A method for hierarchical transfer and decomposition of multi-energy flow flexibility in integrated energy systems

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for hierarchical transfer and decomposition of multi-energy flow flexibility in an integrated energy system, comprising the following steps: S1, establishing an association model of the integrated energy system based on the input-output coupling relationship between "source-grid-load-storage" devices; S2, establishing a unified quantification model of flexibility for different types of devices at the device level ("source-grid-load-storage"); S3, establishing an energy flow flexibility model at the energy flow level based on the device flexibility model; S4, establishing a system flexibility quantification model at the system level based on the energy flow flexibility model; S5, decomposing system flexibility into energy flow flexibility based on upward / downward adjustment of system flexibility indices; S6, decomposing energy flow flexibility into device flexibility based on upward / downward adjustment of energy flow flexibility indices. Using this method, flexibility quantification can be achieved across the entire "source-grid-load-storage" process and at multiple levels ("device-energy flow-system"), improving the efficiency of flexible operation and control of the integrated energy system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of integrated energy system operation and control, and in particular relates to a method for hierarchical transfer and decomposition of multi-energy flow flexibility in integrated energy systems. Background Technology

[0002] With the goal of achieving "dual carbon" and the construction of a new energy system in mind, integrated energy systems encompassing multiple energy flows such as electricity, heat (cooling), and gas (steam) are receiving increasing attention due to their multi-energy complementarity and comprehensive integration advantages. However, the structural diversity and scale expansion of integrated energy systems have led to a significant increase in the complexity of precise modeling and operational control. How to tap the flexibility potential of integrated energy systems, quantify the flexibility indicators of the entire process from "source to grid to load to storage" and the multi-level structure from "equipment to energy flow to system," and develop methods for calculating the transfer and decomposition of flexibility between different processes and levels have become pressing issues that need to be addressed.

[0003] Currently, domestic and international research on the quantification of flexibility in various energy systems focuses on power systems and building energy systems. Power system flexibility primarily emphasizes supply and demand balance, while building energy system flexibility research is closely related to building demand response, mainly exploring flexibility resources such as equipment and building thermal inertia. While some research on the flexibility quantification of heating systems has been conducted focusing on planning, design, and operational control processes, multi-energy flow flexibility quantification in integrated energy systems is relatively rare. Furthermore, existing research concentrates on the flexibility quantification of a single link or piece of equipment, lacking flexibility quantification across the entire process of "source-grid-load-storage" and at multiple levels of "equipment-energy flow-system." Therefore, proposing a transfer and decomposition calculation method suitable for multi-energy flow flexibility in integrated energy systems, and addressing the challenges of quantifying and improving multi-energy flow flexibility under different operating conditions, is crucial for achieving flexible operation and control of integrated energy systems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for calculating the transfer and decomposition of flexibility in multi-energy flow systems. This is achieved by establishing a universal flexibility quantification method for each link in the integrated energy system ("source-grid-load-storage") and at multiple levels ("equipment-energy flow-system"), thus forming a mechanism for the transfer and decomposition of multi-energy flow flexibility in integrated energy systems. To achieve the above objective, this invention proposes the following technical solution:

[0005] A method for hierarchical transfer and decomposition of multi-energy flow flexibility in an integrated energy system includes the following steps:

[0006] S1. Establish a comprehensive energy system model based on the input-output coupling relationship between "source-grid-load-storage" equipment;

[0007] S2, establish a unified quantitative model for the flexibility of different types of equipment at the equipment level, namely "source-grid-load-storage";

[0008] S3. Based on the unified quantification model of flexibility obtained in step S2, establish an energy flow flexibility model at the energy flow level. The energy flow flexibility model covers single device flexibility and device coupling flexibility.

[0009] S4. Based on the energy flow flexibility model obtained in step S3, establish a system-level system flexibility quantification model, which covers single energy flow flexibility and energy flow coupling flexibility.

[0010] S5. Based on the system flexibility quantification model of the system hierarchy, the system flexibility is decomposed into energy flow flexibility according to the upward / downward adjustment system flexibility index, and the upward / downward adjustment values ​​of single energy flow flexibility and energy flow coupling flexibility are obtained.

[0011] S6. Based on the energy flow flexibility model of the energy flow hierarchy, the energy flow flexibility is decomposed into equipment flexibility according to the upward / downward adjustment of the energy flow flexibility index, and the upward / downward adjustment values ​​of single equipment flexibility and equipment coupling flexibility are obtained.

[0012] In the above technical solution, further, in step S1, the integrated energy system encompasses four energy flows: electricity, heat, steam, and compressed air. The "source-grid-load-storage" equipment participating in the flexible control during system operation includes combined heat and power units, extraction-condensing and back-pressure thermal power units, steam-driven air compressors, electric air compressors, hot water / steam / compressed air transport networks, hot water storage tanks, steam accumulators, batteries, and other energy storage equipment, as well as industrial enterprises and residential and office buildings with flexible loads. Specifically, the integrated energy system model is established using the energy bus method. The energy flow input and output forms of the aforementioned multi-energy supply / conversion / storage / load equipment are connected to the electricity / heat / steam / compressed air energy bus according to the actual energy flow paths in the integrated energy system, forming an overall integrated energy system model.

[0013] Furthermore, in steps S2-4, the flexibility quantification value of each level of equipment / energy flow / system is defined as the equipment / energy flow / system flexibility.

[0014] Furthermore, in step S2: the equipment flexibility is determined by the deviation between the real-time operating condition and the design operating condition of the equipment, and the remaining adjustable operating condition range of the equipment; the design operating condition of the equipment is derived from the predetermined day-ahead operation scheduling plan, and the remaining adjustable operating condition of the equipment is determined by the absolute value of the difference between the safe operating condition range during operation and the current operating condition; the unified quantitative model of the flexibility of different types of equipment at the equipment level "source-grid-load-storage" is specifically as shown in equations (1)-(2):

[0015]

[0016]

[0017] In the formula, F dev _ U and F dev _ L These represent the upward and downward flexibility of the equipment, respectively; C r This refers to the real-time operating conditions of the equipment; C d C represents the design operating condition value. max and C min These represent the maximum and minimum safe operating ranges of the equipment, respectively. For energy supply equipment, its flexibility comes from adjustable output power (kW); for energy transmission networks, its flexibility comes from adjustable transmission flow rate and temperature (kg / m³). 3 (or ℃); for energy storage equipment, its flexibility comes from the switching of storage / release processes and adjustable energy storage capacity (kW·h); for user load, its flexibility comes from the adjustable load of building clusters and the flexible production process load of enterprises in industrial parks (kW).

[0018] Furthermore, in step S3: energy flow flexibility needs to simultaneously consider the flexibility of the equipment involved in each stage of energy flow production, transportation, storage and utilization, as well as the impact of equipment coupling in the energy flow network. The specific energy flow flexibility model of the energy flow level is as shown in equations (3)-(5):

[0019]

[0020] (t, j)∈C1={(x1, y1), (x2, y2)..., (x m y m )},x m ∈N + y m ∈N + (5)

[0021] In the formula, F flow_U and flow_L These represent the upward and downward flexibility of energy flow, respectively; a i b is the flexibility ratio coefficient for a single device; j F is the equipment coupling flexibility scaling factor; f is the equipment coupling flexibility calculation function; dev_L,i and F dev_L,j Let F be the downward flexibility value under the real-time operating conditions of the i-th and j-th devices, respectively; dev_U,i and F dev_U,jLet be the upward flexibility values ​​of the i-th and j-th devices under real-time operating conditions, respectively; n be the number of devices participating in flexible scheduling in the integrated energy system; m be the number of device pairs with energy flow coupling relationships; and C1 be the set of device pairs with coupling relationships. The device coupling flexibility calculation function is obtained as follows: For each device pair in set C1, the device characteristic curve is found based on the device's real-time operating point to determine the device coupling flexibility. The device coupling flexibility of each device is calculated under operating condition variations from 0% to 100%. All values ​​are interpolated and fitted to form a historical dataset of device real-time operating points and device coupling flexibility. Using the device's real-time operating points as input features and the device coupling flexibility as predicted values, a linear support vector machine algorithm is used to fit the device coupling flexibility calculation function, thereby achieving online and rapid calculation of device coupling flexibility.

[0022] Furthermore, in step S4: system flexibility encompasses the flexibility of each energy flow and the flexibility of energy flow coupling. The flexibility of energy flow coupling is brought about by the complementary coupling characteristics of energy conversion equipment such as batteries, steam accumulators, and hot water storage tanks, and multi-energy supply equipment such as combined cooling, heating, and power (CCHP). The specific quantitative model of system flexibility at the system level is shown in equations (6)-(8):

[0023]

[0024] (i,j)∈C2={(x1,y1),(x2,y2),...,(x M y M )} (8)

[0025] In the formula, F sys_U and F sys_L These represent the system's upward and downward flexibility, respectively; c i The single energy flow flexibility ratio coefficient; d j is the proportional coefficient for energy flow coupling flexibility; g is the function for calculating energy flow coupling flexibility; F flow_U,i and F flow_U,j These are the upward flexibility values ​​for the i-th and j-th real-time energy flow conditions, respectively; F flow_L,i and F flow_L,jLet represent the downward flexibility values ​​under the real-time operating conditions of the i-th and j-th energy flows, respectively; N represents the number of energy flows participating in flexible scheduling in the integrated energy system; M represents the number of energy flow pairs with energy flow coupling relationships; and C2 represents the set of energy flow pairs with coupling relationships. The energy flow coupling flexibility calculation function is obtained as follows: For each energy flow in the C2 set, the energy flow coupling flexibility is determined based on the real-time operating points of the energy flow and the dynamic model simulation of the energy flow network. The energy flow coupling flexibility of each energy flow is calculated under operating condition variations from 0% to 100%. All values ​​are interpolated and fitted to form a historical dataset of real-time operating points and energy flow coupling flexibility. Using the real-time operating points of the coupled energy flow pairs as input features and the energy flow coupling flexibility as predicted values, a linear support vector machine algorithm is used to fit the energy flow coupling flexibility calculation function, thereby achieving online and rapid calculation of energy flow coupling flexibility.

[0026] Furthermore, in step S5, the system flexibility index is specifically the deviation between the current system flexibility and the future system flexibility; the decomposition of system flexibility into energy flow flexibility based on the upward / downward adjustment of the system flexibility index is specifically decomposed using formulas (9)-(13):

[0027]

[0028] S∈{economy,carbon,flexibility,...}, (13)

[0029] In the formula, ΔF sys_U and ΔF sys_L These represent the system flexibility indices for upward and downward adjustments, respectively; Δg represents the difference in energy flow coupling flexibility before and after adjustment; ΔF flow_U，i ΔF is the upward adjustment flexibility index for the i-th energy flow; flow_L，i Opt represents the downward adjustment flexibility index for the i-th energy flow; sys_U and Opt sys_L These represent the optimal objective function values ​​for the upward and downward decomposition of system flexibility, respectively; S is the objective function, which can specifically be different optimization objectives such as optimal economic efficiency, minimum carbon emissions, or maximum adjustable flexibility potential.

[0030] In step S6, the energy flow flexibility index is the deviation between the current energy flow flexibility and the future energy flow flexibility; the energy flow flexibility is decomposed into equipment flexibility according to the upward / downward adjustment of the energy flow flexibility index, and the specific decomposition formula is as shown in equations (14)-(18).

[0031]

[0032]

[0033] S∈{economy,carbon,flexibility,…}, (18)

[0034] In the formula, ΔF flow_U and ΔF flow_L The energy flow flexibility index is adjusted upwards and downwards, respectively; Δf represents the difference in equipment coupling flexibility before and after adjustment; ΔF dev_U,i ΔF is the upward adjustment energy flow flexibility index for the i-th device. dev_L,i Opt is the upward adjustment energy flow flexibility index for the i-th device. flow_U and Opt flow_L These represent the optimal objective function values ​​for upward and downward decomposition of energy flow flexibility, respectively; S is the objective function, which can specifically be different optimization objectives such as optimal economics, minimum carbon emissions, or maximum adjustable flexibility potential.

[0035] Based on the upward / downward adjustment values ​​of single energy flow flexibility and energy flow coupling flexibility obtained by the method of this invention, and the upward / downward adjustment values ​​of single device flexibility and device coupling flexibility, the system is adjusted. Specifically, the flexibility at each level is reduced or increased by changing the energy storage and release mode and operating parameters of the energy storage device, and the multi-energy complementarity mode of the device and energy flow.

[0036] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0037] This invention provides a method for the hierarchical transfer and decomposition of flexibility in multi-energy flow systems. This method can quantify and decompose the flexibility across multiple levels in large, complex integrated energy systems, effectively calculating the multi-energy flow flexibility potential of integrated energy systems and providing flexible strategies for operation and control from the system-wide perspective down to individual devices. This invention can intuitively quantify the flexibility potential in different links and levels of integrated energy systems, elucidating the flexibility transfer and decomposition mechanism between the "device-energy flow-system" hierarchy. This is of great significance for quantifying flexibility potential and searching for flexibility enhancement paths during the operation and control of integrated energy systems. Attached Figure Description

[0038] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0039] Figure 1 These are the main steps of the method of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 2 This is a diagram illustrating the calculation of the device's real-time flexibility up / down values. Detailed Implementation

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a method for hierarchical transfer and decomposition of multi-energy flow flexibility in an integrated energy system, comprising the following steps:

[0042] Step S1: Establish a comprehensive energy system model based on the input-output coupling relationship between the "source-grid-load-storage" devices. The comprehensive energy system encompasses four energy flows: electricity, heat, steam, and compressed air. The "source-grid-load-storage" devices that participate in the flexible control during system operation include combined heat and power units, extraction condensing and back-pressure thermal power units, steam-driven air compressors, electric air compressors, hot water / steam / compressed air transportation networks, energy storage devices such as hot water storage tanks, steam accumulators, and batteries, as well as industrial enterprises and residential and office buildings with flexible loads.

[0043] Step S2: Establish a unified quantitative model for the flexibility of different types of equipment at the "source-grid-load-storage" level. Define the equipment flexibility quantification value as equipment flexibility, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the equipment flexibility is determined by the deviation between the real-time operating condition and the design operating condition, and the remaining adjustable operating condition range of the equipment. The design operating condition of the equipment is derived from the predetermined day-ahead operation scheduling plan, and the remaining adjustable operating condition of the equipment is determined by the absolute value of the difference between the safe operating condition range during operation and the current operating condition. The unified quantitative model of the flexibility of different types of equipment at the equipment level "source-grid-load-storage" is specifically shown in equations (1)-(2):

[0044]

[0045] In the formula, F dev_U and F dev_L These represent the upward and downward flexibility of the equipment, respectively; C r This refers to the real-time operating conditions of the equipment; C d C represents the design operating condition value. max and C min These represent the maximum and minimum safe operating ranges of the equipment, respectively. For energy supply equipment, its flexibility comes from adjustable output power (kW); for energy transmission networks, its flexibility comes from adjustable transmission flow rate and temperature (kg / m³). 3 (or ℃); for energy storage equipment, its flexibility comes from the switching of storage / release processes and adjustable energy storage capacity (kW·h); for user load, its flexibility comes from the adjustable load of building clusters and the flexible production process load of enterprises in industrial parks (kW).

[0046] Step S3: Based on the unified quantification model of flexibility obtained in step S2, establish an energy flow flexibility model at the energy flow level. The energy flow flexibility model covers the flexibility of a single device and the flexibility of device coupling. The quantification value of energy flow flexibility is defined as energy flow flexibility. Energy flow flexibility needs to consider the flexibility of each device involved in the production, transportation, storage and utilization of the energy flow, as well as the influence of device coupling in the energy flow network. The specific energy flow flexibility model at the energy flow level is as shown in equations (3)-(5):

[0047]

[0048]

[0049] (i, j)∈C1={(x1, y1), (x2, y2)..., (x m y m )},x m ∈N + ,y m ∈N + (5)

[0050] In the formula, F flow_U and F flow_L These represent the upward and downward flexibility of energy flow, respectively; a i b is the flexibility ratio coefficient for a single device; j F is the equipment coupling flexibility scaling factor; f is the equipment coupling flexibility calculation function; dev_L，i and F dev_L，j Let F be the downward flexibility value under the real-time operating conditions of the i-th and j-th devices, respectively; dev_U，i and F dev_U，j Let be the upward flexibility values ​​of the i-th and j-th devices under real-time operating conditions, respectively; n be the number of devices participating in flexible scheduling in the integrated energy system; m be the number of device pairs with energy flow coupling relationships; and C1 be the set of device pairs with coupling relationships. The device coupling flexibility calculation function is obtained as follows: For each device pair in set C1, the device characteristic curve is found based on the device's real-time operating point to determine the device coupling flexibility. The device coupling flexibility of each device is calculated under operating condition variations from 0% to 100%. All values ​​are interpolated and fitted to form a historical dataset of device real-time operating points and device coupling flexibility. Using the device's real-time operating points as input features and the device coupling flexibility as predicted values, a linear support vector machine algorithm is used to fit the device coupling flexibility calculation function, thereby achieving online and rapid calculation of device coupling flexibility.

[0051] Step S4: Based on the energy flow flexibility model obtained in Step S3, establish a system-level system flexibility quantification model. The system flexibility quantification value is defined as system flexibility. In addition to considering the flexibility of each energy flow, system flexibility also includes the energy flow coupling flexibility brought about by the complementary coupling characteristics of energy conversion equipment such as batteries, steam accumulators, and hot water storage tanks, and multi-energy supply equipment such as combined cooling, heating, and power (CCHP). The specific system-level system flexibility quantification model is shown in equations (6)-(8):

[0052]

[0053] (i, j)∈C2={(x1, y1), (x2, y2),..., (x M y M )} (8)

[0054] In the formula, F sys_U and F sys_L These represent the system's upward and downward flexibility, respectively; c i The single energy flow flexibility ratio coefficient; d j is the proportional coefficient for energy flow coupling flexibility; g is the function for calculating energy flow coupling flexibility; F flow_U,i and F flow_U,j These are the upward flexibility values ​​for the i-th and j-th real-time energy flow conditions, respectively; F flow_L,i and F flow_L,j Let represent the downward flexibility values ​​under the real-time operating conditions of the i-th and j-th energy flows, respectively; N represents the number of energy flows participating in flexible scheduling in the integrated energy system; M represents the number of energy flow pairs with energy flow coupling relationships; and C2 represents the set of energy flow pairs with coupling relationships. The energy flow coupling flexibility calculation function is obtained as follows: For each energy flow in the C2 set, the energy flow coupling flexibility is determined based on the real-time operating points of the energy flow and the dynamic model simulation of the energy flow network. The energy flow coupling flexibility of each energy flow is calculated under operating condition variations from 0% to 100%. All values ​​are interpolated and fitted to form a historical dataset of real-time operating points and energy flow coupling flexibility. Using the real-time operating points of the coupled energy flow pairs as input features and the energy flow coupling flexibility as predicted values, a linear support vector machine algorithm is used to fit the energy flow coupling flexibility calculation function, thereby achieving online and rapid calculation of energy flow coupling flexibility.

[0055] S5: Based on the system flexibility quantification model at the system level, the system flexibility is decomposed into energy flow flexibility according to the upward / downward adjustment of the system flexibility index, and the upward / downward adjustment values ​​of single device flexibility and device coupling flexibility are obtained. The specific decomposition formulas are as shown in equations (9)-(13):

[0056]

[0057] S∈{economy,carbon,flexibility,...}, (13)

[0058] In the formula, ΔF sys_U and ΔF sys_L These represent the system flexibility indices for upward and downward adjustments, respectively; Δg represents the difference in energy flow coupling flexibility before and after adjustment; ΔF flow_U,i ΔF is the upward adjustment flexibility index for the i-th energy flow; flow_L,i Opt represents the downward adjustment flexibility index for the i-th energy flow; sys_U and Optsys_L These represent the optimal objective function values ​​for the upward and downward decomposition of system flexibility, respectively; S is the optimization objective, which can be different objectives such as optimal economic efficiency, lowest carbon emissions, or maximum adjustable flexibility potential.

[0059] Step S6: Based on the energy flow flexibility model of the energy flow hierarchy, decompose the energy flow flexibility into equipment flexibility according to the upward / downward adjustment of the energy flow flexibility index, and obtain the upward / downward adjustment values ​​of single equipment flexibility and equipment coupling flexibility. The specific decomposition formulas are as shown in equations (14)-(18):

[0060]

[0061] S∈{economy,carbon,flexibility,…}, (18)

[0062] In the formula, ΔF flow_U and ΔF flow_L The energy flow flexibility index is adjusted upwards and downwards, respectively; Δf represents the difference in equipment coupling flexibility before and after adjustment; ΔF dev_U,i ΔF is the upward adjustment energy flow flexibility index for the i-th device. dev_L,i Opt is the upward adjustment energy flow flexibility index for the i-th device. flow_U and Opt flow_L , respectively, represent the optimal objective function values ​​for upward and downward decomposition of energy flow flexibility; S is the objective function.

[0063] Based on the upward / downward adjustment values ​​of single energy flow flexibility and energy flow coupling flexibility obtained from the above steps S5 and S6, and the upward / downward adjustment values ​​of single device flexibility and device coupling flexibility, the system is adjusted. The specific method is to reduce or increase the flexibility of each level by changing the energy storage and release mode and operating parameters of the energy storage device, and the multi-energy complementarity mode of the device and energy flow.

Claims

1. A method for hierarchical transfer and decomposition of multi-energy flow flexibility in an integrated energy system, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Establish a comprehensive energy system model based on the input-output coupling relationship between "source-grid-load-storage" equipment; S2, establish a unified quantitative model for the flexibility of different types of equipment at the equipment level, namely "source-grid-load-storage"; S3. Based on the unified quantification model of flexibility obtained in step S2, establish an energy flow flexibility model at the energy flow level. The energy flow flexibility model covers single device flexibility and device coupling flexibility. S4. Based on the energy flow flexibility model obtained in step S3, establish a system-level system flexibility quantification model, which covers single energy flow flexibility and energy flow coupling flexibility. S5. Based on the system flexibility quantification model of the system hierarchy, the system flexibility is decomposed into energy flow flexibility according to the upward / downward adjustment system flexibility index, and the upward / downward adjustment values ​​of single energy flow flexibility and energy flow coupling flexibility are obtained. S6. Based on the energy flow flexibility model of the energy flow hierarchy, the energy flow flexibility is decomposed into equipment flexibility according to the upward / downward adjustment energy flow flexibility index to obtain the upward / downward adjustment values ​​of single equipment flexibility and equipment coupling flexibility. In step S2, the unified quantitative model for the flexibility of different types of equipment at the equipment level "source-grid-load-storage" is specifically as shown in equations (1)-(2): (1) (2) In the formula, and These refer to the upward and downward flexibility of the equipment, respectively. This refers to the real-time operating conditions of the equipment. These are the design operating conditions; and These represent the maximum and minimum ranges of the equipment's safe operating interval; Step S3 specifically involves: Energy flow flexibility needs to consider the flexibility of each device involved in the production, transportation, storage and utilization of the energy flow, as well as the impact of device coupling in the energy flow network. The energy flow flexibility model at the energy flow level is specifically shown in equations (3)-(5): (3) (4) (5) In the formula, and These represent the upward and downward flexibility of energy flow, respectively. This refers to the flexibility ratio of a single device. This is a proportional coefficient representing the equipment coupling flexibility. A function for calculating device coupling flexibility; and Let i and j be the downward flexibility values ​​under real-time operating conditions of the i-th and j-th devices, respectively; and These are the upward flexibility values ​​for the i-th and j-th devices under real-time operating conditions, respectively. The number of devices participating in flexible dispatch within an integrated energy system; The number of pairs of devices with energy flow coupling; It is a set of device pairs that are coupled together. In step S4, the system flexibility quantification model at the system level is specifically as shown in equations (6)-(8): (6) (7) (8) In the formula, and These refer to the system's upward and downward flexibility, respectively. The single energy flow flexibility ratio coefficient; This is the proportional coefficient for the flexibility of energy flow coupling; This is a function for calculating the flexibility of energy-fluid coupling. and These are the upward flexibility values ​​for the i-th and j-th real-time energy flow conditions, respectively; and These are the downward flexibility values ​​for the i-th and j-th real-time energy flow conditions, respectively; The amount of energy flow participating in flexible dispatch within an integrated energy system; Let be the number of energy flux pairs with energy flux coupling relationships; It is a set of energy flow pairs that are coupled together; In step S5, the system flexibility index is specifically the deviation between the current system flexibility and the future system flexibility; the decomposition of system flexibility into energy flow flexibility based on the upward / downward adjustment of the system flexibility index is specifically decomposed using formulas (9)-(12): (9) (10) (11) (12) In the formula, and Adjusting the system flexibility index upwards and downwards respectively. This represents the difference in energy flow coupling flexibility before and after adjustment; The upward adjustment flexibility index of the i-th energy flow; Let i be the downward adjustment energy flow flexibility index for the i-th energy flow; and These are the optimal objective function values ​​for upward and downward decomposition of system flexibility, respectively; The objective function is... In step S6, the energy flow flexibility index is the deviation between the current energy flow flexibility and the future energy flow flexibility; the decomposition of energy flow flexibility into equipment flexibility based on the upward / downward adjustment of the energy flow flexibility index is specifically decomposed according to formulas (14)-(17): (14) (15) (16) (17) In the formula, and These are the energy flow flexibility indices that are adjusted upwards and downwards, respectively. This represents the difference in equipment coupling flexibility before and after adjustment; The upward adjustment energy flow flexibility index of the i-th device; For the upward adjustment energy flow flexibility index of the i-th device; and , respectively, represent the optimal objective function values ​​for upward and downward decomposition of energy flow flexibility; S is the objective function.

2. The method for hierarchical transfer and decomposition of multi-energy flow flexibility in an integrated energy system according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1: The integrated energy system encompasses four types of energy flows: electricity, heat, steam, and compressed air. The "source-grid-load-storage" equipment that participates in the flexible control during system operation includes combined heat and power units, extraction condensing and back-pressure thermal power units, steam-driven air compressors, electric air compressors, hot water / steam / compressed air transportation networks, hot water storage tanks, steam accumulators, batteries, as well as industrial enterprises and residential and office buildings with flexible loads.

3. The method for hierarchical transfer and decomposition of multi-energy flow flexibility in an integrated energy system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flexibility of each level of equipment / energy flow / system is defined as the equipment / energy flow / system flexibility.

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