A wireless and passive monitoring system for attitude of a dangerous rock mass of a slope

Abstract

The embodiment of the application discloses a kind of slope dangerous rock mass posture wireless passive monitoring systems, comprising: sensor module, for collecting the state data of slope dangerous rock mass;Gateway module, for remote data interaction with cloud platform;Master module, for the state data of the sensor module collected is handled and decision-making, control the operation of the gateway module;Storage module, for the state data of the sensor module collected is stored;Power module, for the sensor module, the gateway module and the master module are powered and managed.The application can long-term monitor dangerous rock mass posture change, the posture angle of monitoring target is calculated in real time, accurate alarm judgment is made when disaster.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of infrastructure monitoring in mountainous areas, and in particular to a wireless passive monitoring system for the posture of dangerous rock masses on slopes. Background Art

[0002] Complex and harsh geological and climatic conditions, including frequent earthquakes, severe cold, strong winds and heavy snow, thin air, and intense solar radiation, make railway slope stability and safety management a pressing issue. Due to factors such as shallow freeze-thaw cycles, frequent earthquakes, and permafrost degradation, railway slopes are prone to dangerous rock mass instability, seriously threatening their safety and becoming a key obstacle to project construction and operation. Therefore, slope stability monitoring has become an effective means of preventing and controlling slope instability.

[0003] However, existing monitoring technologies have disadvantages in complex mountainous environments, such as unstable and unreliable performance, high power consumption, short life, easy damage, and inconvenient installation. They are difficult to directly apply to the long-term monitoring and alarm of the posture of dangerous rock masses on mountain slopes. Although monitoring technology based on optical analysis is widely used, problems such as high unit price of equipment, high cost of use, and high maintenance cost still exist. Satellite positioning monitoring technology is limited by the weather environment and the number of ground base stations, and its accuracy cannot be guaranteed. Surface displacement sensors are suitable for surface monitoring of stable structures, but cannot be used for long-term monitoring of dangerous rock masses. Array-type deep displacement monitoring technology has high use and equipment costs for high and steep slopes, and is only used in extremely important areas.

[0004] In recent years, monitoring technology based on gravitational acceleration and attitude conversion has matured. Single-point inclinometers perform well in typical environments and are particularly well-suited for high-density, large-scale deployments of irregular, dangerous rock masses. However, attitude monitoring of dangerous rock masses on mountainous railway slopes places higher demands on sensor accuracy, networking, power supply, and long-term reliability. Existing monitoring systems often utilize solar energy combined with external data collection systems, but this approach is complex to install and has high maintenance costs, making it difficult to adapt to mountainous field environments. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a wireless passive monitoring system for the posture of dangerous rock masses on slopes, which can monitor the posture changes of structures over a long period of time, calculate the posture angle of the monitored target in real time, and make accurate alarm judgments when disasters occur.

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a wireless passive monitoring system for dangerous rock mass posture on a slope, comprising:

[0007] The sensor module is used to collect status data of dangerous rock masses on slopes.

[0008] Gateway module, used for remote data interaction with the cloud platform.

[0009] The main control module is used to process and make decisions on the status data collected by the sensor module and control the operation of the gateway module.

[0010] The storage module is used to store the status data collected by the sensor module.

[0011] A power supply module is used to supply and manage power to the sensor module, the gateway module and the main control module.

[0012] In combination with the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein the sensor module includes:

[0013] The three-axis acceleration sensor is used to detect the acceleration changes of dangerous rock masses on the slope and determine their posture and motion state.

[0014] Geomagnetic sensors are used to detect changes in the geomagnetic field and provide information about the environment around dangerous rock masses on slopes.

[0015] In combination with the first aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides a second possible implementation of the first aspect, wherein:

[0016] The three-axis acceleration sensor reads the acceleration value once every sampling period T1.

[0017] If the acceleration value read is greater than 0, it is determined that the state of the dangerous rock mass on the slope is moving, and the sampling period is adjusted to T2.

[0018] When the read acceleration value returns to 0, it is determined that the state of the dangerous rock mass on the slope is stationary, and the angular offset of the dangerous rock mass on the slope is calculated.

[0019] If the angle offset exceeds the threshold, the system enters an alarm state and continues to collect the acceleration value at the sampling period T2, calculate the angle offset and upload it to the cloud platform until the number of warnings exceeds the threshold or the power is exhausted.

[0020] The technical effect lies in that: by reading the acceleration value every 30 seconds, the state of the dangerous rock mass of the slope is judged as dynamic or static according to the read value, real-time dynamic monitoring is realized, the motion state change of the dangerous rock mass of the slope is timely reflected, and the activity of the slope is discovered as early as possible. When the acceleration value returns to 0, the system judges that the dangerous rock mass of the slope is in a static state, and the angle offset of the slope is calculated. By monitoring and analyzing the angle offset of the slope, it can be judged whether the slope has abnormal conditions such as inclination or displacement, so that corresponding protection measures can be taken in time. When the angle offset exceeds the threshold, the system enters an alarm state, and continuously collects acceleration values at a sampling period of 2 seconds, calculates the angle offset and uploads it to the cloud platform, which helps to timely discover the abnormal state of the slope and warn relevant personnel in advance, take timely and effective measures to protect the safety of the surrounding environment, and reduce the occurrence of disaster accidents. According to the state change of the dangerous rock mass of the slope, the system can automatically adjust the sampling period, thereby realizing the optimization of energy consumption. In the static state, the sampling period is 30 seconds, which can reduce energy consumption and prolong the battery life of the system. In the dynamic state, the sampling period is shortened to 2 seconds, which improves the data collection frequency and accuracy. This energy consumption optimization design helps the system to run stably for a long time and provides continuous monitoring services for the dangerous rock mass of the slope.

[0021] In combination with the first aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a third possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein the sensor module further comprises:

[0022] The ball switch unit is used for real-time detection of the posture of the dangerous rock mass of the slope. Once the ball switch unit is triggered, the posture of the dangerous rock mass of the slope is abnormal, and the alarm state is entered.

[0023] The technical effect lies in that: by the combined use of the ball switch unit and the three-axis acceleration sensor, multi-dimensional monitoring of the posture of the dangerous rock mass of the slope can be realized. The three-axis acceleration sensor is used for detecting acceleration changes and providing posture information; the ball switch unit is used for real-time detection of posture abnormalities. By comprehensively analyzing the data of the two, the posture state of the slope can be more comprehensively understood, and the accuracy and reliability of the slope monitoring can be improved.

[0024] In combination with the first aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a fourth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein

[0025] The ball switch unit comprises a first ball switch and a second ball switch.

[0026] The first ball switch and the second ball switch both adopt a 45° inclination mode.

[0027] The first ball switch forms a 60° angle with the circuit board of the system. When the installation angle of the circuit board of the system forms an angle of 0° to 30° with the horizontal plane, the first ball switch is enabled.

[0028] The second ball switch is at an angle of 30° relative to the system circuit board. When the installation angle of the system circuit board is at an angle of 60° to 90° with the horizontal plane, the second ball switch is activated.

[0029] When the circuit board installation angle of the system is 30° to 60° with the horizontal plane, the first ball switch and the second ball switch are activated at the same time.

[0030] Its technical effect is that according to the angle setting between the ball switch and the system circuit board, posture detection in multiple installation angle ranges can be achieved to meet the monitoring needs of different slope inclination angles.

[0031] In combination with the first aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides a fifth possible implementation of the first aspect, wherein:

[0032] The ball switch status is read in real time. When the first ball switch and / or the second ball switch is triggered, the switch abnormality alarm state is entered, and the sampling period of the three-axis acceleration sensor is adjusted to T2.

[0033] When the read acceleration value returns to 0, it is determined that the state of the dangerous rock mass on the slope is stationary, and the angular offset of the dangerous rock mass on the slope is calculated.

[0034] If the angle offset exceeds the threshold, the system enters an alarm state and continues to collect the acceleration value at the sampling period T2, calculate the angle offset and upload it to the cloud platform until the number of warnings exceeds the threshold or the power is exhausted.

[0035] Its technical effect is: by reading the ball switch status in real time, when the first ball switch and / or the second ball switch is triggered, the system enters the switch abnormal alarm state, and can timely detect abnormal posture conditions of dangerous rock bodies on the slope, such as slope inclination, displacement, etc.

[0036] In combination with the first aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides a sixth possible implementation of the first aspect, wherein:

[0037] The geomagnetic sensor is a three-axis geomagnetic sensor including an X-axis sensor element, a Y-axis sensor element and a Z-axis sensor element, which are used to measure the geomagnetic field in the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions respectively.

[0038] The X-axis sensor element, the Y-axis sensor element, and the Z-axis sensor element all use Hall elements to measure the geomagnetic field.

[0039] Each of the Hall elements is connected to the main control module.

[0040] With reference to the first aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a seventh possible implementation manner of the first aspect, and the gateway module comprises:

[0041] 4G unit, the 4G unit comprising a 4G chip and a 4G antenna.

[0042] GPRS unit, the GPRS unit comprising a GPRS chip and a GPRS antenna.

[0043] LoRa unit, the LoRa unit comprising a LoRa chip and a LoRa antenna.

[0044] Bluetooth unit, the Bluetooth unit comprising a Bluetooth chip and a Bluetooth antenna.

[0045] With reference to the first aspect, embodiments of the present application provide an eighth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, and the master control module adopts a single-chip microcomputer master control chip.

[0046] The storage module adopts an SPI Flash storage chip.

[0047] With reference to the first aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a ninth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, and the power module comprises:

[0048] Battery, as an energy source, adopts a rechargeable battery.

[0049] Power management unit, for charging management, battery protection and power distribution.

[0050] The second aspect, embodiments of the present application also provide a kind of slope dangerous rock mass posture wireless passive monitoring method, wherein, including:

[0051] Collecting the state data of slope dangerous rock mass.

[0052] Remote data interaction with cloud platform.

[0053] The state data collected by the sensor module is processed and decided, and the operation of the gateway module is controlled.

[0054] The state data collected by the sensor module is stored.

[0055] The sensor module, the gateway module and the master control module are powered and managed.

[0056] With reference to the second aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a first possible implementation manner of the second aspect, and the method comprises:

[0057] The acceleration change of slope dangerous rock mass is detected by triaxial acceleration sensor, and its posture and motion state are judged.

[0058] The geomagnetic sensor detects the changes in the geomagnetic field and provides information about the environment around the dangerous rock mass on the slope.

[0059] The posture of the dangerous rock mass on the slope is detected in real time through the ball switch unit. Once the ball switch unit is triggered, the posture of the dangerous rock mass on the slope is abnormal and enters an alarm state.

[0060] In combination with the second aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides a second possible implementation of the second aspect, wherein:

[0061] The three-axis acceleration sensor reads the acceleration value once every sampling period T1.

[0062] If the acceleration value read is greater than 0, it is determined that the state of the dangerous rock mass on the slope is moving, and the sampling period is adjusted to T2.

[0063] When the read acceleration value returns to 0, it is determined that the state of the dangerous rock mass on the slope is stationary, and the angular offset of the dangerous rock mass on the slope is calculated.

[0064] If the angle offset exceeds the threshold, the system enters an alarm state and continues to collect the acceleration value at the sampling period T2, calculate the angle offset and upload it until the number of warnings exceeds the threshold or the power is exhausted.

[0065] In combination with the second aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides a third possible implementation of the second aspect, wherein:

[0066] The ball switch unit includes a first ball switch and a second ball switch.

[0067] The first roller switch and the second roller switch both adopt a 45° tilt mode.

[0068] The first ball switch is at an angle of 60° relative to the system circuit board. When the installation angle of the system circuit board is at an angle of 0° to 30° with the horizontal plane, the first ball switch is activated.

[0069] The second ball switch is at an angle of 30° relative to the system circuit board. When the installation angle of the system circuit board is at an angle of 60° to 90° with the horizontal plane, the second ball switch is activated.

[0070] When the circuit board installation angle of the system is 30° to 60° with the horizontal plane, the first ball switch and the second ball switch are activated at the same time.

[0071] In combination with the second aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides a fourth possible implementation of the second aspect, wherein:

[0072] Real-time read the ball switch state, when the first ball switch and / or the second ball switch triggers, enter the switch abnormal alarm state, and adjust the sampling period of the three-axis acceleration sensor to T2.

[0073] When the acceleration value is read back to 0, it is judged that the state of the slope dangerous rock mass is static, and the angle offset of the slope dangerous rock mass is calculated.

[0074] If the angle offset exceeds the threshold, an alarm state is entered, and the acceleration value is continuously collected at the sampling period T2, the angle offset is calculated and uploaded until the pre-alarm number exceeds the threshold or the power consumption is complete.

[0075] The beneficial effects of the embodiment of the application are:

[0076] The application provides a slope dangerous rock mass posture wireless passive monitoring system, which detects the acceleration change of the slope dangerous rock mass by using a three-axis acceleration sensor, and monitors the change of the geomagnetic field by using a geomagnetic sensor, so that the posture information of the slope dangerous rock mass can be obtained in real time, and the motion state and the angle offset of the slope dangerous rock mass can be identified in time.

[0077] The application realizes remote data interaction between the gateway module and the cloud platform, uploads the state data collected by the sensor module to the cloud platform, and processes and decides the collected data by the master control module, so that the state change of the slope dangerous rock mass can be monitored in real time, and alarm and pre-alarm can be performed according to the preset threshold, thereby timely measures can be taken to prevent dangerous events from occurring.

[0078] The application adopts the ball switch unit to detect the posture of the slope dangerous rock mass, and can realize detection in different angle ranges by different ball switch combinations, so that the installation angle and the posture change of different slope dangerous rock masses can be adapted, and the flexibility and accuracy of monitoring can be improved.

[0079] The application supplies and manages the sensor module, the gateway module and the master control module by the power supply module, adopts a rechargeable battery as an energy source, and the power management unit can perform charging management, battery protection and power distribution, so that the service life of the system can be effectively prolonged and the stability can be improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0080] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments, and it should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the application, and should not be regarded as a limitation to the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can also be obtained without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.

[0081] Figure 1This is a schematic structural diagram of the wireless passive monitoring system for dangerous rock mass posture on slopes according to the present invention;

[0082] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the working logic of the sensor module of the wireless passive monitoring system for dangerous rock mass posture on slopes of the present invention;

[0083] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the hardware structure framework of the wireless passive monitoring system for dangerous rock mass posture on slopes of the present invention;

[0084] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the gateway module and sensor module of the wireless passive monitoring system for the posture of dangerous rock masses on slopes of the present invention.

[0085] In the figure: 1-gateway module; 2-sensor module; 3-dangerous rock mass. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0086] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0087] Please refer to Figures 1 to 4 The first embodiment of the present invention provides a wireless passive monitoring system for the posture of dangerous rock masses on slopes, which includes: a sensor module for collecting status data of dangerous rock masses on slopes; a gateway module for remote data interaction with a cloud platform; a main control module for processing and making decisions on the status data collected by the sensor module and controlling the operation of the gateway module; a storage module for storing the status data collected by the sensor module; and a power supply module for supplying and managing power to the sensor module, the gateway module, and the main control module.

[0088] The sensor module includes: a three-axis acceleration sensor for detecting the acceleration changes of the slope dangerous rock mass and judging its posture and motion state; a geomagnetic sensor for detecting the changes of the geomagnetic field and providing information about the surrounding environment of the slope dangerous rock mass.

[0089] Specifically, the gateway module and sensor module installation structure of the wireless passive monitoring system for dangerous rock mass posture on slopes of the present invention are as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the sensor modules 2 are respectively installed on the corresponding dangerous rock bodies 3, and the gateway module 1 is connected to each of the sensor modules 2.

[0090] Specifically, the triaxial accelerometer uses a MEMS sensor. Traditional monitoring solutions for slope rock mass posture monitoring emphasize posture accuracy and incorporate multiple sensors for multi-dimensional analysis. In some situations, such as geological disaster monitoring, response speed is often more important than accuracy. Therefore, achieving a balance between low power consumption and high accuracy while improving response speed becomes a key issue.

[0091] MEMS sensors offer excellent accuracy and stability, but their power consumption prevents them from being left on for extended periods. The acquisition cycle often needs to be set to tens of seconds or minutes. Furthermore, MEMS sensors can only calculate angles with static, stable data. For example, if a target slowly changes and exceeds a threshold, dynamic data is ineffective for calculating attitude angles. Therefore, when a geological disaster strikes and the monitoring system experiences severe vibrations, falls, or rolls, it is unable to respond and issue an alarm in a timely manner, nor can it accurately determine whether the current state exceeds the threshold. Therefore, by deploying a ball switch unit on the sensor for auxiliary activation, the sensor device is normally in a dormant state, collecting data when in motion, minimizing battery consumption.

[0092] Among them, such as Figure 2 As shown, the three-axis acceleration sensor reads the acceleration value once every sampling period T1, where T1 is 30 seconds; if the acceleration value read is greater than 0, the state of the dangerous rock mass on the slope is judged to be dynamic, and the sampling period is adjusted to T2, where T2 is 2 seconds; when the acceleration value read returns to 0, the state of the dangerous rock mass on the slope is judged to be static, and the angular offset of the dangerous rock mass on the slope is calculated; if the angular offset exceeds the threshold, the alarm state is entered, and the acceleration value is continued to be collected with the sampling period T2, the angular offset is calculated and uploaded to the cloud platform until the number of warnings exceeds the threshold or the power is exhausted.

[0093] Its technical effect is: by reading the acceleration value every 30 seconds, the state of the dangerous rock mass on the slope is judged to be dynamic or static based on the read value, thus realizing real-time dynamic monitoring, timely reflecting the changes in the motion state of the dangerous rock mass on the slope, and discovering the activity of the slope as early as possible. When the acceleration value returns to 0, the system determines that the dangerous rock mass on the slope is in a static state and calculates the angular offset of the slope. By monitoring and analyzing the angular offset of the slope, it can be determined whether there are abnormal conditions such as tilt or displacement on the slope, so that corresponding protective measures can be taken in time. When the angular offset exceeds the threshold, the system enters the alarm state and continues to collect acceleration values ​​with a sampling period of 2 seconds, calculates the angular offset and uploads it to the cloud platform. This helps to detect abnormal conditions of the slope in a timely manner, and warns relevant personnel in advance, so that timely and effective measures can be taken to protect the safety of the surrounding environment and reduce the occurrence of disasters. According to the state changes of the dangerous rock mass on the slope, the system can automatically adjust the sampling period to optimize energy consumption. In the static state, the sampling period is 30 seconds, which can reduce energy consumption and extend the battery life of the system. In the dynamic state, the sampling period is shortened to 2 seconds, which improves the frequency and accuracy of data collection. This energy-optimized design helps the system to operate stably for a long time and provide continuous monitoring services for dangerous rock masses on the slope.

[0094] The sensor module further includes a ball switch unit for detecting the posture of the dangerous rock mass on the slope in real time. Once the ball switch unit is triggered, the posture of the dangerous rock mass on the slope is abnormal and enters an alarm state.

[0095] The technical benefit is that the combined use of a ball switch unit and a triaxial accelerometer enables multi-dimensional monitoring of the posture of dangerous rock masses on slopes. The triaxial accelerometer detects acceleration changes and provides posture information, while the ball switch unit detects posture anomalies in real time. Combining these two data provides a more comprehensive understanding of the slope's posture, improving the accuracy and reliability of slope monitoring.

[0096] In which, the ball switch unit includes a first ball switch and a second ball switch; the first ball switch and the second ball switch both adopt a 45° tilt mode; the first ball switch is at a 60° angle relative to the system's circuit board, and when the system's circuit board installation angle is at a 0° to 30° angle to the horizontal plane, the first ball switch is activated; the second ball switch is at a 30° angle relative to the system's circuit board, and when the system's circuit board installation angle is at a 60° to 90° angle to the horizontal plane, the second ball switch is activated; when the system's circuit board installation angle is at a 30° to 60° angle to the horizontal plane, the first ball switch and the second ball switch are activated at the same time.

[0097] The circuit board of the system integrates components such as the main control module, sensor module, gateway module, storage module, power module, etc., and provides circuits and interfaces for connecting and supporting these components.

[0098] Its technical effect is that according to the angle setting between the ball switch and the system circuit board, posture detection in multiple installation angle ranges can be achieved to meet the monitoring needs of different slope inclination angles.

[0099] Among them, such as Figure 2 As shown, the ball switch status is read in real time. When the first ball switch and / or the second ball switch is triggered, the switch abnormality alarm state is entered, and the sampling period of the three-axis acceleration sensor is adjusted to T2; when the read acceleration value returns to 0, the state of the slope dangerous rock mass is judged to be static, and the angular offset of the slope dangerous rock mass is calculated; if the angular offset exceeds the threshold, the alarm state is entered, and the acceleration value is continued to be collected with the sampling period T2, the angular offset is calculated and uploaded to the cloud platform until the number of warnings exceeds the threshold or the power is consumed.

[0100] Its technical effect is: by reading the ball switch status in real time, when the first ball switch and / or the second ball switch is triggered, the system enters the switch abnormal alarm state, and can timely detect abnormal posture conditions of dangerous rock bodies on the slope, such as slope inclination, displacement, etc.

[0101] Among them, the geomagnetic sensor adopts a three-axis geomagnetic sensor, including an X-axis sensor element, a Y-axis sensor element and a Z-axis sensor element, which are respectively used to measure the geomagnetic field in the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions; the X-axis sensor element, the Y-axis sensor element and the Z-axis sensor element all use Hall elements to measure the geomagnetic field; each of the Hall elements is connected to the main control module.

[0102] The gateway module includes: a 4G unit, which includes a 4G chip and a 4G antenna; a GPRS unit, which includes a GPRS chip and a GPRS antenna; a LoRa unit, which includes a LoRa chip and a LoRa antenna; and a Bluetooth unit, which includes a Bluetooth chip and a Bluetooth antenna.

[0103] Specifically, using LoRa technology as the wireless communication technology can not only achieve super-long distance transmission of several kilometers, but also has extremely low power consumption, short startup time, and millisecond-level warning information sending time. It realizes the unity of low power consumption and long distance, and expands the distance of traditional wireless radio frequency communication by 3-5 times. When the local wireless network is abnormal, such as network failure caused by gateway device abnormality, it can still actively switch to the 4G network and upload data by itself. The LoRa unit adopts a star-shaped networking mode, and routing relay nodes can be designed and added. The upper limit of the single-band network node capacity is 100, and the communication distance can reach 1 kilometer.

[0104] The main control module adopts a single-chip microcomputer main control chip.

[0105] The single-chip microcomputer main control chip is an integrated circuit chip that contains a central processing unit (CPU), memory (such as RAM and ROM), input / output interfaces, and other important components. It has the ability to process and execute program instructions, perform data processing, logical judgment, algorithm operation, and other operations.

[0106] Specifically, the single-chip microcomputer main control chip receives the slope dangerous rock mass state data collected by the sensor module, and processes and analyzes the data according to the preset algorithm and logic to extract useful information such as attitude angle and inclination degree. Through the control of the gateway module, data interaction with the cloud platform or other remote devices is realized, and the processed state data is transmitted to the remote terminal, realizing real-time monitoring and data transmission functions. It is also responsible for managing the working state of the entire system, including power supply control, timing control, and error handling of the sensor module and gateway module.

[0107] The storage module adopts an SPI Flash storage chip.

[0108] Specifically, SPI Flash is a non-volatile memory, meaning that even in the case of power failure or system restart, the data stored in it will not be lost. For the slope dangerous rock mass attitude monitoring system, it can ensure the persistence of the collected state data in the case of power failure or other abnormal conditions.

[0109] SPI Flash storage chips usually have large storage capacity and can store a large amount of state data. The specific capacity size can be selected according to system requirements to meet the data storage requirements.

[0110] SPI Flash communicates with the main control module through the SPI interface. The SPI interface is a serial communication interface that can perform high-speed data transmission in a short time. Through the SPI interface, the main control module can interact with the storage module, including writing and reading the collected slope dangerous rock mass state data.

[0111] Wherein, the power supply module includes: a battery, which is a rechargeable battery as an energy source.

[0112] Specifically, rechargeable batteries, such as lithium-ion batteries, have high energy density and long service life and can provide a stable power supply for the system.

[0113] Power management unit for charging management, battery protection and power distribution.

[0114] Specifically, the power management unit monitors the battery power level and controls the battery charging process as needed, properly charging the battery through the charging circuit to ensure that the battery is always in a sufficient power state when the system needs it.

[0115] The power management unit has a battery protection function, which is used to monitor battery parameters such as voltage, current and temperature to ensure that the battery operates within a safe range. When the battery voltage is too high or too low, the current is too large or the temperature is abnormal, the power management unit will take corresponding protection measures, such as cutting off the battery power supply or issuing an alarm.

[0116] The power management unit is responsible for distributing the power provided by the battery to various components such as the sensor module, gateway module and main control module, and adjusting the power consumption of different modules as needed to achieve optimized energy management and extend the system operation time.

[0117] A second embodiment of the present invention provides a wireless passive monitoring method for the posture of dangerous rock masses on slopes, which includes: collecting status data of dangerous rock masses on slopes; remotely interacting with a cloud platform for data; processing and making decisions on the status data collected by the sensor module, and controlling the operation of the gateway module; storing the status data collected by the sensor module; and supplying and managing power to the sensor module, the gateway module, and the main control module.

[0118] Among them, the acceleration changes of the dangerous rock mass on the slope are detected by a three-axis acceleration sensor to determine its posture and motion state; the changes in the geomagnetic field are detected by a geomagnetic sensor to provide information about the surrounding environment of the dangerous rock mass on the slope; the posture of the dangerous rock mass on the slope is detected in real time by a ball switch unit. Once the ball switch unit is triggered, the posture of the dangerous rock mass on the slope is abnormal and enters an alarm state.

[0119] Among them, the three-axis acceleration sensor reads the acceleration value once every sampling period of T1, where T1 is 30 seconds; if the acceleration value read is greater than 0, the state of the dangerous rock mass on the slope is judged to be dynamic, and the sampling period is adjusted to T2, where T2 is 2 seconds; when the acceleration value read returns to 0, the state of the dangerous rock mass on the slope is judged to be static, and the angular offset of the dangerous rock mass on the slope is calculated; if the angular offset exceeds the threshold, the alarm state is entered, and the acceleration value is continued to be collected with the sampling period T2, the angular offset is calculated and uploaded, until the number of warnings exceeds the threshold or the power is consumed.

[0120] In which, the ball switch unit includes a first ball switch and a second ball switch; the first ball switch and the second ball switch both adopt a 45° tilt mode; the first ball switch is at a 60° angle relative to the system's circuit board, and when the system's circuit board installation angle is at a 0° to 30° angle to the horizontal plane, the first ball switch is activated; the second ball switch is at a 30° angle relative to the system's circuit board, and when the system's circuit board installation angle is at a 60° to 90° angle to the horizontal plane, the second ball switch is activated; when the system's circuit board installation angle is at a 30° to 60° angle to the horizontal plane, the first ball switch and the second ball switch are activated at the same time.

[0121] Among them, the ball switch status is read in real time. When the first ball switch and / or the second ball switch is triggered, the switch abnormality alarm state is entered, and the sampling period of the three-axis acceleration sensor is adjusted to T2; when the read acceleration value returns to 0, the state of the dangerous rock mass on the slope is judged to be static, and the angular offset of the dangerous rock mass on the slope is calculated; if the angular offset exceeds the threshold, the alarm state is entered, and the acceleration value is continued to be collected with the sampling period T2, the angular offset is calculated and uploaded, until the number of warnings exceeds the threshold or the power is consumed.

[0122] The computer program product of the wireless passive monitoring system and method for the posture of dangerous rock masses on slopes provided in the embodiments of the present invention includes a computer-readable storage medium storing program code. The instructions included in the program code can be used to execute the method in the previous method embodiment. The specific implementation can be found in the method embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0123] Specifically, the storage medium can be a general storage medium, such as a mobile disk, a hard disk, etc. When the computer program on the storage medium is run, it can execute the above-mentioned wireless passive monitoring method for the posture of dangerous rock masses on the slope, thereby enabling long-term monitoring of the posture changes of the structure, real-time calculation of the posture angle of the monitoring target, and accurate alarm judgment when a disaster occurs.

[0124] If the functions are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium that is executable by a processor. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media that can store program codes, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

[0125] Finally, it should be noted that the above-described embodiments are only specific implementations of the present invention, which are used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above-described embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that any person skilled in the art can modify or easily conceive of changes to the technical solutions described in the above-described embodiments within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, or replace some of the technical features therein with equivalents. Such modifications, changes, or replacements do not deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A wireless passive monitoring system for dangerous rock mass posture on slopes, characterized by: include: Sensor module, used to collect status data of dangerous rock mass on slope; Gateway module, used for remote data interaction with the cloud platform; A main control module, used to process and make decisions based on the status data collected by the sensor module and control the operation of the gateway module; A storage module, used for storing the status data collected by the sensor module; A power module, used to supply and manage power to the sensor module, the gateway module, and the main control module; The sensor module includes: The three-axis acceleration sensor is used to detect the acceleration changes of the dangerous rock mass on the slope and determine its posture and motion state; Geomagnetic sensors are used to detect changes in the geomagnetic field and provide information about the environment surrounding the dangerous rock mass on the slope; The three-axis acceleration sensor reads the acceleration value once every sampling period T1; If the acceleration value read is greater than 0, the state of the dangerous rock mass on the slope is determined to be dynamic, and the sampling period is adjusted to T2; When the acceleration value read returns to 0, it is determined that the state of the dangerous rock mass on the slope is stationary, and the angular offset of the dangerous rock mass on the slope is calculated; If the angle offset exceeds the threshold, the system enters an alarm state and continues to collect the acceleration value at the sampling period T2, calculate the angle offset and upload it to the cloud platform until the number of warnings exceeds the threshold or the power is exhausted.

2. The wireless passive monitoring system for dangerous rock mass posture on slope according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The sensor module further includes: The ball switch unit is used to detect the posture of the dangerous rock mass on the slope in real time. Once the ball switch unit is triggered, the posture of the dangerous rock mass on the slope is abnormal and enters the alarm state.

3. The wireless passive monitoring system for dangerous rock mass posture on slope according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The ball switch unit includes a first ball switch and a second ball switch; The first ball switch and the second ball switch both adopt a 45° tilt mode; The first ball switch is at an angle of 60° relative to the system circuit board, and the first ball switch is activated when the system circuit board is installed at an angle of 0° to 30° with the horizontal plane; The second ball switch is at an angle of 30° relative to the system circuit board, and the second ball switch is activated when the system circuit board is installed at an angle of 60° to 90° to the horizontal plane; When the circuit board installation angle of the system is 30° to 60° with the horizontal plane, the first ball switch and the second ball switch are activated at the same time.

4. The wireless passive monitoring system for dangerous rock mass posture on slope according to claim 3 is characterized in that: Read the ball switch status in real time, and when the first ball switch and / or the second ball switch is triggered, enter a switch abnormality alarm state, and adjust the sampling period of the three-axis acceleration sensor to T2; When the acceleration value read returns to 0, it is determined that the state of the dangerous rock mass on the slope is stationary, and the angular offset of the dangerous rock mass on the slope is calculated; If the angle offset exceeds the threshold, the system enters an alarm state and continues to collect the acceleration value at the sampling period T2, calculate the angle offset and upload it to the cloud platform until the number of warnings exceeds the threshold or the power is exhausted.

5. The wireless passive monitoring system for dangerous rock mass posture on slope according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The geomagnetic sensor is a three-axis geomagnetic sensor, including an X-axis sensor element, a Y-axis sensor element, and a Z-axis sensor element, which are used to measure the geomagnetic field in the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis directions respectively; The X-axis sensor element, the Y-axis sensor element, and the Z-axis sensor element all use Hall elements to measure the Earth's magnetic field; Each of the Hall elements is connected to the main control module.

6. The wireless passive monitoring system for dangerous rock mass posture on slope according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The gateway module includes: A 4G unit, comprising a 4G chip and a 4G antenna; A GPRS unit, comprising a GPRS chip and a GPRS antenna; A LoRa unit, comprising a LoRa chip and a LoRa antenna; The Bluetooth unit includes a Bluetooth chip and a Bluetooth antenna.

7. The wireless passive monitoring system for dangerous rock mass posture on slope according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The main control module adopts a single-chip main control chip; The storage module adopts SPI Flash storage chip.

8. The wireless passive monitoring system for dangerous rock mass posture on slope according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The power module includes: Battery, as an energy source, adopts rechargeable battery; Power management unit for charging management, battery protection and power distribution.

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