Shaft sleeve detachable system, shaft sleeve hot charging method and method for rapidly and nondestructively disassembling shaft sleeve

Abstract

The shaft sleeve detachable system comprises a shaft, a shaft sleeve, two annular sealing pieces and an oil pump, the shaft is provided with a first shaft section, a second shaft section and a shaft shoulder face, the first shaft section and the second shaft section are connected, the shaft shoulder face is located at the connecting position, and the shaft sleeve is provided with oil grooves distributed in the inner circumference in the circumferential direction and oil injection channels communicated with the oil grooves. The two annular sealing pieces are installed between the shaft and the shaft sleeve and located on the two axial sides of the shaft sleeve correspondingly, the oil pump is used for communicating with the oil injection channel, the shaft sleeve detachable system has a first state and a second state, in the first state, the shaft sleeve is in interference fit with the first shaft section and the second shaft section, and in the second state, the shaft is separated from the shaft sleeve; pressure oil provided by the oil pump acts on the shaft shoulder face so that the shaft sleeve detachable system can be switched from the first state to the second state. According to the system, heating is not needed when the shaft sleeve is dismounted, a mechanical dismounting method is not needed, the construction space is small, and the shaft sleeve and the shaft can be repeatedly used.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of interference disassembly, and in particular to a detachable shaft sleeve system, a shaft sleeve thermal installation method, and a method for quickly and non-destructively disassembling a shaft sleeve. Background Art

[0002] The connection between the sleeve and the shaft by interference fit is a common sleeve connection method, which is used to transmit larger torque. The interference fit between the sleeve and the shaft belongs to a large interference connection.

[0003] Regarding the interference disassembly methods for sleeves, there are generally mechanical disassembly, mechanical disassembly combined with thermal disassembly, and mechanical disassembly combined with hydraulic expansion. When the interference connection between the sleeve and the shaft is too tight, the sleeve cannot be removed by the above methods, and only destructive disassembly methods can be used. When it comes to large equipment, destructive disassembly will cause long-term equipment downtime and cause great economic losses. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present application provides a detachable sleeve system, a sleeve heat-installation method, and a method for quickly and non-destructively detaching the sleeve.

[0005] The present application provides a detachable sleeve system, comprising a shaft, a sleeve, two annular seals and an oil pump, wherein the shaft is provided with a first shaft section and a second shaft section connected to each other and a shaft shoulder surface at the connection point, the sleeve is provided with an oil groove distributed along the inner circumference and an oil injection channel connected to the oil groove, the two annular seals are both installed between the shaft and the sleeve and are respectively located on both axial sides of the sleeve, the oil pump is used to communicate with the oil injection channel, wherein the detachable sleeve system has a first state and a second state, wherein the sleeve is interference-connected to the first shaft section and the second shaft section in the first state, and wherein the shaft is separated from the sleeve in the second state, and the pressure oil provided by the oil pump acts on the shaft shoulder surface to switch the detachable sleeve system from the first state to the second state.

[0006] In some embodiments, the diameter of the first shaft segment is smaller than the diameter of the second shaft segment, and the shaft sleeve is provided with at least one oil groove, and in the first state, the oil groove is directly opposite to the second shaft segment.

[0007] In some embodiments, the sleeve is provided with two oil grooves, and one of the oil grooves is adjacent to the shaft shoulder surface in the first state.

[0008] In some embodiments, the sleeve includes a first sleeve portion and a second sleeve portion connected to each other. In a first state, the first sleeve portion is interference connected to the first shaft segment and the second sleeve portion is interference connected to the second shaft segment. The axial length ratio of the first sleeve portion to the second sleeve portion is 1.00-1.02.

[0009] In some embodiments, an oil plug is installed on a port of the shaft sleeve at the oil injection channel.

[0010] In some embodiments, the end face of the first shaft segment away from the second shaft segment is the first end face, and the first end face is the end face of the shaft; the removable sleeve system includes a pressure cover, which is installed at the first end face by screws, and one of the two annular seals is the first annular seal, which is installed in the first annular groove at the outer edge of the first end face of the first shaft segment by the pressure cover.

[0011] In some embodiments, the first annular groove is formed by chamfering the outer edge of the first end surface of the first shaft segment.

[0012] In some embodiments, the removable sleeve system includes a compression ring, which is sleeved on the second shaft section of the shaft and fixedly connected to the sleeve by screws. One of the two annular seals is a second annular seal, which is limited by the compression ring and installed in a second annular groove at the inner edge of the axial end face of the sleeve.

[0013] A method for heat-fitting a sleeve is applied to the above-mentioned detachable sleeve system, and the method for heat-fitting a sleeve comprises: inserting a pressure ring and a second annular seal into a second shaft section; after the pressure ring and the second annular seal are inserted into the second shaft section, heating the sleeve and inserting the heated sleeve onto the outside of the shaft, and after the sleeve is cooled down, achieving interference fit between the sleeve and the shaft; after the sleeve is interference fit between the sleeve and the shaft, pressing the second annular seal into a second ring groove and screwing the pressure ring to the shaft.

[0014] A method for quickly and non-destructively removing a sleeve is applied to the above-mentioned detachable sleeve system. The method for quickly and non-destructively removing the sleeve includes: based on the detachable sleeve system in a first state, connecting an oil pump with an oil injection channel of the sleeve; after the oil pump is connected to the oil injection channel, the oil pump starts working and presses high-pressure oil into the oil injection channel until the sleeve is detached from the shaft, so that the detachable sleeve system enters a second state.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows: a detachable sleeve system is provided, comprising a shaft, a sleeve, two annular seals and an oil pump. The system comprises a first state in which the sleeve is interference-installed and a second state after the sleeve is removed from the shaft. When the system is in the first state, the sleeve is interference-connected to the first shaft section and the second shaft section on both sides of the shaft shoulder of the shaft. The diameters of the first shaft section and the second shaft section are different. The oil pump presses the pressure oil into the oil groove through the oil filling channel. The pressure oil enters between the shaft and the sleeve and causes the sleeve to expand under force, forming an oil chamber between the shaft and the sleeve in the radial direction and between the two annular seals in the axial direction. The pressure oil in the oil chamber will generate a force on the shoulder surface. When the force increases to overcome the movement resistance between the sleeve and the shaft, the force will push the sleeve and the shaft to move relative to each other, and finally the sleeve is removed from the shaft. During the movement, the above-mentioned oil chamber changes but can still maintain a sealed state. At this time, the system is completely adjusted from the first state to the second state, realizing the rapid disassembly of the sleeve with interference connection. ; When the interference fit between the sleeve and the shaft is too tight, that is, when the interference fit is large, the sleeve can be removed smoothly by using the sleeve detachable system of the present application; when the system is removed, the oil fills the joint surface between the sleeve and the shaft, converting metal friction into liquid friction, thereby improving the wear of the joint surface; by installing seals on both sides of the sleeve, the system can ensure the oil pressure in the sleeve, thereby enabling the sleeve to be removed stably; the system can ensure that the above-mentioned oil chamber pressure is sufficient, and a perfect oil film is established in the sleeve to protect the joint surface to the greatest extent; no matter how large the sleeve is, the system only needs one oil pump when removing the sleeve, the tools are easy to transport, and the construction method is simple; in addition, the system does not require heating when removing the sleeve, does not require the cooperation of mechanical removal methods, has a small construction space, and protects related parts to the greatest extent. It has the advantages of simple construction and high efficiency, reduces labor intensity, saves a lot of construction time, and allows the sleeve and shaft to be reused many times, which can save a lot of construction time and spare parts costs for the enterprise. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for describing the embodiments are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a detachable sleeve system provided in this application;

[0018] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the relevant dimensions of a detachable sleeve system provided in this application.

[0019] Drawings are marked: 100-shaft, 110-first shaft section, 111-first end face, 112-first annular groove, 1121-chamfer, 120-second shaft section, 130-shoulder surface, 200-sleeve, 210-oil groove, 220-oil injection channel, 221-oil plug, 231-first sleeve portion, 232-second sleeve portion, 230-second annular groove, 300-annular seal, 310-first annular seal, 320-second annular seal, 400-pressure cover, 500-pressure ring, a-first size, b-second size, c-third size, d-fourth size, e-fifth size. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] Interference connection is a common shaft sleeve connection method, which is achieved through the interference fit between the shaft sleeve and the shaft. Generally speaking, the interference fit between the shaft sleeve and the shaft is a large interference connection, which can transmit a large torque. This connection method provides a high connection strength, ensuring a tight connection between the shaft sleeve and the shaft, and is suitable for equipment that bears heavy loads and high torques; at the same time, it can ensure the coaxiality of the shaft sleeve and the shaft, improve the accuracy and stability of the transmission system; and the connection is reliable and will not loosen after installation; it is often used in heavy-load equipment such as automobile engines, machine tool spindles, transmission shafts, gear boxes, etc.

[0021] The sleeves with interference fit are usually installed by hot or cold installation, which is relatively simple to assemble. When removing the sleeves with interference fit, special tools and construction methods are required, which leads to problems such as long construction time and the sleeves cannot be removed.

[0022] The removal methods of interference fit sleeves mainly include mechanical removal, mechanical removal combined with thermal removal, and mechanical removal combined with hydraulic expansion. Different removal methods are suitable for different situations. When choosing a removal method, it should be determined based on factors such as the fit between the sleeve and the shaft, the size and shape of the sleeve, and the conditions of the removal site. At the same time, it is necessary to select appropriate tools and methods to ensure the safety and smoothness of the removal process.

[0023] Mechanical removal is a method of using a press, puller or other tools to press the sleeve out of the shaft, which will cause certain damage to the sleeve and the shaft, especially when the interference between the sleeve and the shaft is large. Forced removal will cause the sleeve to deform and the shaft surface to scratch, thereby damaging the parts. In addition, the mechanical removal method requires a larger construction space. Since the tool provides a large pressing force, the tool is large in size, so it requires lifting tools to cooperate with the operation, which has certain construction risks.

[0024] Mechanical removal combined with thermal removal is to heat the sleeve to a certain temperature, and then use the mechanical removal method to press the sleeve out of the shaft. When removing a sleeve with a large interference fit, first heat the sleeve, use the principle of thermal expansion and contraction to reduce the bonding force between the sleeve and the shaft, and then use the mechanical method to remove it. This method requires controlling the heating temperature and time. Excessive heating may cause thermal damage to the sleeve and surrounding parts; and thermal removal requires hot work and is assisted by mechanical removal methods, so it is limited to applications where hot work cannot be used and parts cannot be heated, and there is also the defect of long construction time.

[0025] Mechanical dismantling combined with hydraulic expansion method is to press high-pressure oil between the sleeve and the shaft, fill the joint surface with oil, and then use mechanical method to press out the sleeve. Some important sleeves will be designed to remove the oil circuit at the beginning of the design. Before mechanical dismantling, use an oil pump to pump high-pressure oil into the joint surface of the sleeve and the shaft, thereby reducing the friction between the sleeve and the shaft, and then press out the sleeve by mechanical dismantling method. This method does not require hot work, which avoids thermal damage to parts, but requires high machining accuracy for the shaft and sleeve. When oiling, the sleeve and shaft must be able to maintain pressure. Therefore, the joint surface of the shaft and sleeve must ensure roughness, and there must be no scratches, bumps, etc., otherwise the hydraulic expansion method will not be implemented; and because the pressure oil will release pressure from the place with less resistance when it is pressed into the joint surface, the oil film on the joint surface is not fully established, and the disassembled sleeve and shaft surface will often have scratches, which will cause the sleeve to be unable to be reused.

[0026] The above three construction methods all have a fatal problem, that is, the sleeve cannot be removed. When the interference fit between the sleeve and the shaft is too tight, the sleeve cannot be removed using the above methods, and only destructive removal methods can be used. When it comes to large equipment, destructive removal will cause long-term equipment downtime and cause great economic losses.

[0027] This application provides a detachable sleeve system, please refer to Figure 1 , including a shaft 100 and a sleeve 200 that cooperates with the shaft 100, and also including two annular seals 300 and an oil pump. The system limits the sleeve 200 to be located near the shoulder of the shaft 100. It can be understood that the shaft 100 includes a first shaft segment 110 and a second shaft segment 120 connected thereto. The diameters of the first shaft segment 110 and the second shaft segment 120 are different. The connecting portion of the first shaft segment 110 and the second shaft segment 120 includes the shoulder surface 130 of the shaft 100.

[0028] The shoulder surface 130 is annular. When the diameter of the first shaft segment 110 is smaller than the diameter of the second shaft segment 120 , the inner diameter of the shoulder surface 130 is the diameter of the first shaft segment 110 , and the outer diameter of the shoulder surface 130 is the diameter of the second shaft segment 120 .

[0029] Please refer to Figure 1The sleeve 200 is provided with an oil groove 210, which is located on the inner circumference of the sleeve 200 and is distributed circumferentially along the inner circumference of the sleeve 200. The sleeve 200 is also provided with an oil injection channel 220, which is connected to the oil groove 210. An annular seal 300 is installed between the shaft 100 and the sleeve 200, and two annular seals 300 are respectively located on both sides of the axial direction of the sleeve 200. When a gap appears between the shaft 100 and the sleeve 200, the two sides of the gap are blocked by the seal.

[0030] The system has a first state in which the sleeve 200 is installed with interference fit and a second state in which the sleeve 200 is removed from the shaft 100. In the first state, the sleeve 200 is connected with the first shaft section 110 and the second shaft section 120 with interference fit, and in the second state, the shaft 100 is separated from the sleeve 200. In the system, an oil pump is used to connect to the oil injection channel 220, and pressure oil is provided by the oil pump. The pressure oil acts on the shaft shoulder surface 130, so that the system can be switched from the first state to the second state, thereby realizing the removal of the sleeve 200 in the interference fit state.

[0031] In detail, when the system is in the first state, the sleeve 200 is interference-connected with the first shaft section 110 and the second shaft section 120 on both sides of the shoulder of the shaft 100. The diameters of the first shaft section 110 and the second shaft section 120 are different. The oil pump presses the pressure oil into the oil groove 210 through the oil injection channel 220. The pressure oil enters between the shaft 100 and the sleeve 200 and causes the sleeve 200 to expand under force, thereby forming an oil cavity between the shaft 100 and the sleeve 200 in the radial direction and between the two annular seals 300 in the axial direction. The pressure oil in the oil cavity will generate a force on the shoulder surface 130. When the force increases to overcome the movement resistance between the sleeve 200 and the shaft 100, the force will push the sleeve 200 and the shaft 100 to move relative to each other, and finally the sleeve 200 is removed from the shaft 100. During the movement, the above-mentioned oil cavity changes but can still maintain a sealed state. At this time, the system is completely switched from the first state to the second state, realizing the rapid disassembly of the sleeve 200 with interference connection.

[0032] In this system, it is necessary to ensure that the force exerted by the pressure oil in the oil chamber on the shoulder surface 130 can be increased to overcome the movement resistance between the sleeve 200 and the shaft 100, which involves the matching design of the size of the shoulder surface 130 and the pressure caused by the interference.

[0033] When the interference fit between the sleeve 200 and the shaft 100 is too tight, that is, when the interference fit is large, the sleeve 200 can be removed smoothly by using the sleeve detachable system of the present application.

[0034] During disassembly, the system fills the joint surface between the sleeve 200 and the shaft 100 with oil, converting metal friction into liquid friction and improving the wear of the joint surface. The system can ensure the oil pressure in the sleeve 200 by installing high-pressure seals on both sides of the sleeve 200, and can improve the situation where the oil chamber pressure cannot be established due to multiple disassembly and collision of the sleeve 200, making it impossible to disassemble the sleeve 200 by oil pressure, and can stably disassemble the sleeve 200.

[0035] This system can ensure that the oil pressure in the oil chamber is sufficient, and a perfect oil film is established on the inner side of the sleeve 200 to protect the joint surface to the greatest extent.

[0036] No matter how big the bushing is, this system only needs one oil pump when removing the bushing. The tools are easy to transport and the construction method is simple.

[0037] In addition, this system does not require heating when disassembling the sleeve 200, does not require the cooperation of mechanical disassembly methods, has a small construction space, and protects related parts to the greatest extent. It has the advantages of simple construction and high efficiency, reduces labor intensity, saves a lot of construction time, and allows the sleeve 200 and the shaft 100 to be reused many times, which can save the company a lot of construction time and spare parts costs.

[0038] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 , the diameter of the first shaft segment 110 is smaller than the diameter of the second shaft segment 120, and the sleeve 200 is provided with at least one oil groove 210. When the system is in a first state in which the sleeve 200 is interference-connected between the first shaft segment 110 and the second shaft segment 120 on both sides of the shaft shoulder of the shaft 100, the oil groove 210 is limited to be opposite to the second shaft segment 120, and when the number of the oil grooves 210 is greater than 1, all the oil grooves 210 are opposite to the second shaft segment 120.

[0039] When in the first state, there is an oil groove 210 directly opposite to the first shaft segment 110, and the pressure oil of the oil pump will initially enter between the first shaft segment 110 with a relatively small diameter and the sleeve 200. As the pressure oil continues to enter, there may be a situation where the sleeve 200 and the second shaft segment 120 have not yet escaped from the interference state, but the pressure oil acts on the shoulder surface 130 to directly cause the sleeve 200 and the shaft 100 to move relative to each other.

[0040] Therefore, the above method limits the oil groove 210 to be opposite to the second shaft segment 120 in the first state, thereby avoiding the situation that the sleeve 200 and the second shaft segment 120 have not yet escaped from the interference state but the pressure oil acts on the shoulder surface 130 to directly cause the sleeve 200 and the shaft 100 to move relative to each other, avoiding the defect of wear of the sleeve 200 caused by this situation and further protecting the sleeve 200.

[0041] In the present application, the number of the oil tank 210 is at least one.

[0042] Please refer to Figure 1 The sleeve 200 includes a first sleeve portion 231 and a second sleeve portion 232 connected to each other. In the first state, the first sleeve portion 231 is interference-connected to the first shaft segment 110 and the second sleeve portion 232 is interference-connected to the second shaft segment 120 .

[0043] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 The sleeve 200 is provided with two oil grooves 210, and in the first state, one oil groove 210 is adjacent to the shoulder surface 130. When the pressure oil provided by the oil pump is pressed into the oil groove 210 and causes the second sleeve portion 232 of the sleeve 200 to begin to expand, the pressure oil will directly enter the shoulder surface 130 from the oil groove 210 adjacent to the shoulder surface 130, and cause the first sleeve portion 231 of the sleeve 200 to expand until the force generated by the pressure oil on the shoulder surface 130 increases to overcome the movement resistance between the sleeve 200 and the shaft 100.

[0044] In some embodiments, the sleeve 200 is installed with an oil plug 221 at the port of the oil injection channel 220. When the sleeve 200 is not removed, the oil plug 221 is installed at the port of the oil injection channel 220. The oil plug 221 protects the oil injection channel 220 from dust and water. When the sleeve 200 needs to be removed from the shaft 100, the oil plug 221 is removed.

[0045] Please refer to Figure 1 , the end face of the first shaft segment 110 away from the second shaft segment 120 is the first end face 111. In some embodiments, the first end face 111 is defined as the end face of the shaft 100, and the system includes a gland 400, which is installed at the first end face 111 by screws, and the two annular seals 300 are respectively a first annular seal 310 and a second annular seal 320, and the first annular seal 310 is limitedly installed in the first annular groove 112 at the outer edge of the first end face 111 of the first shaft segment 110 by the gland 400. The installation of the first annular seal 310 is achieved by this method, and the installation position of the first annular seal 310 on the shaft 100 remains unchanged during the disassembly process of the sleeve 200.

[0046] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 The system includes a pressure ring 500, which is sleeved on the second shaft section 120 of the shaft 100, and is fixedly connected to the sleeve 200 by screws. The second annular seal 320 is limitedly installed in the second annular groove 230 at the inner edge of the axial end surface of the sleeve 200 by the pressure ring 500. The installation of the second annular seal 320 is achieved by this method, and the second annular seal 320 moves axially with the sleeve 200 during the disassembly process of the sleeve 200.

[0047] The above description that the system can switch from the first state to the second state belongs to the functional limitation. If a certain solution causes the system to be unable to switch from the first state to the second state, the solution is not within the scope of this application. For example, when the axial length of the first sleeve portion 231 is much greater than the axial length of the second sleeve portion 232, there is a situation where the first sleeve portion 231 is still in interference connection with the first shaft segment 110 when the second sleeve portion 232 is completely separated from the second shaft segment 120. At this time, the pressure oil cannot continue to drive the sleeve 200 and the shaft 100 to move relative to each other.

[0048] Therefore, in some embodiments, the axial length of the first sleeve portion 231 is specifically Figure 2 The first dimension a in the figure, the axial length of the second sleeve portion 232 is specifically the second dimension b, and the axial length ratio of the first sleeve portion 231 to the second sleeve portion 232 is controlled within the range of 1.00-1.02, including endpoints 1.00 and 1.02, so as to achieve the purpose of achieving the force generated by the pressure oil on the shoulder surface 130 to push the sleeve 200 to completely detach from the shaft 100.

[0049] In some embodiments, the first shaft segment 110 is chamfered 1121 at the outer edge of the first end surface 111, and the space formed by cutting off the chamfer 1121 is the first annular groove 112 and other parts outside the first annular groove 112. When the pressure oil generates the force on the shoulder surface 130 to push the sleeve 200 and the shaft 100 to move relative to each other, please refer to Figure 1 When one end of the first sleeve portion 231 adjacent to the second sleeve portion 232 moves to the chamfer, the first sleeve portion 231 can be ensured to be detached from the first shaft segment 110. The chamfer 1121 further ensures that the sleeve 200 is completely detached from the shaft 100.

[0050] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The third dimension c is the spacing distance between the shoulder surface 130 and the chamfer, the fourth dimension d is the spacing distance between the first annular seal 310 and the shoulder surface 130 , and the fifth dimension e is the spacing distance between the second annular seal 320 and the shoulder surface 130 .

[0051] In order to achieve the purpose of completely separating the sleeve 200 from the shaft 100, in some embodiments, the fourth dimension d is greater than the fifth dimension e. In some embodiments, the third dimension c is equal to the fifth dimension e. Defined by the above dimensions.

[0052] The present application also provides a sleeve heat-installation method, which is applied to the above-mentioned sleeve detachable system, and the purpose is to realize the assembly of the sleeve 200 and related parts on the shaft 100. The sleeve heat-installation method includes: inserting the pressure ring 500 and the second annular seal 320 into the second shaft section 120, and maintaining the effect that the pressure ring 500 and the second annular seal 320 can move along the shaft 100; then, heating the sleeve 200 to expand the sleeve 200, and smoothly inserting the sleeve 200 expanded after heating to the outside of the shaft 100, and then waiting for the sleeve 200 to cool down, so as to smoothly realize the purpose of interference installation of the sleeve 200 on the shaft 100; finally, moving the pressure ring 500 and the second annular seal 320 along the shaft 100, pressing the second annular seal 320 into the second annular groove 230, and screwing the pressure ring 500 and the shaft 100, so as to smoothly realize the assembly of the second annular seal 320.

[0053] By adopting the shaft sleeve hot-installation method of the present application, damage to parts caused by hot-installation of the shaft sleeve 200 can be avoided.

[0054] The present application also provides a method for rapid and non-destructive removal of a sleeve, which is applied to the above-mentioned sleeve detachable system. The method includes: for the shaft 100 and the sleeve 200 with interference fit, that is, the sleeve detachable system in the first state, the oil pump is connected to the oil injection channel 220 of the sleeve 200, and then the oil pump starts to work and presses high-pressure oil into the oil injection channel 220 until the sleeve 200 is separated from the shaft 100, at which time the sleeve detachable system enters the second state. The method described in this paragraph is used to separate the sleeve 200 from the shaft 100, and the construction only requires one oil pump, and the construction method is extremely simple, which has promotion significance.

[0055] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art may make other changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0056] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A detachable sleeve system, characterized in that: include: A shaft having a first shaft section and a second shaft section connected to each other and a shaft shoulder surface at the connection; The shaft sleeve is provided with oil grooves distributed along the inner circumference and an oil injection channel connected with the oil grooves; Two annular seals are installed between the shaft and the sleeve and are located on both sides of the sleeve in the axial direction; An oil pump, used to communicate with the oil injection channel; Among them, the removable sleeve system has a first state and a second state. When in the first state, the sleeve is interference-connected with the first shaft segment and the second shaft segment. When in the second state, the shaft is separated from the sleeve. The pressure oil provided by the oil pump acts on the shaft shoulder surface to switch the removable sleeve system from the first state to the second state.

2. The detachable sleeve system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the first shaft segment is smaller than the diameter of the second shaft segment, and the shaft sleeve is provided with at least one oil groove. In the first state, the oil groove is directly opposite to the second shaft segment.

3. The detachable sleeve system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sleeve is provided with two oil grooves, and in the first state, one of the oil grooves is adjacent to the shaft shoulder surface.

4. The detachable sleeve system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sleeve includes a first sleeve portion and a second sleeve portion connected to each other. In the first state, the first sleeve portion is interference connected to the first shaft segment and the second sleeve portion is interference connected to the second shaft segment. The axial length ratio of the first sleeve portion to the second sleeve portion is 1.00-1.

02.

5. The detachable sleeve system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shaft sleeve is provided with an oil plug at the port of the oil injection channel.

6. The detachable sleeve system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: An end face of the first shaft segment that is away from the second shaft segment is a first end face, and the first end face is an end face of the shaft; The removable sleeve system includes a pressure cover, which is installed on the first end face by screws. One of the two annular seals is a first annular seal, which is limitedly installed in the first annular groove of the first shaft segment at the outer edge of the first end face by the pressure cover.

7. The detachable sleeve system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first annular groove is formed by chamfering the outer edge of the first end surface of the first shaft segment.

8. The detachable sleeve system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The removable sleeve system includes a compression ring, which is sleeved on the second shaft section of the shaft and fixedly connected to the sleeve by screws. One of the two annular seals is a second annular seal, which is limitedly installed in a second annular groove at the inner edge of the axial end face of the sleeve by the compression ring.

9. A method for shrink-fitting a shaft sleeve, characterized in that: Applied to the detachable sleeve system as claimed in claim 8, the sleeve heat-installation method comprises: Inserting the compression ring and the second annular seal into the second shaft section; After the pressure ring and the second annular seal are sleeved into the second shaft section, the sleeve is heated and the heated sleeve is sleeved onto the shaft, and after the sleeve is cooled, the sleeve is interference-connected with the shaft; After the sleeve is interference-connected to the shaft, the second annular seal is pressed into the second annular groove and the pressure ring is screwed to the shaft.

10. A method for rapid and non-destructive removal of a shaft sleeve, characterized in that: Applied to the detachable sleeve system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the method for rapid and non-destructive removal of the sleeve comprises: Based on the sleeve detachable system being in the first state, connecting the oil pump with the oil injection passage of the sleeve; After the oil pump is connected to the oil injection channel, the oil pump starts to work and presses high-pressure oil into the oil injection channel until the sleeve is detached from the shaft, so that the sleeve detachable system enters the second state.

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