Rock breaking experiment device and method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a rock breaking experiment device and a method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of hard rock breaking, and the rock breaking experiment device comprises a rock clamping and force measuring device which is used for clamping a rock block and adjusting the rock block to determine the cutting depth, and monitoring a three-way force in an experiment process; the hob linear cutting mechanism is arranged above the rock clamping and force measuring device, is connected to the movable end of the servo electric push cylinder and is used for cutting a rock block at multiple angles; the cutting speed and the cutting distance of the hob linear cutting mechanism are adjusted by adjusting the servo electric push cylinder; and the guide rail supporting mechanism is connected with the hob linear cutting mechanism in a sliding mode and provides supporting and moving guiding for the hob linear cutting mechanism. In the cutting process, the cutting speed, the cutting angle and the cutting depth of the hob can be adjusted according to experimental requirements or working condition requirements so as to simulate the cutting process under real working conditions, accurately record cutting mechanical data, and be used for analyzing the cutting performance, the rock breaking mechanism, the abrasion condition and the like of the hob.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of hard rock crushing, and in particular relates to a rock breaking experimental device and a method thereof, and specifically relates to a rock breaking experimental device for linear cutting with a roller cutter. Background Art

[0002] In the field of tunnel excavation and underground engineering, tunnel boring machines (TBMs) are core construction equipment and are widely used in tunnel construction under complex geological conditions. The key component of TBM is the cutter on the cutterhead, and its rock breaking performance directly determines the excavation efficiency and construction cost. Therefore, the design and selection of the cutter and its performance research under different geological conditions have become key topics in the field of engineering technology.

[0003] In order to better understand and optimize the linear cutting performance of the disc cutter, a large number of experimental studies must be carried out. However, the traditional rock breaking experimental device mainly simulates the single-point rock breaking process of the disc cutter. Although it can provide certain mechanical data, it is difficult to fully and accurately reproduce the linear cutting behavior of the disc cutter under actual working conditions. Especially under real working conditions, the interaction between the disc cutter and the rock is more complicated, and the stress state and rock breaking mechanism in the linear cutting process are significantly different from those of single-point crushing.

[0004] In order to solve this problem, a rock breaking experimental device for linear cutting with a roller cutter is urgently needed. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a rock breaking experimental device and method thereof. The device can adjust the cutting speed, cutting depth and cutting angle of the roller cutter, can achieve precise control of the roller cutter movement during the rock breaking process, and synchronously collect mechanical data, thereby using the rock breaking mechanics experimental device to study the load dynamic characteristics of the roller cutter when cutting rock.

[0006] A rock breaking experimental device comprises a rock clamping and force measuring device for clamping a rock block (24) and adjusting the rock block (24) to determine the cutting depth, while monitoring three-dimensional forces during the experiment;

[0007] The roller cutter linear cutting mechanism is arranged above the rock clamping and force measuring device and connected to the movable end of the servo electric push cylinder (10) to cut the rock block (24) at multiple angles; the cutting speed and cutting distance of the roller cutter linear cutting mechanism are adjusted by adjusting the servo electric push cylinder (10);

[0008] The guide rail support mechanism is slidably connected to the roller cutter linear cutting mechanism to provide support and movement guidance for the roller cutter linear cutting mechanism.

[0009] The rock clamping and force measuring device comprises a rock clamp, a three-axis force sensor (29) and a lifting mechanism which are connected in sequence from top to bottom. The bottom of the rock clamp is connected to the three-axis force sensor (29) via a connecting plate (28), and the lifting mechanism is connected to a working base plate (18). A long slot is provided on the working base plate (18), and the length direction of the long slot is perpendicular to the extension and contraction direction of the servo electric push cylinder (10). A clamp base (34) is fixed on the long slot to facilitate left-right adjustment of the working position of the rock clamping and force measuring device.

[0010] The rock clamp comprises a rock bin (27), wherein the three inner side surfaces of the rock bin (27) are provided with a left rock baffle (23), a right rock baffle (26) and a rear rock baffle (25), and a fastening bolt passes through the side wall of the rock bin (27) from the outer side and abuts against the side surfaces of the left rock baffle (23) and / or the right rock baffle (26) and the rear rock baffle (25); the connecting plate (28) is connected to the bottom plate of the rock bin (27), and at the same time, the connecting plate (28) is connected to the top of the three-axis force sensor.

[0011] The lifting mechanism comprises an upper wedge block (35), a lower wedge block (33) and a clamp base (34) which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom, and the contact surface between the upper wedge block (35) and the lower wedge block (33) is an inclined surface; a threaded push rod (32) and a long bolt (31) are arranged on the side surface of the lower wedge block (33), and the long bolt (31) passes through the threaded hole on the right side plate (30) from the outside and abuts against the side surface of the lower wedge block (33); the threaded push rod (32) is located between the two long bolts (31), passes through the through hole on the right side plate (30) from the outside and is screwed into the lower wedge block (33), and the threaded push rod (32) pushes the lower wedge block (33) to move horizontally, driving the upper wedge block (35) to slide up and down, thereby realizing lifting;

[0012] An adjusting bolt (36) is arranged on the side of the upper wedge block (35). The adjusting bolt (36) passes through the outer side of the left plate (37) and is screwed into the threaded hole of the upper wedge block (35). The left plate (37) is provided with a strip hole corresponding to the adjusting bolt (36) so that the adjusting bolt (36) can be tightened to fix the upper wedge block (35) after the upper wedge block (35) moves up and down.

[0013] The guide rail support mechanism comprises a front optical axis support seat (21), a rear optical axis support seat (7) and an optical axis (2) connected therebetween, wherein the axial direction of the optical axis (2) is parallel to the telescopic direction of the servo electric push cylinder (10); the optical axis (2) is respectively inserted into the holes of the front optical axis support seat (21) and the rear optical axis support seat (7) to ensure its parallelism and position; both ends of the optical axis (2) are provided with external threads, and are connected and fixed to the front optical axis support seat (21) and the rear optical axis support seat (7) by a large nut (1) to prevent the axial or radial movement of the optical axis.

[0014] The roller cutter linear cutting mechanism is slidably connected to the optical axis (2), and comprises a front support connecting frame (3), a rear support connecting frame (6) and a tool holder (8) connected therebetween, and the roller cutter is arranged on the tool holder (8); the front support connecting frame (3) and the rear support connecting frame (6) are slidably connected to the optical axis (2), and the rear support connecting frame (6) is connected to the movable end of the servo electric push cylinder (10) through an extension block (9).

[0015] The roller cutter linear cutting mechanism is connected to the optical axis (2) via a short optical axis sleeve (4) and a long optical axis sleeve (5); the short optical axis sleeve (4), the long optical axis sleeve (5) are fastened to a front support connecting frame (3) and a rear support connecting frame (6), thereby ensuring the stability of the roller cutter linear cutting mechanism during movement.

[0016] The hob comprises a central axis (39) and a hob cutter disc (40) arranged in the middle of the central axis (39), and the axial direction of the central axis (39) is perpendicular to the optical axis (2); the hob cutter disc (40) is connected to the central axis (39) through a tapered roller bearing (41), and both ends of the tapered roller bearing (41) are sealed by end covers (42), and the two tapered roller bearings (41) and the end covers (42) at their ends are symmetrically arranged relative to the middle of the central axis (39).

[0017] The tool holder (8) comprises two connecting plates arranged opposite to each other and a fixing plate fixed therebetween, the roller cutter is connected to the fixing plate, and the tool holder is welded as a whole; the two connecting plates are respectively connected to the front support connecting frame (3) and the rear support connecting frame (6), and arc grooves are provided on the front support connecting frame (3) and the rear support connecting frame (6) along the circumferential direction, so that the tool holder (8) can rotate within the range of the arc grooves to achieve the change of the angle of the tool holder (8).

[0018] A method for performing a rock breaking experiment using a rock breaking experimental device, using the above-mentioned rock breaking experimental device, is as follows:

[0019] S1: Fastening the rock block (24): placing the rock block (24) in the rock bin (27) of the rock clamping and force measuring device, and fastening the fastening bolts;

[0020] S2: Zeroing the device: adjust the working position of the rock block (24) left and right and fix it, start the servo electric push cylinder (10) and the lifting mechanism, and adjust the rock block (24) up and down to make it contact with the hob cutter disc (40) of the hob;

[0021] S3: Determine and adjust the cutting depth: according to the experimental requirements for the cutting depth, adjust the lifting mechanism and tighten it;

[0022] S4: Linear cutting: start the servo electric push cylinder (10) to perform linear cutting;

[0023] During the experiment, the cutting angle of the roller cutter is adjusted by rotating the cutter holder (8), and the advancing speed and cutting distance of the roller cutter are adjusted by adjusting the servo electric push cylinder (10); the cutting position or route of the roller cutter on the rock is changed by adjusting the left and right positions of the rock clamping and force measuring device;

[0024] During the entire experiment, the three-axis force sensor (29) detects the mechanical data of the hob cutting process in real time.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0026] The present invention uses the precise displacement control and speed adjustment of the servo electric push cylinder to push the disc cutter to cut the rock block. During the cutting process, the cutting speed, cutting angle and cutting depth of the cutter can be adjusted according to the experimental requirements or working conditions to simulate the cutting process under real working conditions. At the same time, during the experiment, the three-axis force sensor can measure the various forces exerted on the cutter during the cutting process in real time and accurately record the cutting mechanical data. These data can be used to analyze the cutting performance, rock breaking mechanism and wear of the cutter. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a rock breaking experimental device provided by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the rock clamping and force measuring device in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the rock clamping and force measuring device in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 An exploded view of the rock clamping and force measuring device of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 An exploded view of the linear cutting mechanism of the hob in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 An exploded view of the hob in the present invention;

[0033] in,

[0034] 1-large nut, 2-optical axis, 3-front support connecting frame, 4-short optical axis sleeve, 5-long optical axis sleeve, 6-rear support connecting frame, 7-rear optical axis support seat, 8-tool holder, 9-extension block, 10-servo electric push cylinder, 11-electric push cylinder base plate, 12-rear support base, 13-Foma wheel, 14-middle support frame, 15-long support base, 16-small triangular bracket, 17-large triangular bracket, 18-working base plate, 19-support plate, 20-short support base, 21-front optical axis support seat, 22- Side fastening bolts, 23-left rock baffle, 24-rock block, 25-rear rock baffle, 26-right rock baffle, 27-rock bin, 28-connecting plate, 29-three-way force sensor, 30-right side plate, 31-long bolt, 32-threaded push rod, 33-lower wedge block, 34-clamp base, 35-upper wedge block, 36-adjusting bolt, 37-left side plate, 38-rear fastening bolt, 39-center shaft, 40-hob cutter disc, 41-tapered roller bearing, 42-end cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to better explain the present invention and facilitate understanding, the technical solutions and effects of the present invention are described in detail below through specific implementation modes in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0036] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] It should be noted that all directional indications in the embodiments of the present invention, such as (up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components in a certain specific posture as shown in the accompanying drawings. If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0038] Since the cutting efficiency and life of the disc cutter are affected by many factors, such as the material, geometry, cutting speed, cutting angle and cutting depth of the disc cutter, the rock breaking experimental device used for linear cutting of the disc cutter must have the following characteristics: it can study the influence of different disc cutter cutting factors on the disc cutter cutting performance, and is equipped with a high-precision control system and data acquisition system.

[0039] Based on this, the present application provides a rock breaking experimental device, such as Figure 1-Figure 6As shown, it includes a base plate assembly for supporting, and the base plate assembly includes a connected working base plate 18 and an electric push cylinder base plate 11, and the upper part is used for supporting. The working base plate 18 and the electric push cylinder base plate 11 are fastened by support frames above and below the working base plate 18 to ensure the stability of the structure. Among them, two large triangular brackets 17 and an intermediate support frame 14 between the two are arranged above the working base plate 18, which are fixed by bolts and nuts, and four small triangular brackets 16 are arranged below the working base plate 18.

[0040] The bottom of the base plate assembly is supported by a support mechanism, which includes a first support base arranged at the front and rear of the bottom of the working base plate 18 and a second support base arranged at the bottom of the electric push cylinder base plate 11, which provide stable support for the base plate assembly. The first support base includes a short support base 20 arranged at the front end of the working base plate 18, located at the two front corners of the working base plate 18. The second support base includes a long support base 15 and a rear support base 12, the long support base 15 is arranged close to the working base plate 18, and the rear support base 12 is arranged close to the rear end of the electric push cylinder base plate 11. The two short support bases 20, the two long support bases 15 and the rear support base 12 are symmetrically distributed relative to the base plate assembly. A Foma wheel 13 is provided at the bottom of the support mechanism, and the movement of the entire device is achieved by the Foma wheel 13.

[0041] In order to further improve the stability of the device, a support plate 19 is provided between the short support base 20 and the working base plate 18. The support plate 19, the short support base 20 and the working base plate 18 form a triangular structure to stabilize the device.

[0042] A servo electric push cylinder 10 is disposed on the electric push cylinder bottom plate 11 . The servo electric push cylinder 10 is arranged transversely, and its telescopic direction is the front-to-back direction.

[0043] The working base plate 18 is provided with a rock clamping and force measuring device, which includes a rock clamp, a three-axis force sensor 29 and a lifting mechanism connected in sequence from top to bottom. The bottom of the rock clamp is connected to the three-axis force sensor 29 through a connecting plate 28, and the lifting mechanism is connected to the working base plate 18.

[0044] The rock clamp comprises a rock bin 27 for placing and clamping a rock block 24, and a left rock baffle 23, a right rock baffle 26 and a rear rock baffle 25 are arranged on three sides of the rock bin 27. In this embodiment, the left rock baffle 23 is abutted against the left side of the rock block 24 by a side fastening bolt 22, the right rock baffle 26 is tightly clamped between the rock bin 27 and the rock 24, and the rear rock baffle 25 is abutted against the rear side of the rock block 24 by a rear fastening bolt 38. The side fastening bolt 22 passes through the side wall of the rock bin 27 from the outside and abuts against the side of the left rock baffle 23, and the rear fastening bolt 38 passes through the side wall of the rock bin 27 from the outside and abuts against the side of the rear rock baffle 25. The connecting plate 28 is connected to the bottom plate of the rock bin 27 by bolts, and at the same time, the connecting plate 28 is connected to the top of the three-axis force sensor by bolts.

[0045] The lifting mechanism includes an upper wedge block 35, a lower wedge block 33 and a fixture base 34 arranged in sequence from top to bottom. The contact surface of the upper wedge block 35 and the lower wedge block 33 is an inclined surface. By adjusting the relative positions of the upper wedge block 35 and the lower wedge block 33, the positions of the contact surfaces of the two are changed, thereby changing the overall height and achieving lifting. The top of the upper wedge block 35 is connected to the bottom of the three-axis force sensor 29 by bolts. The left side plate 37 and the right side plate 30 are connected to the side wall of the fixture base 34 by bolts, and are arranged relative to each other, so that the connecting plate 28, the three-axis force sensor 29 and the upper wedge block 35 and the lower wedge block 33 are surrounded in a rectangular space formed by the left side plate 37, the right side plate 30 and the fixture base 34. The side of the lower wedge block 33 is provided with a threaded push rod 32 and a long bolt 31. The long bolt 31 passes through the threaded hole on the right side plate 30 from the outside and abuts against the side of the lower wedge block 33. The threaded push rod 32 is located between the two long bolts 31, passes through the through hole on the right side plate 30 from the outside and is screwed into the lower wedge block 33. The threaded push rod 32 pushes the lower wedge block 33 to move horizontally, driving the upper wedge block 35 to slide up and down, thereby realizing the lifting function. The side of the upper wedge block 35 is provided with an adjustment bolt 36, which passes through the outside of the left side plate 37 and is screwed into the threaded hole of the upper wedge block 35. The left side plate 37 is provided with three strip holes corresponding to the adjustment bolt 36, so that the adjustment bolt 36 can be tightened to fix the upper wedge block 35 after the upper wedge block 35 moves up and down. When the lifting mechanism is lifted to a certain required position, the long bolt 31 is rotated to contact the side of the lower wedge block 33, thereby tightening the adjusting bolt 36 and the long bolt 31 so that the lifting mechanism is in a tightened state.

[0046] The working base plate 18 is provided with a long slot, the length direction of which is perpendicular to the extension and retraction direction of the servo electric push cylinder 10. The clamp base 34 is fixed to the long slot by bolts and nuts to facilitate left and right adjustment of the working position of the rock clamping and force measuring device on the working base plate 18, thereby changing the cutting position or route of the roller on the rock, and realizing linear cutting of different positions on the upper surface of the rock block 24.

[0047] The three-axis force sensor 29 can detect the vertical force, horizontal force and lateral force applied to the roller cutter during the cutting process, so as to obtain detailed mechanical data. The wiring harness of the three-axis force sensor 29 passes through the slot on the left side plate 37 or the right side plate 30 .

[0048] The working base plate 18 is provided with a guide rail support mechanism, which includes a front optical axis support seat 21, a rear optical axis support seat 7 and an optical axis 2 connected therebetween, and the axial direction of the optical axis 2 is parallel to the telescopic direction of the servo electric push cylinder 10. The four optical axes 2 are respectively inserted into the holes of the front optical axis support seat 21 and the rear optical axis support seat 7 to ensure their parallelism and position; both ends of the optical axis 2 are provided with external threads, and the optical axis 2 is fixed to the front optical axis support seat 21 and the rear optical axis support seat 7 by a large nut 1 to prevent the axial or radial movement of the optical axis.

[0049] The guide rail support mechanism is provided with a linear cutting mechanism of a hob cutter, which is slidably connected to the optical axis 2 and connected to the active end of the servo electric push cylinder 10 through an extension block 9. The linear cutting mechanism of the hob cutter comprises a front support connecting frame 3, a rear support connecting frame 6 and a tool holder 8 connected therebetween, and the hob cutter is arranged on the tool holder 8; the front support connecting frame 3 and the rear support connecting frame 6 are slidably connected to the optical axis 2, and the rear support connecting frame 6 is connected to the active end of the servo electric push cylinder 10 through an extension block 9, and the linear cutting mechanism of the hob cutter is driven to move along the optical axis 2 through the extension and contraction of the servo electric push cylinder 10.

[0050] The roller cutter linear cutting mechanism is connected to the four optical axes 2 via a short optical axis sleeve 4 and a long optical axis sleeve 5. The short optical axis sleeve 4 is fastened to the through hole on the front support connecting frame 3 via bolts and nuts, and the long optical axis sleeve 5 is fastened to the through hole on the rear support connecting frame 6 via bolts and nuts, thereby ensuring the stability of the roller cutter linear cutting mechanism during movement.

[0051] The hob includes a central axis 39 and a hob cutter disc 40 disposed in the middle of the central axis 39, the axial direction of the central axis 39 is perpendicular to the optical axis 2; the hob cutter disc 40 is connected to the central axis 39 through a tapered roller bearing 41, both ends of the tapered roller bearing 41 are sealed by end caps 42, and the two tapered roller bearings 41 and the end caps 42 at their ends are symmetrically arranged relative to the middle of the central axis 39, ensuring that the hob cutter disc 40 is located in the middle of the central axis 39. The hob cutter disc 40 can be replaced after being damaged, and the cutter disc can also be replaced according to different working conditions to ensure cutting efficiency and effect.

[0052] The tool holder 8 includes two relatively arranged connection plates and a fixing plate fixed therebetween, the roller cutter is connected to the fixing plate, and the tool holder is welded as a whole. The two connection plates are respectively connected to the front support connection frame 3 and the rear support connection frame 6 by bolts, and arc notches are provided on the front support connection frame 3 and the rear support connection frame 6 along the circumferential direction, so that the tool holder 8 can rotate within the range of the arc notches to achieve the change of the angle of the tool holder 8 and change the cutting angle of the roller cutter to meet the needs of the roller cutter cutting at different angles.

[0053] The method for conducting a rock breaking experiment using the above-mentioned rock breaking experimental device is as follows:

[0054] S1: Tighten the rock block 24: Place the rock block 24 that is adapted to the size of the rock bin 27 in the rock bin 27, and place the left rock baffle 23 and the right rock baffle 26 on both sides of the rock block 24, and tighten the side fastening bolts 22 and the rear fastening bolts 38 to secure the rock block 24.

[0055] S2: Zeroing the device: Adjust the left and right working positions of the rock clamping and force measuring device on the working base plate 18 and fix them with bolts and long slots. Start the servo electric push cylinder 10 to push the roller to extend and move forward. Stop when the roller hovers above the rock block 24. Adjust the lifting mechanism to make the rock block 24 contact with the roller disc 40 of the roller to achieve zeroing.

[0056] S3: Determine and adjust the cutting depth: adjust the lifting mechanism according to the cutting depth requirement of the experiment; then tighten the long bolt 31 and the adjusting bolt 36 to make the rock clamp in a tightened state.

[0057] S4: Linear cutting: Linear cutting is performed by starting the servo electric push cylinder 10 to push the hob to extend forward.

[0058] During the experiment, the cutting angle of the roller cutter can be adjusted by rotating the cutter holder 8; at the same time, the cutting speed and cutting distance of the roller cutter can be adjusted by adjusting the servo electric push cylinder 10; the cutting position or route of the roller cutter on the rock can be changed by adjusting the left and right positions of the rock clamping and force measuring device on the working bottom plate 18;

[0059] During the whole experiment, the three-axis force sensor 29 detects the mechanical data of the disc cutter in real time during the cutting process. These data can be used to analyze the cutting performance, rock breaking mechanism and wear condition of the disc cutter.

[0060] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solutions, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rock breaking experimental device, characterized in that: It includes a rock clamping and force measuring device to clamp the rock block (24) and adjust the rock block (24) to determine the cutting depth, while monitoring the three-dimensional force during the experiment; The roller cutter linear cutting mechanism is arranged above the rock clamping and force measuring device and connected to the movable end of the servo electric push cylinder (10) to cut the rock block (24) at multiple angles; the cutting speed and cutting distance of the roller cutter linear cutting mechanism are adjusted by adjusting the servo electric push cylinder (10); The guide rail support mechanism is slidably connected to the roller cutter linear cutting mechanism to provide support and movement guidance for the roller cutter linear cutting mechanism.

2. A rock breaking experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rock clamping and force measuring device comprises a rock clamp, a three-axis force sensor (29) and a lifting mechanism which are connected in sequence from top to bottom. The bottom of the rock clamp is connected to the three-axis force sensor (29) via a connecting plate (28), and the lifting mechanism is connected to a working base plate (18). A long slot is provided on the working base plate (18), and the length direction of the long slot is perpendicular to the extension and contraction direction of the servo electric push cylinder (10). A clamp base (34) is fixed on the long slot to facilitate left-right adjustment of the working position of the rock clamping and force measuring device.

3. A rock breaking experimental device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rock clamp comprises a rock bin (27), wherein the three inner side surfaces of the rock bin (27) are provided with a left rock baffle (23), a right rock baffle (26) and a rear rock baffle (25), and a fastening bolt passes through the side wall of the rock bin (27) from the outer side and abuts against the side surfaces of the left rock baffle (23) and / or the right rock baffle (26) and the rear rock baffle (25); the connecting plate (28) is connected to the bottom plate of the rock bin (27), and at the same time, the connecting plate (28) is connected to the top of the three-axis force sensor.

4. A rock breaking experimental device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lifting mechanism comprises an upper wedge block (35), a lower wedge block (33) and a clamp base (34) which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom, and the contact surface between the upper wedge block (35) and the lower wedge block (33) is an inclined surface; a threaded push rod (32) and a long bolt (31) are arranged on the side surface of the lower wedge block (33), and the long bolt (31) passes through the threaded hole on the right side plate (30) from the outside and abuts against the side surface of the lower wedge block (33); the threaded push rod (32) is located between the two long bolts (31), passes through the through hole on the right side plate (30) from the outside and is screwed into the lower wedge block (33), and the threaded push rod (32) pushes the lower wedge block (33) to move horizontally, driving the upper wedge block (35) to slide up and down, thereby realizing lifting; An adjusting bolt (36) is arranged on the side of the upper wedge block (35). The adjusting bolt (36) passes through the outer side of the left plate (37) and is screwed into the threaded hole of the upper wedge block (35). The left plate (37) is provided with a strip hole corresponding to the adjusting bolt (36) so that the adjusting bolt (36) can be tightened to fix the upper wedge block (35) after the upper wedge block (35) moves up and down.

5. A rock breaking experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide rail support mechanism comprises a front optical axis support seat (21), a rear optical axis support seat (7) and an optical axis (2) connected therebetween, wherein the axial direction of the optical axis (2) is parallel to the telescopic direction of the servo electric push cylinder (10); the optical axis (2) is respectively inserted into the holes of the front optical axis support seat (21) and the rear optical axis support seat (7) to ensure its parallelism and position; both ends of the optical axis (2) are provided with external threads, and are connected and fixed to the front optical axis support seat (21) and the rear optical axis support seat (7) by a large nut (1) to prevent the axial or radial movement of the optical axis.

6. A rock breaking experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The roller cutter linear cutting mechanism is slidably connected to the optical axis (2), and comprises a front support connecting frame (3), a rear support connecting frame (6) and a tool holder (8) connected therebetween, and the roller cutter is arranged on the tool holder (8); the front support connecting frame (3) and the rear support connecting frame (6) are slidably connected to the optical axis (2), and the rear support connecting frame (6) is connected to the movable end of the servo electric push cylinder (10) through an extension block (9).

7. A rock breaking experimental device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The roller cutter linear cutting mechanism is connected to the optical axis (2) via a short optical axis sleeve (4) and a long optical axis sleeve (5); the short optical axis sleeve (4), the long optical axis sleeve (5) are fastened to a front support connecting frame (3) and a rear support connecting frame (6), thereby ensuring the stability of the roller cutter linear cutting mechanism during movement.

8. A rock breaking experimental device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The hob comprises a central axis (39) and a hob cutter disc (40) arranged in the middle of the central axis (39), and the axial direction of the central axis (39) is perpendicular to the optical axis (2); the hob cutter disc (40) is connected to the central axis (39) through a tapered roller bearing (41), and both ends of the tapered roller bearing (41) are sealed by end covers (42), and the two tapered roller bearings (41) and the end covers (42) at their ends are symmetrically arranged relative to the middle of the central axis (39).

9. A rock breaking experimental device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The tool holder (8) comprises two connecting plates arranged opposite to each other and a fixing plate fixed therebetween, the roller cutter is connected to the fixing plate, and the tool holder is welded as a whole; the two connecting plates are respectively connected to the front support connecting frame (3) and the rear support connecting frame (6), and arc grooves are provided on the front support connecting frame (3) and the rear support connecting frame (6) along the circumferential direction, so that the tool holder (8) can rotate within the range of the arc grooves to achieve the change of the angle of the tool holder (8).

10. A method for performing a rock breaking experiment using a rock breaking experiment device, using a rock breaking experiment device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The details are as follows: S1: Fastening the rock block (24): placing the rock block (24) in the rock bin (27) of the rock clamping and force measuring device, and fastening the fastening bolts; S2: Zeroing the device: adjust the working position of the rock block (24) left and right and fix it, start the servo electric push cylinder (10) and the lifting mechanism, and adjust the rock block (24) up and down to make it contact with the hob cutter disc (40) of the hob; S3: Determine and adjust the cutting depth: according to the experimental requirements for the cutting depth, adjust the lifting mechanism and tighten it; S4: Linear cutting: start the servo electric push cylinder (10) to perform linear cutting; During the experiment, the cutting angle of the roller cutter is adjusted by rotating the cutter holder (8), and the advancing speed and cutting distance of the roller cutter are adjusted by adjusting the servo electric push cylinder (10); the cutting position or route of the roller cutter on the rock is changed by adjusting the left and right positions of the rock clamping and force measuring device; During the entire experiment, the three-axis force sensor (29) detects the mechanical data of the hob cutting process in real time.

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