A high-efficiency pretreatment system and treatment method for kitchen waste

Abstract

The present application discloses an efficient pretreatment system and treatment method for restaurant kitchen waste, the pretreatment system comprising a material receiving and conveying unit, a primary hydraulic pulping and sorting unit, a secondary hydraulic pulping and sorting unit, a solid-liquid separation unit, a sand removal unit, an oil-water separation unit and an impurity conveying unit. The system can efficiently crush restaurant kitchen waste into fine pulp through the two-stage hydraulic pulping and sorting unit, thereby improving pulping effect and impurity removal rate and reducing organic matter loss. The fine pulp is then sequentially subjected to deslagging and refinement by the solid-liquid separation unit and the sand removal unit, thereby avoiding subsequent equipment blockage or damage and improving the operational safety of the system. The system can effectively realize solid-liquid separation and oil-water separation of restaurant kitchen waste, thereby facilitating subsequent resource utilization and improving resource utilization efficiency. The application of the system to restaurant kitchen waste treatment can improve pulping effect, facilitate subsequent treatment, simplify the subsequent treatment process and improve the treatment speed and efficiency of restaurant kitchen waste.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of food waste treatment, and in particular to a pretreatment system and treatment method capable of completely separating usable materials from food waste, maximizing resource utilization, and reducing operating costs. Background Art

[0002] As waste generated from residents' daily lives and activities such as food processing and catering services, food waste has the characteristics of high moisture content, high organic matter content and easy decay. If not handled properly, it is easy to produce odor and pollute the environment. However, after scientific pretreatment and processing, food waste can also be converted into valuable resources, such as fertilizer, feed, biofuel and biogas.

[0003] The food waste recycling industry currently uses a common technology: Before food waste enters the primary treatment system, it undergoes necessary pretreatment processes, including storage, bag breaking, sorting, impurity removal, and solid-liquid separation. This removes inorganic impurities like glass, ceramics, metal, plastic, rubber, and sand and gravel from the waste, and then processes the organic matter into a resource-based form. Food waste pretreatment systems typically consist of receiving equipment, sorting equipment, crushing equipment, and solid-liquid separation equipment. These systems provide initial treatment for food waste, making it more suitable for subsequent advanced processing, such as anaerobic fermentation, high-temperature hydrolysis, aerobic fermentation, and composting.

[0004] First, the collected food waste is transported to the processing plant by specialized garbage collection vehicles and unloaded into a receiving hopper. This hopper typically has a large capacity, capable of temporarily storing a certain amount of waste, and its structural design prevents the waste from scattering and odors from escaping. Waste reception is a crucial step in the food waste treatment process, marking the beginning of the transition from collection to factory-based treatment. The garbage reception process plays a crucial role in connecting the two processes, ensuring that food waste collected by the garbage collection vehicles enters the receiving device smoothly, steadily, safely, and environmentally friendly. After initial drainage, it is transferred to the back-end processing equipment.

[0005] Sorting equipment is primarily used to separate large impurities from food waste, such as plastic bottles, plastic bags, cans, glass bottles, tableware, textiles, and other inorganic components. Failure to remove these impurities can affect the normal operation of subsequent processing equipment. Sorting typically involves manual or mechanical sorting. While mechanical sorting significantly improves efficiency, it carries the risk of missed items, impacting the operational stability of back-end equipment.

[0006] Crushing equipment generally uses coarse crushing, fine crushing, and hydraulic crushing methods to break down large pieces of sorted food waste, such as bones and large vegetable roots, into smaller pieces to facilitate further processing. Crushing equipment's cutters are generally sturdy and can withstand significant impact. For example, a twin-shaft shearing shredder uses cutters on two counter-rotating shafts to shear and crush the waste. Sometimes, to meet demands for oil extraction and further resource utilization of organic matter, it's necessary to crush the waste more finely, breaking it into smaller particles and making the particle size more uniform. Crushing equipment generally suffers from issues such as wear, poor sealing, and a high rate of operational failures.

[0007] Solid-liquid separation equipment typically uses high-speed centrifugal dehydration and extrusion dehydration to separate the solid residue from the slurry after crushing food waste. In actual operation, incomplete solid-liquid separation is a common problem. The high moisture content of the solid residue and the presence of a large amount of solid residue impurities in the slurry affect the energy consumption and operational stability of the back-end food waste processing equipment.

[0008] In addition to the aforementioned equipment, food waste pretreatment systems also require interconnected conveying equipment. This results in complex process equipment, low operational efficiency, a large footprint, and high investment costs. Furthermore, traditional food waste pretreatment systems suffer from issues such as clogging, odor emission, rapid equipment wear, high energy consumption, complex processes, low processing efficiency, and poor pretreatment results, all of which impact the operational stability of food waste treatment plants. Therefore, current food waste resource recovery processes and equipment remain plagued by numerous challenges, necessitating a new technical solution to address these challenges. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The present application provides an efficient pretreatment system and treatment method for food waste, which are used to solve the problem that the current food waste resource treatment process is complex and inefficient.

[0010] In order to achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solutions:

[0011] On the one hand, the present application provides an efficient pretreatment system for food waste, comprising a material receiving and conveying unit, a primary hydraulic pulping and sorting unit, a secondary hydraulic pulping and sorting unit, a solid-liquid separation unit, a sand removal unit, an oil-water separation unit, and an impurity conveying unit, wherein:

[0012] The material receiving and conveying unit is used to receive food waste and convey the food waste to the feed inlet of the first-level hydraulic pulping and sorting unit; the first-level hydraulic pulping and sorting unit is used to crush the food waste therein into coarse pulp and screen and remove impurities; the second-level hydraulic pulping and sorting unit is used to receive the coarse slurry after screening and impurity removal and crush it into fine slurry for a second time; the solid-liquid separation unit is used to separate the slurry and solid phase in the fine slurry; the sand removal unit receives the separated slurry and removes the sandy heavy residue in the slurry; the oil-water separation unit includes a pyrolysis tank and a three-phase centrifuge, the pyrolysis tank is used to receive the slurry discharged from the sand removal unit and heat and keep it warm, the three-phase centrifuge is used to receive the slurry output from the pyrolysis tank and separate it into oil phase, liquid phase and solid phase; the impurity conveying unit is used to convey the separated impurities to the target treatment point.

[0013] The above technical solution further includes a solid-liquid extrusion unit, and the filter residue screened from the coarse slurry is separated into solid residue and slurry by the solid-liquid extrusion unit, and the slurry is fed into the feed port of the first-level hydraulic pulping and separation unit.

[0014] Furthermore, the material receiving and conveying unit includes a unloading platform, a receiving bin and a conveying device; the unloading platform is used to receive food waste transported by the food collection and transportation vehicle; the receiving bin is used to store the food waste and coarsely crush the food waste through a crushing mechanism arranged therein, and the crushing mechanism includes a rotating cutter disc and crushing knives arranged on the rotating cutter disc; the conveying device is used to transport the food waste in the receiving bin to the feed inlet of the first-level hydraulic pulping and sorting unit.

[0015] Furthermore, the first-stage hydraulic pulping and sorting unit includes a feeding device, a rotary hydraulic pulping device, a labyrinth-type discharging device and a rotary sorting device, wherein:

[0016] The feeding device includes a barrel, a spiral rotor is horizontally arranged in the barrel, one end of the spiral rotor extends out of the barrel and is connected to the gear reducer, a feeding port is provided on the barrel, and the discharge end of the barrel is rotatably connected to the inlet end of the rotary hydraulic pulping equipment and is sealed by a sealing device;

[0017] The rotary hydraulic pulping equipment includes a rotary drum, a rotary drive device for driving the rotary drum to rotate, and a plurality of disturbance bag breaking devices arranged in a spiral line along the central axis of the rotary drum; the disturbance bag breaking device includes a support plate, a disturbance plate arranged on one side of the support plate, and a bag breaking knife installed on the disturbance plate. The disturbance plate is arranged obliquely in the rotary drum and forms an angle with the central axis of the rotary drum. The disturbance plate is inclined toward the discharge direction of the rotary drum to promote the discharge of material.

[0018] The labyrinth-type discharging equipment includes a plurality of discharging baffles, which are arranged in sequence at the discharging port of the rotary cylinder. A discharging hole is provided on each discharging baffle, and the discharging holes on any two adjacent discharging baffles are staggered.

[0019] The rotary sorting equipment includes an outer shell and a rotary screen arranged in the outer shell. A spiral belt is arranged in the rotary screen. A slurry collection area is formed between the rotary screen and the inner wall of the outer shell. The two ends of the rotary screen are sealed with the outer shell through labyrinth seals. The inlet end of the rotary screen is connected to the outlet end of the labyrinth discharging equipment. The outlet end of the rotary screen is provided with a closing structure, and a screen-surface material discharging conveyor is provided below the outlet end of the rotary screen. The bottom of the outer shell is provided with a screen-surface material discharging port for outputting coarse slurry.

[0020] Furthermore, the rotary drive device includes a rotary drive motor and a driving gear connected to the output end of the rotary drive motor. A rotary gear is provided on the outer wall of the rotary cylinder. The disk surface of the rotary gear is arranged along the radial direction of the rotary cylinder. The driving gear and the rotary gear are adapted to mesh with each other for transmission. The lower part of the rotary cylinder is supported by a supporting roller, and the upper part of the rotary cylinder is positioned by an upper pressure roller installed on a pressure roller mounting frame. The feeding equipment, supporting roller, rotary drive device and rotary sorting equipment are all installed on the equipment base.

[0021] Furthermore, the discharge holes on any two adjacent discharge baffles are staggered and do not overlap with each other, the discharge hole on one discharge baffle is close to the upper part of the rotating cylinder, and the discharge hole on the other discharge baffle is close to the lower part of the rotating cylinder.

[0022] Furthermore, the aperture of the sieve holes on the rotary screen ranges from 25 mm to 80 mm;

[0023] Furthermore, an inspection manhole is provided on the rotary cylinder, and an inspection quick-opening door is provided on the outer shell of the rotary sorting equipment.

[0024] Furthermore, the secondary hydraulic pulping and sorting unit includes a fine pulping device and a fine pulping drive device; the fine pulping device includes an equipment housing and a pulping main shaft horizontally arranged in the equipment housing, the passive end of the pulping main shaft passes through the equipment housing and is adapted to be installed with the passive end bearing seat, the active end of the pulping main shaft passes through the equipment housing and is adapted to be installed with the active end bearing seat, a sealing side cover is provided at the connection between the pulping main shaft and the equipment housing, a feed conveying spiral blade is provided on the side wall of the pulping main shaft near its active end, a discharge spiral blade and a discharge reverse spiral blade are provided on the side wall of the pulping main shaft near its passive end, a number of crushing chains are arranged in sequence between the discharge spiral blade and the feed conveying spiral blade, and the crushing chain is fastened to the pulping main shaft by fixing bolts.

[0025] Furthermore, an inlet is provided on the side wall of the equipment shell near the active end of the pulping main shaft, and the inlet is used to receive the coarse pulp output from the first-level hydraulic pulping and sorting unit. An upper discharge port and a lower discharge port are provided on the outer wall of the equipment shell near its discharge end, and a control valve is provided at the lower discharge port.

[0026] Furthermore, the fine pulping drive device includes a fine pulping drive motor and a motor pulley connected to the output end of the fine pulping drive motor, and the motor pulley is connected to the driven pulley at the driving end of the pulping main shaft through a belt transmission.

[0027] Furthermore, the solid-liquid separation unit includes a solid-liquid separator.

[0028] Furthermore, the desander unit includes a cyclone desander and a high-concentration desander connected in sequence.

[0029] Furthermore, the pyrolysis tank includes a tank body and an interlayer arranged outside the tank body, a heating coil is arranged between the interlayer and the tank body, and a heat medium is poured into the heating coil.

[0030] On the other hand, the present application also provides a method for efficiently pre-processing food waste, which uses the above-mentioned efficient food waste pre-processing system. The method for efficiently pre-processing food waste includes the following steps:

[0031] S1: The food waste is transported to the first-level hydraulic pulping and sorting unit through the material receiving and conveying unit. The first-level hydraulic pulping and sorting unit crushes the food waste into coarse pulp and screens and removes impurities to obtain coarse pulp and filter residue;

[0032] S2: The coarse pulp is sent to the secondary hydraulic pulping and separation unit for secondary crushing to obtain fine pulp;

[0033] S3: The fine slurry is sent to the solid-liquid separation unit to separate the slurry and solid phase;

[0034] S4: The slurry separated by the solid-liquid separation unit is sent to the sand removal unit to remove the sandy heavy residue in the slurry;

[0035] S5: The slurry output from the sand removal unit is sent to a pyrolysis tank for heating and heat preservation, and the slurry in the pyrolysis tank is sent to a three-phase centrifuge for three-phase separation of oil phase, liquid phase and solid phase;

[0036] S6: The liquid phase separated by the three-phase centrifuge is sent to the first-level hydraulic pulping and sorting unit for re-pulping and sorting.

[0037] In the above technical solution, the filter residue obtained in step S1 is further sent to a solid-liquid extrusion unit for extrusion treatment to obtain residue and slurry, and the extruded slurry is sent to a primary hydraulic pulping and separation unit for further pulping and separation.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, this application has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0039] 1. The efficient pretreatment system for food waste provided by the present application mainly includes a material receiving and conveying unit, a first-level hydraulic pulping and sorting unit, a second-level hydraulic pulping and sorting unit, a solid-liquid separation unit, a sand removal unit, an oil-water separation unit and an impurity conveying unit. The system can efficiently crush food waste into fine slurry through the two-stage hydraulic pulping and sorting unit, thereby improving the pulping effect and impurity removal rate and reducing the loss of organic matter. The fine slurry is then removed and refined in the solid-liquid separation unit and the sand removal unit in turn to avoid equipment blockage or damage, protect the three-phase separator, and improve the operational safety of the system. The oil-water separation unit can effectively realize the solid-liquid separation and oil-water separation of food waste, thereby facilitating subsequent resource utilization and improving the efficiency of material utilization. Furthermore, the system can ensure that the organic matter in the food waste is as slurried as possible through the two-stage hydraulic pulping and sorting unit, thereby facilitating subsequent treatment, simplifying the subsequent treatment process, and improving the treatment speed and efficiency of food waste.

[0040] 2. The present application also uses a solid-liquid extrusion unit to extrude and dehydrate the filter residue after screening by the first-level hydraulic pulping and sorting unit. The extruded slurry can be sent to the first-level hydraulic pulping and sorting unit to continue to be used for pulping and sorting, thereby reducing the addition of external process water, reducing the amount of sewage treatment, and recycling the organic matter in the kitchen waste as much as possible. The residue after extrusion can be sent to the subsequent organic silo for recycling and treatment, thereby realizing efficient utilization of resources.

[0041] 3. In this application, a crushing mechanism capable of coarsely crushing the food waste is provided in the receiving bin of the material receiving and conveying unit, which can coarsely crush the food waste fed into the two-stage hydraulic pulping and sorting unit, thereby reducing the presence of large pieces of material. This not only reduces the risk of conveying blockage and improves system stability, but also makes the material entering the subsequent hydraulic pulping and sorting unit more uniform, thereby improving the pulping and sorting efficiency.

[0042] 4. The first-level hydraulic pulping and sorting unit in this application adopts a segmented structure design and has multiple functional modules, including feeding equipment, rotary hydraulic pulping equipment, labyrinth discharge equipment and rotary sorting equipment in sequence. This segmented design can reduce the risk of system failure and improve the reliability of the overall operation, among which: the spiral rotor is arranged in the barrel of the feeding equipment, which can effectively promote the uniform transportation and mixing of materials, improve the feeding speed and the continuity of material processing; the disturbance bag breaking device is arranged in the rotary hydraulic pulping equipment, which can effectively crush the bagged materials, promote the decomposition of the materials and the generation of slurry, thereby improving the pulping efficiency; the labyrinth discharge equipment is through the discharge hole on each discharge baffle, and any The discharge holes on two adjacent discharge baffles are staggered up and down and do not overlap with each other. For example, the discharge holes on adjacent discharge baffles are arranged 180° to form a maze-like channel, which can effectively control the flow of slurry, enable the rotary hydraulic pulping equipment to maintain a high liquid level, and ensure the hydraulic pulping effect of the material; the setting of the rotary screen in the rotary sorting equipment can provide a larger screening area and promote the discharge of solid residue under the conveying action of the spiral belt; this system can effectively prevent material leakage and avoid the spread of odor during the processing process through the sealing design between the barrel and the rotary hydraulic pulping equipment and the rotary screen. It reduces the failure rate during system operation and improves overall stability and health safety.

[0043] 5. The aperture of the sieve holes on the rotary screen in this application ranges from 25 mm to 80 mm. In specific applications, it can be configured according to process requirements. The larger the aperture, the less material on the sieve and the less organic matter loss.

[0044] 6. The secondary hydraulic pulping and separation unit in this application includes a fine pulping device and a fine pulping drive device. The feed conveying spiral blade is set on the pulping main shaft of the fine pulping device, which helps to improve the material conveying efficiency, ensure that the raw materials can quickly and evenly enter the pulping area, and reduce the risk of blockage; the discharge spiral blade on the pulping main shaft can help the slurry to maintain uniform distribution during the discharge process, ensure that the material can be discharged smoothly, and avoid blockage. At the same time, the discharge reverse spiral blade on the pulping main shaft can create a reverse flow direction, provide additional driving force during the material flow process, and help the slurry flow backward, thereby preventing Prevent the backflow or retention of materials; in addition, a crushing chain is set between the discharge spiral blade and the feed conveying spiral blade, which can effectively increase the crushing force of the material and promote the full pulping of the material, thereby improving the fineness and uniformity of the slurry; two upper and lower discharge ports are set on the equipment shell of the fine pulping equipment. During normal operation, the material is discharged through the upper discharge port, which can control the fine pulping equipment shell to be filled with slurry, and the material can be repeatedly beaten and pulped. The lower discharge port is controlled by the control valve. When the equipment is to be shut down, the control valve is opened to empty the material in the fine pulping equipment shell so that the secondary fine pulping unit can be started smoothly when it is started again.

[0045] 7. The pyrolysis tank in the oil-water separation unit of the present application includes a tank body and an interlayer arranged outside the tank body. The interlayer heating method can avoid increasing the condensed water in the slurry, avoid excessive process water entering the material, and reduce the amount of sewage treatment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. It should be understood that the specific shapes and structures shown in the drawings should not generally be regarded as limiting conditions for implementing the present application; for example, based on the technical concepts and exemplary drawings disclosed in this application, those skilled in the art are able to easily make routine adjustments or further optimizations to the addition / reduction / attribution division, specific shapes, positional relationships, connection methods, and dimensional ratios of certain units (components).

[0047] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a two-stage linkage hydraulic pulping and separation system for efficient pretreatment of kitchen waste provided by the present application in one embodiment;

[0048] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A left-side structural schematic diagram of the structure shown;

[0049] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure shown is a right view;

[0050] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of the feeding equipment in this application in one embodiment;

[0051] Figure 5 It is a side view schematic diagram of the installation state of the disturbance bag breaking device in the present application in an embodiment;

[0052] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of six discharge baffles constituting the labyrinth-type discharge device of the present application in one embodiment;

[0053] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the installation position of the spiral belt in the rotary screen in one embodiment;

[0054] Figure 8 This is a schematic structural diagram of a disturbance bag breaking device in one embodiment;

[0055] Figure 9 for Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the top view structure;

[0056] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of a fine pulping device in one embodiment;

[0057] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the structure of a fine pulping drive device in one embodiment.

[0058] Figure 12 The present invention provides a process flow chart of the pretreatment method according to one embodiment.

[0059] Description of reference numerals:

[0060] 1. Feeding equipment; 101. Gear reducer; 102. Feeding port; 103. Screw rotor; 104. Equipment bracket;

[0061] 2. Sealing device;

[0062] 3. Rotary hydraulic pulping equipment;

[0063] 4. Inspection manhole;

[0064] 5. Rotary gear;

[0065] 6. Disturbance bag breaking device; 601. Bag breaking knife; 602. Disturbance plate; 603. Support plate; 604. Bag breaking knife fixing bolt;

[0066] 7. Labyrinth-type discharging device; 701. First discharging baffle; 702. Second discharging baffle; 703. Third discharging baffle; 704. Fourth discharging baffle; 705. Fifth discharging baffle; 706. Sixth discharging baffle;

[0067] 8. Rotary screen; 801. Screw ribbon;

[0068] 9. Labyrinth seal;

[0069] 10. Rotary sorting equipment housing;

[0070] 11. Check the quick-open door;

[0071] 12. Discharging conveyor for oversize material;

[0072] 13. Equipment base;

[0073] 14. Screen material discharge port;

[0074] 15. Fine pulping drive device; 1501. Fine pulping drive motor; 1502. Motor base; 1503. Motor pulley; 1504. Belt;

[0075] 16. Fine pulping equipment; 1601. Passive end bearing seat; 1602. Discharge reverse spiral blade; 1603. Discharge spiral blade; 1604. Crushing chain; 1605. Crushing chain mounting seat; 1606. Crushing chain fixing bolt; 1607. Pulping main shaft; 1608. Feed and conveying spiral blade; 1609. Active end bearing seat; 1610. Sealing side cover; 1611. Driven pulley;

[0076] 17. Fine pulping equipment housing;

[0077] 18. Rotary drive device;

[0078] 19. Support roller;

[0079] 20. Lower discharge port;

[0080] 21. Upper discharge port;

[0081] 22. Control valve;

[0082] 23. Upper pressing wheel;

[0083] 24. Upper pressure wheel mounting frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0084] The present application will be further described below in detail through specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0085] In the description of this application, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" and "several" mean two or more. The terms "including," "comprising," "having," and the like in this application also mean "not limited to" (certain units, components, materials, steps, etc.).

[0086] Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and "center" used in this application are generally intended to facilitate intuitive understanding when compared with the accompanying drawings and are not intended to be absolute limitations on positional relationships in actual products. Changes to these relative positional relationships are considered within the scope of this application without departing from the technical concepts disclosed herein.

[0087] This application provides an energy-saving, easy-to-maintain, efficient food waste pretreatment system and treatment method. By optimizing the system structure and improving the process, the efficiency of food waste treatment and resource utilization are improved, achieving the goal of fully utilizing the oil, solid, and liquid phases of food waste. The efficient food waste pretreatment system and treatment method provided by this application are described in detail below through specific examples.

[0088] Example 1

[0089] The present embodiment provides a high-efficiency pretreatment system for food waste, which is mainly composed of a material receiving and conveying unit, a primary hydraulic pulping and sorting unit, a secondary hydraulic pulping and sorting unit, a solid-liquid separation unit, a sand removal unit, an oil-water separation unit and an impurity conveying unit, wherein: the material receiving and conveying unit is used to receive food waste and convey the food waste to the feed inlet of the primary hydraulic pulping and sorting unit; the primary hydraulic pulping and sorting unit is used to crush the food waste therein into a coarse pulp and screen and remove impurities; the secondary hydraulic pulping and sorting unit is used to crush the food waste therein into a coarse pulp and screen and remove impurities; The unit receives the coarse slurry after screening and impurity removal and crushes it into a fine slurry. The solid-liquid separation unit separates the slurry from the solid phase in the fine slurry. The sand removal unit receives the separated slurry and removes the sandy heavy residue from the slurry. The oil-water separation unit includes a pyrolysis tank and a three-phase centrifuge. The pyrolysis tank receives the slurry discharged from the sand removal unit and heats and insulates it. The three-phase centrifuge receives the slurry output from the pyrolysis tank and separates it into oil, liquid, and solid phases. The impurity transport unit transports the separated impurities to the target treatment point. The structure and function of each unit are described in detail below.

[0090] 1. Material receiving and conveying unit

[0091] In this embodiment, the material receiving and conveying unit mainly includes a unloading platform, a receiving bin and a conveying device, wherein: the unloading platform is used to receive food waste transported by the food waste collection and transportation vehicle; the receiving bin is used to store the food waste and coarsely crush the food waste through a crushing mechanism arranged therein, and the crushing mechanism includes a rotating cutter disc and crushing knives arranged on the rotating cutter disc; the conveying device is used to transport the food waste in the receiving bin to the feed inlet of the first-level hydraulic pulping and sorting unit.

[0092] In a specific application example, the food waste collection and transportation vehicle enters the factory and enters the unloading room after being weighed by the scale. The door of the unloading room is closed, and the vehicle unloads after the rapid rolling door opens at the unloading chute. This serves as the front end of the pretreatment process and also the front end of the treatment system. The material receiving and conveying unit in this application has a certain capacity, which can realize continuous or intermittent feeding of the food waste collection and transportation vehicle. The food waste collection and transportation vehicle unloads the food waste into the receiving bin through the unloading platform. The unloading platform acts as a buffer, and all materials enter the material receiving and conveying unit through the unloading platform. The discharging equipment of the material receiving and conveying unit can realize continuous discharging and conveying with adjustable flow, ensuring the continuous operation of the back-end equipment.

[0093] The material receiving and conveying unit in this application is provided with a crushing mechanism which combines a rotating cutter disc and a crushing knife, so as to coarsely crush the food waste and reduce the presence of large pieces of material. This not only reduces the risk of conveying blockage and improves the stability of the system, but also makes the material entering the subsequent hydraulic pulping and sorting unit more uniform, thereby improving the pulping and sorting efficiency.

[0094] 2. Primary hydraulic pulping and separation unit

[0095] In this embodiment, the first-stage hydraulic pulping and separation unit mainly includes a feeding device 1, a rotary hydraulic pulping device 3, a labyrinth-type discharging device 7 and a rotary separation device.

[0096] See also Figure 1 、 4 Feeding device 1 includes a barrel with a spiral rotor 103 horizontally mounted inside. One end of spiral rotor 103 extends out of the barrel and is connected to a gear reducer 101. A feed port 102 is defined in the barrel. Food waste from the front-end material receiving and conveying unit and recycled wastewater from the back-end three-phase separator enter the primary hydraulic pulping and separation unit through the feed port. Because food waste contains a high concentration of solids, feeding device 1 utilizes spiral rotor 103 to ensure smooth entry of food waste into rotary hydraulic pulping device 3.

[0097] The discharge end of the barrel of the feeding device 1 is rotatably connected to the inlet end of the rotary hydraulic pulping device 3 and is sealed via a sealing device 2. The setting of the sealing device 2 prevents the slurry inside the rotary hydraulic pulping device 3 from leaking when the rotary hydraulic pulping device 3 rotates.

[0098] See also Figure 1 、 5 The rotary hydraulic pulping equipment 3 primarily comprises a rotary drum, a rotary drive 18 for driving the drum, and a plurality of agitation and bag-breaking devices 6 arranged in a spiral pattern along the central axis of the rotary drum. Driven by the rotary drive 18, the drum rotates, causing the food waste inside to rotate under the stirring action of the agitation and bag-breaking devices 6. The organic solids in the food waste are beaten and rubbed by the hydraulic force, gradually reducing their particle size to form a slurry.

[0099] See also Figure 5 、 8 9. The disturbance bag breaking device 6 mainly includes a support plate 603, a disturbance plate 602 arranged on one side of the support plate 603, and a bag breaking knife 601 installed on the disturbance plate 602. The disturbance plate 602 is arranged obliquely in the rotating cylinder and forms an angle with the central axis of the rotating cylinder. The disturbance plate 602 is inclined toward the discharge direction of the rotating cylinder to push the material out. In this application, the disturbance bag breaking device 6 is arranged in a spiral line, and the disturbance plate 602 is arranged obliquely to push the material from left to right. The bag breaking knife 601 on the disturbance bag breaking device can cut some bagged garbage in the kitchen waste and release the garbage in the bag.

[0100] See also Figure 1 A maintenance manhole 4 is provided on the rotary hydraulic pulping equipment 3 to facilitate personnel to inspect and repair the disturbing bag breaking device 6.

[0101] See also Figure 1-3The rotary drive device 18 mainly includes a rotary drive motor and a driving gear connected to the output end of the rotary drive motor. A rotary gear 5 is provided on the outer wall of the rotary cylinder. The disk of the rotary gear 5 is arranged along the radial direction of the rotary cylinder. The driving gear and the rotary gear 5 are adapted to mesh and transmit the rotary gear. The lower part of the rotary cylinder is supported by the supporting roller 19, and the upper part of the rotary cylinder is positioned by the upper pressure roller 23 mounted on the pressure roller mounting frame, ensuring that the rotary hydraulic pulping equipment 3 can rotate rapidly under the drive of the rotary drive device 18. The aforementioned feeding device 1, supporting roller 19, rotary drive device 18 and rotary sorting equipment are all mounted on the equipment base 13.

[0102] See also Figure 1 and Figure 6 The labyrinth-type discharging device 7 mainly includes a plurality of discharging baffles, which are arranged at intervals at the discharging port of the rotary cylinder. Each discharging baffle is provided with a discharging hole, and the discharging holes on any two adjacent discharging baffles are staggered. In a specific embodiment, the discharging holes on any two adjacent discharging baffles are staggered up and down and do not overlap with each other. The discharging hole on one discharging baffle is close to the upper part of the rotary cylinder, and the discharging hole on the other discharging baffle is close to the lower part of the rotary cylinder. Figure 6 In (a)-(f), in one example, a six-layer discharge baffle can be used, and the discharge holes on any two adjacent discharge baffles are arranged 180° to form a maze-like channel, which can enable the rotary hydraulic pulping equipment 3 to maintain a high liquid level and ensure the hydraulic pulping effect of the material.

[0103] See also Figure 1 、 7 The rotary sorting equipment mainly includes a rotary sorting equipment shell 10 and a rotary screen 8 arranged in the rotary sorting equipment shell 10. A spiral belt 801 is arranged in the rotary screen 8. A slurry collection area is formed between the rotary screen 8 and the inner wall of the shell. The two ends of the rotary screen 8 are sealed with the shell through a labyrinth seal 9; the inlet end of the rotary screen 8 is connected to the outlet end of the labyrinth discharging device 7, and the outlet end of the rotary screen 8 is provided with a closing structure, and a screen-surface material discharging conveyor 12 is provided below the outlet end of the rotary screen 8. The bottom of the shell is provided with a screen-surface material discharging port 14 for outputting coarse slurry.

[0104] During the processing process, the slurry is discharged from the labyrinthine discharge device 7 onto the rotary screen 8 of the rotary sorting device. Slurry with a smaller aperture than the rotary screen 8 passes through the rotary screen 8 and enters the rotary sorting screen undersize discharge port 14 at the lower end. Solids with a larger aperture than the rotary screen 8 are transported to the right by the screw belt 801 and fall into the oversize discharge conveyor 12. The oversize discharge conveyor 12 then transports the oversize material to the back-end collection equipment or dewatering equipment. In a specific application example, the aperture of the rotary screen 8 ranges from 25 to 80 mm and can be configured according to actual process requirements. The larger the aperture, the less oversize material there is and the less organic matter loss there is.

[0105] The present application sets a closing structure at the outlet end of the rotary screen 8, such as Figure 1 When the oversize material is transported, it needs to be lifted to a certain height before it can fall into the oversize material discharge conveyor 12 to prevent the slurry from flowing directly into the oversize material discharge conveyor 12.

[0106] The rotary sorting device housing 10 in this application is a slurry collection device, which is connected to the device base 13. The rotary sorting device housing 10 is connected to the rotary screen 8 through a labyrinth seal 9 to reduce the overflow of the slurry. The rotary sorting device housing 10 is provided with an inspection quick-opening door 11, such as Figure 1 、 3 , you can open the lock and door to check the operation of the rotary screen 8 according to the operation needs.

[0107] Three and two hydraulic pulping and sorting units

[0108] In this embodiment, the secondary hydraulic pulping and separation unit mainly includes a fine pulping device 16 and a fine pulping driving device 15 .

[0109] like Figure 1 、 10 The fine pulping equipment 16 includes an equipment shell and a pulping main shaft 1607 horizontally arranged in the equipment shell. The passive end of the pulping main shaft 1607 passes through the equipment shell and is adapted to be installed with the passive end bearing seat 1601. The active end of the pulping main shaft 1607 passes through the equipment shell and is adapted to be installed with the active end bearing seat 1609. A sealing side cover 1610 is provided at the connection between the pulping main shaft 1607 and the equipment shell. A feeding and conveying spiral blade 1608 is provided on the side wall of the pulping main shaft 1607 near its active end. A discharging spiral blade 1603 and a discharging reverse spiral blade 1602 are provided on the side wall of the pulping main shaft 1607 near its passive end. Several crushing chains 1604 are arranged in sequence between the discharging spiral blade 1603 and the feeding and conveying spiral blade 1608. The crushing chain 1604 is fastened to the pulping main shaft 1607 by fixing bolts.

[0110] In this application, the secondary hydraulic pulping and sorting unit adopts a combination design of spiral conveying and crushing chain 1604 to ensure that the undersize material entering the rotary sorting undersize material outlet 14 is further crushed and pulped. Figure 11 The fine pulping drive device 15 includes a fine pulping drive motor 1501 and a motor pulley 1503 connected to the output end of the fine pulping drive motor 1501. The motor pulley 1503 is connected to a driven pulley 1611 on the active end of the pulping main shaft 1607 via a belt drive. The pulping main shaft 1607 is driven by the fine pulping drive motor 1501 fixed to the motor base. The motor pulley 1503 drives the driven pulley 1611 on the pulping main shaft 1607 to rotate at high speed via a belt 1504. The undersize material entering the rotary sorting undersize material discharge port 14 is conveyed by the feed conveying spiral blade 1608 to the area where the crushing chain 1604 is located. After being repeatedly hammered by the crushing chain 1604, it is converted into slurry and then discharged by the discharge reverse spiral blade 1602 and the discharge spiral blade 1603.

[0111] The fine pulping device 16 has an inlet on the side wall of the equipment housing near the active end of the pulping main shaft 1607. The inlet is used to receive the coarse pulp output from the first-stage hydraulic pulping and sorting unit. The outer wall of the fine pulping device housing 17 near its discharge end is provided with an upper discharge port 21 and a lower discharge port 20. The lower discharge port 20 is provided with a control valve 22. During normal operation of the equipment, the material is discharged through the upper discharge port 21, which can control the equipment housing of the fine pulping device 16 to be filled with slurry, and the material can be repeatedly beaten into pulp. The lower discharge port 20 is controlled by the control valve 22. When the equipment is to be shut down, the control valve 22 is opened to empty the material in the equipment housing so that the second-stage hydraulic pulping and sorting unit can be started smoothly when it is restarted.

[0112] 4. Solid-liquid separation unit

[0113] The solid-liquid separation unit in this application includes any specifications and models of solid-liquid separators that use physical, mechanical or chemical methods to separate solid particles from liquids through gravity, centrifugal force or screening, such as sedimentation separators, filter presses or screening machines with solid-liquid separation functions.

[0114] 5. Sand removal unit

[0115] The desander unit in this application can use a cyclone desander and a high-concentration desander to remove sandy heavy materials (i.e., residues) in the slurry. The combination of the cyclone desander and the high-concentration desander can protect the three-phase centrifuge, improve separation efficiency, and extend the service life of the equipment.

[0116] During specific installation and application, the desander unit can be equipped with an automatic control system to monitor the desander effect and adjust the desander working parameters.

[0117] 6. Oil-water separation unit

[0118] In this embodiment, the oil-water separation unit primarily comprises a pyrolysis tank and a three-phase centrifuge. The pyrolysis tank receives the slurry discharged from the desanding unit and heats and insulates it. The three-phase centrifuge receives the slurry output from the pyrolysis tank and separates it into an oil phase, a liquid phase, and a solid phase. The pyrolysis tank primarily comprises a tank body and an outer interlayer disposed outside the tank body. A heating coil is disposed between the interlayer and the tank body, and the heating coil is filled with a heat medium.

[0119] In a specific application example, the heating coil device in the oil-water separation unit of the present application can adopt an energy-saving and efficient heating method to reduce energy consumption and leachate. The pyrolysis tank can heat the slurry through the heat medium in the interlayer and maintain the heat for 30-60 minutes, and then enter the three-phase centrifuge to achieve separation of oil phase, solid phase and liquid phase, store the separated oil and fat, and the separated solid phase and liquid phase can be subsequently processed and applied.

[0120] 7. Impurity conveying unit

[0121] The impurity conveying unit in this application can be any device that can play a transmission role. The impurities separated during the processing of this system can be sent to the target processing point through the impurity conveying unit, such as the impurities after sand removal and oil-water separation can be sent to the target processing point.

[0122] In a specific application installation example, a backup and override design can be added to the efficient pretreatment system for kitchen waste provided in this application to ensure that the equipment is easy to inspect and maintain, and that the system can continue to operate when some equipment is under maintenance or fails, without affecting the overall processing efficiency. For example, two pretreatment systems are configured at the same time, and a connection is provided between the equipment of the two systems so that when a certain equipment of a certain system fails, the corresponding equipment of the other system can be used as a backup; at the same time, for equipment that is prone to failure (such as sand removal units, etc.), in order to prevent the equipment of the two systems from failing at the same time, an override setting is adopted. By setting pipes and valves, it is possible to skip a certain process equipment or process by switching the valves while the overall process is in progress, and to complete the troubleshooting as soon as possible without stopping the machine.

[0123] In addition, an intelligent monitoring system can be added to the system to monitor the operating status of each unit in real time and automatically adjust operating parameters as needed to improve processing efficiency and stability.

[0124] As can be seen from the above, the efficient pretreatment system for food waste provided by the present application mainly includes the following functional modules: food waste unloading and receiving, two-stage hydraulic pulping and sorting, solid-liquid separation and sand removal, and thermal decomposition three-phase separation. In the present application, the first-stage hydraulic pulping and sorting unit integrates the pulping and screening into a structurally integrated design, realizing efficient pulping. After receiving the food waste, the two-stage hydraulic pulping and sorting unit first performs hydraulic crushing and coarse pulping through the first-stage pulping equipment, and screens and removes impurities from the coarsely crushed pulp. The slurry after screening and impurity removal enters the second-stage pulping equipment to further crush and refine the slurry after screening and impurity removal, ensuring that the organic matter in the food waste is pulped as much as possible, improving the pulping effect, and reducing the loss of organic matter; further, after the two-stage hydraulic pulping, The fine slurry obtained after sorting can be removed and refined in the solid-liquid separation unit and the sand removal unit in sequence to avoid equipment blockage or damage, protect the three-phase separator, and improve the operation safety of the system; the oil-water separation unit can effectively realize the solid-liquid separation and oil-water separation of food waste, provide convenience for subsequent resource utilization, and improve the efficiency of material utilization; in addition, this system can ensure that the organic matter in the food waste is as slurried as possible through the two-stage hydraulic pulping and sorting unit, which is convenient for subsequent treatment, simplifies the subsequent treatment process, and improves the processing speed and efficiency of food waste.

[0125] Example 2

[0126] Compared with Example 1, the efficient pretreatment system for food waste provided in this embodiment adds a solid-liquid extrusion unit, which can separate the filter residue screened from the coarse slurry into solid phase residue and slurry. The extruded slurry can be sent to the feed inlet of the first-level hydraulic pulping and sorting unit to continue to be used for pulping and sorting, reducing the addition of external process water, reducing the amount of sewage treatment, and recycling the organic matter in the food waste as much as possible. The residue after extrusion can be sent to the subsequent organic silo for recycling and treatment, thereby realizing efficient utilization of resources.

[0127] Example 3

[0128] This embodiment provides a method for efficiently pre-processing food waste. The method is implemented by the efficient food waste pre-processing system described in the first or second embodiment. Figure 12 , the main steps of the preprocessing method are as follows:

[0129] S1: The food waste is transported to the first-level hydraulic pulping and sorting unit through the material receiving and conveying unit. The first-level hydraulic pulping and sorting unit crushes the food waste into coarse pulp and screens and removes impurities to obtain coarse pulp and filter residue;

[0130] S2: The coarse pulp is sent to the secondary hydraulic pulping and separation unit for secondary crushing to obtain fine pulp;

[0131] S3: The fine slurry is sent to the solid-liquid separation unit to separate the slurry and solid phase;

[0132] S4: The slurry separated by the solid-liquid separation unit is sent to the sand removal unit to remove the sandy heavy residue in the slurry;

[0133] S5: The slurry output from the sand removal unit is sent to a pyrolysis tank for heating and heat preservation, and the slurry in the pyrolysis tank is sent to a three-phase centrifuge for three-phase separation of oil phase, liquid phase and solid phase;

[0134] S6: The liquid phase separated by the three-phase centrifuge is sent to the first-level hydraulic pulping and sorting unit for re-pulping and sorting.

[0135] The filter residue obtained in step S1 can be sent to a solid-liquid extrusion unit for extrusion treatment to obtain residue and slurry, and the extruded slurry is sent to a primary hydraulic pulping and separation unit for further pulping and separation.

[0136] It can be seen that the efficient pretreatment method for food waste provided in this application mainly includes unloading and receiving, two-stage linkage hydraulic pulping and sorting, solid-liquid separation and sand removal, and pyrolysis three-phase separation.

[0137] The following describes in detail the process of pre-processing food waste using the efficient food waste pre-processing system provided by this application.

[0138] (1) The food waste collection and transportation truck enters the factory and is weighed on the scale before entering the unloading room. The door of the unloading room is closed, and the vehicle unloads the material after the rapid rolling door opens at the unloading chute. As the front end of the pretreatment process, all materials enter the material receiving and conveying unit through the unloading platform for coarse crushing and are then sent to the first-level hydraulic pulping and sorting unit.

[0139] (2) After the kitchen waste enters the rotary hydraulic pulping device 3 from the feeding device 1, it is broken up by the disturbance bag breaking device 6. The broken slurry passes through the labyrinth discharge device 7 and enters the rotary screen 8 of the rotary sorting device. The slurry enters the secondary hydraulic pulping and sorting unit below from the rotary sorting undersize material discharge port 14, and the oversize material is transported from the oversize material discharge conveyor 12 to the rear-end collection equipment or dewatering equipment.

[0140] (3) After the slurry enters the secondary hydraulic pulping and sorting unit, the slurry is further broken up by the rotation of the pulping main shaft 1607 and the crushing chain 1604. As the raw materials of the primary pulping enter, the slurry after the secondary pulping is first discharged from the upper discharge port 21 of the fine pulping equipment 16 and enters the next process. After all the primary crushed materials enter the secondary pulping, the lower discharge port 20 of the fine pulping equipment 16 is opened to discharge the slurry and enter the next process.

[0141] (4) The crushed slurry enters the solid-liquid separation unit. The separated solid phase can be transported into the organic silo using a conveying device, and the liquid phase can be sent to the cyclone desander and high-concentration desander for two-stage deslagging to remove the sandy heavy matter (residue) in the slurry. The residue enters the garbage transfer box, and the liquid phase is pumped into the pyrolysis tank.

[0142] (5) The slurry pumped into the pyrolysis tank is heated to 60-80°C through the interlayer and maintained for 30-60 minutes, and then pumped into the three-phase centrifuge to separate the oil phase, solid phase and liquid phase. The separated oil enters the oil storage tank for storage; the solid phase is transported into the organic silo using a conveying device; the separated liquid phase is partially cached in the regulating tank and partially enters the leachate storage tank.

[0143] In summary, the use of the high-efficiency food waste pretreatment system provided by this application for food waste pretreatment can significantly improve the pulping effect and impurity removal rate through two-stage hydraulic pulping technology, thereby improving the processing efficiency. The external interlayer heating method of the pyrolysis tank can prevent excessive process water from entering the material, reduce the amount of sewage treatment, and save water. In addition, this application also effectively separates oil, organic matter, etc. through solid-liquid separation and sand removal and pyrolysis three-phase separation, thereby improving resource utilization efficiency.

[0144] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily (as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features). In order to make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described; these embodiments that are not explicitly written should also be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0145] The present application has been described in a relatively specific and detailed manner through general explanations and specific embodiments. It should be understood that, based on the technical concept of the present application, several conventional adjustments or further innovations may be made to these specific embodiments; however, as long as they do not depart from the technical concept of the present application, the technical solutions obtained by such conventional adjustments or further innovations also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. An efficient pretreatment system for kitchen waste, characterized in that: It includes material receiving and conveying unit, first-level hydraulic pulping and sorting unit, second-level hydraulic pulping and sorting unit, solid-liquid separation unit, sand removal unit, oil-water separation unit and impurity conveying unit, among which: The material receiving and conveying unit is used to receive the food waste and convey the food waste to the feed inlet of the first-level hydraulic pulping and sorting unit; the first-level hydraulic pulping and sorting unit is used to crush the food waste therein into coarse pulp and screen and remove impurities; the second-level hydraulic pulping and sorting unit is used to receive the coarse pulp after screening and impurity removal and crush it into fine pulp for a second time; the solid-liquid separation unit is used to separate the pulp and solid phase in the fine pulp; the sand removal unit receives the separated pulp and removes the sandy heavy residue in the pulp; the oil-water separation unit includes a pyrolysis tank and a three-phase centrifuge, the pyrolysis tank is used to receive the pulp discharged from the sand removal unit and heat and keep it warm, the three-phase centrifuge is used to receive the pulp output from the pyrolysis tank and separate it into oil phase, liquid phase and solid phase; the impurity conveying unit is used to convey the separated impurities to the target treatment point; The first-level hydraulic pulping and separation unit includes a feeding device, a rotary hydraulic pulping device, a labyrinth-type discharging device and a rotary separation device, wherein: The feeding device includes a barrel, a spiral rotor is horizontally arranged in the barrel, one end of the spiral rotor extends out of the barrel and is connected to a gear reducer, a feed port is provided on the barrel, and the discharge end of the barrel is rotatably connected to the inlet end of the rotary hydraulic pulping device and is sealed by a sealing device; The rotary hydraulic pulping equipment includes a rotary cylinder, a rotary drive device for driving the rotary cylinder to rotate, and a plurality of disturbing bag-breaking devices arranged in a spiral line along the central axis of the rotary cylinder; the disturbing bag-breaking device includes a support plate, a disturbing plate arranged on one side of the support plate, and a bag-breaking knife installed on the disturbing plate, the disturbing plate is arranged obliquely in the rotary cylinder and forms an angle with the central axis of the rotary cylinder, and the disturbing plate is inclined toward the discharge direction of the rotary cylinder to push the material outward; The labyrinth-type discharging device includes a plurality of discharging baffles, which are sequentially spaced apart at the discharging port of the rotary cylinder. A discharging hole is provided on each of the discharging baffles, and the discharging holes on any two adjacent discharging baffles are staggered. The rotary sorting equipment includes an outer shell and a rotary screen arranged in the outer shell, a spiral belt is arranged in the rotary screen, a slurry collection area is formed between the rotary screen and the inner wall of the outer shell, and both ends of the rotary screen are sealed with the outer shell through labyrinth seals; the inlet end of the rotary screen is connected to the outlet end of the labyrinth discharging equipment, the outlet end of the rotary screen is provided with a closing structure, and a screen-surface material discharging conveyor is provided below the outlet end of the rotary screen, and the bottom of the outer shell is provided with a screen-surface material discharging port for outputting coarse slurry.

2. The efficient pretreatment system for kitchen waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a solid-liquid extrusion unit, and the filter residue screened from the coarse slurry is separated into solid residue and slurry by the solid-liquid extrusion unit, and the slurry is fed into the feed port of the first-level hydraulic pulping and separation unit.

3. The efficient pretreatment system for kitchen waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material receiving and conveying unit includes a unloading platform, a receiving bin and a conveying device; the unloading platform is used to receive food waste transported by the food collection and transportation vehicle; the receiving bin is used to store the food waste and coarsely crush the food waste through a crushing mechanism arranged therein, and the crushing mechanism includes a rotating cutter disc and crushing knives arranged on the rotating cutter disc; the conveying device is used to transport the food waste in the receiving bin to the feed inlet of the primary hydraulic pulping and sorting unit.

4. The efficient pretreatment system for kitchen waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotary drive device includes a rotary drive motor and a driving gear connected to the output end of the rotary drive motor. A rotary gear is provided on the outer wall of the rotary cylinder. The disk surface of the rotary gear is arranged along the radial direction of the rotary cylinder. The driving gear and the rotary gear are adapted to mesh and transmit. The lower part of the rotary cylinder is supported by a supporting roller, and the upper part of the rotary cylinder is positioned by an upper pressure roller mounted on a pressure roller mounting frame. The feeding equipment, supporting roller, rotary drive device and rotary sorting equipment are all installed on the equipment base.

5. The efficient pretreatment system for kitchen waste according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The discharge holes on any two adjacent discharge baffles are staggered and do not overlap with each other, the discharge hole on one discharge baffle is close to the upper part of the rotary cylinder, and the discharge hole on the other discharge baffle is close to the lower part of the rotary cylinder; The aperture of the sieve holes on the rotary sieve is in the range of 25 mm to 80 mm; The rotary cylinder is provided with an inspection manhole, and the outer shell of the rotary sorting equipment is provided with an inspection quick-opening door.

6. The efficient pretreatment system for kitchen waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The secondary hydraulic pulping and separation unit includes a fine pulping device and a fine pulping drive device; The fine pulping equipment includes an equipment housing and a pulping main shaft horizontally arranged in the equipment housing, the passive end of the pulping main shaft passes through the equipment housing and is adapted to be installed with the passive end bearing seat, the active end of the pulping main shaft passes through the equipment housing and is adapted to be installed with the active end bearing seat, a sealing side cover is provided at the connection between the pulping main shaft and the equipment housing, a feeding and conveying spiral blade is provided on the side wall of the pulping main shaft near its active end, a discharging spiral blade and a discharging reverse spiral blade are provided on the side wall of the pulping main shaft near its passive end, a plurality of crushing chains are sequentially arranged between the discharging spiral blade and the feeding and conveying spiral blade, and the crushing chain is fastened to the pulping main shaft by fixing bolts; The equipment housing has a feed port on its side wall near the active end of the pulping main shaft, and the feed port is used to receive the coarse pulp output from the first-level hydraulic pulping and separation unit. The equipment housing has an upper discharge port and a lower discharge port on its outer wall near the discharge end, and a control valve is provided at the lower discharge port. The fine pulping drive device includes a fine pulping drive motor and a motor pulley connected to the output end of the fine pulping drive motor. The motor pulley is connected to the driven pulley at the active end of the pulping main shaft through a belt transmission.

7. The efficient pretreatment system for kitchen waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solid-liquid separation unit includes a solid-liquid separator; The desander unit comprises a cyclone desander and a high-concentration desander connected in sequence; The pyrolysis tank comprises a tank body and an interlayer arranged outside the tank body, a heating coil is arranged between the interlayer and the tank body, and a heat medium is poured into the heating coil.

8. A method for efficient pretreatment of kitchen waste, characterized in that: The efficient food waste pretreatment system according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is used, and the efficient food waste pretreatment method comprises the following steps: S1: transporting the food waste to the primary hydraulic pulping and sorting unit through the material receiving and conveying unit, wherein the primary hydraulic pulping and sorting unit crushes the food waste into coarse pulp and screens and removes impurities to obtain coarse pulp and filter residue; S2: sending the coarse pulp into the secondary hydraulic pulping and separation unit for secondary crushing to obtain fine pulp; S3: sending the fine slurry into the solid-liquid separation unit to separate the slurry and the solid phase; S4: sending the slurry separated by the solid-liquid separation unit to the sand removal unit to remove sandy heavy residue in the slurry; S5: sending the slurry output from the sand removal unit into the pyrolysis tank for heating and heat preservation, and sending the slurry in the pyrolysis tank into the three-phase centrifuge for three-phase separation of oil phase, liquid phase and solid phase; S6: sending the liquid phase separated by the three-phase centrifuge to the first-level hydraulic pulping and separation unit for re-pulping and separation.

9. The method for efficient pretreatment of kitchen waste according to claim 8, characterized in that: The filter residue obtained in step S1 is sent to the solid-liquid extrusion unit for extrusion treatment to obtain residue and slurry, and the extruded slurry is sent to the first-level hydraulic pulping and separation unit for re-pulping and separation.

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