Three-dimensional symbiotic planting method for tea trees and kiwi fruits

Abstract

The invention discloses a tea tree and kiwi fruit three-dimensional symbiotic planting method which comprises the following steps: S1, selecting a proper tea tree planting variety which is suitable for growing under a kiwi fruit frame; s2, the intercropping planting density of the kiwi fruit trees and the tea trees is determined; and S3, establishing a management technology system for long-term mutual symbiosis of the kiwi fruit trees and the tea trees, and ensuring healthy growth and product safety of the kiwi fruits and the tea trees. The method has the advantage that resources are fully utilized, the problems that in the existing tea tree and kiwi fruit planting process, symbiotic planting of the two plants is inconvenient, consequently, part of land cannot be utilized, and full play of agricultural resources is affected are solved, the unit area land utilization rate can be effectively increased, and economic benefits are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural planting, and in particular to a three-dimensional symbiotic planting method of tea trees and kiwifruit. Background Art

[0002] The area south of the Yangtze River is suitable for growing tea and kiwifruit, but the two are usually grown separately. This means that the same piece of land is either planted with tea or kiwifruit, resulting in a large amount of land not being fully utilized. Local agricultural resources such as light, heat, water, and air have not been used efficiently. In addition, the current land policy restricts the development of large-scale industries. In order to make more effective use of land resources, considering that tea trees can grow under forests, tea trees can be planted under kiwifruit trees. Tea is picked around Qingming Festival, when kiwifruit has just sprouted, providing sufficient sunlight for tea trees. In summer, kiwifruit shades tea trees and blocks the scorching sun, allowing tea trees to harvest tea twice more in summer and autumn. In November and December in winter, when kiwifruit is pruned, 70% of the sunlight directly shines on the tea trees, which is conducive to the development of tea buds in winter. At the same time, winter fertilization of kiwifruit provides sufficient nutrients and warm conditions for tea trees. In addition, kiwifruit's water and fertilizer management several times a year also promotes the growth of tea trees throughout the year. This approach of combining two traditional advantageous industries not only reduces the management costs of each, but also gives full play to the efficiency of the land, with economic benefits significantly higher than single crop cultivation.

[0003] The existing tea and kiwi fruit planting process is not convenient for symbiotic planting of the two plants, resulting in part of the land being unusable, affecting the full utilization of agricultural resources. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a three-dimensional symbiotic planting method of tea trees and kiwifruit, which has the advantage of fully utilizing resources and solves the problem that in the existing process of planting tea trees and kiwifruit, it is inconvenient to symbiotically plant the two plants, resulting in part of the land being unable to be utilized, affecting the full utilization of agricultural resources. The invention can effectively improve the land utilization rate per unit area and enhance economic benefits.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for three-dimensional symbiotic planting of tea trees and kiwifruit, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1. Choose the right tea tree variety, which is suitable for growing under the kiwifruit rack;

[0007] S2. Determine the intercropping density of kiwifruit trees and tea trees;

[0008] S3. Establish a management technology system for the long-term mutual coexistence of kiwifruit trees and tea trees to ensure the healthy growth of kiwifruit and tea trees.

[0009] As a preferred method for three-dimensional symbiotic planting of tea trees and kiwifruit of the present invention, the variety of the tea trees is Shaanxi Tea No. 1 or Longjing 13.

[0010] As a preferred method for three-dimensional symbiotic planting of tea trees and kiwifruit of the present invention, the kiwifruit is planted at a spacing of 2-3 meters, a spacing of 3-4 meters in rows, and a height of 1.8 meters in the planting frame.

[0011] As a preferred method for three-dimensional symbiotic planting of tea trees and kiwifruit of the present invention, the tea trees are planted in double rows between the planting intervals of kiwifruit, with a planting spacing of 20 cm and a planting row spacing of 40 cm.

[0012] As a preferred method for three-dimensional symbiotic planting of tea trees and kiwifruit of the present invention, when the tea trees are planted in a garden with a slope exceeding 15°, the tea trees are transplanted by digging holes along the slope, and the rows of tea trees are parallel to the rows of kiwifruit.

[0013] As a preferred method for three-dimensional symbiotic planting of tea trees and kiwifruit of the present invention, the management technology system includes a green pest control system and a fertilizer application system.

[0014] As a preferred method for three-dimensional symbiotic planting of tea trees and kiwifruit of the present invention, the green pest control system includes an ecological monitoring and early warning platform, a physical barrier and a pesticide application system. The ecological monitoring and early warning platform includes an intelligent sensor network, pest and disease monitoring equipment and a data analysis and early warning module. The intelligent sensor network detects the temperature, humidity and light intensity environmental parameters in the plantation, the pest and disease monitoring equipment detects the pest data in the plantation, the data analysis and early warning module receives and analyzes the detected environmental data and pest data, and establishes a pest and disease prediction model based on the analysis data to issue early warning information.

[0015] As a preferred method for three-dimensional symbiotic planting of tea trees and kiwifruit of the present invention, the pest monitoring equipment includes an insect trap, a spore catcher and an image recognition system. The insect trap includes an attractant core, a catcher and a protective cover. The attractant core is installed inside the catcher. The attractant core contains ingredients for attracting pests. The catcher captures the attracted pests. The protective cover prevents non-target organisms from entering by mistake and protects the attractant core from weather influences. The pests are monitored by capturing the pests. The spore catcher includes an air intake unit, a filter medium and a sample collector. The air intake unit inhales air into the filter medium through a fan. The filter medium intercepts tiny spore particles carried in the air. The sample collector stores the intercepted tiny spore particles. By detecting the tiny spore particles, possible diseases are monitored. The image recognition system uses a high-definition camera to shoot the planting environment. The shot images are transmitted to the recognition module. The machine learning model inside the recognition module identifies different types of pests and calculates their density to monitor the pests.

[0016] As a preferred method for three-dimensional symbiotic planting of tea trees and kiwifruit of the present invention, the fertilizer application system includes an intelligent fertilizer ratio module, a water-fertilizer integrated irrigation system, a precision fertilization management system and a soil detection system. The intelligent fertilizer ratio module ratios and mixes different types of fertilizers according to the needs of tea trees and kiwifruit trees for nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium at different growth stages. The mixed fertilizers enter the water-fertilizer integrated irrigation system. The water-fertilizer integrated irrigation system directly transports water and dissolved fertilizers to the vicinity of the roots of tea trees and kiwifruit trees through sprinkler irrigation facilities to improve water and fertilizer utilization. The precision fertilization management system divides different fertilization areas according to the actual layout of tea trees and kiwifruit trees to ensure that each area can receive targeted nutrient supply. The soil detection system tests the trace elements in the soil to understand the soil fertility status, and uses leaf analysis equipment to monitor the nutritional status of the plants. The intelligent fertilizer ratio module adjusts the fertilization plan according to the test results to ensure that the tea trees and kiwifruit trees obtain the most suitable nutrient supply.

[0017] As a preferred method for three-dimensional symbiotic planting of tea trees and kiwifruit of the present invention, the intelligent fertilizer proportioning module includes several independent storage bins, weighing screw feeders, mixers, dissolving tanks, filters and delivery pumps. The independent storage bins store fertilizers. The weighing screw feeders weigh the fertilizers in the independent storage bins and then deliver them to the mixer. The mixer evenly mixes a variety of different fertilizers. The mixed fertilizers enter the dissolving tank. The dissolving tank adds water to the solid fertilizers and stirs them to form a liquid fertilizer solution. The filter filters impurities and particulate matter in the fertilizer solution to prevent subsequent sprinkler irrigation facilities from being blocked. The delivery pump delivers the filtered fertilizer solution to the water-fertilizer integrated system for irrigation.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. The present invention utilizes kiwifruit to construct a green ecological facility barrier for the growth of tea trees, thereby creating a symbiotic environment in which tea and kiwifruit grow in a coordinated manner and seek benefits and avoid harm. This can effectively overcome the difficulties of less land and insufficient labor in mountainous areas, organically combine the two major industries in mountainous areas, make full use of space, and significantly improve the economic benefits of the industry per unit area. The growth of tea trees eliminates the problem of weeds in kiwifruit gardens, while increasing the amount of tea trees picked in summer, providing excellent raw materials for making green tea and black tea and winning the appropriate time for making green tea and black tea.

[0020] 2. The present invention fully utilizes the vertical space by planting kiwifruit and tea trees on the same land at the same time, which significantly improves the land utilization rate per unit area compared with single crop planting. After pruning kiwifruit in winter, more sunlight is given to tea trees, which promotes the development of tea buds in spring; in summer, kiwifruit provides appropriate shade for tea trees, extending the picking period of tea leaves.

[0021] 3. The present invention forms a natural green barrier by utilizing kiwi fruit as the upper layer plant, improves the lighting conditions of the tea trees, especially provides necessary shade in summer, reduces the impact of direct sunlight on the tea trees, and creates a microclimate environment that is conducive to the common prosperity of the two crops through reasonable planting density and layout. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the process of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] See also Figure 1 A method for three-dimensional symbiotic planting of tea trees and kiwifruit comprises the following steps:

[0024] S1. Choose the right tea tree variety, which is suitable for growing under the kiwifruit rack;

[0025] S2. Determine the intercropping density of kiwifruit trees and tea trees;

[0026] S3. Establish a management technology system for the long-term mutual coexistence of kiwifruit trees and tea trees to ensure the healthy growth of kiwifruit and tea trees.

[0027] Furthermore, the variety of the tea tree is Shaanxi Tea No. 1 or Longjing 13.

[0028] Furthermore, the kiwifruit planting distance is 2-3 meters, the planting row distance is 3-4 meters, and the planting frame height is 1.8 meters.

[0029] Furthermore, tea trees were planted in double rows between kiwifruit plantings, with a planting distance of 20 cm and a planting row distance of 40 cm.

[0030] Furthermore, when tea trees are planted in a garden with a slope exceeding 15°, the trees are transplanted by digging holes in the direction of the slope, with the rows of tea trees parallel to the rows of kiwifruit.

[0031] Furthermore, the management technology system includes a green pest and disease control system and a fertilizer application system.

[0032] By planting kiwifruit and tea trees on the same land, full use is made of vertical space, which significantly improves the land utilization rate per unit area compared to single crop planting. After winter pruning, kiwifruit allows more sunlight to the tea trees, promoting the development of tea buds in spring; in summer, kiwifruit provides appropriate shade for the tea trees, extending the tea picking period.

[0033] As an upper layer plant, kiwifruit forms a natural green barrier, which improves the light conditions of tea trees, especially provides necessary shade in summer and reduces the impact of direct sunlight on tea trees. Through reasonable planting density and layout, a microclimate environment conducive to the common prosperity of the two crops is created.

[0034] By utilizing existing irrigation, fertilization and other infrastructure, the cost of duplicate construction has been reduced. The unified green pest and disease control system and fertilizer application system have simplified management work and reduced labor input. The use of green pest and disease control technology and precise fertilization management system has reduced the use of chemical pesticides and fertilizers and protected the ecological environment.

[0035] Furthermore, the green pest control system includes an ecological monitoring and early warning platform, physical barriers and pesticide application systems. The ecological monitoring and early warning platform includes an intelligent sensor network, pest and disease monitoring equipment and a data analysis and early warning module. The intelligent sensor network detects the temperature, humidity and light intensity environmental parameters in the plantation. The pest and disease monitoring equipment detects the pest data in the plantation. The data analysis and early warning module receives and analyzes the detected environmental data and pest data, and establishes a pest and disease prediction model based on the analysis data to issue early warning information.

[0036] Furthermore, the pest and disease monitoring equipment includes an insect trap, a spore catcher and an image recognition system. The insect trap includes a lure core, a catcher and a protective cover. The lure core is installed inside the catcher. The lure core contains ingredients that attract pests. The catcher captures the lured pests. The protective cover prevents non-target organisms from accidentally entering and protects the lure core from weather influences. Pests are monitored by capturing pests. The spore catcher includes an air intake unit, a filter medium and a sample collector. The air intake unit draws air into the filter medium through a fan. The filter medium intercepts tiny spore particles carried in the air. The sample collector stores the intercepted tiny spore particles. By detecting the tiny spore particles, possible diseases are monitored. The image recognition system uses a high-definition camera to shoot the planting environment. The captured images are transmitted to the recognition module. The machine learning model inside the recognition module identifies different types of pests and calculates their density to monitor pests.

[0037] Furthermore, the fertilizer application system includes an intelligent fertilizer ratio module, a water-fertilizer integrated irrigation system, a precision fertilization management system and a soil detection system. The intelligent fertilizer ratio module ratios and mixes different types of fertilizers according to the needs of tea trees and kiwi trees for nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium at different growth stages. The mixed fertilizers enter the water-fertilizer integrated irrigation system. The water-fertilizer integrated irrigation system directly transports water and dissolved fertilizers to the vicinity of the roots of tea trees and kiwi trees through sprinkler facilities, thereby improving the utilization rate of water and fertilizer. The precision fertilization management system divides different fertilization areas according to the actual layout of tea trees and kiwi trees to ensure that each area can receive targeted nutrient supply. The soil detection system tests the trace elements in the soil to understand the soil fertility status, and uses leaf analysis equipment to monitor the nutritional status of the plants. The intelligent fertilizer ratio module adjusts the fertilization plan according to the test results to ensure that the tea trees and kiwi trees obtain the most suitable nutrient supply.

[0038] Furthermore, the intelligent fertilizer proportioning module includes several independent storage bins, weighing screw feeders, mixers, dissolving tanks, filters and delivery pumps. The independent storage bins store fertilizers. The weighing screw feeders weigh the fertilizers in the independent storage bins and then deliver them to the mixer. The mixer evenly mixes a variety of different fertilizers. The mixed fertilizers enter the dissolving tank. The dissolving tank adds water to the solid fertilizers and stirs them to form a liquid fertilizer solution. The filter filters impurities and particulate matter in the fertilizer solution to prevent subsequent sprinkler irrigation facilities from being blocked. The delivery pump delivers the filtered fertilizer solution to the water-fertilizer integrated system for irrigation.

[0039] The ecological monitoring and early warning platform can monitor environmental parameters and pest and disease conditions in real time, use data analysis and early warning modules to establish prediction models, issue early warning information, and help farmers take timely measures to avoid large-scale outbreaks of pests and diseases. Through early detection and intervention of pests and diseases, crop losses caused by pests and diseases can be significantly reduced.

[0040] Selectively controlling pest populations while protecting natural enemies and other non-target organisms helps maintain the balance of agricultural ecosystems. High-definition cameras combined with machine learning algorithms enable automated pest identification and density calculation, improving monitoring efficiency and accuracy and reducing labor costs.

[0041] The intelligent fertilizer ratio module accurately adjusts fertilizer ingredients according to crop needs, ensuring that tea trees and kiwi trees can obtain the most suitable nutrients at different growth stages. Reasonable nutrient supply promotes healthy growth of crops and improves yield and product quality.

[0042] Water and dissolved fertilizers are directly delivered to the vicinity of the roots, which improves the utilization rate of water and fertilizer and reduces waste. Different fertilization areas are divided through the precision fertilization management system to avoid excessive fertilization and reduce energy consumption and carbon emissions.

[0043] Regular soil testing and adjusting fertilization plans based on the test results can help maintain good soil structure, increase soil organic matter content, and promote microbial activity.

[0044] When existing kiwifruit and tea trees are planted, their growth is not connected, their respective growth habits are not fully utilized, and the tea leaves do not stay tender in summer, resulting in underutilized agricultural resources. Some current tea garden managers plant trees or add shade nets to reduce direct sunlight in summer, affecting the quality of tea, resulting in the fact that tea leaves are basically not picked in summer and autumn, and the high-yield and high-efficiency capabilities of tea trees cannot be demonstrated.

[0045] By taking advantage of the harmonious growing environment conditions of kiwifruit and tea trees and the similarity of their respective needs for soil, light, heat, water and air, from an ecological perspective, the problem of tea trees preferring scattered light and fearing strong light is solved in a biological way, thereby extending the good growth time of tea trees, producing more and better quality tea, improving land utilization and increasing income.

[0046] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for three-dimensional symbiotic planting of tea trees and kiwifruit, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Choose the right tea tree variety, which is suitable for growing under the kiwifruit rack; S2. Determine the intercropping density of kiwifruit trees and tea trees; S3. Establish a management technology system for the long-term mutual coexistence of kiwifruit trees and tea trees to ensure the healthy growth of kiwifruit and tea trees.

2. A method for three-dimensional symbiotic planting of tea trees and kiwifruit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The variety of the tea tree is Shaanxi Tea No. 1 or Longjing 13.

3. The method for three-dimensional symbiotic planting of tea trees and kiwifruit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The kiwifruit is planted at a distance of 2-3 meters, a row distance of 3-4 meters, and a planting frame height of 1.8 meters.

4. The method for three-dimensional symbiotic planting of tea trees and kiwifruit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tea trees are planted in double rows between the kiwi fruit planting intervals, with a planting distance of 20 cm and a planting row distance of 40 cm.

5. The method for three-dimensional symbiotic planting of tea trees and kiwifruit according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the tea trees are planted in a garden with a slope exceeding 15°, the tea trees are transplanted by digging holes in the direction of the slope, and the direction of the tea tree rows is parallel to the direction of the kiwi fruit rows.

6. The method for three-dimensional symbiotic planting of tea trees and kiwifruit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The management technology system includes a green pest control system and a fertilizer application system.

7. A method for three-dimensional symbiotic planting of tea trees and kiwifruit according to claim 6, characterized in that: The green pest control system includes an ecological monitoring and early warning platform, a physical barrier and a pesticide application system. The ecological monitoring and early warning platform includes an intelligent sensor network, pest and disease monitoring equipment and a data analysis and early warning module. The intelligent sensor network detects the temperature, humidity and light intensity environmental parameters in the plantation. The pest and disease monitoring equipment detects the pest data in the plantation. The data analysis and early warning module receives and analyzes the detected environmental data and pest data, and establishes a pest and disease prediction model based on the analysis data to issue early warning information.

8. The method for three-dimensional symbiotic planting of tea trees and kiwifruit according to claim 7, characterized in that: The pest monitoring equipment includes an insect trap, a spore catcher and an image recognition system. The insect trap includes an attractant core, a catcher and a protective cover. The attractant core is installed inside the catcher. The attractant core contains ingredients that attract pests. The catcher captures the attracted pests. The protective cover prevents non-target organisms from accidentally entering and protects the attractant core from weather influences. The pests are monitored by capturing pests. The spore catcher includes an air intake unit, a filter medium and a sample collector. The air intake unit draws air into the filter medium through a fan. The filter medium intercepts tiny spore particles carried in the air. The sample collector stores the intercepted tiny spore particles. By detecting the tiny spore particles, possible diseases are monitored. The image recognition system uses a high-definition camera to shoot the planting environment. The shot images are transmitted to the recognition module. The machine learning model inside the recognition module identifies different types of pests and calculates their density to monitor the pests.

9. The method for three-dimensional symbiotic planting of tea trees and kiwifruit according to claim 8, characterized in that: The fertilizer application system includes an intelligent fertilizer ratio module, a water-fertilizer integrated irrigation system, a precision fertilization management system and a soil detection system. The intelligent fertilizer ratio module ratios and mixes different types of fertilizers according to the needs of tea trees and kiwi trees for nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium at different growth stages. The mixed fertilizers enter the water-fertilizer integrated irrigation system. The water-fertilizer integrated irrigation system directly transports water and dissolved fertilizers to the vicinity of the roots of tea trees and kiwi trees through sprinkler irrigation facilities to improve the utilization rate of water and fertilizer. The precision fertilization management system divides different fertilization areas according to the actual layout of tea trees and kiwi trees to ensure that each area can receive targeted nutrient supply. The soil detection system tests the trace elements in the soil to understand the soil fertility status, and uses leaf analysis equipment to monitor the nutritional status of the plants. The intelligent fertilizer ratio module adjusts the fertilization plan according to the test results to ensure that the tea trees and kiwi trees obtain the most suitable nutrient supply.

10. A method for three-dimensional symbiotic planting of tea trees and kiwifruit according to claim 9, characterized in that: The intelligent fertilizer proportioning module includes a plurality of independent storage bins, a weighing screw feeder, a mixer, a dissolving tank, a filter and a delivery pump. The independent storage bin stores fertilizers. The weighing screw feeder weighs the fertilizers in the independent storage bin and then delivers them to the mixer. The mixer evenly mixes a variety of different fertilizers. The mixed fertilizers enter the dissolving tank. The dissolving tank adds water to the solid fertilizer and stirs it to form a liquid fertilizer solution. The filter filters impurities and particulate matter in the fertilizer solution to prevent subsequent sprinkler irrigation facilities from being blocked. The delivery pump delivers the filtered fertilizer solution to the water-fertilizer integration system for irrigation.

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