Factory-like synchronous circulating production method for potato seedlings and micro potato seeds

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of potato breeding, in particular to a potato seedling and micro potato seed factory-like synchronous cycle production method, which comprises the following steps: taking the top end of a potato plant for rooting culture to obtain a potato seedling with a new root, performing seedling culture to obtain a potato seedling, shearing the top end, and performing rooting culture of the next cycle. The plants with the top ends sheared are seedlings without the top ends, and the seedlings with the top ends not sheared are used for conventional cultivation and production of potatoes. And carrying out axillary bud induction or tuberization culture on the apical-end-free seedlings according to the demand quantity in actual production. After the axillary buds are cultured, the axillary buds are sheared for rooting culture of the next cycle. The method comprises the following steps: picking top-free seedlings subjected to tuberization culture until minituber is mature, grading according to the size of potato blocks, taking big potatoes as minituber seed potatoes for conventional cultivation and production of potatoes, accelerating germination of the remaining minituber seed potatoes, cutting buds as new potato plant top ends, and carrying out rooting culture of the next cycle. The technical problems existing in the breeding process of the virus-free potatoes are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of potato breeding, and in particular to a method for factory-based synchronous circulation production of potato seedlings and micro-seed potatoes. Background Art

[0002] There are two main ways to breed virus-free potatoes: one is to use tissue culture to obtain potato seedlings, and use the seedlings as seedlings for greenhouse planting. The other is to use aeroponics or substrate culture to obtain potato mini-tubers, and use the mini-tubers as seed potatoes for greenhouse or field cultivation.

[0003] The production of existing tissue culture seedlings is mainly carried out in sterile tissue culture rooms, which is costly and technical, requiring matching aseptic operation equipment and a large number of professional and technical workers, and the tissue culture seedlings grow in tissue culture bottles, and the seedlings are relatively thin and weak. The production of micro-seed potatoes is mainly carried out in greenhouses, and the production is one-time production, which cannot be cyclically produced, and is restricted by seasons. The time when micro-seed potatoes can be harvested each year is limited, and the harvest time does not match the planting time. When planting, the emergence of seedlings is often poor due to reasons such as premature germination or dormancy of seed potatoes. Taking Sichuan as an example, potatoes can be planted in spring, autumn and winter in plain and hilly areas, and two seasons of production are planted in autumn after planting in the plateau mountainous areas in the spring or in the spring. The annual planting time is mainly February-March, August-September and December, but seed potatoes can only be harvested in April-May, August-September and November-December each year, and the dormancy period of different potato seed potatoes is different. The dormancy period of early-maturing varieties is about 50-100 days, and the dormancy period of medium and late-maturing varieties is about 100-150 days. For example, if seed potatoes are planted for harvest in April and May, if the planting time is August and September, the interval between planting and harvesting is 90-150 days. Early-maturing varieties are prone to sprouting too early due to the long interval, and medium- and late-maturing varieties are prone to late emergence due to the short interval, both of which will affect the growth and yield of the plants. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present application provides a method for the factory-scale synchronous circulation production of potato seedlings and micro-seed potatoes, so as to solve the technical problems in the prior art of virus-free potato breeding, such as high technical requirements, high costs, poor seedling quality and the inability to produce cyclically due to restrictions such as seasonal environment.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for factory-scale synchronous circulation production of potato seedlings and micro-seed potatoes, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1. Rooting culture

[0007] Cut the top of a potato plant of 6 to 8 cm, soak it in a mixture of a rooting agent A and a rooting agent B without hormones, and then fix the top of the potato plant on a planting board, the planting board is placed on an opaque plastic box, the plastic box contains a 100-fold dilution of the rooting agent C, 1 to 2 cm below the top of the planting plant needs to contact the liquid surface of the 100-fold dilution of the rooting agent C, and cultivate roots in an environment of 20 to 24° C., 16 h / d of light duration, and a light intensity of not less than 3500 lx (the same for seedling cultivation, tuber cultivation, axillary bud induction, etc.);

[0008] S2. Seedling cultivation

[0009] After 4-7 days of rooting culture, potato seedlings are obtained, the diluted solution of the rooting agent C is replaced with the improved seedling culture nutrient solution, and the seedlings are cultured at 20-24° C. and with a light duration of 16 h / d. During the culture, oxygen is introduced into the nutrient solution, and the nutrient solution is replaced every 15 days during the seedling culture;

[0010] S3. Tuber culture

[0011] After the potato plant seedlings are cultured for 30 days or when the plant height is more than 20 cm, potato seedlings are obtained, the top 6-8 cm of the plant is cut off for rooting culture, and the top seedlings without tops are cut off for tuber culture or axillary bud induction culture; during tuber culture, the seedling culture nutrient solution is replaced with an improved tuber culture nutrient solution, and the tubers are cultured in an environment of 18-22° C. and a light duration of 16 h / d to obtain potato microtubers; during culture, a water pump is connected to the nutrient solution, a spray head is set up at the root of the plant, and the nutrient solution is transported to the spray head by the water pump to spray the root with the nutrient solution, and the spraying is performed once every 7 minutes for 20 seconds each time. During tuber culture, the nutrient solution is replaced every 10 days;

[0012] S4. Axillary bud induction

[0013] After the potato seedlings are cultured for 30 days or when the plant height is more than 20 cm, potato seedlings are obtained, and the top 6-8 cm of the plant is cut off for rooting culture. The seedlings without the top that have been cut off can be used for tuber culture or axillary bud induction; during axillary bud induction, the seedling culture nutrient solution is replaced with an improved axillary bud induction nutrient solution, and the potato seedlings with axillary buds are cultured in an environment of 20-24° C. and a light duration of 16 h / d to obtain potato seedlings with axillary buds; oxygen is introduced into the nutrient solution during the culture; during axillary bud induction, the nutrient solution is replaced every 10 days; the axillary buds of the potato seedlings with axillary buds are cut off and rooting culture is performed again;

[0014] S5, potato germination

[0015] The potato mini-tubers are graded to obtain mini-tuber seed potatoes and mini-tuber small potatoes; the mini-tuber small potatoes are germinated by a temperature and drug combined treatment method to obtain small potatoes with sprouts; direct sunlight is avoided during the germination; the young shoots of the small potatoes with sprouts are cut and rooting culture is performed again.

[0016] Optionally, the rooting agent A is a 0.03‰ hydrogen peroxide solution, the rooting agent B is solid ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, and the rooting agent C is a mixture of 21.78 g / L potassium nitrate and 1.64 g / L diammonium phosphate solution.

[0017] Optionally, the mixing ratio of the mixed solution of the rooting agent A and the rooting agent B is 0.5 g of rooting agent B per liter of rooting agent A.

[0018] Optionally, the top of the potato plant is immersed in the mixed solution of the rooting agent A and the rooting agent B for 10 minutes.

[0019] Optionally, the improved seedling culture nutrient solution is a nutrient solution with a concentration of 1 / 5, and its phosphorus content is 2-2.5 times that of the 1 / 5 Hoagland formula.

[0020] Optionally, the improved tuber culture nutrient solution is 1 / 2 concentration Hoagland's nutrient solution, and its phosphorus content is adjusted to 1.4 times that of the 1 / 2 Hoagland's formula, and its potassium content is adjusted to 2.2 times that of the 1 / 2 Hoagland's formula.

[0021] Optionally, the axillary bud induction nutrient solution is 1 / 2 concentration Hoagland's nutrient solution, and its phosphorus and potassium contents are adjusted to 1.6 times of the 1 / 2 Hoagland's formula.

[0022] Optionally, the method of combined temperature and agent treatment is specifically performed as follows: after washing and drying the harvested micro-tubers, store them in a 4-6°C environment for 10 days, then soak them in a 0.1% sodium metabisulfite solution for 1 hour, store them in a 30-37°C environment for 10 days, and then store them in a 20-24°C environment until they germinate.

[0023] The above technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present application has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0024] The embodiment of the present application provides a method for synchronous and circular production of potato seedlings and micro-seed potatoes in a factory. (1) It does not require strict aseptic operation, is simple to operate, has a lower cost than tissue culture seedlings, and the seedlings are also more robust. After being planted in a greenhouse, the stress resistance and yield of the plants are also improved to a certain extent. (2) The present invention carries out factory production under an artificially controlled environment, and the quality and yield of micro-seed potatoes are more stable. Moreover, it can realize uninterrupted circular production all year round as needed, without being restricted by seasons and local climate and environment. (3) The present invention realizes synchronous production, circular production, and factory production of seedlings and micro-seed potatoes through improvements in cultivation layout, planting methods, nutritional regulation, and drug regulation. The production process does not require a strict aseptic environment and realizes open production. It is not restricted by seasons and climate and environment and realizes year-round production. Moreover, the production of seedlings and seed potatoes in different time periods can be controlled according to actual production needs and dormancy characteristics of the variety, thereby solving the problems of high cost, thin seedlings, mismatch between seed potato harvesting time and planting time, and inability to realize year-round circular production in existing production technologies. (4) No hormones are used in the entire production process, including the rooting stage, germination stage, and growth stage, thus avoiding the harm caused by plant hormones in conventional rooting agents and germination agents. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 This is a flow chart for conventional tissue culture seedling production;

[0026] Figure 2 The present invention is a seedling production flow chart;

[0027] Figure 3 Cultivate distribution maps for the plant;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a comparison diagram of the embodiment and the tissue culture seedling. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In one embodiment of the present application, a method for synchronously circulating the production of potato seedlings and miniature seed potatoes in an industrial scale comprises the following steps:

[0030] S1. Rooting culture

[0031] Cut the top of a potato plant of 6 to 8 cm, soak it in a mixture of a rooting agent A and a rooting agent B without hormones, and then fix the top of the plant on a planting board, the planting board is placed on an opaque plastic box, and the plastic box contains a 100-fold dilution of the rooting agent C. The lower 1-2 cm of the top of the planting plant needs to contact the liquid surface of the 100-fold dilution of the rooting agent C, and cultivate roots in an environment of 20-24° C. and a light duration of 16 h / d;

[0032] S2. Seedling cultivation

[0033] After 4-7 days of rooting culture, potato seedlings are obtained, the diluted solution of the rooting agent C is replaced with the improved seedling culture nutrient solution, and the seedlings are cultured at 20-24° C. and with a light duration of 16 h / d. During the culture, oxygen is introduced into the nutrient solution, and the nutrient solution is replaced every 15 days during the seedling culture;

[0034] S3. Tuber culture

[0035] After the potato plant seedlings are cultured for 30 days or when the plant height is more than 20 cm, potato seedlings are obtained, the top 6-8 cm of the plant is cut off for rooting culture, and the top seedlings without tops are cut off for tuber culture or axillary bud induction culture; during tuber culture, the seedling culture nutrient solution is replaced with an improved tuber culture nutrient solution, and the tubers are cultured in an environment of 18-22° C. and a light duration of 16 h / d to obtain potato microtubers; during culture, a water pump is connected to the nutrient solution, a spray head is set up at the root of the plant, and the nutrient solution is transported to the spray head by the water pump to spray the root with the nutrient solution, and the spraying is performed once every 7 minutes for 20 seconds each time. During tuber culture, the nutrient solution is replaced every 10 days;

[0036] S4. Axillary bud induction

[0037] After the potato seedlings are cultured for 30 days or when the plant height is more than 20 cm, potato seedlings are obtained, and the top 6-8 cm of the plant is cut off for rooting culture. The seedlings without the top that have been cut off can be used for tuber culture or axillary bud induction; during axillary bud induction, the seedling culture nutrient solution is replaced with an improved axillary bud induction nutrient solution, and the potato seedlings with axillary buds are cultured in an environment of 20-24° C. and a light duration of 16 h / d to obtain potato seedlings with axillary buds; oxygen is introduced into the nutrient solution during the culture; during axillary bud induction, the nutrient solution is replaced every 10 days; the axillary buds of the potato seedlings with axillary buds are cut off and rooting culture is performed again;

[0038] S5, potato germination

[0039] The potato mini-tubers are graded to obtain mini-tuber seed potatoes and mini-tuber small potatoes; the mini-tuber small potatoes are germinated by a temperature and drug combined treatment method to obtain small potatoes with sprouts; direct sunlight is avoided during the germination; the young shoots of the small potatoes with sprouts are cut and rooting culture is performed again.

[0040] In the present application, the top of the potato plant is taken for rooting culture, and the plant grows into a potato seedling with new roots after about 4-7 days of cultivation, and seedling culture is carried out. After about 30 days of cultivation, the plant grows into a potato seedling with a plant height of more than 20 cm, and the potato seedling is cut off the top, so as to obtain a new potato plant top for rooting culture in the next cycle. The plant without the top after cutting off the top is a topless seedling, and the seedling without cutting off the top is a potato virus-free seedling. The virus-free seedling can be used for conventional cultivation and production of potato. The topless seedling carries out the next step of axillary bud induction or tuber cultivation according to the demand in actual production. When the axillary bud is cultivated to the time when the axillary bud of the potato plant grows to about 8 cm, the axillary bud can be cut off as the new potato plant top for rooting culture in the next cycle. The potatoes grown for tuber cultivation can be picked when the top seedlings grow to mature microtubers. After picking, they are graded according to the size of the tubers. The large potatoes can be used as microtuber seed potatoes for conventional potato cultivation and production, and the remaining microtuber small potatoes are germinated. When the sprouts grow to about 8 cm, the young sprouts are cut off as the tops of new potato plants for the next cycle of rooting culture.

[0041] As an optional embodiment, the rooting agent A is a 0.03‰ hydrogen peroxide solution, the rooting agent B is solid ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, and the rooting agent C is a mixture of 21.78g / L potassium nitrate and 1.64g / L diammonium phosphate solution. The combined action of the rooting agent A and the rooting agent B plays an excellent role in inducing rooting, and the rooting agent C provides nutrients suitable for rooting. Under the combined action of the three, a better rooting effect is achieved.

[0042] As an optional embodiment, the mixing ratio of the mixed solution of the rooting agent A and the rooting agent B is 0.5 g of the rooting agent B per liter of the rooting agent A. The mixing ratio of the rooting agent A and the rooting agent B is further optimized to further improve the rooting effect.

[0043] As an optional embodiment, the top of the potato plant is immersed in the mixed solution of the rooting agent A and the rooting agent B for 10 minutes. The soaking time is optimized to further improve the rooting effect.

[0044] As an optional embodiment, the improved seedling culture nutrient solution is a nutrient solution with a concentration of 1 / 5, and its phosphorus content is 2-2.5 times that of the 1 / 5 Hoagland formula; the improved tuber culture nutrient solution is a 1 / 2 concentration Hoagland nutrient solution, and its phosphorus content is adjusted to 1.4 times that of the 1 / 2 Hoagland formula, and its potassium content is adjusted to 2.2 times that of the 1 / 2 Hoagland formula; the axillary bud induction nutrient solution is a 1 / 2 concentration Hoagland nutrient solution, and its phosphorus and potassium contents are both adjusted to 1.6 times that of the 1 / 2 Hoagland formula. The nutrition required by potato plants in the seedling stage is less than that required in the later growth stage. Therefore, when performing soilless cultivation of potatoes, the concentration of the nutrient solution used in the seedling stage is usually less than the concentration of the nutrient solution used in the later growth stage. In addition, potatoes are potassium-requiring plants, so the content of phosphorus and potassium elements is increased when potatoes are planted.

[0045] As an optional embodiment, the method of temperature-medicine combined treatment is specifically operated as follows: after washing and drying the harvested micro-tubers, place them in a 4-6°C environment for 10 days, then soak them in a 0.1% sodium metabisulfite solution for 1 hour, place them in a 30-37°C environment for 10 days, and then store them in a 20-24°C environment until they germinate. Soaking in sodium metabisulfite solution effectively reduces the weight loss rate of stored micro-tubers, and at the same time can increase the germination rate of micro-tubers stored for 50 days compared to micro-tubers that have not been treated with sodium metabisulfite. Combined with the temperature change treatment, the micro-tubers germinate faster and the buds are longer, and the bud length required for the rooting culture of the present invention can be achieved earlier.

[0046] Test Example 1

[0047] Experimental study on rooting nutrient solution. Using naphthylacetic acid, a conventional rooting agent, as the rooting agent, the lower part of the top of the potato virus-free seedlings was soaked in the rooting agent. The experiment was set up with 3 replicates, 80 plants in each replicate, and the conventional operation (rooting with clean water) was used as the control to compare the effects of 5 rooting nutrient solutions on rooting. Among them, treatment 4 (a mixture of 21.78g / L potassium nitrate and 1.64g / L diammonium phosphate solution, i.e. rooting agent C) had the best rooting effect. On the 10th day, the rooting rate reached 100%, 2 days earlier than the control, and the root length reached 11.63cm on the 30th day, an increase of 32.3% over the control. See the table below for details:

[0048] Table 1: Rooting nutrient solution test treatment settings

[0049]

[0050] Table 2: Rooting rate data table of rooting nutrient solution test

[0051]

[0052] Table 3: Root length data table of rooting nutrient solution test

[0053]

[0054]

[0055] Test Example 2

[0056] Rooting agent experimental study. Based on the rooting nutrient solution experimental study, the rooting effect of hydrogen peroxide as a rooting soaking agent in C-agent rooting nutrient solution was studied. The experiment set up 3 replicates, each replicate had 80 plants, and the conventional rooting soaking agent naphthylacetic acid was used as the control. The effects of hydrogen peroxide on rooting at different concentrations were compared. Among them, treatment 3 (0.03‰ hydrogen peroxide solution, i.e. rooting agent A) had the best rooting effect, with a rooting rate of 100% on the 6th day, 4 days earlier than the control; the root length reached 12.63cm on the 30th day, an increase of 7.7% over the control. See the table below for details:

[0057] Table 4: Rooting agent test treatment setting table

[0058] Processing number Processing recipe 1 0.1g / L Naphthaleneacetic acid 2 0.003‰ Hydrogen peroxide 3 0.03‰ Hydrogen peroxide 4 0.3‰ Hydrogen peroxide 5 3‰ Hydrogen peroxide 6 30‰ Hydrogen peroxide 7 300‰ Hydrogen peroxide

[0059] Table 5: Rooting rate data table of rooting agent test

[0060]

[0061] Table 6: Root length data table of rooting agent test

[0062]

[0063]

[0064] Test Example 3

[0065] Experimental study on composite rooting agent. Based on the experimental study on rooting nutrient solution and rooting agent, the rooting effect of composite rooting agent with different ratios of hydrogen peroxide and ferrous sulfate heptahydrate as rooting soaking agent in rooting agent C was studied. The experiment set up 3 replicates, 80 plants in each replicate, and used 0.03‰ hydrogen peroxide solution as the control to compare the rooting effects of rooting agents with different ratios of hydrogen peroxide and ferrous sulfate heptahydrate. Among them, treatment 1 (0.5g ferrous sulfate heptahydrate was added to each liter of 0.03‰ hydrogen peroxide solution, that is, 0.5g rooting agent B was added to each liter of rooting agent A) had the best rooting effect, with a rooting rate of 100% on the 4th day, 3 days earlier than the control. The root length reached 17.21cm on the 30th day, an increase of 52.2% over the control.

[0066] See the table below for details:

[0067] Table 7: Compound rooting agent test treatment setting table

[0068] Processing number Treatment solution formulation 1 Add 0.50g of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate to each liter of 0.03‰ hydrogen peroxide solution 2 Add 1.00g of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate per liter of 0.03‰ hydrogen peroxide solution 3 Add 0.25g of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate to each liter of 0.03‰ hydrogen peroxide solution 4 Add 1.50g of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate to each liter of 0.03‰ hydrogen peroxide solution 5 Add 0.15g of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate to each liter of 0.03‰ hydrogen peroxide solution 6 0.03‰ hydrogen peroxide solution

[0069] Table 8: Rooting rate data table of compound rooting agent test

[0070]

[0071]

[0072] Table 9: Root length data table of compound rooting agent test

[0073]

[0074] Test Example 4

[0075] Rooting verification test of virus-free test tube seedlings of different varieties of potato: Using the composite rooting agent composed of rooting agent A and rooting agent B as the rooting soaking agent (immersion time is 10min), and rooting agent C as the rooting nutrient solution, 12 potato varieties were selected, and the rooting verification test was carried out under the conditions of light intensity of 3500-4000lx, light duration of 16h / d, and ambient temperature of 22±2℃. The test was set up with 3 replicates, each with 300 plants. Oxygen was introduced into the nutrient solution during the rooting period to maintain the oxygen concentration greater than 3mg / L. The rooting rate was measured on the 7th day of growth, and the rooting rate of the 12 potato varieties could reach more than 98%. See the table below for details:

[0076] Table 10: Rooting data of virus-free test tube seedlings of different varieties of potatoes

[0077] variety Favorita Mira Chapote Black Beauty Cooperation 88 Anshu56 Rooting rate (%) 100 98.6 98.7 99.2 99.4 99.6 variety Sichuan taro breakfast Sichuan Taro No.5 Sichuan taro No. 6 Dashu No.1 Taro No.4 Taro No.6 Rooting rate (%) 100 99.3 98.8 100 99.7 99.6

[0078] Test Example 5

[0079] Combined treatment of temperature and chemicals promotes germination of seed potatoes

[0080] (1) Study on the effect of sodium metabisulfite on the storage of mini potatoes

[0081] The experiment set up 4 treatments (see Table 11 below for details), 3 replicates per treatment, 100 mini-tubers per replicate, and the weight loss rate and germination rate of mini-tubers were measured after 50 days (see Table 12 below for results). Sodium metabisulfite can effectively reduce the weight loss rate of stored mini-tubers, and at the same time, it can increase the germination rate of mini-tubers stored for 50 days compared with those not treated with sodium metabisulfite.

[0082] Table 11: Processing settings table

[0083]

[0084]

[0085] Table 12: Test results

[0086] Processing number 50-day weight loss rate 50-day germination rate 1 1.26％ 0％ 2 1.06％ 24％ 3 2.34％ 95％ 4 1.61％ 100％

[0087] (2) Effects of temperature change combined with sodium metabisulfite treatment on storage germination of mini-tuber

[0088] The experiment set up 6 treatments (see Table 13 below for details), 3 repetitions per treatment, 100 microtubers per repetition, and the germination rate of microtubers was measured after 50 days, and the germination rate and bud length of microtubers were measured after 150 days (see Table 14 below for the results). Treatment 6 (storage temperature 4-6°C for 10 days → soaking in 0.1% sodium pyrosulfite solution for 1 hour → storage temperature 30-37°C for 10 days → storage temperature 20-24°C) The germination rate can reach 100% after 50 days of storage, and the average bud length can reach 6.37 cm after 150 days. Compared with the other treatments, the germination is faster and the bud length is longer, and the bud length required for the rooting culture of the present invention can be reached earlier.

[0089] Table 13: Processing settings table

[0090]

[0091] Table 14: Test results

[0092] Processing number 50-day germination rate 150-day germination rate 150 days sprout length (cm) 1 19％ 52％ 0.37 2 62％ 100％ 3.73 3 81％ 100％ 5.12 4 95％ 100％ 4.95 5 71％ 100％ 4.71 6 100％ 100％ 6.37

[0093] Example 1

[0094] A method for synchronously circulating the production of potato seedlings and miniature seed potatoes in an industrial scale comprises the following steps:

[0095] S1. Rooting culture

[0096] Cut off the top of the potato plant of 6-8 cm, soak it in a mixture of rooting agent A and rooting agent B without hormone for 10 minutes, and the soaking depth is enough to immerse 1-2 axillary buds below the top; then fix the top of the potato plant on a planting board, and the planting board is placed on an opaque plastic box, and the plastic box contains a 100-fold dilution of rooting agent C. The bottom 1-2 cm of the planting top needs to contact the liquid surface of the 100-fold dilution of rooting agent C, and the top of the potato plant is placed on a planting board. 00-4000lx, 16h / d of light duration, and cultivating roots; the rooting agent A is 0.03‰ hydrogen peroxide solution, the rooting agent B is solid ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, and the rooting agent C is a mixture of 21.78g / L potassium nitrate and 1.64g / L diammonium phosphate solution; the mixing ratio of the mixed solution of the rooting agent A and the rooting agent B is 0.5g of the rooting agent B per liter of the rooting agent A; the oxygen concentration is maintained at more than 3mg / L;

[0097] S2. Seedling cultivation

[0098] After 4-7 days of rooting culture, potato seedlings are obtained, the diluted solution of the rooting agent C is replaced with an improved seedling culture nutrient solution, and the seedlings are cultured under an environment of 20-24° C. and a light duration of 16 h / d. During the culture, oxygen is introduced into the nutrient solution, and the nutrient solution is replaced every 15 days during seedling culture; the improved seedling culture nutrient solution is a nutrient solution with a concentration of 1 / 5, and its phosphorus content is 2-2.5 times that of the 1 / 5 Hoagland formula; the oxygen concentration is maintained at greater than 3 mg / L;

[0099] S3. Tuber culture

[0100] After 30 days of potato seedling cultivation or when the plant height is more than 20 cm, potato seedlings are obtained, the top 6-8 cm of the plant is cut off for rooting culture, and the top seedlings without tops are cut off for tuber cultivation or axillary bud induction culture; during tuber cultivation, the seedling culture nutrient solution is replaced with an improved tuber culture nutrient solution, and the tubers are cultured in an environment of 18-22° C. and a light duration of 16 h / d to obtain potato microtubers; during cultivation, a water pump is connected to the nutrient solution, a spray head is set up at the root of the plant, and the nutrient solution is transported to the spray head by the water pump to spray the root with the nutrient solution, spraying once every 7 minutes, each spraying for 20 seconds, and the nutrient solution is replaced every 10 days during tuber cultivation; the improved tuber culture nutrient solution is a 1 / 2 concentration Hoagland nutrient solution, and its phosphorus content is adjusted to 1.4 times that of the 1 / 2 Hoagland formula, and its potassium content is adjusted to 2.2 times that of the 1 / 2 Hoagland formula; the oxygen concentration is maintained at more than 6 mg / L;

[0101] S4. Axillary bud induction

[0102] After the potato plant seedlings are cultured for 30 days or when the plant height is more than 20 cm, potato seedlings are obtained, and the top 6-8 cm of the plant is cut off for rooting culture. The seedlings without the top that have been cut off can be used for tuber culture or axillary bud induction; during axillary bud induction, the seedling culture nutrient solution is replaced with an improved axillary bud induction nutrient solution, and the potato seedlings with axillary buds are cultured under an environment of 20-24° C. and a light duration of 16 h / d to obtain potato seedlings with axillary buds; oxygen is introduced into the nutrient solution during culture; the nutrient solution is replaced every 10 days during axillary bud induction; the axillary buds of the potato seedlings with axillary buds are cut off for rooting culture again; the axillary bud induction nutrient solution is a 1 / 2 concentration Hoagland nutrient solution, and its phosphorus and potassium contents are adjusted to 1.6 times that of the 1 / 2 Hoagland formula; the oxygen concentration is maintained at greater than 3 mg / L;

[0103] S5, potato germination

[0104] The potato mini-tubers are graded to obtain mini-tuber seed potatoes and mini-tuber small potatoes; the mini-tuber small potatoes are germinated by a temperature-medicine combined treatment method; the harvested mini-tuber small potatoes are washed and dried, stored in a 4-6°C environment for 10 days, then soaked in a 0.1% sodium metabisulfite solution for 1 hour, stored in a 30-37°C environment for 10 days, and then stored in a 20-24°C environment until they germinate to obtain mini-tuber with sprouts; direct sunlight is avoided during germination; the young shoots of the mini-tuber with sprouts are cut and rooting culture is performed again.

[0105] Comparative Example 1

[0106] The conventional tissue culture seedling production process is used to cultivate seedlings. For specific procedures, see Figure 1 .

[0107] Table 15: Comparison of tissue culture seedling costs between Example and Comparative Example

[0108]

[0109]

[0110] Table 16: Comparison of seedlings of Example and Comparative Example

[0111]

[0112] The production method of the embodiment was used to conduct a seed potato production test on 12 varieties of potatoes. The test was set up with 3 repetitions, each with 300 plants. After 100 days, seed potatoes with a single potato weight of >1g were harvested and counted. See Table 17 for details.

[0113] Table 17: Quality and yield data of different potato varieties

[0114]

[0115]

[0116] It can be seen from the above table that one or more technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0117] (1) The production method of the present application has the best rooting effect for seedling production, shortens the rooting time, improves production efficiency, and at the same time reduces technical requirements and reduces production costs.

[0118] (2) The production method of the present application is suitable for the production of potato seedlings of different varieties, all of which have excellent rooting rates.

[0119] (3) The production method of the present application effectively reduces the weight loss rate of stored mini-tubers and improves seedling quality and seed potato yield.

[0120] (4) The production method of the present application is not affected by the environment and can achieve year-round uninterrupted synchronous production, circular production, and factory production of seedlings and micro-seed potatoes.

Claims

1. A method for synchronously circulating the production of potato seedlings and miniature seed potatoes in an industrial scale, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Rooting culture Cut the top of the potato plant, soak it in a mixture of rooting agent A and rooting agent B without hormones, and then fix the top of the potato plant on a planting plate for rooting cultivation. The planting plate is placed on an opaque plastic box, and the plastic box contains a diluted solution of rooting agent C. The lower part of the planting top needs to contact the liquid surface of the diluted solution of rooting agent C. S2. Seedling cultivation After the rooting culture, potato seedlings are obtained, the diluted solution of the rooting agent C is replaced with an improved seedling culture nutrient solution, and the potato seedlings are cultured in the improved seedling culture nutrient solution, and oxygen is introduced into the nutrient solution during the culture; S3. Tuber culture potato seedlings are obtained by culturing potato plants, the top of the plants are cut off and transferred to rooting culture, and the top seedlings without tops are cut off for tuber culture or axillary bud induction culture; during tuber culture, the seedling culture nutrient solution is replaced with an improved tuber culture nutrient solution, and potato microtubers are obtained by culturing in the improved tuber culture nutrient solution; during culture, a water pump is connected to the nutrient solution, a spray head is set up at the root of the plant, and the nutrient solution is transported to the spray head by the water pump to spray the nutrient solution on the root; S4. Axillary bud induction potato seedlings are obtained by culturing potato plants, the top of the plants are cut off and transferred to rooting culture, and the seedlings without the top of the plant are cut off for tuber culture or axillary bud induction; during axillary bud induction, the seedling culture nutrient solution is replaced with an improved axillary bud induction nutrient solution, and potato seedlings with axillary buds are cultured in the improved axillary bud induction nutrient solution; oxygen is introduced into the nutrient solution during the culture; the axillary buds of the potato seedlings with axillary buds are cut off and rooting culture is performed again; S5, potato germination The potato mini-tubers are graded to obtain mini-tuber seed potatoes and mini-tuber small potatoes; the mini-tuber small potatoes are germinated by a temperature and drug combined treatment method to obtain small potatoes with sprouts; direct sunlight is avoided during the germination; the young shoots of the small potatoes with sprouts are cut and rooting culture is performed again.

2. The method for synchronously circulating potato seedlings and miniature seed potatoes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rooting agent A is a 0.03‰ hydrogen peroxide solution, the rooting agent B is solid ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, and the rooting agent C is a mixture of 21.78 g / L potassium nitrate and 1.64 g / L diammonium phosphate solution.

3. The method for synchronously circulating potato seedlings and miniature seed potatoes according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mixing ratio of the mixed solution of the rooting agent A and the rooting agent B is 0.5 g of the rooting agent B per liter of the rooting agent A.

4. The method for synchronously circulating potato seedlings and miniature seed potatoes in an industrial scale according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top of the potato plant is immersed in the mixed solution of the rooting agent A and the rooting agent B for 10 minutes.

5. The method for synchronously circulating potato seedlings and miniature seed potatoes in an industrial scale according to claim 1, characterized in that: The improved seedling culture nutrient solution is a nutrient solution with a concentration of 1 / 5, and its phosphorus content is 2-2.5 times that of the 1 / 5 Hoagland formula.

6. The method for synchronously circulating potato seedlings and miniature seed potatoes in an industrial scale according to claim 1, characterized in that: The improved tuber culture nutrient solution is a 1 / 2 concentration Hoagland nutrient solution, and its phosphorus content is adjusted to 1.4 times of the 1 / 2 Hoagland formula, and its potassium content is adjusted to 2.2 times of the 1 / 2 Hoagland formula.

7. The method for synchronously circulating potato seedlings and miniature seed potatoes in an industrial scale according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axillary bud induction nutrient solution is a 1 / 2 concentration Hoagland nutrient solution, and its phosphorus and potassium contents are adjusted to 1.6 times of the 1 / 2 Hoagland formula.

8. The method for synchronously circulating potato seedlings and miniature seed potatoes in an industrial scale according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific operation of the temperature-agent combined treatment method is: after washing and drying the harvested micro-tuber, store it in a 4-6°C environment for 10 days, then soak it in a 0.1% sodium metabisulfite solution for 1 hour, store it in a 30-37°C environment for 10 days, and then store it in a 20-24°C environment until germination.

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