Intramedullary nail system for long bone fracture treatment

Abstract

The invention discloses an intramedullary nail system for long bone fracture treatment, which belongs to the field of medical instruments and comprises a rod-shaped main body, a limiting assembly, a transmission assembly and a bone plate, the rod-shaped main body is provided with an implanting section and a connecting section which are connected with each other, a first cavity is formed in the implanting section, a second cavity is formed in the connecting section, the first cavity is communicated with the second cavity, and a through hole is formed in the wall of the implanting section; the limiting assembly is provided with a mounting part, a rotating shaft and rotating blades; the rotating shaft is arranged in the first cavity; one end of the rotating blade is arranged on the rotating shaft, and the other end is movably arranged in the through hole or extends out of the through hole; the transmission assembly is arranged in the second cavity and is in transmission connection with the rotating shaft; the bone plate is fixedly connected with the connecting section, and a plurality of channels for bone screws to pass through are formed in the bone plate. When the screw-out angles are the same, the extending radial lengths of different rotating blades can be different due to different acting forces between the rotating blades and the marrow cavity wall so as to better adapt to the irregular marrow cavity wall.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of medical devices, and in particular relates to an intramedullary nail system for treating long bone fractures. Background Art

[0002] An intramedullary nail is a long implant usually made of metal and placed in the bone marrow cavity for fracture fixation. It is particularly suitable for fracture fixation of long bones such as the humerus, radius, ulna, femur and tibia, thereby promoting stable healing of fractures.

[0003] In traditional intramedullary nailing procedures, in order to fix the intramedullary nail to the bone to be restored, two or more staggered holes for accommodating bone screws are usually set at the proximal and / or distal ends of the intramedullary nail. After drilling the bone itself, the bone screws are immediately inserted into the holes set on the intramedullary nail, thereby fixing the intramedullary nail to the bone. In addition, in order to obtain a better fixation effect, the number of bone screws used will also increase accordingly, which will not only increase the complexity of the procedure, but may also cause multiple wounds to form in the non-fracture area of ​​the bone, affecting the patient's recovery period.

[0004] In the patent US11931083B2 of Globus Medical Inc, a proximal humeral stabilization system is disclosed, wherein, as shown in the attached Figure 1 As shown, the intramedullary nail 250 includes an upper portion 252 and a lower portion 254 , each of which is provided with a plurality of through holes 256 , and the fastener 230 can pass through the corresponding opening 220 in the bone plate 210 and the corresponding through holes 256 in the upper portion 252 and the lower portion 254 of the intramedullary nail 250 to complete positioning.

[0005] In the patent US11344341B2 of Skeletal Dynamics LLC, an intramedullary fixation nail and a method of using the same are disclosed, wherein, Figure 2 As shown, the intramedullary nail 100 includes a slender shaft 101 having an external bone contact surface 102, a front end (or distal end) 103, and a tail end (or proximal end) 104. The slender shaft 101 may also include threaded or non-threaded cross-drilled holes 110, 111 for inserting locking screws (not shown).

[0006] Some studies also attempt to achieve the expected fracture fixation effect by reducing the number of bone screws used. Figure 3As shown, in patent application CN102088922A of Ossofix, an intramedullary nail for insertion into a fractured long bone is disclosed, comprising: a rod 2 extending between a proximal end 3 and a distal end 4; a tubular barrel 5, into which the rod is coaxially inserted; at least a first pair of expansion devices 12, located at the distal end of the rod, the expansion devices being made of a shape memory material to assume a first configuration when not in use and a second configuration when in use, wherein the expansion devices are arranged in a recess in a side wall of the intramedullary nail when in the first configuration, and the expansion devices are positioned to protrude from the side wall of the intramedullary nail according to body temperature when in the second configuration; a groove 55 exists in the tubular barrel to correspond to the shape memory device, so that the shape memory device can be fastened to the bone when it assumes the second configuration when in use; wherein the rod comprises a transverse channel 6 corresponding to the proximal end for passing a stop screw, and the tubular barrel comprises a pair of opposite holes 7a, 7b aligned with the channel; and the distal end of the rod does not have any screw through-channel. Although the above technical solution can avoid inserting too many fastening screws, its expansion device can only correspond to two configurations and is difficult to adapt to the irregular bone marrow cavity wall, resulting in poor fixation effect. When the limb is twisted, dislocation between the intramedullary nail and the bone body is prone to occur.

[0007] Therefore, there is an urgent need to propose an intramedullary nail system for the treatment of long bone fractures to solve the problem that the existing intramedullary nails need to be used in conjunction with a large number of bone screws, which increases the complexity of the surgical procedure and causes multiple wounds in non-fracture areas of the patient; or when an alternative fixation mechanism of bone screws is used, the alternative fixation mechanism is difficult to adapt to the irregular bone marrow cavity wall, resulting in poor fixation effect, and dislocation is prone to occur between the intramedullary nail and the bone body when the limb is twisted. Summary of the invention

[0008] The object of the present invention is to provide an intramedullary nail system for treating long bone fractures, so as to solve at least one of the technical problems mentioned in the above background technology that the existing intramedullary nails need to be used in conjunction with a large number of bone screws, resulting in increased complexity of the surgical procedure and the formation of multiple wounds in the non-fracture area of ​​the patient; or when using an alternative fixation mechanism of the bone screws, the alternative fixation mechanism is difficult to adapt to the irregular bone marrow cavity wall, resulting in poor fixation effect, and dislocation between the intramedullary nail and the bone body is prone to occur when the limb is twisted.

[0009] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0010] An intramedullary nail system for treating long bone fractures, the intramedullary nail system comprising:

[0011] A rod-shaped body, wherein the rod-shaped body has an implantation section and a connection section connected to each other, a first cavity is provided inside the implantation section, a second cavity is provided inside the connection section, the first cavity and the second cavity are connected, and a plurality of through holes are provided on a wall of the implantation section surrounding the first cavity;

[0012] A position limiting component, the position limiting component comprises a mounting portion, a rotating shaft, and a rotating blade, the mounting portion and the rotating shaft are both arranged in the first cavity, the mounting portion is fixedly connected to the wall of the implantation section, the rotating shaft is passed through the mounting portion and is rotatably connected to the mounting portion, one end of the rotating blade is fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft, and the other end is movably arranged in the through hole or extends out from the through hole;

[0013] A transmission assembly, the transmission assembly is disposed in the second cavity and is in transmission connection with the rotating shaft;

[0014] A driving mechanism, the driving mechanism is used to drive the transmission assembly to rotate;

[0015] A fixing assembly, the fixing assembly comprises a bone plate and bone screws, the bone plate is fixedly connected to the connecting section, and the bone plate is provided with a plurality of channels for the bone screws to pass through; wherein,

[0016] The transmission assembly can rotate under the drive of the driving mechanism, thereby driving the rotating shaft to rotate, so that the rotating blades continue to rotate outward from the through hole.

[0017] Furthermore, the rotating blade is in the shape of a curved rectangular parallelepiped, and a plurality of the curved rectangular parallelepiped rotating blades are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft, and the plurality of the curved rectangular parallelepiped rotating blades constitute a rotating blade group.

[0018] Furthermore, a rotating blade group has at least three curved rectangular rotating blades, and the cross-section of each curved rectangular rotating blade along the circumference of the rotating shaft is roughly a curved rectangle, and the two long sides of the curved rectangle are arcs. The tangent along the rotating shaft and the tangent along the arc corresponding to the contact position of any long side of the curved rectangle with the rotating shaft form a first angle, and the first angle is an acute angle.

[0019] Furthermore, the number of the rotating blade groups is not less than two, and the rotating blade groups are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the implant segment.

[0020] Furthermore, two adjacent rotating blades in the rotating blade set have their ends away from the rotating shaft connected by an expansion portion, and the expansion portion is an elastic band.

[0021] Furthermore, two adjacent expansion portions are staggered in the circumferential direction of the implantation segment.

[0022] Furthermore, the rotating blades of two rotating blade groups arranged adjacently and spaced apart are staggered along the extension direction of the implantation segment.

[0023] Furthermore, an adjustment channel connected to the second cavity is also provided on the wall of the connecting section, and the adjustment channel is used to enable an external driving mechanism to drive the transmission assembly.

[0024] Further, the transmission assembly includes a first transmission shaft, a second transmission shaft and a bevel gear set; the first transmission shaft is rotatably arranged in the cavity and is connected to the rotating shaft through a universal joint; the second transmission shaft is rotatably arranged in the cavity, and its outer end is arranged corresponding to the adjustment channel; the bevel gear set includes two bevel gears meshing with each other, and the two bevel gears meshing with each other are respectively arranged on the first transmission shaft and the second transmission shaft; the second transmission shaft is connected to the rotating arm of the driving mechanism through a spline, and the external driving mechanism also has a control part.

[0025] Furthermore, the intramedullary nail system further comprises an anti-reverse rotation component, which is a ratchet and pawl structure, wherein the ratchet is arranged on the surface of the rotating shaft, and the pawl is arranged on the inner side of the wall of the implantation section.

[0026] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] 1. The present invention provides an intramedullary nail system for treating long bone fractures, which drives the transmission assembly to rotate through a driving mechanism, thereby driving the rotating shaft to rotate, so that the tough rotating blades rotate outward from the through hole and abut against the wall of the bone marrow cavity; when the rotation angle is the same, the radial shapes of different rotating blades after extending out can have certain differences due to the different forces acting on the bone marrow cavity wall, thereby being able to better adapt to the irregular bone marrow cavity wall, enhance the relative stability of the fixation of the intramedullary nail and the bone body, and avoid torsional dislocation.

[0028] 2. The intramedullary nail system for treating long bone fractures provided by the present invention strengthens the interaction between the distal end of the rod-shaped body and the bone marrow cavity wall by arranging one or more rotating blade groups in the first cavity of the implantation section, thereby enhancing the relative stability of the fixation of the intramedullary nail and the bone body, avoiding the traditional situation of arranging a plurality of bone screws at the distal end of the intramedullary nail for fixation, and reducing the trauma caused to the fracture patient.

[0029] 3. The intramedullary nail system for treating long bone fractures provided by the present invention can ensure the unidirectional rotation of the rotating shaft by adopting an anti-reverse rotation component, thereby avoiding loosening of the abutment of the rotating blades, and further improving the overall stability of the rotating blades when the fixing operation is not performed initially and when they finally abut against the wall of the bone marrow cavity.

[0030] 4. The present invention provides an intramedullary nail system for treating long bone fractures, in which the expansion portion is connected to the rotating blades, providing the rotating blades with a force that deviates from the bending direction of the rotating blades themselves, thereby improving the overall stability of the rotating blade group, ensuring the opening angle of the rotating blades, and enabling the rotating blades to better abut and fix against the wall of the bone marrow cavity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1-3 It is a schematic diagram of a technical solution involved in the related background technology of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the intramedullary nail involved in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the implantation process of the intramedullary nail involved in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the transmission assembly and the driving mechanism involved in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the limit assembly involved in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the limit assembly involved in Example 4 of the present invention.

[0037] In the figure: 1-rod-shaped body, 11-implantation section, 12-connecting section, 2-fixing assembly, 21-bone plate, 22-bone screw, 3-limiting assembly, 31-rotating shaft, 32-rotating blade, 33-expansion part, 34-installation part, 4-transmission assembly, 41-first transmission shaft, 42-second transmission shaft, 43-bevel gear set, 44-rotating arm, 45-control part, 5-anti-reverse rotation assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] Various aspects of the present invention are described in further detail below.

[0039] Unless otherwise defined or indicated, all professional and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those familiar to users skilled in the art. In addition, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be applied to the method of the present invention.

[0040] Unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the "or" mentioned in the present invention includes the relationship of "and". The "and" is equivalent to the Boolean logic operator "AND", the "or" is equivalent to the Boolean logic operator "OR", and "AND" is a subset of "OR".

[0041] It is to be understood that although the terms "first", "second", etc. may be used herein to describe different elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another element. Therefore, a first element may be referred to as a second element without departing from the teachings of the present disclosure.

[0042] In the present invention, the terms "consisting mainly of" and "consisting of" are included in the terms "containing", "including" or "comprising".

[0043] Unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected" and "connected" in the present invention should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, or it can be connected through an intermediary medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technical users in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0044] For example, if an element (or component) is referred to as being on, coupled to, or connected to another element, the element may be directly formed on, coupled to, or connected to the other element, or there may be one or more intervening elements between them. In contrast, if the expressions "directly on," "directly coupled to," and "directly connected to" are used herein, then no intervening elements are indicated. Other words used to describe the relationship between elements should be similarly interpreted, such as "between" and "directly between," "attached" and "directly attached," "adjacent" and "directly adjacent," and the like.

[0045] It should also be noted that the words "front", "rear", "left", "right", "upper" and "lower" used in the following description refer to directions in the drawings. The words "inner" and "outer" used refer to directions toward or away from the geometric center of a particular component, respectively. It can be understood that these terms are used here to describe the relationship of one element, layer or region relative to another element, layer or region as shown in the drawings. In addition to the orientations described in the drawings, these terms should also include other orientations of the device.

[0046] Other aspects of the present invention will be apparent to users skilled in the art in view of the disclosure herein.

[0047] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present disclosure or the technical solutions in the prior art, the specific implementation methods of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For users of ordinary skills in the field, other drawings and other implementation methods can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0048] It should also be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic illustrations of the basic concept of the present disclosure. The drawings only show the components related to the present application and are not drawn according to the number, shape and size of the components in actual implementation. The type, quantity and proportion of each component in actual implementation may be changed arbitrarily, and the component layout may also be more complicated. For example, the thickness of the components in the drawings may be exaggerated for the sake of clarity.

[0049] Example 1

[0050] Provide intramedullary nail systems for the treatment of long bone fractures, such as Figure 4-7 As shown, including:

[0051] A rod-shaped body 1, wherein the rod-shaped body has an implantation segment 11 and a connection segment 12 connected to each other, wherein a first cavity is provided inside the implantation segment 11, and a second cavity is provided inside the connection segment 12, wherein the first cavity and the second cavity are connected, and a plurality of through holes are provided on a wall of the implantation segment 11 surrounding the first cavity;

[0052] A position limiting component 3, the position limiting component 3 comprising a mounting portion 34, a rotating shaft 31, and a rotating blade 32, the mounting portion 34 and the rotating shaft 31 are both disposed in the first cavity, the mounting portion 34 is fixedly connected to the wall of the implant segment 11, the rotating shaft 31 is passed through the mounting portion 34 and is rotatably connected to the mounting portion 34, one end of the rotating blade 32 is fixedly disposed on the rotating shaft 31, and the other end is movably disposed in the through hole or extends out from the through hole;

[0053] A transmission assembly 4, wherein the transmission assembly 4 is disposed in the second cavity and is in transmission connection with the rotating shaft 31;

[0054] A driving mechanism, the driving mechanism is used to drive the transmission assembly 4 to rotate;

[0055] The fixing assembly 2 comprises a bone plate 21 and a bone screw 22. The bone plate 21 is fixedly connected to the connecting section 12. The bone plate 21 is provided with a plurality of channels for the bone screw 22 to pass through.

[0056] The transmission assembly 4 can rotate under the drive of the driving mechanism, thereby driving the rotating shaft 31 to rotate, so that the rotating blade 32 continues to rotate outward from the through hole.

[0057] It should be noted that the rod-shaped body 1 has an implantation segment 11 and a connection segment 12 connected to each other, and the implantation segment 11 and the connection segment 12 can be integrally formed or mechanically assembled into one. Similarly, the connection method of the bone plate 21 and the connection segment 12 is not particularly limited, and all connection methods that can achieve the fixation of the bone plate 21 and the connection segment 12, such as integral molding, threaded connection, welding, and clamping, can be used.

[0058] After the rod-shaped body 1 is implanted into the medullary cavity of the long bone at the fracture position, the transmission assembly 4 is driven by the driving mechanism to rotate the transmission assembly 4, thereby driving the rotating shaft 31 to rotate, so that the rotating blades 32 rotate outward from the through hole until they abut against the wall of the medullary cavity. Since there is a strong abutment force between the rotating blades 32 and the wall of the medullary cavity, the static friction force of the rotating blades 32 in all directions along the wall of the medullary cavity is relatively large, thereby ensuring the stability of the position of the rod-shaped body 1 in the medullary cavity of the long bone, and effectively avoiding the possibility of potential deflection or displacement of the rod-shaped body 1.

[0059] As a preferred embodiment, the outer wall of the implant segment 11 corresponding to the through hole position is thickened, and the thickness of the thickened wall smoothly transitions with the outer wall of the implant segment 11 other than the through hole position that has not been thickened.

[0060] It should be noted that by thickening the outer wall of the implantation section 11 corresponding to the through hole position, the other end of the rotating blade 32 can be more easily abutted against the hole wall of the through hole in the initial state, and then after the rod-shaped body 1 is implanted into the medullary cavity of the long bone at the fracture position, the rotating blade 32 can smoothly extend from the through hole.

[0061] As a preferred embodiment, the bone plate 21 is provided with a plurality of channels for the bone screws 22 to pass through, and the channels are channels with internal threads, which cooperate with the external threads provided on the surface of the bone screws 22 to ensure the fixation of the bone screws to the bone at the fracture position.

[0062] As a preferred embodiment, the periphery of the implantation segment 11 and the connection segment 12 of the rod-shaped body 1 can be substantially cylindrical, and the axes of the implantation segment 11 and the connection segment 12 of the rod-shaped body 1 are arranged at an angle, which can make the axis of the bone plate 21 and the axis of the implantation segment 11 misaligned, and at the same time facilitate the implantation segment 11 of the rod-shaped body 1 to easily enter the medullary cavity from the side. Preferably, the angle between the axes of the implantation segment 11 and the connection segment 12 is not less than 170°.

[0063] As a preferred embodiment, the rotating blade 32 is in the shape of a curved rectangular parallelepiped, and 3-6 curved rectangular rotating blades 32 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the rotating shaft 31 to form a rotating blade group; the cross-section of each curved rectangular rotating blade 32 along the circumference of the rotating shaft 31 is roughly a curved rectangle, and the two long sides of the curved rectangle are both arcs, and the tangent along the rotating shaft and the tangent along the arc corresponding to the contact position between any long side of the curved rectangle and the rotating shaft 31 form a first angle, and the first angle is an acute angle.

[0064] It should be noted that the rotating blades 32 are made of biocompatible materials with bending properties and both strength and toughness, such as nickel-titanium alloy, or other polymer materials (such as polyurethane, polytetrafluoroethylene, etc.). The requirement of bending properties is because when the rotating blades 32 abut against the wall of the bone marrow cavity, if the shaft 31 is still rotating, the rotating blades 32 will further bend and deform. If the rotating blades 32 are made of brittle materials, they cannot adapt to this usage scenario; the requirement of strength and toughness is because when the rotating blades 32 abut against the wall of the bone marrow cavity, they need to generate a large static friction force with the help of the abutment force.

[0065] It should be noted that the setting of the first angle as an acute angle will make it easier for the rotating blade 32 to extend from the through hole, making it better adaptable to rotation adjustment. The outer side of the rotating blade 32 always faces the wall of the medullary cavity, which is more conducive to the rotating blade 32 to form a stable anti-displacement abutment with the wall of the medullary cavity.

[0066] As a preferred embodiment, both side surfaces of the rotating blade 32 are provided with protrusion arrays.

[0067] It should be noted that, in the bone marrow cavity with an irregular cross-section, when part of the rotating blades 32 first abut against the bone marrow cavity wall, if the rotating shaft 31 is still rotating, the part of the rotating blades 32 will further bend and deform, so that the side of the rotating blades 32 contacts the bone marrow cavity wall, and the protrusion array can enhance the anti-displacement capability of the rotating blades 32 in this case until all the rotating blades 32 abut against the bone marrow cavity wall and stop rotating. The abutment of the rotating blades 32 against the bone marrow cavity wall can be detected with the help of existing visualization devices, or can be determined with the help of the operator's experience, which will not be repeated here.

[0068] As a preferred embodiment, the number of the rotating blade groups is not less than two, and the rotating blade groups are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the implant segment 11 .

[0069] It should be noted that the plurality of rotating blade groups arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the implant segment 11 can further enhance the fixing effect between the rod-shaped body 1 and the marrow cavity wall, and reduce the possibility of twisting and dislocation of the intramedullary nail. Preferably, the rotating blades 32 of adjacent rotating blade groups can be staggered along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 31 to disperse the distribution of the force between the rotating blades 32 and the marrow cavity wall.

[0070] As a preferred embodiment, an adjustment channel connected to the second cavity is further provided on the wall of the connecting section 12 , and the adjustment channel is used to enable an external driving mechanism to drive the transmission assembly 4 .

[0071] As a preferred embodiment, a mounting portion 34 is provided on the inner wall of the implantation segment 11 to realize the rotational connection between the rotating shaft 31 and the implantation segment 11, and the mounting portion 34 is staggered with the rotating blade 32 to avoid affecting its rotation out. The mounting portion 34 can adopt a variety of connection structures. In this embodiment, the mounting portion 34 is a bearing, the bearing is provided on the inner wall of the implantation segment 11, and the rotating shaft 31 is provided in the bearing, thereby realizing the rotational connection between the rotating shaft 31 and the implantation segment 11.

[0072] As a preferred embodiment, the expansion part 33 can be in various forms. In this embodiment, the expansion part 33 is an elastic band, and the two ends of the elastic band are respectively connected to the outer ends of the circumferentially adjacent rotating blades 32. The elastic band can be made of silicone or TPU material. When the rotating blade 32 abuts against the wall of the medullary cavity, the elastic band is in a tension state, and the length of the elastic band is less than its maximum stretching length.

[0073] In the bone marrow cavity with irregular cross-section, some rotating blades 32 first abut against the bone marrow cavity wall, and then the distance between the outer end of the rotating blade 32 that first abuts against the bone marrow cavity wall and the outer end of the rotating blade 32 that does not abut against the bone marrow cavity wall gradually increases with the further rotation of the rotating shaft 31, and the tension on the elastic band gradually increases, thereby causing the rotating blades 32 that do not abut against the bone marrow cavity wall to further open, thereby promoting their abutment with the bone marrow cavity wall, and achieving the abutment positioning of all rotating blades 32 under relatively small rotation conditions.

[0074] As a preferred embodiment, the transmission assembly 4 is arranged in the connecting section 12 and is connected to the rotating shaft 31; the transmission assembly includes a first transmission shaft 41, a second transmission shaft 42 and a bevel gear set 43; the first transmission shaft 41 is rotatably arranged in the connecting section 12 and is connected to the rotating shaft 31 through a universal joint; the second transmission shaft 42 is rotatably arranged in the connecting section 12, and its outer end is arranged corresponding to the adjustment channel; the bevel gear set 43 includes two mutually meshing bevel gears, which are respectively arranged on the first transmission shaft 41 and the second transmission shaft 42, and the transmission of the first transmission shaft 41 and the second transmission shaft 42 is realized through meshing.

[0075] The driving mechanism includes a rotating arm 44 and a control unit 45. The rotating arm 44 and the second transmission shaft 42 are spline-connected. The control unit 45 is arranged on the rotating arm 44 to facilitate the operator to adjust the rotating arm 44. The user rotates the rotating arm 44 through the control unit 45, which drives the second transmission shaft 42, the bevel gear set 43 and the first transmission shaft 41 to rotate in turn, and the rotating shaft 31 rotates accordingly, and the rotating blades 32 extend from the implantation section 11 to achieve positioning connection with the wall of the medullary cavity. After the rotating blades 32 are adjusted to the right position, the driving member is removed, and the transmission assembly 4 remains in the connecting section 12. After the driving mechanism is removed, the closed adjustment channel is closed.

[0076] As a preferred embodiment, a sleeve is provided outside the connection section 12. When an external driving mechanism needs to be connected, the sleeve is moved to be misaligned with the adjustment port. After the external driving mechanism is removed, the sleeve is moved to the adjustment channel and positioned. The connection form between the sleeve and the connection section 12 includes but is not limited to threaded connection and slide groove connection. When the slide groove connection is adopted, the sleeve is aligned with the adjustment port of the connection section 12 and then positioned by screws or other structures.

[0077] In the present embodiment, an intramedullary nail system for treating long bone fractures may further include an anti-reverse rotation component 5, which ensures that the rotating shaft 31 rotates unidirectionally in the implantation section 11, thereby preventing the rotating shaft 31 from rotating in the opposite direction after the transmission component 4 is removed, thereby preventing the positioning effect of the rotating blade 32 from being affected. The anti-reverse rotation component 5 may be a ratchet and pawl structure, in which the ratchet is arranged on the surface of the rotating shaft 31, and the pawl is arranged on the inner wall of the implantation section 11, thereby ensuring that the rotating shaft 31 rotates unidirectionally in the direction in which the rotating blade 32 is rotated out. The ratchet and pawl structure may adopt a conventional ratchet and pawl structure that limits unidirectional motion, so it will not be described in detail here. The anti-reverse rotation component 5 is staggered with the rotating blade 32 to avoid interfering with the rotation out of the rotating blade 32.

[0078] The intramedullary nail system for treating long bone fractures provided in this embodiment can be used for fixation of fractures of long bones such as the humerus, radius, ulna, femur and tibia.

[0079] Example 2

[0080] In the second embodiment, the mounting portion 34 is a one-way bearing, and the mounting portion 34 can ensure the one-way rotation of the rotating shaft 31, and there is no need to separately provide an anti-reverse rotation component 5. Except for the above components, the rest of the structure of this embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment.

[0081] Example 3

[0082] In Example 3, the mounting portion 34 is a convex strip, which is arranged along the circumference of the implant segment 11, and a groove is provided on the surface of the rotating shaft 31 corresponding to the convex strip, and the groove cooperates with the convex strip to realize the rotation connection between the rotating shaft 31 and the implant segment 11. Optionally, the mounting portion 34 can also be set as a groove, and a convex strip is provided on the surface of the rotating shaft 31 corresponding to the groove, thereby realizing the rotation connection between the rotating shaft 31 and the implant segment 11. Except for the above components, the rest of the structure in this embodiment is the same as that in Example 1.

[0083] Example 4

[0084] In Example 4, Figure 8 As shown, the expansion portion 33 is a support bar, one end of which contacts the side of the rotating blade 32 near the first angle, and the other end is connected to the outer wall of the implant segment 11. The support bar is located within the first angle, providing a support force for the rotating blade 32 to deviate from its own bending direction. Except for the above components, the rest of the structure in this embodiment is the same as that in embodiment 1 or embodiment 3.

[0085] in addition, Figure 8 A first angle is also shown, wherein the first angle is denoted by α.

[0086] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intramedullary nail system for treating long bone fractures, characterized in that: The intramedullary nail system comprises: A rod-shaped body, wherein the rod-shaped body has an implantation section and a connection section connected to each other, a first cavity is provided inside the implantation section, a second cavity is provided inside the connection section, the first cavity and the second cavity are connected, and a plurality of through holes are provided on a wall of the implantation section surrounding the first cavity; A position limiting component, the position limiting component comprises a mounting portion, a rotating shaft and a rotating blade, the mounting portion and the rotating shaft are both arranged in the first cavity, the mounting portion is fixedly connected to the wall of the implantation section, the rotating shaft is passed through the mounting portion and is rotatably connected to the mounting portion, one end of the rotating blade is fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft, and the other end is movably arranged in the through hole or extends out from the through hole; A transmission assembly, the transmission assembly is disposed in the second cavity and is in transmission connection with the rotating shaft; A driving mechanism, the driving mechanism is used to drive the transmission assembly to rotate; A fixing assembly, the fixing assembly comprises a bone plate and bone screws, the bone plate is fixedly connected to the connecting section, and the bone plate is provided with a plurality of channels for the bone screws to pass through; wherein, The transmission assembly can rotate under the drive of the driving mechanism, thereby driving the rotating shaft to rotate, so that the rotating blades continue to rotate outward from the through hole.

2. The intramedullary nail system for treating long bone fractures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating blade is in the shape of a curved rectangular parallelepiped, and a plurality of the curved rectangular parallelepiped rotating blades are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft, and the plurality of the curved rectangular parallelepiped rotating blades constitute a rotating blade group.

3. The intramedullary nail system for treating long bone fractures according to claim 2, characterized in that: One rotating blade group has at least three curved rectangular rotating blades, and the cross-section of each curved rectangular rotating blade along the circumference of the rotating shaft is roughly a curved rectangle, and the two long sides of the curved rectangle are arcs. Any long side of the curved rectangle and the corresponding tangent along the rotating shaft at the contact position of the rotating shaft and the tangent along the arc form a first angle, and the first angle is an acute angle.

4. The intramedullary nail system for treating long bone fractures according to claim 2, characterized in that: The number of the rotating blade groups is not less than two, and the rotating blade groups are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the implantation segment.

5. The intramedullary nail system for treating long bone fractures according to claim 2, characterized in that: One end of two adjacent rotating blades in the rotating blade group away from the rotating shaft is connected by an expansion portion, and the expansion portion is an elastic band.

6. The intramedullary nail system for treating long bone fractures according to claim 5, characterized in that: Two adjacent expansion portions are staggered in the circumferential direction of the implant segment.

7. The intramedullary nail system for treating long bone fractures according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotating blades of two rotating blade groups arranged adjacently and spaced apart are staggered along the extension direction of the implantation section.

8. The intramedullary nail system for treating long bone fractures according to claim 1, characterized in that: An adjustment channel connected to the second cavity is also provided on the wall of the connecting section, and the adjustment channel is used to enable an external driving mechanism to drive the transmission assembly.

9. The intramedullary nail system for treating long bone fractures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission assembly includes a first transmission shaft, a second transmission shaft and a bevel gear set; the first transmission shaft is rotatably arranged in the cavity and connected to the rotating shaft through a universal joint; the second transmission shaft is rotatably arranged in the cavity, and its outer end is arranged corresponding to the adjustment channel; the bevel gear set includes two bevel gears meshing with each other, and the two bevel gears meshing with each other are respectively arranged on the first transmission shaft and the second transmission shaft; The second transmission shaft is connected to the rotating arm of the driving mechanism through a spline, and the external driving mechanism also has a control part.

10. The intramedullary nail system for treating long bone fractures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intramedullary nail system further comprises an anti-reverse rotation component, which is a ratchet and pawl structure, wherein the ratchet is arranged on the surface of the rotating shaft, and the pawl is arranged on the inner side of the wall of the implantation section.

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