber powder (Taian Haoda New Materials Co., Ltd.) to the rubber powder / DMF solution. Continue stirring in a magnetic stirrer at 500rpm for 5 hours at 60℃ to obtain a homogeneous rubber powder-basalt fiber composite solution. Finally, place the rubber powder-basalt fiber composite solution in a 3D-printed mold, place it in a vacuum oven to remove air bubbles (vacuum degree 0.1MPa), and cure at 70℃ for 24 hours to obtain a 100μm thick waste tire rubber powder-based film (e.g., Figure 2 (As shown).

[0079] Comparative application example 2: Combining Figure 1 The preparation method of the triboelectric nanogenerator includes the following steps:

[0080] First, the waste tire rubber powder-based film and PA film of Comparative Example 2 were cut into 2cm*2cm pieces;

[0081] Secondly, the waste tire rubber powder-based film is pasted onto the conductive copper electrode, and then the other side of the copper electrode is pasted onto the acrylic plate to prepare a negative electrode;

[0082] Then, the PA film is attached to the conductive copper electrode, and the other side of the copper electrode is attached to the acrylic plate to prepare the positive electrode;

[0083] Finally, the two acrylic plates were connected at the four corners with springs to obtain a rubber powder / PA triboelectric nanogenerator.

[0084] The electrical output performance was tested using the same method as in Application Example 1. The maximum open-circuit voltage and mechanical properties of Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 were tested. The output characteristics of the triboelectric nanogenerator in Application Example 2 decreased after 18,000 excitation cycles at 10 Hz, and its peak output voltage was 226 V.

[0085] The reason for the above phenomenon is that no wood fiber was added in Comparative Example 2, while wood fiber was added in Step 2 of Example 1. The lignin in the wood fiber is soluble in DMF solution, and in addition to hydroxylating the waste tire rubber powder, the lignin makes the rubber powder more fluorinated. Therefore, the power generation performance of Example 1 is better than that of Comparative Example 2. In addition, the cellulose in the wood fiber, as a component of the microfiber, plays a major supporting role as the network skeleton of the fiber cell wall. It is insoluble in DMF solution and works together with the basalt fiber to play a role in reinforcement and wear resistance. Therefore, the output characteristics of the triboelectric nanogenerator in Comparative Example 2 began to decay after 18,000 excitations, and its mechanical properties decreased compared to Example 1.

[0086] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. These specific embodiments are different implementations based on the overall concept of the present invention, and the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a high wear-resistant waste tire rubber powder-based friction layer, characterized in that, The method described: Step 1: Add waste tire rubber powder and initiator to deionized water, heat to a certain temperature while stirring, and then add aqueous solution of hydroxylated monomer dropwise to carry out grafting reaction. After the reaction is completed, filter and vacuum dry, extract with acetone as extractant, filter again after extraction and vacuum dry to obtain hydroxylated grafted waste tire rubber powder. Step 2: Dissolve the hydroxylated grafted waste tire rubber powder in DMF, then add wood fiber, stir magnetically for a certain time at a certain temperature, filter and vacuum dry the solid product to obtain hydroxylated rubber powder / wood fiber, then add fluorination reagent, heat in a vacuum drying oven to fluorinate, and obtain fluorinated rubber powder. Step 3: Dissolve fluorinated rubber powder in DMF, then add silane coupling agent, TiO2 and basalt fiber powder, and magnetically stir for a certain time at a certain temperature to obtain a uniform rubber powder-basalt fiber composite solution. Then place it in a mold, remove bubbles under vacuum conditions and solidify it into a film to obtain a high wear-resistant waste tire rubber powder-based friction layer. The contents of fluorinated rubber powder, silane coupling agent, TiO2 and basalt fiber powder in the rubber powder-basalt fiber composite solution are 10-20wt%, 1-2wt%, 1-2wt% and 1-2wt%, respectively.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 1, the initiator is potassium persulfate, ammonium persulfate, or benzoyl peroxide, and the hydroxylating monomer is hydroxyethyl acrylate, hydroxyethyl methacrylate, or hydroxypropyl methacrylate. The mass ratio of initiator, hydroxylating monomer, and waste tire rubber powder is (10-20):(10-20):

100.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 1, the grafting reaction temperature is 80-100℃ and the time is 1-4h.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 2, the wood fiber is 20-40 wt% of hydroxylated grafted waste tire rubber powder, and it is magnetically stirred at 400-600 rpm for 2-4 hours at 50-70℃. The fluorination reagent includes PFOTES, and the fluorination temperature is 90-110℃ for 2-4 hours.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The silane coupling agent described in step 3 includes 3-thiopropylmethoxysilane.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 3, the mixture is magnetically stirred at 400-600 rpm for 2-4 hours at 50-70℃, and the curing temperature is 60-80℃ for 12-24 hours.

7. The high wear-resistant waste tire rubber powder-based friction layer obtained by the method according to any one of claims 1-6.

8. The application of the high wear-resistant waste tire rubber powder-based friction layer as described in claim 7 in a triboelectric nanogenerator.

9. A triboelectric nanogenerator, characterized in that, The negative electrode of the triboelectric nanogenerator comprises the high wear-resistant waste tire rubber powder-based friction layer as described in claim 7, and the positive electrode comprises a PA film.

10. The method for preparing the triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 9, characterized in that, The method steps are as follows: S1. A high wear-resistant waste tire rubber powder-based friction layer film is attached to a copper electrode, and then the other side of the copper electrode is attached to an acrylic plate to prepare a negative electrode. S2: The PA film is attached to the copper electrode, and then the other side of the copper electrode is attached to the acrylic plate to prepare the positive electrode; S3: Connect the four corners of the two acrylic plates with springs to obtain a rubber powder / PA triboelectric nanogenerator.

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