System and method for automatically adjusting material-liquid ratio, liquid level and temperature of drag chain leacher

Abstract

The invention relates to a system and a method for automatically adjusting the material-liquid ratio, the liquid level and the temperature of a drag chain leacher. The system comprises a drag chain leacher shell, the head of the drag chain leacher shell is provided with a material inlet and an extract liquid outlet, and the tail of the drag chain leacher shell is provided with a material outlet and an extraction solvent inlet. The material inlet is provided with a feeding auger, a feeding metering scale and a feeding scraper which are sequentially connected end to end; a weight sensor is arranged at the material outlet; an extraction liquid discharge regulating valve and an extraction liquid discharge flowmeter are respectively arranged on pipelines of the extraction liquid discharge port and the extraction solvent inlet, and an extraction solvent inlet regulating valve and an extraction solvent inlet flowmeter are respectively arranged on pipelines of the extraction liquid discharge port and the extraction solvent inlet; a pressure type liquid level meter is arranged at the bottom in the shell; three temperature sensors are arranged on the side wall of the shell, three sections of roundabout steam heat exchange pipelines are correspondingly arranged below the interior of the shell, and steam inlet adjusting valves are arranged at steam inlets of the steam heat exchange pipelines; the invention further provides an automatic adjusting method. Automatic adjustment of the material-liquid ratio, the liquid level and the temperature of the drag chain leacher is realized, so that the production efficiency and the yield of extracted products are stabilized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This patent application belongs to the field of biological extraction technology, and more specifically, it relates to a system and method for automatically adjusting the material-liquid ratio, liquid level, and temperature of a drag chain extractor. Background Art

[0002] Extraction, also known as extraction, is a method of transferring solute from one solvent to another by utilizing the difference in solubility of a substance in two immiscible (or slightly soluble) solvents. Extraction is an extremely important step in the continuous industrial production of plant extracts and often occurs in a drag chain extractor.

[0003] In industrial production, materials and extraction solvents are often added to the extractor from both ends of the drag chain extractor in the ratio specified by the extraction process, that is, materials are added from one end and extraction solvents are injected from the other end. The two are fully mixed and dissolved in the counterflow, and the target components in the materials are gradually transferred to the extraction solvent to achieve the extraction of the target substance. Usually, when extracting in a drag chain extractor in industrial production, it is necessary to accurately control the three parameters of material-liquid ratio, extraction solvent level, and extraction solvent temperature. That is, first of all, it is necessary to accurately control the input ratio of materials and extraction solvents, and secondly, it is necessary to ensure that the extraction solvent level is higher than the material and stable within the process index range, and finally, it is necessary to ensure that the extraction solvent temperature in the extractor is stable within the process index range.

[0004] At present, in the continuous industrial production of plant extracts, the feed-liquid input ratio, extraction solvent level, and extraction solvent temperature still need to be manually adjusted by human experience and visual judgment. Not only is the operation intensity high, the degree of automation is low, the work efficiency is low, and workers need to have a stronger sense of responsibility, but it is also prone to misoperation, which seriously affects the production efficiency of the extraction and reduces the yield of the extracted product. Therefore, improvements and innovations in the drag chain extractor are imperative. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the problems in the existing production process that the adjustment operation intensity of the material-liquid input ratio, the extraction solvent liquid level and the extraction solvent temperature in the drag chain extractor is high, the degree of automation is low, the work efficiency is low, and the production efficiency of the extraction is affected, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a drag chain extractor material-liquid ratio, liquid level, temperature automatic adjustment system and method, which can realize continuous and precise control of the material-liquid input ratio and continuous and stable control of the extraction solvent liquid level and extraction solvent temperature in the drag chain extractor.

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] A drag chain extractor material-liquid ratio, liquid level and temperature automatic adjustment system comprises a drag chain extractor shell, and a control mechanism, a liquid inlet mechanism, a material feeding mechanism, a material discharging mechanism and an extraction liquid draining mechanism arranged on the drag chain extractor shell, wherein the liquid inlet mechanism, the material feeding mechanism, the material discharging mechanism and the extraction liquid draining mechanism are all connected to the control mechanism.

[0008] Furthermore, the liquid inlet mechanism includes an extraction solvent inlet provided at one end of the drag chain extractor housing, a pipeline connected to the extraction solvent inlet, an extraction solvent inlet flowmeter and an extraction solvent inlet regulating valve provided on the pipeline in sequence, and a pressure level gauge provided at the bottom of the drag chain extractor housing;

[0009] The feeding mechanism includes a material feeding port arranged on the other end of the drag chain extractor housing, and the material feeding port is provided with a feeding auger, a feeding metering scale, and a feeding scraper connected end to end in sequence;

[0010] The discharging mechanism includes a material chamber arranged inside the drag chain extractor housing, a sprocket mechanism arranged in the material chamber, a plurality of scrapers arranged on the sprocket mechanism, a partitioning seepage plate arranged in the material chamber and below the sprocket mechanism and the scrapers, a material discharge port arranged at the outlet of the material chamber, and a weight sensor arranged at the material discharge port (functioning to detect whether there is extraction material passing through the material discharge port), the material feed port corresponds to the material chamber, the weight sensor is located at the tail of the partitioning seepage plate, and the partitioning seepage plate is a multi-layer partitioning seepage plate;

[0011] The extraction liquid discharge mechanism includes an extraction liquid discharge port arranged on the drag chain extractor housing, an extraction solvent circulation pump arranged in the drag chain extractor housing and connected to the extraction liquid discharge port, an extraction liquid discharge regulating valve and an extraction liquid discharge flow meter sequentially arranged at the extraction liquid discharge port through a pipeline;

[0012] The control mechanism includes a controller connected to the weight sensor and arranged on the other end of the outer side wall of the drag chain extractor shell. The controller is also connected to the feed scraper, the feed auger, the feed metering scale, the pressure level gauge, the extraction solvent inlet regulating valve, the extraction solvent inlet flow meter, the extraction solvent circulation pump, the extraction liquid discharge regulating valve, the extraction liquid discharge flow meter, the sprocket mechanism and the scraper.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes a temperature regulating mechanism connected to the controller, the temperature regulating mechanism includes a temperature sensor arranged on the inner wall of the drag chain extractor shell, the height of the temperature sensor is located below the separation seepage plate; a steam heat exchange pipe is correspondingly arranged at the lower part of the drag chain extractor shell, and a steam inlet regulating valve is arranged at the steam inlet of the steam heat exchange pipe.

[0014] Furthermore, there are three temperature sensors, namely temperature sensor 1, temperature sensor 2, and temperature sensor 3; the steam heat exchange pipeline corresponds to three sections of circuitous steam heat exchange pipelines, namely steam heat exchange pipeline 1, steam heat exchange pipeline 2, and steam heat exchange pipeline 3; the steam heat exchange pipeline 1, steam heat exchange pipeline 2, and steam heat exchange pipeline 3 are respectively provided with steam inlet regulating valve 1, steam inlet regulating valve 2, and steam inlet regulating valve 3; the temperature sensor 1, temperature sensor 2, temperature sensor 3, steam inlet regulating valve 1, steam inlet regulating valve 2, and steam inlet regulating valve 3 are all connected to the controller.

[0015] Furthermore, temperature sensor 1, temperature sensor 2, and temperature sensor 3 are respectively installed at the front section, middle section, and rear section of the side of the drag chain extractor shell.

[0016] Furthermore, the drag chain extractor shell includes a connected horizontal section shell and an upper inclined section shell (that is, the tail of the horizontal section shell is connected to the head of the upper inclined section shell), the lower end of the head of the horizontal section shell is provided with an extraction liquid discharge port, and the upper end of the head is provided with a material feed port; the bottom end of the head of the upper inclined section shell is provided with an extraction solvent inlet, and the tail is provided with a material discharge port, the extraction solvent circulation pump is located at the bottom end of the head inside the horizontal section shell, and the pressure level gauge is located at the bottom inside the horizontal section shell.

[0017] Furthermore, an explosion-proof control box is provided, which is located beside the controller, and the controller is a PLC controller.

[0018] A method for automatically adjusting the material-liquid ratio, liquid level and temperature of a drag chain extractor, using the above system, is characterized in that: the specific process is as follows:

[0019] S1. When the drag chain extractor starts working, the extraction solvent inlet regulating valve is fully opened. When the extraction solvent level in the drag chain extractor reaches the preset process height, the feeding scraper, feeding metering scale, feeding auger, sprocket mechanism and attached scraper automatically start working to feed the material onto the separation seepage plate, and the extraction solvent inlet regulating valve is automatically closed;

[0020] S2. After the material is thrown onto the separation seepage plate, the sprocket mechanism and the attached scraper drive the material to gradually move toward the material discharge port. When the material is discharged from the material discharge port, the weight sensor is triggered;

[0021] S3. When the weight sensor detects that the material begins to be discharged from the material discharge port, the controller automatically adjusts the opening of the extraction solvent inlet regulating valve according to the material instantaneous feeding amount measured in real time by the feeding metering scale at the material feeding port and the proportion required by the process index, and adjusts the instantaneous feeding amount of the extraction solvent to the calculated value, wherein the weight sensor is used to detect whether the extraction material has begun to be discharged from the material discharge port;

[0022] S4. The controller detects the extraction solvent level in the drag chain extractor in real time according to the pressure level gauge at the bottom of the drag chain extractor. The controller automatically adjusts the opening of the extraction liquid discharge regulating valve through the control algorithm, and stabilizes the extraction solvent level in the drag chain extractor to the process indicator level value range by controlling the instantaneous discharge volume of the extraction liquid;

[0023] S5. When the weight sensor detects that the material is completely discharged from the material discharge port, the extraction solvent inlet regulating valve, sprocket mechanism and attached scraper are automatically closed. When the pressure level gauge detects that the extraction solvent level in the drag chain extractor drops to the preset level value, the extraction liquid discharge regulating valve and extraction solvent circulation pump are automatically closed. Among them, the weight sensor is used to detect whether the extraction material has been completely discharged from the material discharge port.

[0024] Further, in S3, “automatically adjusting the opening of the extraction solvent inlet regulating valve according to the ratio required by the process indicators, and adjusting the instantaneous inlet amount of the extraction solvent to the calculated value” specifically means:

[0025] According to the required proportion of the process indicators, the expected extraction solvent inlet flow rate is calculated, the instantaneous error between the expected value and the actual value of the extraction solvent inlet flow rate is used as the first control parameter, the integral cumulative amount of the error between the expected value and the actual value of the extraction solvent inlet flow rate is used as the second control parameter, and the error change rate between the expected value and the actual value of the extraction solvent inlet flow rate is used as the third control parameter. The control output value is obtained based on the proportional, integral and differential control algorithm of the first control parameter, the second control parameter and the third control parameter. The control output value determines the opening of the extraction solvent inlet regulating valve, and the instantaneous extraction solvent inlet amount is adjusted to half of the calculated value;

[0026] In S4, “the controller automatically adjusts the opening of the extraction liquid discharge regulating valve through the control algorithm, and stabilizes the extraction solvent level in the drag chain extractor within the process indicator level value range by controlling the instantaneous extraction liquid discharge volume” specifically refers to

[0027] The instantaneous error between the preset value and the actual value of the extraction solvent level in the drag chain extractor is used as control parameter four, the integral accumulation of the error between the preset value and the actual value of the extraction solvent level is used as control parameter five, and the error change rate between the preset value and the actual value of the extraction solvent level is used as control parameter six. Control parameters four, five and six are used to obtain control output values ​​based on proportional, integral and differential control algorithms. The control output value determines the opening of the extraction liquid discharge regulating valve and the instantaneous flow rate of the extraction liquid discharge, and at the same time, the extraction solvent circulation pump is turned on to stabilize the extraction solvent level in the drag chain extractor to within the range of the process indicator level value. Then, the controller adjusts the opening of the extraction solvent inlet regulating valve according to the instantaneous feed amount of the feed metering scale, and readjusts the instantaneous feed amount of the extraction solvent to the measured value.

[0028] Furthermore, according to the extraction solvent temperatures of the front, middle and rear sections of the horizontal shell detected in real time by temperature sensor 1, temperature sensor 2 and temperature sensor 3, the openings of steam inlet regulating valve 1, steam inlet regulating valve 2 and steam inlet regulating valve 3 at the corresponding positions below are automatically adjusted, and the extraction solvent temperature is stabilized at the preset process temperature by controlling the steam flow in steam heat exchange pipe 1, steam heat exchange pipe 2 and steam heat exchange pipe 3.

[0029] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are:

[0030] 1. The extraction solvent inlet amount in the drag chain extractor is accurately and automatically adjusted according to the material feed amount and the process ratio, ensuring that the ratio of material and extraction solvent is maintained within the process index range, stabilizing the production efficiency and improving the utilization rate of the extraction solvent.

[0031] 2. According to the extraction solvent level detected in real time by the pressure level gauge in the drag chain extractor, the extraction liquid discharge volume is automatically adjusted through the proportional, integral and differential control algorithms to stabilize the extraction solvent level in the extractor within the process index range. The appropriate liquid level helps to improve the extraction solvent spraying effect and extraction stability, and reduce manual patrol time and operation intensity.

[0032] 3. The extraction solvent temperature in the drag chain extractor is accurately adjusted to within the process index range by automatically adjusting the steam inlet volume in the steam heat exchange pipeline, thereby optimizing the extraction effect of the extraction solvent on the target solute.

[0033] 4. The present invention has a novel and unique structure, is easy to operate and use, realizes automatic adjustment of the material-liquid ratio in the extractor and the extraction solvent level and extraction solvent temperature, reduces the probability of misoperation, has high production efficiency, low labor intensity, has significant economic and social benefits, and is suitable for continuous industrial production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 It is the front view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Top view of the local structure of part A in the middle;

[0036] In the figure, 1, the housing of the drag chain extractor, 2, the horizontal section housing, 3, the upper inclined section housing of the drag chain extractor, 4, the feeding scraper, 5, the feeding weighing scale, 6, the feeding auger, 7, the weight sensor, 8, the extraction solvent inlet regulating valve, 9, the extraction solvent inlet flow meter, 10, the pressure level gauge, 11, the extraction solvent circulation pump, 12, the extraction liquid discharge regulating valve, 13, the extraction liquid discharge flow meter, 14, the separation seepage plate, 15, the sprocket mechanism and Included scraper, 16. Controller, 17. Temperature sensor 1, 18. Temperature sensor 2, 19. Temperature sensor 3, 20. Steam inlet regulating valve 1, 21. Steam inlet regulating valve 2, 22. Steam inlet regulating valve 3, 23. Steam heat exchange pipeline 1, 24. Steam heat exchange pipeline 2, 25. Steam heat exchange pipeline 3, 26. Material feed port, 27. Extraction liquid discharge port, 28. Material discharge port, 29. Extraction solvent inlet port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0038] A drag chain extractor material-liquid ratio, liquid level, and temperature automatic adjustment system, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , including a drag chain extractor shell 1, and a control mechanism, a liquid inlet mechanism, a feeding mechanism, a discharging mechanism, and an extraction liquid draining mechanism arranged on the drag chain extractor shell 1, and the liquid inlet mechanism, the feeding mechanism, the discharging mechanism, and the extraction liquid draining mechanism are all connected to the control mechanism.

[0039] The liquid inlet mechanism includes an extraction solvent inlet 29 arranged at one end of the drag chain extractor housing 1, a pipeline connected to the extraction solvent inlet 29, an extraction solvent inlet flowmeter 9 and an extraction solvent inlet regulating valve 8 arranged on the pipeline in sequence, and a pressure level gauge 10 arranged at the bottom of the drag chain extractor housing 1;

[0040] The feeding mechanism includes a material feeding port 26 arranged on the other end of the drag chain extractor housing 1, and the material feeding port 26 is provided with a feeding auger 6, a feeding weighing scale 5, and a feeding scraper 4 connected end to end in sequence;

[0041] The discharging mechanism includes a material chamber arranged inside the drag chain extractor housing 1, a sprocket mechanism arranged in the material chamber, a plurality of scrapers 15 arranged on the sprocket mechanism, a partitioning seepage plate 14 arranged in the material chamber and below the sprocket mechanism and the scraper 15, a material discharge port 28 arranged at the outlet of the material chamber, and a weight sensor 7 arranged at the material discharge port 28. The weight sensor 7 can detect whether there is extraction material passing through the material discharge port. The material feed port 26 corresponds to the material chamber. The weight sensor 7 is located at the tail of the partitioning seepage plate 14. The partitioning seepage plate 14 is a multi-layer partitioning seepage plate.

[0042] The extraction liquid discharge mechanism includes an extraction liquid discharge port 27 arranged on the drag chain extractor housing 1, an extraction solvent circulation pump 11 arranged in the drag chain extractor housing 1 and connected to the extraction liquid discharge port 27, an extraction liquid discharge regulating valve 12 and an extraction liquid discharge flow meter 13 sequentially arranged at the extraction liquid discharge port 27 through a pipeline;

[0043] The control mechanism includes a controller 16 connected to the weight sensor 7 and arranged on the outer side wall of the drag chain extractor shell 1. The controller 16 is also connected to the feed scraper 4, the feed auger 6, the feed metering scale 5, the pressure level gauge 10, the extraction solvent inlet regulating valve 8, the extraction solvent inlet flowmeter 9, the extraction solvent circulation pump 11, the extraction liquid discharge regulating valve 12, the extraction liquid discharge flowmeter 13, the sprocket mechanism and the scraper 15.

[0044] The drag chain extractor shell 1 includes a horizontal section shell 2 and an upper inclined section shell 3 connected to each other, that is, the tail of the horizontal section shell 2 is connected to the head of the upper inclined section shell 3, the lower end of the head of the horizontal section shell 2 is provided with an extraction liquid discharge port 27, and the upper end of the head is provided with a material feed port 26; the bottom end of the head of the upper inclined section shell 3 is provided with an extraction solvent inlet 29, and the tail is provided with a material discharge port 28, the extraction solvent circulation pump 11 is located at the bottom end of the head inside the horizontal section shell 2, and the pressure level gauge 10 is located at the bottom inside the horizontal section shell 2.

[0045] At the same time, it also includes a temperature regulating mechanism connected to the controller 16, the temperature regulating mechanism includes a temperature sensor arranged on the inner wall of the drag chain extractor shell 1, and the height of the temperature sensor is located below the partition seepage plate 14; a steam heat exchange pipe is correspondingly arranged at the lower part of the drag chain extractor shell 1, and a steam inlet regulating valve is arranged at the steam inlet of the steam heat exchange pipe.

[0046] Preferably, there are three temperature sensors, namely temperature sensor 1 17, temperature sensor 2 18, and temperature sensor 3 19; the steam heat exchange pipeline corresponds to three sections of circuitous steam heat exchange pipelines, namely steam heat exchange pipeline 1 23, steam heat exchange pipeline 24, and steam heat exchange pipeline 3 25; the steam heat exchange pipeline 1 23, steam heat exchange pipeline 24, and steam heat exchange pipeline 3 25 are respectively provided with steam inlet regulating valve 1 20, steam inlet regulating valve 2 21, and steam inlet regulating valve 3 22; the temperature sensor 17, temperature sensor 2 18, temperature sensor 3 19, steam inlet regulating valve 1 20, steam inlet regulating valve 2 21, and steam inlet regulating valve 3 22 are all connected to the controller 16.

[0047] In terms of layout, temperature sensor 1 17 , temperature sensor 2 18 , and temperature sensor 3 19 are respectively installed at the front section, middle section, and rear section of the side of the drag chain extractor housing 1 .

[0048] An explosion-proof control box is also provided, which is located beside the controller 16 , and the controller 16 is a PLC controller.

[0049] By using the above system, the present invention also provides a method for automatically adjusting the material-liquid ratio, liquid level and temperature of a drag chain extractor, and the specific process of the method is as follows:

[0050] S1. When the drag chain extractor starts to work, the extraction solvent inlet regulating valve 8 is fully opened. When the extraction solvent liquid level in the drag chain extractor reaches the preset process height, the feeding scraper 4, the feeding metering scale 5, the feeding auger 6, the sprocket mechanism and the attached scraper 15 automatically start to work, and the material is thrown onto the separation seepage plate 14, and the extraction solvent inlet regulating valve 8 is automatically closed.

[0051] S2. After the material is thrown onto the separation seepage plate 14, the sprocket mechanism and the attached scraper 15 drive the material to gradually move toward the material discharge port 28. When the material is discharged from the material discharge port 28, the weight sensor 7 is triggered.

[0052] S3. When the weight sensor 7 detects that the material begins to be discharged from the material discharge port 28, the controller 16 automatically adjusts the opening of the extraction solvent inlet regulating valve 8 according to the instantaneous material feeding amount measured in real time by the feeding metering scale 5 at the material feed port 26 and the required proportion of the process indicators, and adjusts the instantaneous extraction solvent inlet amount to the calculated value. The weight sensor 7 at this time functions to detect whether the extraction material has begun to be discharged from the material discharge port 28.

[0053] “Automatically adjust the opening of the extraction solvent inlet regulating valve 8 in accordance with the requirements of the process indicators, and adjust the instantaneous inlet amount of the extraction solvent to the calculated value” specifically means:

[0054] According to the required proportion of process indicators, the expected extraction solvent inlet flow rate is calculated, the instantaneous error between the expected value and the actual value of the extraction solvent inlet flow rate is used as control parameter one, the integral accumulation of the error between the expected value and the actual value of the extraction solvent inlet flow rate is used as control parameter two, and the error change rate between the expected value and the actual value of the extraction solvent inlet flow rate is used as control parameter three. Control parameters one, two and three are used to derive control output values ​​based on proportional, integral and differential control algorithms. The control output value determines the opening of the extraction solvent inlet regulating valve 8, and adjusts the instantaneous extraction solvent inlet amount to half of the calculated value.

[0055] S4, the controller 16 detects the extraction solvent level in the drag chain extractor in real time according to the pressure level gauge 10 at the bottom of the drag chain extractor. The controller 16 automatically adjusts the opening of the extraction liquid discharge regulating valve 12 through the control algorithm, and stabilizes the extraction solvent level in the drag chain extractor to within the process indicator level value range by controlling the instantaneous discharge volume of the extraction liquid.

[0056] In this step, "the controller 16 automatically adjusts the opening of the extraction liquid discharge regulating valve 12 through the control algorithm, and stabilizes the extraction solvent level in the drag chain extractor within the process indicator level value range by controlling the instantaneous extraction liquid discharge volume", specifically refers to

[0057] The instantaneous error between the preset value and the actual value of the extraction solvent level in the drag chain extractor is used as control parameter four, the integral accumulation of the error between the preset value and the actual value of the extraction solvent level is used as control parameter five, and the error change rate between the preset value and the actual value of the extraction solvent level is used as control parameter six. Control parameters four, five and six are used to obtain control output values ​​based on proportional, integral and differential control algorithms. The control output value determines the opening of the extraction liquid discharge regulating valve 12 and the instantaneous flow rate of the extraction liquid discharge, and at the same time, the extraction solvent circulation pump 11 is turned on to stabilize the extraction solvent level in the drag chain extractor to within the range of the process indicator level value. Then the controller 16 adjusts the opening of the extraction solvent inlet regulating valve 8 according to the instantaneous feed amount of the feed metering scale 5, and readjusts the instantaneous feed amount of the extraction solvent to the measured value.

[0058] S5. When the weight sensor 7 detects that the material is completely discharged from the material discharge port 28, the extraction solvent inlet regulating valve 8, the sprocket mechanism and the attached scraper 15 are automatically closed. When the pressure level gauge 10 detects that the extraction solvent level in the drag chain extractor drops to the preset level value, the extraction liquid discharge regulating valve 12 and the extraction solvent circulation pump 11 are automatically closed. Among them, the weight sensor 7 functions to detect whether the extraction material has been completely discharged from the material discharge port 28.

[0059] Since there is also a temperature regulating mechanism, according to the extraction solvent temperatures of the front, middle and rear sections of the horizontal section shell 2 detected in real time by temperature sensor 1 17, temperature sensor 2 18 and temperature sensor 3 19, the openings of steam inlet regulating valve 1 20, steam inlet regulating valve 2 21 and steam inlet regulating valve 3 22 at the corresponding positions below are automatically adjusted, and the extraction solvent temperature is stabilized at the preset process temperature by controlling the steam flow in steam heat exchange pipe 1 23, steam heat exchange pipe 24 and steam heat exchange pipe 3 25.

[0060] The following example explains this in detail.

[0061] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 2A drag chain extractor material-liquid ratio, liquid level, and temperature automatic adjustment system includes a drag chain extractor shell 1, the drag chain extractor shell 1 is divided into a horizontal section shell 2 and a drag chain extractor upper inclined section shell 3, the upper inclined section shell 3 is provided with an extraction solvent inlet 29 at the lower end of the head, and the extraction solvent inlet flowmeter 9 and the extraction solvent inlet regulating valve 8 are provided on the pipeline connected to the extraction solvent inlet 29, and the left side wall of the drag chain extractor shell 1 is provided with an explosion-proof control box and a PLC controller 16. When the drag chain extractor starts to work, the controller controls the extraction solvent inlet regulating valve 8 to be fully opened, and the extraction solvent enters the inside of the drag chain extractor. A pressure level gauge 10 is provided at the bottom of the drag chain extractor, and the pressure level gauge 10 detects the extraction solvent level inside the drag chain extractor in real time. When the extraction solvent level inside the extractor reaches a preset level range, the extraction solvent inlet regulating valve 8 is completely closed.

[0062] At the same time, the feed scraper 4, the feed metering scale 5, the feed auger 6, the sprocket mechanism and the attached scraper 15 start to work, and the material is fed into the internal partition seepage plate 14 of the drag chain extractor, and the feed metering scale automatically calculates the instantaneous feed amount of the material.

[0063] In this embodiment, after the material is put into the separation seepage plate 14, the sprocket mechanism and the attached scraper 15 drive the material to gradually move toward the material discharge port 28. The material is mixed, soaked, and sprayed by the extraction solvent inside the drag chain extractor to complete the leaching and extraction of the target components in the material. When the material is discharged from the material discharge port 28, the weight sensor 7 is triggered, and the weight sensor 7 feeds back a signal to the PLC controller 16. The controller calculates the required instantaneous liquid inflow of the extraction solvent according to the instantaneous feeding amount of the feeding metering scale 5 and the process indicator ratio, and adjusts the extraction solvent inflow regulating valve 8 and the extraction solvent inflow flowmeter 9 through the proportional, integral, and differential control algorithms to provide real-time feedback to stabilize the instantaneous liquid inflow of the extraction solvent at half of the calculated instantaneous liquid inflow of the extraction solvent. At the same time, the controller automatically adjusts the opening of the extraction liquid discharge regulating valve 12 through the proportional, integral and differential control algorithms based on the liquid level in the extractor detected in real time by the pressure level gauge 10, and controls the instantaneous discharge volume of the extraction liquid by adjusting the opening of the extraction liquid discharge regulating valve 12, so as to stabilize the extraction solvent level in the extractor within the process index range. Since the liquid level in the drag chain extractor has reached the preset liquid level value when the material is first added to the drag chain extractor, the liquid level in the drag chain extractor is higher than the preset liquid level when the material enters the drag chain extractor. However, at this moment, the instantaneous inflow of the extraction solvent is only half of the inflow calculated according to the material-liquid ratio, and under the regulating action of the extraction liquid discharge regulating valve 12, after a certain period of time, the liquid level in the drag chain extractor recovers and stabilizes to the preset liquid level height. When the liquid level in the drag chain extractor recovers and stabilizes to the preset liquid level height, the controller 16 adjusts the opening of the extraction solvent inlet regulating valve 8 according to the instantaneous feed amount of the feed metering scale 5, and readjusts the instantaneous inflow of the extraction solvent to the calculated value.

[0064] Among them, the principle of proportional, integral, and differential control algorithm (PID) is as follows:

[0065]

[0066] The proportional, integral, and differential control algorithms are based on the proportional gain K P , integral gain K I and differential gain K D Composition, calculated with e(t) as the error, proportional band It means that when the controlled quantity produces a delta deviation, the regulating valve can output a full-scale change. Increasing the proportional band, that is, reducing the proportional gain, will enhance the system stability, but reduce the system accuracy; conversely, reducing the proportional band, that is, increasing the proportional gain, will improve the system accuracy, but reduce the system stability. By reasonably setting the three gain coefficients, the PID control algorithm can achieve precise control of the system.

[0067] In this embodiment, when the drag chain extractor stops working, the controller 16 automatically controls the feeding scraper 4, the feeding weighing scale 5, and the feeding auger 6 to stop working, and then completely closes the extraction solvent inlet regulating valve 8 and the extraction liquid discharge regulating valve 12. At this moment, the instantaneous material feeding amount, the extraction solvent inlet amount, and the extraction liquid discharge amount are all zero. The remaining material in the drag chain extractor is mixed, soaked, and extracted under the drive of the sprocket mechanism and the attached scraper 15 until it is completely discharged from the material discharge port 28.

[0068] In this embodiment, when the remaining material is completely discharged from the material discharge port 28, the weight sensor 7 feeds back the detected weight to the controller, and the controller automatically controls the extraction liquid discharge regulating valve 12 to adjust the instantaneous flow rate of the extraction liquid discharge to a preset value until the liquid level in the drag chain extractor drops to within the preset liquid level range. The pressure level gauge 10 feeds back a signal to the controller and stops the extraction liquid discharge regulating valve 12 and the extraction solvent circulation pump 11 from working.

[0069] In this embodiment, temperature sensor 1 17, temperature sensor 2 18, and temperature sensor 3 19 installed on the side of the drag chain extractor shell 1 detect the extraction solvent temperature in real time. When the extraction solvent temperature in the front, middle, and rear sections of the drag chain extractor deviates from the preset temperature, the controller adjusts the opening of steam inlet regulating valve 1 20, steam inlet regulating valve 2 21, and steam inlet regulating valve 3 22 through a proportional, integral, and differential (PID) control algorithm, and adjusts the instantaneous steam inlet flow in the corresponding steam heat exchange pipe 1 23, steam heat exchange pipe 24, and steam heat exchange pipe 3 25, and stabilizes the extraction solvent temperature in the drag chain extractor within the preset temperature range through heat exchange between steam and the extraction solvent.

Claims

1. A drag chain extractor material-liquid ratio, liquid level, and temperature automatic adjustment system, characterized by: It comprises a drag chain extractor housing (1), and a control mechanism, a liquid inlet mechanism, a material feeding mechanism, a material discharging mechanism, and an extracting liquid draining mechanism arranged on the drag chain extractor housing (1), wherein the liquid inlet mechanism, the material feeding mechanism, the material discharging mechanism, and the extracting liquid draining mechanism are all connected to the control mechanism.

2. The drag chain extractor material-liquid ratio, liquid level and temperature automatic adjustment system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The liquid inlet mechanism comprises an extraction solvent inlet (29) arranged at one end of the drag chain extractor housing (1), a pipeline connected to the extraction solvent inlet (29), an extraction solvent inlet flow meter (9) and an extraction solvent inlet regulating valve (8) arranged in sequence on the pipeline, and a pressure level gauge (10) arranged at the bottom of the drag chain extractor housing (1); The feeding mechanism comprises a material feeding port (26) arranged at the other end of the drag chain extractor housing (1), and the material feeding port (26) is provided with a feeding auger (6), a feeding metering scale (5), and a feeding scraper (4) connected end to end in sequence; The discharge mechanism comprises a material chamber arranged inside a drag chain extractor housing (1), a sprocket mechanism arranged in the material chamber, a plurality of scrapers (15) arranged on the sprocket mechanism, a partitioning seepage plate (14) arranged in the material chamber and below the sprocket mechanism and the scrapers (15), a material discharge port (28) arranged at the outlet of the material chamber, and a weight sensor (7) arranged at the material discharge port (28), wherein the material feed port (26) corresponds to the material chamber, the weight sensor (7) is located at the rear of the partitioning seepage plate (14), and the partitioning seepage plate (14) is a multi-layer partitioning seepage plate; The extract liquid discharge mechanism comprises an extract liquid discharge port (27) arranged on the drag chain extractor housing (1), an extract solvent circulation pump (11) arranged in the drag chain extractor housing (1) and connected to the extract liquid discharge port (27), an extract liquid discharge regulating valve (12) and an extract liquid discharge flow meter (13) which are sequentially arranged at the extract liquid discharge port (27) through a pipeline; The control mechanism comprises a controller (16) connected to a weight sensor (7) and arranged on an outer side wall of a drag chain extractor housing (1); the controller (16) is also connected to a feed scraper (4), a feed auger (6), a feed weighing scale (5), a pressure level gauge (10), an extraction solvent inlet regulating valve (8), an extraction solvent inlet flow meter (9), an extraction solvent circulation pump (11), an extraction liquid discharge regulating valve (12), an extraction liquid discharge flow meter (13), a sprocket mechanism and a scraper (15).

3. The drag chain extractor material-liquid ratio, liquid level and temperature automatic adjustment system according to claim 2 is characterized by: It also includes a temperature regulating mechanism connected to the controller (16), the temperature regulating mechanism including a temperature sensor arranged on the inner wall of the drag chain extractor housing (1), the height of the temperature sensor being located below the liquid separation plate (14); a steam heat exchange pipeline is correspondingly arranged at the lower part of the drag chain extractor housing (1), and a steam inlet regulating valve is arranged at the steam inlet of the steam heat exchange pipeline.

4. The drag chain extractor material-liquid ratio, liquid level and temperature automatic adjustment system according to claim 3 is characterized by: There are three temperature sensors, namely temperature sensor 1 (17), temperature sensor 2 (18), and temperature sensor 3 (19); the steam heat exchange pipeline corresponds to three sections of circuitous steam heat exchange pipelines, namely steam heat exchange pipeline 1 (23), steam heat exchange pipeline 2 (24), and steam heat exchange pipeline 3 (25); the steam heat exchange pipeline 1 (23), steam heat exchange pipeline 2 (24), and steam heat exchange pipeline 3 (25) are respectively provided with steam inlet regulating valve 1 (20), steam inlet regulating valve 2 (21), and steam inlet regulating valve 3 (22); the temperature sensor 1 (17), temperature sensor 2 (18), temperature sensor 3 (19), steam inlet regulating valve 1 (20), steam inlet regulating valve 2 (21), and steam inlet regulating valve 3 (22) are all connected to the controller (16).

5. The drag chain extractor material-liquid ratio, liquid level and temperature automatic adjustment system according to claim 4 is characterized by: Temperature sensor 1 (17), temperature sensor 2 (18), and temperature sensor 3 (19) are respectively installed at the front section, middle section, and rear section of the side of the drag chain extractor housing (1).

6. The drag chain extractor material-liquid ratio, liquid level and temperature automatic adjustment system according to claim 2 is characterized by: The drag chain extractor shell (1) comprises a horizontal section shell (2) and an upper inclined section shell (3) connected to each other. The lower end of the head of the horizontal section shell (2) is provided with an extraction liquid discharge port (27), and the upper end of the head is provided with a material feed port (26); the lower end of the head of the upper inclined section shell (3) is provided with an extraction solvent inlet port (29), and the tail is provided with a material discharge port (28); an extraction solvent circulation pump (11) is located at the lower end of the head in the horizontal section shell (2), and a pressure level gauge (10) is located at the bottom of the horizontal section shell (2).

7. The drag chain extractor material-liquid ratio, liquid level and temperature automatic adjustment system according to claim 2 is characterized by: An explosion-proof control box is also provided, and is located beside the controller (16), and the controller (16) is a PLC controller.

8. A method for automatically adjusting the material-liquid ratio, liquid level and temperature of a drag chain extractor, using the system according to any one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that: The specific process is S1. When the drag chain extractor starts to work, the extraction solvent inlet regulating valve (8) is fully opened. When the extraction solvent liquid level in the drag chain extractor reaches a preset process height, the feeding scraper (4), the feeding metering scale (5), the feeding auger (6), the sprocket mechanism and the attached scraper (15) automatically start to work, feeding the material onto the separation seepage plate (14), and the extraction solvent inlet regulating valve (8) is automatically closed; S2, after the material is thrown onto the separation seepage plate (14), the sprocket mechanism and the attached scraper (15) drive the material to gradually move toward the material discharge port (28), and when the material is discharged from the material discharge port (28), the weight sensor (7) is triggered; S3. When the weight sensor (7) detects that the material begins to be discharged from the material discharge port (28), the controller (16) automatically adjusts the opening of the extraction solvent inlet regulating valve (8) in accordance with the material instantaneous feeding amount measured in real time by the feeding weighing scale (5) at the material feeding port (26) and the required proportion of the process index, and adjusts the instantaneous feeding amount of the extraction solvent to the calculated value, wherein the weight sensor (7) is used to detect whether the extraction material has begun to be discharged from the material discharge port (28); S4, the controller (16) detects the extraction solvent level in the drag chain extractor in real time according to the pressure level gauge (10) at the bottom of the drag chain extractor, and the controller (16) automatically adjusts the opening of the extraction liquid discharge regulating valve (12) through a control algorithm, and stabilizes the extraction solvent level in the drag chain extractor to within the process indicator level value range by controlling the instantaneous extraction liquid discharge volume; S5. When the weight sensor (7) detects that the material has been completely discharged from the material discharge port (28), the extraction solvent inlet regulating valve (8), the sprocket mechanism and the attached scraper (15) are automatically closed. When the pressure level gauge (10) detects that the extraction solvent level in the drag chain extractor drops to a preset level value, the extraction liquid discharge regulating valve (12) and the extraction solvent circulation pump (11) are automatically closed. The weight sensor (7) is used to detect whether the extraction material has been completely discharged from the material discharge port (28).

9. A method for automatically adjusting the material-liquid ratio, liquid level and temperature of a drag chain extractor according to claim 8, characterized in that: In S3, "automatically adjusting the opening of the extraction solvent inlet regulating valve (8) in accordance with the ratio required by the process index, and adjusting the instantaneous inlet amount of the extraction solvent to the calculated value" specifically means: According to the required proportion of the process index, the expected extraction solvent inlet flow rate is calculated, the instantaneous error between the expected value and the actual value of the extraction solvent inlet flow rate is used as the first control parameter, the integral cumulative amount of the error between the expected value and the actual value of the extraction solvent inlet flow rate is used as the second control parameter, and the error change rate between the expected value and the actual value of the extraction solvent inlet flow rate is used as the third control parameter. The control output value is obtained based on the proportional, integral and differential control algorithm of the first control parameter, the second control parameter and the third control parameter. The control output value determines the opening of the extraction solvent inlet regulating valve (8), and the instantaneous extraction solvent inlet flow rate is adjusted to half of the calculated value; In S4, "the controller (16) automatically adjusts the opening of the extraction liquid discharge regulating valve (12) through a control algorithm, and stabilizes the extraction solvent level in the drag chain extractor within the process indicator level value range by controlling the instantaneous extraction liquid discharge volume", specifically refers to The instantaneous error between the preset value and the actual value of the extraction solvent level in the drag chain extractor is used as control parameter four, the integral accumulation of the error between the preset value and the actual value of the extraction solvent level is used as control parameter five, and the error change rate between the preset value and the actual value of the extraction solvent level is used as control parameter six. Control parameters four, five and six are used to obtain control output values ​​based on proportional, integral and differential control algorithms. The control output value determines the opening of the extraction liquid discharge regulating valve (12) and the instantaneous flow rate of the extraction liquid discharge, and at the same time, the extraction solvent circulation pump (11) is turned on to stabilize the extraction solvent level in the drag chain extractor to within the process indicator level value range. Then, the controller (16) adjusts the opening of the extraction solvent inlet regulating valve (8) according to the instantaneous feed amount of the feed metering scale (5) to readjust the instantaneous inlet amount of the extraction solvent to the measured value.

10. The method for automatically adjusting the material-liquid ratio, liquid level and temperature of a drag chain extractor according to claim 8, characterized in that: Based on the extraction solvent temperatures of the front, middle and rear sections of the horizontal section shell (2) detected in real time by temperature sensor 1 (17), temperature sensor 2 (18) and temperature sensor 3 (19), the openings of steam inlet regulating valve 1 (20), steam inlet regulating valve 2 (21) and steam inlet regulating valve 3 (22) at the corresponding positions below are automatically adjusted, and the extraction solvent temperature is stabilized at a preset process temperature by controlling the steam flow in steam heat exchange pipe 1 (23), steam heat exchange pipe 2 (24) and steam heat exchange pipe 3 (25).

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