Special environment-friendly compound feed for improving body color of pseudosciaena crocea for deep-sea net cages and preparation method of special environment-friendly compound feed

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of aquaculture, in particular to a special environment-friendly compound feed for improving the body color of pseudosciaena crocea for deep-sea net cages and a preparation method thereof. The invention discloses environment-friendly compound feed. Comprising the following preparation raw materials: 60-70 parts of a marine biological protein source, 10-15 parts of low-fat vegetable oil, 20-22 parts of soybean meal, 2-4 parts of soybean oil, 4-7 parts of fish oil, 1-2 parts of soybean lecithin, 1-2 parts of L-lysine, 8-11 parts of a Chinese herbal medicine extract, 1-2 parts of a natural plant extract pigment, 8-12 parts of a gardenia jasminoides ellis extracting solution, 4-6 parts of carboxymethylcellulose and 2-3 parts of a mineral premix. 3 to 5 parts of vitamin premix, 1 to 2 parts of choline chloride and 0.8 to 1.1 parts of probiotics. The feed not only can improve the color and growth performance of fish bodies, but also can improve immunity, optimize water quality, improve muscle quality and increase survival rate. Due to the characteristics, the feed becomes an ideal choice for large-scale culture of large yellow croakers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of aquaculture, and in particular to an environmentally friendly compound feed for improving the body color of large yellow croaker specially used in deep-sea cages and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] At present, in the deep-sea cage farming model, due to the difference in nutrients and natural conditions, the body color of yellow croaker is often light, which directly affects its commodity value and consumer acceptance. The traditional yellow croaker farming feed formula is difficult to effectively improve this situation. There are mainly the following problems: first, the formula lacks effective utilization of specific pigment raw materials, resulting in limited improvement in fish color; second, the existing feed processing technology fails to fully consider the yellow croaker's demand for specific nutrients, especially the uniqueness in pigment absorption and conversion; third, the increase in environmental awareness has prompted the industry to seek new ways to reduce the use of chemical additives, while most feeds on the market still contain a high proportion of artificial synthetic pigments and other chemicals, which is not conducive to sustainable development.

[0003] In the face of these problems, although the industry has explored some solutions, such as adding specific natural pigment sources and adjusting the protein and fat content, these measures often only solve part of the problem and fail to fully balance the relationship between fish health, color performance and environmental protection. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a new feed that can effectively improve the color of fish, promote the growth of yellow croaker, and be eco-friendly. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present application provides an environmentally friendly compound feed for improving the body color of large yellow croaker specially used in deep-sea cages and a preparation method thereof. The environmentally friendly compound feed for improving the body color of large yellow croaker specially used in deep-sea cages prepared by the present application can improve the body color of the fish, making the body color bright and natural, improve the growth performance, and reduce the feed coefficient. In addition, the environmentally friendly compound feed for improving the body color of large yellow croaker specially used in deep-sea cages prepared by the application significantly promotes the growth of large yellow croaker, can fully meet the nutritional and health needs of fish, has comprehensive nutrition, increases appetite, regulates the metabolism of fish, and enhances the ability to resist stress and disease, and is widely applicable to large-scale breeding of large yellow croaker. The present application can regulate the intestinal microbial flora of large yellow croaker by adding probiotics to the feed of large yellow croaker. After the large yellow croaker ingests the probiotics, the probiotics can promote the absorption of intestinal nutrients and improve immunity, while optimizing water quality and promoting the growth of large yellow croaker. By adding natural plant extract pigments and yellow gardenia extract, the water pollution problem caused by traditional feed is solved, and at the same time, the goal of improving the body color of large yellow croaker is achieved, the growth performance and muscle quality are improved, and the breeding efficiency and economic benefits are improved. By adding Chinese herbal medicine extracts, the growth of large yellow croaker can be promoted, the immunity and anti-stress ability can be enhanced, the quality of large yellow croaker can be improved, and the survival rate of large yellow croaker can be significantly improved. The body color of large yellow croaker can be improved together with the natural plant extract pigments and yellow gardenia extract, and the body color of large yellow croaker is bright and natural.

[0005] In the first aspect, the present application provides an environmentally friendly compound feed for deep-sea cages to improve the body color of large yellow croaker, which adopts the following technical solution: An environmentally friendly compound feed for improving the body color of large yellow croaker specially used in deep-sea cages, comprising the following raw materials by weight: 60-70 parts of marine biological protein source, 10-15 parts of low-fat vegetable oil, 20-22 parts of soybean meal, 2-4 parts of soybean oil, 4-7 parts of fish oil, 1-2 parts of soybean lecithin, 1-2 parts of L-lysine, 8-11 parts of Chinese herbal medicine extract, 1-2 parts of natural plant extract pigment, 8-12 parts of yellow gardenia extract, 4-6 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, 2-3 parts of mineral premix, 3-5 parts of vitamin premix, 1-2 parts of choline chloride, and 0.8-1.1 parts of probiotics. The low-fat vegetable oil is at least one of peanut oil, rapeseed oil and corn oil.

[0006] By adopting the above technical scheme, the marine biological protein source: mainly composed of Antarctic krill meal, chlorella powder, spirulina powder and tilapia meal, provides the high-quality protein source required by large yellow croaker, while helping to maintain the health and growth of the fish. Low-fat vegetable oil and soybean oil: provide essential fatty acids, which are helpful for the fat metabolism and growth of fish. Soybean meal: rich in protein and essential amino acids, is an important source of nutrition for fish growth. Fish oil: provides ω-3 fatty acids, which are beneficial to the immune system and nervous system of fish. Soy lecithin: helps to improve the stability and digestion and absorption rate of feed. L-lysine: is an essential amino acid, which is essential for fish growth and bone development. Chinese herbal medicine extract: has the effect of enhancing immunity and anti-stress ability, and may help to improve the growth rate and quality of fish. Natural plant extract pigment and yellow gardenia extract: provide natural pigments, improve the body color of fish, and yellow gardenia extract also has the effects of lowering blood sugar, lowering blood lipids, improving sleep, protecting liver, etc. Carboxymethyl cellulose: as a binder and stabilizer for feed, it helps to disperse and stabilize feed in water. Mineral premix and vitamin premix: provide essential minerals and vitamins to ensure the normal physiological function and health of fish. Choline chloride: as an energy supplement, it helps to increase the energy density of feed. Probiotics: help to regulate the intestinal microbial flora of fish, promote the absorption of nutrients, improve immunity, and optimize water quality. These components work together to not only provide various nutrients required for the growth of large yellow croaker, but also promote the healthy growth and body color improvement of large yellow croaker by regulating intestinal microorganisms, improving water quality, and enhancing immunity. In addition, the use of natural plant extract pigments and gardenia extract also solves the problem of water pollution that may be caused by traditional feeds, and improves breeding efficiency and economic benefits.

[0007] Preferably, the marine biological protein source is prepared by mixing Antarctic krill powder, chlorella powder, spirulina powder and tilapia powder in a mass ratio of 5:7:13:40-45.

[0008] Preferably, the Chinese herbal medicine extract comprises the following preparation raw materials, by weight: 10-15 parts of Scutellaria baicalensis, 7-9 parts of Cnidium monnieri, 12-16 parts of Sophora flavescens, 18-20 parts of Marigold, 10-13 parts of Rhubarb, 3-6 parts of Panax notoginseng, 7-8 parts of Coptis chinensis, 1-2 parts of Honeysuckle, 12-16 parts of Citrus reticulatae, 7-8 parts of Poria cocos, and 250-280 parts of water.

[0009] Preferably, the preparation method of the plant extract is to mix Scutellaria baicalensis, Cnidium monnieri, Sophora flavescens, Marigold, Rhubarb, Panax notoginseng, Coptis chinensis, Honeysuckle, Tangerine peel, Poria cocos and water according to their weight proportions, then boil for 4-5 hours, and filter to obtain the filtrate, which is the plant extract.

[0010] By adopting the above technical scheme, the main function of Chinese herbal extracts is to promote the growth of large yellow croaker, enhance immunity and anti-stress ability, improve the quality of large yellow croaker, and significantly improve the survival rate of large yellow croaker. Specifically, Huangling has the effects of clearing heat and detoxifying, drying dampness and stopping diarrhea; Cnidium monnieri has the effects of killing insects and relieving itching, warming the kidney and strengthening yang; Sophora flavescens has the effects of clearing heat and drying dampness, killing insects and relieving itching; Marigold has the effects of clearing heat and detoxifying, promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis; Rhubarb has the effects of clearing heat and purging fire, detoxifying and laxative; Panax notoginseng has the effects of promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, and relieving pain; Coptis chinensis has the effects of clearing heat and drying dampness, purging fire and detoxifying; Honeysuckle has the effects of clearing heat and detoxifying, and cooling blood; Tangerine peel has the effects of regulating qi and strengthening the spleen, drying dampness and removing phlegm; Poria has the effects of strengthening the spleen and removing dampness, and calming the mind. The combined effects of these Chinese herbal ingredients can effectively improve the body color of large yellow croaker, making its body color bright and natural, while improving its growth performance and quality.

[0011] Preferably, the mineral premix contains 0.48g sodium selenite, 0.5g magnesium sulfate, 6.9g zinc sulfate, 6.75g manganese sulfate, 5.2g calcium iodate, 0.9g ferrous sulfate, 1.96g calcium lactate, 1.65g yeast selenium, 0.35g copper sulfate, 0.3g cobalt chloride, and the rest is zeolite powder per kilogram.

[0012] Preferably, the vitamin premix consists of vitamin K3, vitamin A, vitamin D3, vitamin E, vitamin B1, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, pantothenic acid, vitamin C, folic acid and corn protein powder in a mass ratio of 1-3:5-6:2-4:6-8:1-3:7-9:12-15:6-8:1-3:0.6-0.8:3000.

[0013] Preferably, the natural plant extract pigment is prepared by mixing α-carotene, β-carotene, γ-carotene, δ-carotene and curcumin in a mass ratio of 1-4:5-6:2-4:6-8:20-25.

[0014] By adopting the above technical scheme, by adding natural plant extract pigments, the body color of large yellow croaker can be made more vivid and natural, and its ornamental value and market competitiveness can be improved. The nutrients in natural plant extract pigments help the growth of large yellow croaker, promote its healthy development, and increase growth rate and feed conversion rate. The antioxidant components in natural plant extract pigments can remove free radicals, reduce the impact of oxidative stress on large yellow croaker, and improve its immunity and disease resistance. The active ingredients in natural plant extract pigments can help regulate water quality, reduce the content of harmful substances in water bodies, and are beneficial to the growth and reproduction of large yellow croaker. Natural plant extract pigments work together with other raw materials such as Chinese herbal medicine extracts and yellow gardenia extracts to form an environmentally friendly compound feed with multiple functions. This feed can not only improve the body color of large yellow croaker, but also promote its growth, enhance immunity, optimize water quality and other aspects, providing strong support for large-scale breeding of large yellow croaker.

[0015] Preferably, the probiotics are composed of Lactobacillus rhamnosus and EM bacterial liquid in a mass ratio of 5:8-10.

[0016] By adopting the above technical scheme, Lactobacillus rhamnosus and EM bacterial liquid work together on the intestinal microbial environment of large yellow croaker, which helps to maintain the balance of intestinal microbial flora. This balance is essential for the absorption of nutrients and the improvement of immunity. Lactobacillus rhamnosus can decompose complex carbohydrates in the intestine and convert them into easily absorbed forms, thereby improving the absorption rate of nutrients in the feed. At the same time, the lactic acid bacteria and yeast in the EM bacterial liquid can also promote the absorption of nutrients. Lactobacillus rhamnosus and probiotics in the EM bacterial liquid can stimulate the immune system of large yellow croaker and enhance its disease resistance. The microorganisms in the EM bacterial liquid can decompose organic matter in the water and reduce the production of harmful substances, thereby improving water quality. By improving the absorption rate of nutrients and the activity of intestinal digestive enzymes, probiotics can promote the growth of large yellow croaker and improve the utilization efficiency of feed. In general, the ratio of Lactobacillus rhamnosus and EM bacterial liquid in feed can effectively regulate the intestinal microbial flora, promote the absorption of nutrients, improve immunity, optimize water quality, and promote the growth of large yellow croaker, thereby improving the breeding efficiency and economic benefits of large yellow croaker.

[0017] Preferably, the preparation method of the gardenia jasminoides extract is as follows: raw gardenia jasminoides is crushed by a pulverizer, and then baked at 100°C for 5-6h, and the dried gardenia jasminoides is crushed again, and passed through a 300-mesh sieve to obtain gardenia jasminoides powder; 100 parts of gardenia jasminoides powder and 500 parts of pure water are weighed according to mass parts, mixed, heated to 95°C, stirred for 3-4h, filtered, and an extract is obtained; finally, the extract is centrifuged at a temperature of 4°C and a centrifugal speed of 8000r / min for 8min, and the supernatant is taken to obtain the gardenia jasminoides extract.

[0018] By adopting the above technical scheme, the gardenia extract is rich in gardenia yellow pigment, which is a natural pigment with excellent coloring effect. By adding the gardenia extract, the body color of the large yellow croaker can be significantly improved, making it more vivid and natural, and improving its market competitiveness and ornamental value. As a natural pigment, gardenia yellow pigment not only has a good coloring effect, but is also safe and non-toxic, and is harmless to the environment and the health of the large yellow croaker. Gardenia yellow pigment also has a variety of health benefits such as lowering blood sugar, lowering blood lipids, improving sleep, and protecting the liver. These characteristics help to improve the overall health level of the large yellow croaker and promote its growth and development. The gardenia yellow pigment in the gardenia extract can significantly improve the body color of the fish, while improving the growth performance and muscle quality of the large yellow croaker. This helps to improve breeding efficiency and economic benefits. The gardenia extract and probiotics work together to regulate the intestinal microbial flora of the large yellow croaker, promote the absorption and utilization of nutrients, improve immunity, and optimize water quality, thereby promoting the growth and health of the large yellow croaker. Chinese herbal extracts can promote the growth of large yellow croaker, enhance immunity and anti-stress ability, and improve the quality of large yellow croaker. Working together with Gardenia jasminoides extract, it can further improve the body color of large yellow croaker, making it more vivid and natural. The active ingredients in natural plant extract pigments can scavenge free radicals, reduce the impact of oxidative stress on large yellow croaker, and improve its immunity and disease resistance. Working together with Gardenia jasminoides extract, it can further improve the growth performance and muscle quality of large yellow croaker.

[0019] In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing an environmentally friendly compound feed for deep-sea cages to improve the body color of large yellow croaker, using the following technical solution: As a general technical concept, the present application also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned environmentally friendly compound feed for improving the body color of large yellow croaker for deep-sea cages, comprising the following steps: The components in the formula are mixed evenly according to the mass fraction to obtain a mixed material, which is dried to a water content of ≤20% to obtain an environmentally friendly compound feed specially used for deep-sea cages to improve the body color of large yellow croaker.

[0020] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. Improve the body color of the fish: By adding yellow gardenia extract and natural plant extract pigments, the body color of the yellow croaker becomes more vivid and natural. This not only improves the market value of the yellow croaker, but also increases its ornamental value. 2. Improve growth performance: The marine biological protein source, low-fat vegetable oil, meal, soybean oil, fish oil and other ingredients in the feed provide rich nutrition, promote the growth of large yellow croaker, and reduce the feed coefficient.

[0021] 3. Enhance immunity and disease resistance: The addition of probiotics regulates the intestinal microbial flora of large yellow croaker, promotes the absorption of nutrients, and improves immunity. Chinese herbal extracts further enhance the large yellow croaker's anti-stress and disease resistance.

[0022] 4. Optimize water quality: Probiotics not only contribute to the health of yellow croaker, but also optimize the breeding environment, reduce water pollution, and are beneficial to the survival of yellow croaker.

[0023] 5. Improve economic benefits: By improving the body color and growth performance of large yellow croaker, the survival rate is increased, and ultimately the breeding efficiency and economic benefits are improved. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with the examples, but those skilled in the art will understand that the following examples are only used to illustrate the present application and should not be considered to limit the scope of the present application. If the specific conditions are not specified in the examples, they are carried out under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used without indicating the manufacturer are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially. The EM bacterial solution contains complex Bacillus (subtilis spores, licheniformis spores, aquatic Bacillus), lactic acid bacteria and yeast. The effective live bacteria content in the EM bacterial solution is ≥12 billion CFU / mL, which was purchased from Weihai Gold Medal Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0025] In the following examples and preparation examples, 1 part means 100 g.

[0026] Preparation Example 1 Preparation of plant extract The Chinese herbal medicine extract comprises the following raw materials, by weight: 13 parts of Scutellaria baicalensis, 8 parts of Cnidium monnieri, 14 parts of Sophora flavescens, 19 parts of Marigold, 12 parts of Rhubarb, 5 parts of Panax notoginseng, 7 parts of Coptis chinensis, 1 part of Honeysuckle, 14 parts of Tangerine peel, 8 parts of Poria, and 270 parts of water. The preparation method of the plant extract is to mix Scutellaria baicalensis, Cnidium monnieri, Sophora flavescens, Marigold, Rhubarb, Panax notoginseng, Coptis chinensis, Honeysuckle, Tangerine peel, Poria and water, by weight, and then boil for 4.5 hours, and filter to obtain the filtrate, which is the plant extract.

[0027] Preparation Example 2 Preparation of Gardenia jasminoides extract The preparation method of the gardenia jasminoides extract is as follows: raw gardenia jasminoides is crushed by a pulverizer, and then baked at 100°C for 6 hours, and the dried gardenia jasminoides is crushed again, and passed through a 300-mesh sieve to obtain gardenia jasminoides powder; 100 parts of gardenia jasminoides powder and 500 parts of pure water are weighed according to mass parts, mixed, heated to 95°C and stirred for 4 hours, filtered, and an extract is obtained; finally, the extract is centrifuged at a temperature of 4°C and a speed of 8000r / min for 8 minutes, and the supernatant is taken to obtain the gardenia jasminoides extract.

[0028] Example 1 An environmentally friendly compound feed for improving the body color of large yellow croaker specially used in deep-sea cages comprises the following raw materials by weight: 60 parts of marine biological protein source, 10 parts of corn oil, 20 parts of soybean meal, 2 parts of soybean oil, 4 parts of fish oil, 1 part of soybean lecithin, 1 part of L-lysine, 8 parts of Chinese herbal medicine extract, 1 part of natural plant extract pigment, 8 parts of gardenia extract, 4 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, 2 parts of mineral premix, 3 parts of vitamin premix, 1 part of choline chloride, and 0.8 parts of probiotics. The marine biological protein source is prepared by mixing Antarctic krill powder, chlorella powder, spirulina powder and tilapia powder in a weight ratio of 5:7:13:40. The mineral premix contains 0.48g of sodium selenite, 0.5g of magnesium sulfate, 6.9g of zinc sulfate and 6.7g of manganese sulfate per kilogram. 5g, calcium iodate 5.2g, ferrous sulfate 0.9g, calcium lactate 1.96g, yeast selenium 1.65g, copper sulfate 0.35g, cobalt chloride 0.3g, and the rest are zeolite powder, the vitamin premix consists of vitamin K3, vitamin A, vitamin D3, vitamin E, vitamin B1, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, pantothenic acid, vitamin C, folic acid and corn protein powder in a mass ratio of 1:5:2:6:1:7:12:6:1:0.6:3000, the natural plant extract pigment is prepared by mixing α-carotene, β-carotene, γ-carotene, δ-carotene and curcumin in a mass ratio of 1:5:2:6:20, and the probiotics are composed of Lactobacillus rhamnosus and EM bacterial solution in a mass ratio of 5:8; The method for preparing the above-mentioned environmentally friendly compound feed for improving the body color of large yellow croaker specially used in deep-sea cages comprises the following steps: The components in the formula are evenly mixed according to the mass fraction to obtain a mixed material, which is dried to a water content of 18% to obtain an environmentally friendly compound feed specially used for deep-sea cages to improve the body color of large yellow croaker.

[0029] Example 2 An environmentally friendly compound feed for improving the body color of large yellow croaker specially used in deep-sea cages comprises the following raw materials by weight: 70 parts of marine biological protein source, 15 parts of corn oil, 22 parts of soybean meal, 4 parts of soybean oil, 7 parts of fish oil, 2 parts of soybean lecithin, 2 parts of L-lysine, 11 parts of Chinese herbal medicine extract, 2 parts of natural plant extract pigment, 12 parts of yellow gardenia extract, 6 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, 3 parts of mineral premix, 5 parts of vitamin premix, 2 parts of choline chloride, and 1.1 parts of probiotics. The marine biological protein source is prepared by mixing Antarctic krill powder, chlorella powder, spirulina powder and tilapia powder in a weight ratio of 5:7:13:45. The mineral premix contains 0.48g of sodium selenite, 0.5g of magnesium sulfate, 6.9g of zinc sulfate and 6.7g of manganese sulfate per kilogram. 5g, calcium iodate 5.2g, ferrous sulfate 0.9g, calcium lactate 1.96g, yeast selenium 1.65g, copper sulfate 0.35g, cobalt chloride 0.3g, and the rest are zeolite powder, the vitamin premix consists of vitamin K3, vitamin A, vitamin D3, vitamin E, vitamin B1, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, pantothenic acid, vitamin C, folic acid and corn protein powder in a mass ratio of 3:6:4:8:3:9:15:8:3:0.8:3000, the natural plant extract pigment is prepared by mixing α-carotene, β-carotene, γ-carotene, δ-carotene and curcumin in a mass ratio of 4:6:4:8:25, and the probiotics are composed of Lactobacillus rhamnosus and EM bacterial solution in a mass ratio of 5:10; The method for preparing the above-mentioned environmentally friendly compound feed for improving the body color of large yellow croaker specially used in deep-sea cages comprises the following steps: The components in the formula are mixed evenly according to the mass fraction to obtain a mixed material, which is dried to a water content of 19% to obtain an environmentally friendly compound feed for deep-sea cages that is specially used to improve the body color of large yellow croaker.

[0030] Example 3 An environmentally friendly compound feed for improving the body color of large yellow croaker specially used in deep-sea cages comprises the following raw materials by weight: 65 parts of marine biological protein source, 13 parts of corn oil, 21 parts of soybean meal, 3 parts of soybean oil, 5 parts of fish oil, 1.2 parts of soybean lecithin, 1.5 parts of L-lysine, 10 parts of Chinese herbal medicine extract, 1.5 parts of natural plant extract pigment, 10 parts of yellow gardenia extract, 5 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, 2.3 parts of mineral premix, 3.5 parts of vitamin premix, 1.5 parts of choline chloride and 1 part of probiotics. The marine biological protein source is prepared by mixing Antarctic krill powder, chlorella powder, spirulina powder and tilapia powder in a weight ratio of 5:7:13:43. The mineral premix contains 0.48g of sodium selenite, 0.5g of magnesium sulfate, 6.9g of zinc sulfate, 6.75g manganese sulfate, 5.2g calcium iodate, 0.9g ferrous sulfate, 1.96g calcium lactate, 1.65g yeast selenium, 0.35g copper sulfate, 0.3g cobalt chloride, and the rest are zeolite powder, the vitamin premix consists of vitamin K3, vitamin A, vitamin D3, vitamin E, vitamin B1, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, pantothenic acid, vitamin C, folic acid and corn protein powder in a mass ratio of 2:5:3:7:2:8:13:7:2:0.7:3000, the natural plant extract pigment is prepared by mixing α-carotene, β-carotene, γ-carotene, δ-carotene and curcumin in a mass ratio of 2:6:3:7:23, and the probiotics are composed of Lactobacillus rhamnosus and EM bacterial solution in a mass ratio of 5:9; The method for preparing the above-mentioned environmentally friendly compound feed for improving the body color of large yellow croaker specially used in deep-sea cages comprises the following steps: The components in the formula are mixed evenly according to the mass fraction to obtain a mixed material, which is dried to a water content of 20% to obtain an environmentally friendly compound feed for deep-sea cages that improves the body color of large yellow croaker.

[0031] Comparative Example 1 The same as Example 3, except that an equal amount of curcumin is used instead of the natural plant extract pigment.

[0032] Comparative Example 2 Same as Example 3, except that: 0 parts of Chinese herbal medicine extract.

[0033] Comparative Example 3 The same as Example 3, except that: the probiotic is Lactobacillus rhamnosus.

[0034] Comparative Example 4 The same as Example 3, except that: the probiotics are EM bacterial liquid.

[0035] Comparative Example 5 The same as Example 3, except that: 0 part of Gardenia jasminoides extract.

[0036] Performance testing The environmentally friendly compound feed for improving the body color of large yellow croaker prepared in the above-mentioned Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 was sampled and tested according to the following method.

[0037] The same batch of healthy and equal-weight large yellow croakers were selected as samples and divided into 8 groups, 3 parallels in each group, 100 in each group, 24 in small cages with specifications of 3m×6m×3m, and cultured separately. The experiment was conducted in Dawan Sea Area, Sandu Town, Jiaocheng District, Ningde City in June 2024. The sea area has smooth tides and good water quality, with a water depth of 10-15m, a flow rate of 0.5, a transparency of 30-100cm, a salinity of 26-30, and a water temperature of 12-29℃. Feeding was performed once at 5 am and 4 pm every day, and the amount of feed each time was 1%-2% of the fish body mass. It can be adjusted as appropriate according to the specific feeding situation of large yellow croakers, and the growth management method is exactly the same.

[0038] The experiment lasted for 51 days. The average initial and final weights of fish in each experimental group were investigated and recorded, and the average weight gain, survival rate and feed coefficient were calculated. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0039] After catching the fish, 30 large yellow croakers were randomly selected from the ponds corresponding to the environmentally friendly compound feeds prepared by Example 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to Comparative Examples 5, and the back and abdominal skins of the same bodies were dissected and taken, which were stored in liquid nitrogen for measuring their color and taking the average values. The various indicators are shown in Table 2.

[0040] Table 1 Growth indicators project Initial weight / g Final weight / g Average weight gain / g Survival rate / % Feed Coefficient Example 1 20.88 49.45 28.57 97 0.84 Example 2 20.83 49.98 29.15 97 0.82 Example 3 20.71 50.33 29.62 98 0.78 Comparative Example 1 20.95 44.25 23.3 94 0.98 Comparative Example 2 20.87 38.45 17.58 83 1.23 Comparative Example 3 20.91 47.28 26.37 94 0.94 Comparative Example 4 20.88 47.91 27.03 95 0.91 Comparative Example 5 20.84 43.13 22.29 91 1.05 Table 2 Color Analyzing the data in Table 1 and Table 2, we can see that: 1) The environmentally friendly compound feed for improving the body color of yellow croaker prepared in Examples 1 to 3 for deep-sea cages can improve the body color of the fish, making the body color bright and natural, improve growth performance, and reduce the feed coefficient. In addition, the environmentally friendly compound feed for improving the body color of yellow croaker prepared in the application for deep-sea cages significantly promotes the growth of yellow croaker, can fully meet the nutritional and health needs of fish, has comprehensive nutrition, increases appetite, regulates the metabolism of fish, and enhances the ability to resist stress and disease, and is widely applicable to large-scale breeding of yellow croaker.

[0041] 2) The performance comparison analysis of the environmentally friendly compound feed for improving the body color of large yellow croaker in deep-sea cages prepared in Example 3 and Comparative Example 1 shows that the addition of natural plant extract pigments can make the body color of large yellow croaker more vivid and natural, and improve its ornamental value and market competitiveness. The nutrients in the natural plant extract pigments contribute to the growth of large yellow croaker, promote its healthy development, and improve its growth rate and feed conversion rate. The antioxidant components in the natural plant extract pigments can remove free radicals, reduce the impact of oxidative stress on large yellow croaker, and improve its immunity and disease resistance. The active ingredients in the natural plant extract pigments can help regulate water quality, reduce the content of harmful substances in the water body, and are conducive to the growth and reproduction of large yellow croaker. The natural plant extract pigments and other raw materials such as Chinese herbal medicine extracts, yellow gardenia extracts, etc. work together to form an environmentally friendly compound feed with multiple functions. This feed can not only improve the body color of large yellow croaker, but also promote its growth, enhance immunity, optimize water quality and other aspects, providing strong support for large-scale breeding of large yellow croaker.

[0042] 3) The performance comparison analysis of the environmentally friendly compound feed for improving the body color of large yellow croaker prepared in Example 3 and Comparative Example 2 shows that the addition of the Chinese herbal extract prepared in this application promotes the growth of large yellow croaker, enhances immunity and anti-stress ability, improves the quality of large yellow croaker, and can also significantly improve the survival rate of large yellow croaker. In addition, the combined effect of these Chinese herbal ingredients can effectively improve the body color of large yellow croaker, making its body color bright and natural, while improving its growth performance and quality.

[0043] 4) The performance comparison analysis of the environmentally friendly compound feed for improving the body color of large yellow croaker prepared in Example 3 and Comparative Examples 3-4 shows that the probiotics are composed of Lactobacillus rhamnosus and EM bacterial liquid in a mass ratio of 5:9. Lactobacillus rhamnosus and EM bacterial liquid act together on the intestinal microbial environment of large yellow croaker, which helps to maintain the balance of intestinal microbial flora. This balance is crucial for the absorption of nutrients and the improvement of immunity. The joint action of Lactobacillus rhamnosus and EM bacterial liquid in the feed can effectively regulate the intestinal microbial flora, promote the absorption of nutrients, improve immunity, optimize water quality, and improve growth performance, thereby improving the breeding efficiency and economic benefits of large yellow croaker.

[0044] 5) The performance comparison analysis of the environmentally friendly compound feed for improving the body color of large yellow croaker specially prepared in Example 3 and Comparative Example 5 shows that the yellow gardenia extract is rich in gardenia yellow pigment, which is a natural pigment with excellent coloring effect. By adding the yellow gardenia extract, the body color of large yellow croaker can be significantly improved, making it more vivid and natural, and improving its market competitiveness and ornamental value. Gardenia yellow pigment, as a natural pigment, not only has a good coloring effect, but also is safe and non-toxic, and is harmless to the environment and the health of large yellow croaker. Gardenia yellow pigment also has multiple health effects such as lowering blood sugar, lowering blood lipids, improving sleep, and protecting the liver. These characteristics help to improve the overall health level of large yellow croaker and promote its growth and development. The gardenia yellow pigment in the yellow gardenia extract can significantly improve the body color of the fish, while improving the growth performance and muscle quality of large yellow croaker. This helps to improve breeding efficiency and economic benefits.

[0045] The above embodiments are only used to explain the technical solutions of the present application rather than to limit them. Although the above embodiments provide a specific description of the present application, relevant technical personnel should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present application can still be modified or replaced by equivalents, and any modifications and equivalent replacements that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An environmentally friendly compound feed for deep-sea cages to improve the body color of large yellow croaker, characterized in that: The preparation raw materials include the following by weight: 60-70 parts of marine biological protein source, 10-15 parts of low-fat vegetable oil, 20-22 parts of soybean meal, 2-4 parts of soybean oil, 4-7 parts of fish oil, 1-2 parts of soybean lecithin, 1-2 parts of L-lysine, 8-11 parts of Chinese herbal medicine extract, 1-2 parts of natural plant extract pigment, 8-12 parts of gardenia extract, 4-6 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, 2-3 parts of mineral premix, 3-5 parts of vitamin premix, 1-2 parts of choline chloride, and 0.8-1.1 parts of probiotics.

2. According to claim 1, an environmentally friendly compound feed for improving the body color of large yellow croaker specially used in deep-sea cages, characterized in that: The marine biological protein source is prepared by mixing Antarctic krill powder, chlorella powder, spirulina powder and tilapia powder in a mass ratio of 5:7:13:40-45.

3. According to claim 1, an environmentally friendly compound feed for improving the body color of large yellow croaker specially used in deep-sea cages, characterized in that: The Chinese herbal medicine extract comprises the following preparation raw materials, measured by weight: 10-15 parts of Scutellaria baicalensis, 7-9 parts of Cnidium monnieri, 12-16 parts of Sophora flavescens, 18-20 parts of Marigold, 10-13 parts of Rhubarb, 3-6 parts of Panax notoginseng, 7-8 parts of Coptis chinensis, 1-2 parts of Honeysuckle, 12-16 parts of Citrus reticulatae, 7-8 parts of Poria cocos, and 250-280 parts of water.

4. The environmentally friendly compound feed for improving the body color of large yellow croaker specially used in deep-sea cages according to claim 3, characterized in that: The preparation method of the plant extract is as follows: according to the mass proportions, scutellaria baicalensis, cnidium monnieri, sophora flavescens, marigold, rhubarb, notoginseng, coptis chinensis, honeysuckle, tangerine peel, poria cocos and water are mixed, then boiled for 4-5 hours, and the filtrate obtained by filtering is the plant extract.

5. The environmentally friendly compound feed for improving the body color of large yellow croaker specially used in deep-sea cages according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mineral premix contains 0.48g sodium selenite, 0.5g magnesium sulfate, 6.9g zinc sulfate, 6.75g manganese sulfate, 5.2g calcium iodate, 0.9g ferrous sulfate, 1.96g calcium lactate, 1.65g yeast selenium, 0.35g copper sulfate, 0.3g cobalt chloride, and the rest is zeolite powder per kilogram.

6. The environmentally friendly compound feed for improving the body color of large yellow croaker specially used in deep-sea cages according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vitamin premix consists of vitamin K3, vitamin A, vitamin D3, vitamin E, vitamin B1, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, pantothenic acid, vitamin C, folic acid and corn protein powder in a mass ratio of 1-3:5-6:2-4:6-8:1-3:7-9:12-15:6-8:1-3:0.6-0.8:3000.

7. The environmentally friendly compound feed for improving the body color of large yellow croaker specially used in deep-sea cages according to claim 1, characterized in that: The natural plant extract pigment is prepared by mixing alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, gamma-carotene, delta-carotene and curcumin in a mass ratio of 1-4:5-6:2-4:6-8:20-25.

8. The environmentally friendly compound feed for improving the body color of large yellow croaker specially used in deep-sea cages according to claim 1, characterized in that: The probiotics are composed of Lactobacillus rhamnosus and EM bacterial solution in a mass ratio of 5:8-10.

9. The environmentally friendly compound feed for improving the body color of large yellow croaker specially used in deep-sea cages according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the yellow gardenia extract is as follows: raw yellow gardenia is crushed by a crusher, and then baked at 100°C for 5-6 hours, and then the dried yellow gardenia is crushed again and passed through a 300-mesh sieve to obtain yellow gardenia powder; 100 parts of yellow gardenia powder and 500 parts of pure water are weighed according to mass parts, mixed, heated to 95°C and stirred for 3-4 hours, filtered, and an extract is obtained; finally, the extract is centrifuged at a temperature of 4°C and a centrifugal speed of 8000r / min for 8 minutes, and the supernatant is taken to obtain the yellow gardenia extract.

10. A method for preparing an environmentally friendly compound feed for improving the body color of large yellow croaker specially used in deep-sea cages as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The components in the formula are evenly mixed according to the mass fraction to obtain a mixed material, which is dried to a water content of ≤20% to obtain an environmentally friendly compound feed specially used for deep-sea cages to improve the body color of large yellow croaker.

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