A method for identifying and selecting a ratoons rice variety suitable for mechanized seeding and harvesting

Abstract

A method for identifying a riceseeding variety suitable for mechanized seeding and harvesting, comprising: S10, performing mechanized seeding and harvesting on a plurality of riceseeding varieties, and detecting to obtain yield indexes and quality indexes of the first-season rice and the reregion rice of each riceseeding variety; S20, calculating reregion production potential of each riceseeding variety; S30, calculating membership function values of yield, brown rice rate, milled rice rate, head milled rice rate and chalkiness of the first-season rice and the reregion rice of each riceseeding variety, and calculating a membership function value of the reregion production potential of each riceseeding variety; S40, calculating a mechanized seeding and harvesting optimization index of each riceseeding variety in a target planting area; and S50, sorting the mechanized seeding and harvesting optimization indexes of the plurality of riceseeding varieties in the target planting area from large to small, and selecting riceseeding varieties with the top pre-set percentage of the mechanized seeding and harvesting optimization indexes as riceseeding varieties of the target planting area. In this way, riceseeding varieties suitable for mechanized seeding and harvesting in the target planting area are identified.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a method for rice variety selection, and in particular to a method for selecting ratooning rice varieties suitable for mechanized planting and harvesting. Background Technology

[0002] Rice is one of my country's most important food crops, and increasing and stabilizing rice production plays a crucial role in ensuring food security. Ratoon rice is a rice cultivation method where rice is sown or transplanted once and harvested twice. Specifically, after the first rice harvest, the stubble is retained, and through appropriate irrigation and fertilization, axillary buds are encouraged to grow and develop into panicles, which can then be harvested again upon maturity. Ratoon rice has advantages such as low production costs and a short annual growth period. It is suitable for promotion in areas where light and temperature conditions are insufficient for double-cropping rice but where light and temperature surplus is available for single-cropping rice, thus maximizing the utilization of local light and temperature resources.

[0003] With the loss of rural labor force, rice cultivation is becoming increasingly reliant on mechanization. Currently, there is a lack of methods for selecting ratooning rice varieties suitable for mechanized planting and harvesting. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for identifying ratooning rice varieties suitable for mechanized planting and harvesting, which can identify ratooning rice varieties suitable for mechanized planting and harvesting in the target planting area.

[0005] This invention provides a method for selecting ratooning rice varieties suitable for mechanized planting and harvesting, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S10: Mechanized planting and harvesting of several ratooning rice varieties were carried out, and the yield and quality indicators of the first and second season rice of each ratooning rice variety were tested to obtain the yield and quality indicators of the first and second season rice. The yield indicators included yield, number of effective panicles per unit area, number of spikelets per panicle, seed setting rate and thousand-grain weight. The quality indicators included brown rice rate, milled rice rate, head rice rate and chalkiness.

[0007] S20: Calculate the regeneration production potential of each ratooning rice variety using formula (1).

[0008] P=(EP H ×GN H ×FR H ×TW H ) / (EP R ×GN R ×FR R ×TW R ) formula (1),

[0009] Where: P represents the potential for regeneration, EP R GN represents the number of effective panicles per unit area for the first-season rice crop. R FR is the number of spikelets per panicle of first-season rice. RFor the first-season rice grain filling rate, TW R For the first season rice thousand-grain weight, EP H GN represents the number of effective panicles per unit area in ratooning rice. H FR is the number of spikelets per panicle of ratooning rice. H For the seed setting rate of ratooning rice, TW H The weight of 1,000 grains of ratooning rice;

[0010] S30: Calculate the membership function values ​​of yield, brown rice rate, milled rice rate, head rice rate, and chalkiness of the first and second crop rice of each ratooning rice variety, and calculate the membership function value of the ratooning production potential of each ratooning rice variety. For yield, brown rice rate, milled rice rate, head rice rate, and ratooning production potential, linear positive index membership function is used to calculate the membership function value, and for chalkiness, linear negative index membership function is used to calculate the membership function value.

[0011] S40: Calculate the mechanized planting and harvesting optimization index of each ratooning rice variety in the target planting area using formula (2).

[0012] Formula (2),

[0013] Where K is the optimal index for mechanized planting and harvesting of each ratooning rice variety in the target planting area, and A (X)i Let be the membership function value of the i-th indicator, where the indicators include the yield of the first and second crop rice, brown rice rate, milled rice rate, head rice rate, and chalkiness of each ratooning rice variety, as well as the ratooning production potential of each ratooning rice variety. TGP is the annual growth period experienced by each ratooning rice variety in S10 during mechanized planting and harvesting; and

[0014] S50: Sort several ratooning rice varieties in the target planting area according to their mechanization planting and harvesting optimization index from largest to smallest, select the ratooning rice varieties with the mechanization planting and harvesting optimization index in the top preset percentage, and identify them as the ratooning rice varieties of the target planting area.

[0015] This method for selecting ratooning rice varieties suitable for mechanized planting and harvesting involves mechanized planting and harvesting of several selected ratooning rice varieties to make the selected varieties more suitable for mechanized production. Introducing ratooning production potential as an influencing indicator helps select varieties with better resistance to mechanical compaction and a larger proportion of ratooning rice yield. A mechanized planting and harvesting optimization index is calculated based on the membership function values ​​of ratooning production potential, yield, brown rice percentage, milled rice percentage, head rice percentage, and chalkiness, which helps select varieties with superior overall performance.

[0016] In another illustrative embodiment of the method for selecting ratooning rice varieties suitable for mechanized planting and harvesting, the mechanized planting and harvesting in S10 includes the following steps:

[0017] Disinfect and sterilize the seeds, sow and raise seedlings in late March, and transplant them by mechanization when the seedlings grow to the 3-leaf and 1-heart stage. The row spacing for transplanting is 25cm to 30cm and the plant spacing is 12cm to 16cm.

[0018] After the first crop of rice matures, it is harvested mechanically. Ten days before harvest, fertilizer to promote bud break is applied and the field is kept moist. After harvest, shallow irrigation and fertilizer to promote seedling growth are applied promptly.

[0019] After the ratooning rice matures, it is harvested mechanically.

[0020] In another illustrative embodiment of the method for selecting ratooning rice varieties suitable for mechanized planting and harvesting, the first crop of rice is harvested using low-stubble harvesting. The stubble height for low-stubble harvesting is 15cm to 30cm.

[0021] In another illustrative embodiment of the method for selecting ratooning rice varieties applicable to mechanized planting and harvesting, the first crop rice is harvested using a narrow-track combine harvester, and during the harvesting process, when the narrow-track combine harvester harvests the last row, one side of the track overlaps with the crushing mark from the previous row.

[0022] In another illustrative embodiment of the method for selecting ratooning rice varieties suitable for mechanized planting and harvesting, shallow water is irrigated to a water layer of 1 cm to 2 cm.

[0023] In another illustrative embodiment of the method for selecting ratooning rice varieties suitable for mechanized planting and harvesting, in S10, the number of safe production days for double-cropping rice in the experimental area where several ratooning rice varieties are planted and harvested mechanizedly is less than or equal to the number of safe production days for double-cropping rice in the target planting area.

[0024] In another illustrative embodiment of the ratooning rice variety selection method applicable to mechanized planting and harvesting, in S50, the preset percentage is 50%. Specifically, the top 25% of ratooning rice varieties are identified as the main recommended varieties for the target planting area, and the top 25% to 50% of ratooning rice varieties are identified as candidate varieties for the target planting area. Attached Figure Description

[0025] The following figures are for illustrative purposes only and do not limit the scope of the invention.

[0026] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating an implementation method for identifying ratooning rice varieties suitable for mechanized planting and harvesting. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To provide a clearer understanding of the technical features, objectives, and effects of the invention, specific embodiments of the invention are now described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, the same reference numerals indicate components with the same or similar structures but the same function.

[0028] In this document, “illustrative” means “serving as an example, illustration or description”, and any illustration or implementation described herein as “illustrative” should not be construed as a more preferred or advantageous technical solution.

[0029] To keep the drawings simple, each drawing only schematically shows the parts related to the present invention, and they do not represent the actual structure of the product.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating an embodiment of a method for selecting ratooning rice varieties suitable for mechanized planting and harvesting. This method is used to select ratooning rice varieties suitable for mechanized planting and harvesting in target areas, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the method for selecting ratooning rice varieties suitable for mechanized planting and harvesting includes the following steps S10 to S50.

[0031] S10: Mechanized planting and harvesting of several ratooning rice varieties were conducted, and the yield and quality indicators of the first and second harvests of each variety were obtained. Yield indicators included yield, number of effective panicles per unit area, number of spikelets per panicle, seed setting rate, and thousand-grain weight. Quality indicators included brown rice rate, milled rice rate, head rice rate, and chalkiness.

[0032] The varieties of ratooning rice may be selected from high-quality rice varieties that have been approved for the target planting area and high-quality rice varieties that have been widely used and promoted, but are not limited to these.

[0033] Preferably, in S10, the number of safe double-cropping rice production days in the experimental area for mechanized planting and harvesting of several ratooning rice varieties is less than or equal to the number of safe double-cropping rice production days in the target planting area. This effectively improves the accuracy and reference value of the selection results. Of course, the experimental area for mechanized planting and harvesting of several ratooning rice varieties in S10 is preferably located in the target planting area.

[0034] Specifically, in an illustrative embodiment, the mechanized planting and harvesting in S10 includes, for example, the following steps 1-3.

[0035] Step 1: Disinfect and sterilize the seeds, sow and raise seedlings in late March, and record the sowing time. When the seedlings grow to the 3-leaf-1-heart stage, transplant them mechanically, with a row spacing of 25cm to 30cm and a plant spacing of 12cm to 16cm.

[0036] Step 2: After the first-season rice matures, harvest it mechanically and record the harvest time and yield. For example, low-stubble harvesting can be used. The stubble height for low-stubble harvesting is, for example, 15cm to 30cm, to promote the germination of axillary buds at lower nodes in the ratooning season. For example, a narrow-track combine harvester can be used for the first-season rice harvest. During the harvesting process, when the narrow-track combine harvester harvests a row, one side of the track overlaps with the compaction mark from the previous row to reduce the compacted area. Ten days before the first-season rice harvest, apply a bud-promoting fertilizer once and keep the field moist. After the first-season rice harvest, irrigate shallowly and apply a seedling-promoting fertilizer once. After irrigation, maintain the water level at, for example, 1cm to 2cm.

[0037] Step 3: After the ratooning rice matures, it is harvested mechanically.

[0038] The calculation of yield, effective panicle number per unit area, number of spikelets per panicle, seed setting rate and thousand-grain weight are based on the Super Rice Yield Measurement Method of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China.

[0039] The calculation of brown rice rate, milled rice rate, head rice rate and chalkiness shall refer to GB / T 17891-2017 High-quality rice.

[0040] S20: Calculate the regeneration production potential of each regenerated rice variety using formula (1).

[0041] P=(EP H ×GN H ×FR H ×TW H ) / (EP R ×GN R ×FR R ×TW R ) formula (1).

[0042] Where: P represents the potential for regeneration, EP R GN represents the number of effective panicles per unit area for the first-season rice crop. R FR is the number of spikelets per panicle of first-season rice. R For the first-season rice grain filling rate, TW R For the first season rice thousand-grain weight, EP H GN represents the number of effective panicles per unit area in ratooning rice. H FR is the number of spikelets per panicle of ratooning rice. H For the seed setting rate of ratooning rice, TW H The weight of 1,000 grains of rice in the ratoon season.

[0043] During the harvesting process, the health of the rice stubble is severely affected by the compaction caused by combine harvesters, hindering the transport of water and nutrients. This negatively impacts the growth of axillary buds in the ratooning rice, slowing down the ratooning rate in the compacted areas and causing asynchronous growth stages for ratooning rice across the field. While the rice matures and is harvested in the non-compacted areas, some rice in the compacted areas remains immature. Higher ratooning production potential indicates a larger proportion of ratooning rice yield and better resistance to mechanical compaction.

[0044] S30: Calculate the membership function values ​​for yield, brown rice percentage, milled rice percentage, head rice percentage, and chalkiness of the first and second harvest rice of each ratooning rice variety, and calculate the membership function value for the ratooning production potential of each ratooning rice variety. Specifically, linear positive index membership functions are used to calculate the membership function values ​​for yield, brown rice percentage, milled rice percentage, head rice percentage, and ratooning production potential; linear negative index membership functions are used to calculate the membership function value for chalkiness. The linear positive index membership function is as follows: A (X) =(XX min ) / (X max -X min The negative index membership function is specifically: A (X) =(X max -X) / (X max -X min ), where A (X) X is the membership function value of the indicator, and X is the measured value of the indicator. max To determine the maximum value of the indicator, X min The minimum value is determined for each indicator. Calculating the membership function value facilitates the comprehensive evaluation of multiple indicators.

[0045] S40: Calculate the mechanized planting and harvesting optimization index of each ratooning rice variety in the target planting area using formula (2).

[0046] Formula (2).

[0047] Where K is the optimal index for mechanized planting and harvesting of each ratooning rice variety in the target planting area, and A (X)i denoted as the membership function value of the i-th index, where the index includes the yield of the first and second season rice, brown rice rate, milled rice rate, head rice rate and chalkiness of each ratooning rice variety, as well as the ratooning production potential of each ratooning rice variety. TGP is the annual growth period experienced by each ratooning rice variety in S10 during mechanized planting and harvesting.

[0048] Formula (2) can exclude varieties with TGP > the number of safe production days of double-cropping rice in the target planting area, which helps to improve the accuracy and reference value of the identification results.

[0049] S50: Sort several ratooning rice varieties from highest to lowest mechanization planting and harvesting optimization index in the target planting area. Select ratooning rice varieties with a mechanization planting and harvesting optimization index in the top preset percentage and identify them as the ratooning rice varieties for the target planting area. The preset percentage is, for example, 50%. That is, select ratooning rice varieties with a mechanization planting and harvesting optimization index in the top 50% and identify them as the ratooning rice varieties for the target planting area. For example, the top 25% of ratooning rice varieties are identified as the main recommended varieties for the ratooning rice varieties in the target planting area, and the ratooning rice varieties from the top 25% to 50% are identified as alternative varieties for the ratooning rice varieties in the target planting area. However, this is not the only possibility; in other illustrative embodiments, the specific value of the preset percentage can be adjusted as needed.

[0050] This method for selecting ratooning rice varieties suitable for mechanized planting and harvesting involves mechanized planting and harvesting of several selected ratooning rice varieties to make the selected varieties more suitable for mechanized production. Introducing ratooning production potential as an influencing indicator helps select varieties with better resistance to mechanical compaction and a larger proportion of ratooning rice yield. A mechanized planting and harvesting optimization index is calculated based on the membership function values ​​of ratooning production potential, yield, brown rice percentage, milled rice percentage, head rice percentage, and chalkiness, which helps select varieties with superior overall performance.

[0051] In this paper, the definitions of yield, number of effective panicles per unit area, number of spikelets per panicle, seed setting rate, thousand-grain weight, brown rice rate, milled rice rate, head rice rate, and chalkiness are based on “Tang Xiangru, Pan Shenggang. Crop Cultivation [M]. Guangzhou: Guangdong Higher Education Press, 2013: 155-158”.

[0052] In this paper, the number of days for safe production of double-cropping rice is the total number of days from the safe sowing period of early rice seedling raising to the safe maturity period of late rice. The definition and calculation method of the safe sowing period of early rice seedling raising and the safe maturity period of late rice are referred to in "Ai Zhiyong, Guo Xiayu, Liu Wenxiang, et al. Variation of safe production dates of double-cropping rice in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2014, 40(07): 1320-1329".

[0053] In this article, the annual growing season is the total number of days from the sowing of the first rice crop to the harvest of the second rice crop.

[0054] It should be understood that although this specification is described according to various embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This way of describing the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0055] The detailed descriptions listed above are merely specific descriptions of feasible embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent implementation schemes or modifications made without departing from the spirit of the present invention, such as combinations, divisions or repetitions of features, should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for selecting ratooning rice varieties suitable for mechanized planting and harvesting, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S10: Mechanized planting and harvesting of several ratooning rice varieties were carried out, and the yield and quality indicators of the first and second season rice of each ratooning rice variety were tested to obtain the yield and quality indicators of the first and second season rice. The yield indicators included yield, number of effective panicles per unit area, number of spikelets per panicle, seed setting rate and thousand-grain weight. The quality indicators included brown rice rate, milled rice rate, head rice rate and chalkiness. S20: Calculate the regeneration production potential of each ratooning rice variety using formula (1). P=(EP H ×GN H ×FR H ×TW H ) / (EP R ×GN R ×FR R ×TW R ) formula (1), Where: P represents the potential for regeneration, EP R GN represents the number of effective panicles per unit area for the first-season rice crop. R FR is the number of spikelets per panicle of first-season rice. R For the first-season rice grain filling rate, TW R For the first season rice thousand-grain weight, EP H GN represents the number of effective panicles per unit area in ratooning rice. H FR is the number of spikelets per panicle of ratooning rice. H For the seed setting rate of ratooning rice, TW H The weight of 1,000 grains of ratooning rice; S30: Calculate the membership function values ​​of yield, brown rice rate, milled rice rate, head rice rate, and chalkiness of the first and second crop rice of each ratooning rice variety, and calculate the membership function value of the ratooning production potential of each ratooning rice variety. For yield, brown rice rate, milled rice rate, head rice rate, and ratooning production potential, linear positive index membership function is used to calculate the membership function value, and for chalkiness, linear negative index membership function is used to calculate the membership function value. S40: Calculate the mechanized planting and harvesting optimization index of each ratooning rice variety in the target planting area using formula (2). Formula (2), Where K is the optimal index for mechanized planting and harvesting of each ratooning rice variety in the target planting area, and A (X)i Let be the membership function value of the i-th index, where the index includes the yield of the first and second crop rice, brown rice rate, milled rice rate, head rice rate, and chalkiness of each ratooning rice variety, as well as the ratooning production potential of each ratooning rice variety. TGP is the annual growth period experienced by each ratooning rice variety in S10 during mechanized planting and harvesting; and S50: Sort several ratooning rice varieties in the target planting area according to their mechanization planting and harvesting optimization index from largest to smallest, select the ratooning rice varieties with the mechanization planting and harvesting optimization index in the top preset percentage, and identify them as the ratooning rice varieties of the target planting area.

2. The method for selecting ratooning rice varieties suitable for mechanized planting and harvesting as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The mechanized planting and harvesting in S10 includes the following steps: Disinfect and sterilize the seeds, sow and raise seedlings in late March, and transplant them by mechanization when the seedlings grow to the 3-leaf and 1-heart stage. The row spacing for transplanting is 25cm to 30cm and the plant spacing is 12cm to 16cm. After the first crop of rice matures, it is harvested mechanically. Ten days before harvest, fertilizer to promote bud break is applied and the field is kept moist. After harvest, shallow irrigation and fertilizer to promote seedling growth are applied promptly. After the ratooning rice matures, it is harvested mechanically.

3. The method for selecting ratooning rice varieties suitable for mechanized planting and harvesting as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The first crop of rice is harvested using low-stubble harvesting, where the stubble height is 15cm to 30cm.

4. The method for selecting ratooning rice varieties suitable for mechanized planting and harvesting as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The first crop of rice is harvested using a narrow-track combine harvester. During the harvesting process, when the narrow-track combine harvester harvests the last row, one side of the track overlaps with the crushing mark from the previous row.

5. The method for identifying ratooning rice varieties suitable for mechanized planting and harvesting as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The water is poured in shallow water to make the water layer reach 1cm to 2cm.

6. The method for selecting ratooning rice varieties suitable for mechanized planting and harvesting as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In S10, the number of safe production days for double-cropping rice in the experimental area where several ratooning rice varieties are planted and harvested mechanically is less than or equal to the number of safe production days for double-cropping rice in the target planting area.

7. The method for identifying ratooning rice varieties suitable for mechanized planting and harvesting as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In S50, the preset percentage is 50%, wherein the top 25% of ratooning rice varieties are identified as the main varieties promoted for ratooning rice in the target planting area, and the top 25% to 50% of ratooning rice varieties are identified as alternative varieties for ratooning rice in the target planting area.

Images