Energy-absorbing anti-creeper for railway vehicle and vehicle head of railway vehicle

Abstract

The invention provides an energy-absorbing anti-creeper for a railway vehicle and a vehicle head of the railway vehicle, and relates to the technical field of the energy-absorbing anti-creeper for the railway vehicle, the energy-absorbing anti-creeper for the railway vehicle comprises a mounting seat arranged at the front end of the railway vehicle; the energy-absorbing outer pipe is connected to one side of the mounting base, anti-climbing teeth are arranged at the end, away from the mounting base, of the energy-absorbing outer pipe, and the energy-absorbing outer pipe is configured to crumple towards the direction close to the mounting base in the axial direction of the energy-absorbing outer pipe under the condition that the anti-climbing teeth are collided by external force; and the buffering assembly is arranged on the mounting base, and the buffering assembly is constructed to respond to the crumple state of the energy absorption outer pipe and provide damping force opposite to the collision direction so as to absorb at least part of energy generated when the railway vehicle is subjected to external force collision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of energy absorbing and anti-climbering devices for rail vehicles, and more specifically, to an energy absorbing and anti-climbering device for rail vehicles and a locomotive of the rail vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Due to the large inertia and high speed of rail vehicles, although emergency braking is performed before encountering obstacles, collision accidents still occur from time to time. When two rail vehicles collide, the anti-climbing device installed at the front end of the rail vehicle will produce collision contact, and the anti-climbing teeth at the front end of the anti-climbing device will bite each other to prevent the two rail vehicles from climbing and overlapping. Therefore, the anti-climbing device of the rail vehicle is an important component of the passive safety of the rail vehicle, which can maximize the safety of the driver and passengers.

[0003] At present, the anti-climber absorbs the energy generated during the collision by crushing and deforming, and the energy absorption structure of the anti-climber absorbs and releases energy by means of expansion and contraction, which occupies a lot of external space and cannot meet the demand for lightweight rail vehicles and cannot adapt to the development of high-speed rail vehicles. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, in order to solve at least one of the technical problems in the prior art, the present disclosure provides an energy-absorbing anti-climber for a rail vehicle and a front end of a rail vehicle, which can stably absorb the energy of the rail vehicle when it is hit by an external force.

[0005] One aspect of the present disclosure provides an energy-absorbing and anti-climbing device for a rail vehicle, comprising: a mounting seat, arranged at the front end of the rail vehicle; an energy-absorbing outer tube, connected to one side of the mounting seat, an end of the energy-absorbing outer tube away from the mounting seat is provided with anti-climbing teeth, the energy-absorbing outer tube is configured to collapse along its own axial direction toward the mounting seat when the anti-climbing teeth are collided by external force; a buffer assembly, arranged on the mounting seat, the buffer assembly is configured to provide a damping force opposite to the collision direction in response to the collapsed state of the energy-absorbing outer tube, so as to absorb at least a portion of the energy of the rail vehicle when it is collided by external force.

[0006] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the anti-climbing teeth have protrusions arranged at intervals, and grooves are provided between adjacent protrusions so that when the rail vehicle collides with another rail vehicle, the anti-climbing teeth connected to the other rail vehicle can cooperate with each other.

[0007] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the buffer assembly includes: a liquid storage tube, the open end of which is connected to the other side of the mounting seat, the inner cavity of which is filled with hydraulic oil; a guide tube, which is arranged inside the energy absorbing outer tube and coaxially arranged with the energy absorbing outer tube, one end of which is connected to the anti-climbing tooth, the other end of which extends into the open end of the liquid storage tube and slides with the inner cavity of the liquid storage tube, the guide tube being configured to slide along the axial direction of the inner cavity during the collapse of the energy absorbing outer tube to change the volume of the inner cavity; wherein, the liquid storage tube causes the hydraulic oil to flow out of the liquid storage tube in response to the volume change in the inner cavity to absorb at least a portion of the energy of the rail vehicle when it is hit by an external force.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, a plurality of first throttling holes are arranged on the closed end of the liquid storage tube, and each of the first throttling holes is provided with: a valve body, one end of the valve body is connected to the closed end of the liquid storage tube and communicated with the inner cavity of the liquid storage tube, and the other end of the valve body is provided with a valve hole; a valve core is arranged in the valve body; an elastic member is connected to the valve core, and the elastic member is configured to drive the valve core to move in the valve body according to the pressure of the hydraulic oil to adjust the opening of the valve hole.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, when the other end of the guide tube is located at the initial position of the inner cavity, the pressure of the hydraulic oil is less than the preload force of the elastic member, so that the valve hole is closed.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, when the anti-climbing tooth is in the first stress state, the guide tube moves along the inner cavity toward the first throttling hole, so that the pressure of the hydraulic oil is greater than the preload force of the elastic member, so as to open the valve hole to release energy, thereby balancing the pressure in the inner cavity.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, a plurality of second throttling holes are provided on the other end of the guide tube, and the plurality of second throttling holes are all sealed by a sealing sheet.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the guide tube is configured to have a cavity. When the anti-climbing tooth is in the second stress state, the guide tube extends into the inner cavity, so that a part of the hydraulic oil flows out through the valve hole, and another part of the hydraulic oil breaks through the sealing plate in the opposite direction of the collision direction, and flows into the cavity through the plurality of second throttling holes to release energy.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, when the energy generated by the rail vehicle being hit by an external force is attenuated and the energy-absorbing outer tube collapses more slowly, the pressure of the hydraulic oil is less than the preload force of the elastic member, so that the valve hole is closed to balance the pressure in the inner cavity.

[0014] According to some embodiments of another aspect of the present disclosure, a front end of a rail vehicle is provided, comprising: the above-mentioned energy absorbing and anti-climbing device for a rail vehicle; wherein, in the event that the above-mentioned front end collides with another rail vehicle, the above-mentioned energy absorbing and anti-climbing device engages with the energy absorbing and anti-climbing device of the above-mentioned other rail vehicle, and the energy absorbing outer tube of the above-mentioned energy absorbing and anti-climbing device collapses to absorb the energy generated when the above-mentioned front end is hit by an external force.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the front of a rail vehicle includes at least two of the above-mentioned energy absorbing anti-climbers, and the two above-mentioned energy absorbing anti-climbers are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the above-mentioned front along the width direction of the above-mentioned front.

[0016] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, an energy absorbing and anti-climbing device for a rail vehicle and a front end of a rail vehicle, the energy absorbing and anti-climbing device comprises a mounting seat, an energy absorbing outer tube and a buffer assembly, the mounting seat is arranged at the front end of the rail vehicle, the energy absorbing outer tube is connected to one side of the mounting seat, and an anti-climbing tooth is arranged at the end of the energy absorbing outer tube away from the mounting seat, the energy absorbing outer tube is configured to collapse along its own axial direction toward the mounting seat when the anti-climbing tooth is collided by an external force, the buffer assembly is arranged on the mounting seat, the buffer assembly is configured to provide a damping force opposite to the collision direction in response to the collapsed state of the energy absorbing outer tube, can stably absorb at least a part of the energy of the rail vehicle when it is collided by an external force, has large energy absorption, high reliability, can meet the demand for lightweight rail vehicles, can greatly improve the passive safety of rail vehicles, and can maximize the safety of drivers and passengers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent through the following description of the embodiments of the present disclosure with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0018] Figure 1 is a perspective view of an energy absorbing and anti-climbing device for a rail vehicle according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0019] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of an energy absorbing and anti-climber for a rail vehicle according to an illustrative embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0020] In the drawings, the meanings of the reference numerals are as follows:

[0021] 1. Mounting seat;

[0022] 2. Energy absorbing outer tube;

[0023] 3. Anti-climbing teeth;

[0024] 31. bulge;

[0025] 32. Groove;

[0026] 4. Liquid storage tube;

[0027] 5. Guide tube;

[0028] 6. First throttle hole;

[0029] 61. Valve body;

[0030] 62. Valve hole;

[0031] 7. Second throttle hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that these descriptions are exemplary only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. In the following detailed description, for ease of explanation, many specific details are set forth to provide a comprehensive understanding of the embodiments of the present disclosure. However, it is apparent that one or more embodiments may also be implemented without these specific details. In addition, in the following description, descriptions of known structures and technologies are omitted to avoid unnecessary confusion of the concepts of the present disclosure.

[0033] The terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present disclosure. The terms "comprise", "include", etc. used herein indicate the existence of the features, steps, operations and / or components, but do not exclude the existence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations or components.

[0034] All terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the meanings commonly understood by those skilled in the art unless otherwise defined. It should be noted that the terms used herein should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the context of this specification and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly rigid manner.

[0035] When using expressions such as "at least one of A, B, and C, etc.", they should generally be interpreted according to the meaning of the expression commonly understood by those skilled in the art (for example, "a system having at least one of A, B, and C" should include but is not limited to a system having A alone, B alone, C alone, A and B, A and C, B and C, and / or A, B, C, etc.).

[0036] In order to ensure that the energy absorbing and anti-climbing device does not occupy a large amount of external space and meets the demand for lightweight rail vehicles, according to the inventive concept of the present disclosure, the energy absorbing and anti-climbing device includes a mounting seat, an energy absorbing outer tube and a buffer assembly. The mounting seat is arranged at the front end of the rail vehicle, the energy absorbing outer tube is connected to one side of the mounting seat, and the end of the energy absorbing outer tube away from the mounting seat is provided with anti-climbing teeth. The energy absorbing outer tube is configured to collapse along its own axial direction toward the mounting seat when the anti-climbing teeth are collided by external force. The buffer assembly is arranged on the mounting seat. The buffer assembly is configured to provide a damping force opposite to the collision direction in response to the collapsed state of the energy absorbing outer tube, so as to stably absorb the energy of the rail vehicle when it is collided by external force, has large energy absorption, high reliability, and can meet the demand for lightweight rail vehicles, can greatly improve the passive safety of the rail vehicle, and can maximize the safety of the driver and passengers.

[0037] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present disclosure more clearly understood, the present disclosure is further described in detail below in combination with specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0038] Figure 1 is a stereoscopic view of an energy absorbing and anti-climber for a rail vehicle according to an illustrative embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of an energy absorbing and anti-climber for a rail vehicle according to an illustrative embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0039] The embodiment of the present disclosure provides an energy absorbing and anti-climbing device for a rail vehicle, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it includes a mounting seat 1, an energy-absorbing outer tube 2 and a buffer assembly. The mounting seat 1 is arranged at the front end of the rail vehicle. The energy-absorbing outer tube 2 is connected to one side of the mounting seat 1, and the end of the energy-absorbing outer tube 2 away from the mounting seat 1 is provided with anti-climbing teeth 3, and the energy-absorbing outer tube 2 is configured to collapse along its own axial direction toward the mounting seat 1 when the anti-climbing teeth 3 are collided by external force. The buffer assembly is arranged on the mounting seat 1, and the buffer assembly is configured to provide a damping force opposite to the collision direction in response to the collapsed state of the energy-absorbing outer tube 2, so as to absorb at least a part of the energy of the rail vehicle when it is collided by external force.

[0040] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the mounting seat 1 is coupled to the vehicle body at the front end of the rail vehicle by threads, and can be manufactured separately according to the structure of different types of rail vehicles, or can be pre-installed on the vehicle body when the rail vehicle is manufactured.

[0041] According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, the energy-absorbing outer tube 2 can be made of a thin-walled steel tube. When the anti-climbing teeth 3 are hit by an external force, the energy-absorbing outer tube 2 collapses along its own axial direction toward the mounting seat 1, and can smoothly absorb at least a portion of the energy of the rail vehicle when it is hit by an external force. After the rail vehicle collides and the energy-absorbing outer tube 2 is collapsed to absorb energy, when the rail vehicle is subsequently repaired, only the energy-absorbing outer tube 2 needs to be replaced, and the energy-absorbing anti-climbing device does not need to be replaced as a whole, which improves the efficiency of subsequent maintenance of the rail vehicle and reduces the maintenance cost after the accident.

[0042] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the energy absorbing and anti-climbing device includes a mounting seat 1, an energy absorbing outer tube 2 and a buffer assembly. The mounting seat 1 is arranged at the front end of the rail vehicle, the energy absorbing outer tube 2 is connected to one side of the mounting seat 1, and the end of the energy absorbing outer tube 2 away from the mounting seat 1 is provided with anti-climbing teeth 3. The energy absorbing outer tube 2 is configured to collapse along its own axial direction toward the mounting seat 1 when the anti-climbing teeth 3 are collided by external force. The buffer assembly is arranged on the mounting seat 1. The buffer assembly is configured to provide a damping force opposite to the collision direction in response to the collapsed state of the energy absorbing outer tube 2. The buffer assembly is used in conjunction with the energy absorbing outer tube 2 to stably absorb at least a portion of the energy of the rail vehicle when it is collided by external force. It has large energy absorption and high reliability, and can meet the requirements of lightweight rail vehicles, can greatly improve the passive safety of rail vehicles, and can maximize the safety of drivers and passengers.

[0043] According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, Figure 2 As shown, the anti-climbing teeth 3 have protrusions 31 arranged at intervals, and grooves 32 are provided between adjacent protrusions 31 so as to cooperate with the anti-climbing teeth connected to the other rail vehicle when the rail vehicle collides with the other rail vehicle.

[0044] According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, the projections 31 arranged at intervals and the grooves 32 arranged between adjacent projections 31 extend in the vehicle width direction of the rail vehicle, so that in the event of a collision, they can engage with the anti-climbing teeth connected to another rail vehicle to prevent the two rail vehicles from climbing on each other under the action of the collision force, and can maintain the relative positions of the two rail vehicle bodies. In the event of a collision, the anti-climbing teeth of the two rail vehicles will produce a certain deformation after the concave-convex fit, and this deformation can absorb part of the energy when the rail vehicle is hit by an external force, and the projections 31 and grooves 32 extending in the vehicle width direction can guide the collision force to be dispersed along the path of the projections 31 and grooves 32, reduce the impact force transmitted to the vehicle body, maintain the stability of the rail vehicle body, and at the same time reduce the damage to the vehicle body, thereby reducing the maintenance cost after the accident.

[0045] According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, Figure 2As shown, the buffer assembly includes a reservoir tube 4 and a guide tube 5. The open end of the reservoir tube 4 is connected to the other side of the mounting seat 1, and the inner cavity of the reservoir tube 4 is filled with hydraulic oil. The guide tube 5 is arranged inside the energy-absorbing outer tube 2 and is coaxially arranged with the energy-absorbing outer tube 2. One end of the guide tube 5 is connected to the anti-climbing tooth 3, and the other end of the guide tube 5 extends into the open end of the reservoir tube 4 and slides with the inner cavity of the reservoir tube 4. The guide tube 5 is configured to slide along the axial direction of the inner cavity during the collapse of the energy-absorbing outer tube 2 to change the volume of the inner cavity. The reservoir tube 4 causes the hydraulic oil to flow out of the reservoir tube 4 in response to the volume change in the inner cavity to absorb at least a portion of the energy when the rail vehicle is hit by an external force.

[0046] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the guide tube 5 slides along the axial direction of the inner cavity during the collapse of the energy-absorbing outer tube 2. At this time, the guide tube 5 acts as a piston in the inner cavity of the liquid storage tube 4 to change the volume of the inner cavity. The guide tube 5 converts the kinetic energy absorbed by the collapse of the energy-absorbing outer tube 2 into a volume change in the inner cavity of the liquid storage tube 4, and causes the hydraulic oil to flow out of the liquid storage tube 4 through hydraulics, thereby reducing the overall weight of the energy absorption and anti-climber device, which can meet the demand for lightweight rail vehicles while ensuring the stability of the absorption capacity.

[0047] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a plurality of first throttle holes 6 are provided on the closed end of the liquid storage tube 4, and a valve body 61, a valve core and an elastic member are provided in each first throttle hole 6. One end of the valve body 61 is connected to the closed end of the liquid storage tube 4 and communicates with the inner cavity of the liquid storage tube 4, and the other end of the valve body 61 is provided with a valve hole 62. The valve core is provided in the valve body 61. The elastic member is connected to the valve core, and the elastic member is configured to drive the valve core to move in the valve body 61 according to the pressure of the hydraulic oil to adjust the opening of the valve hole 62.

[0048] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the elastic member drives the valve core to move in the valve body 61 according to the pressure of the hydraulic oil to adjust the opening of the valve hole 62. In the process of gradual opening of the valve hole 62, the hydraulic oil can smoothly flow out of the inner cavity of the liquid storage tube 4 to avoid instability caused by a sudden increase in flow. At the same time, the valve hole 62 can control the speed of hydraulic oil outflow. The elastic member appropriately adjusts the opening of the valve hole 62 in response to the pressure change of the hydraulic oil, which can achieve load maintenance on the liquid storage tube 4. The valve hole 62 can also limit the maximum flow of the hydraulic oil to prevent damage due to excessive flow.

[0049] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, when the other end of the guide tube 5 is located at the initial position of the inner cavity, the pressure of the hydraulic oil is less than the preload force of the elastic member, so that the valve hole 62 is closed.

[0050] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, when the anti-climbing tooth 3 is not subjected to external force collision, the energy-absorbing outer tube 2 does not collapse, and the guide tube 5 extending into the open end of the liquid storage tube 4 does not slide along the axial direction of the inner cavity of the liquid storage tube 4. At this time, the other end of the guide tube 5 is in the initial position of the inner cavity, and the volume of the inner cavity of the liquid storage tube 4 does not change. The pressure of the hydraulic oil is less than the preload force of the elastic member, so that the valve hole 62 is closed.

[0051] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, when the anti-climbing tooth 3 is in the first stress state, the guide tube 5 moves along the inner cavity toward the first throttling hole 6, so that the pressure of the hydraulic oil is greater than the preload force of the elastic member, so as to open the valve hole 62 to release energy, thereby balancing the pressure in the inner cavity.

[0052] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the elastic member drives the valve core to move in the valve body 61 according to the pressure of the hydraulic oil, thereby automatically adjusting the opening of the valve hole 62 and maintaining the pressure in the inner cavity of the liquid storage tube 4 stable.

[0053] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, when the anti-climbing tooth 3 is in the first stress state, that is, when the anti-climbing tooth 3 is subjected to a slight external force collision, the guide tube 5 moves along the inner cavity toward the direction close to the first throttle hole 6, and at this time, the inner cavity volume of the liquid storage tube 4 becomes smaller, so that the pressure of the hydraulic oil is greater than the preload force of the elastic member, so that the valve hole 62 is partially opened, and part of the hydraulic oil flows out of the liquid storage tube 4 to release energy. When the energy of the external force collision against the anti-climbing tooth 3 increases (the collision force increases), the guide tube 5 further moves along the inner cavity toward the direction close to the first throttle hole 6, and at this time, the inner cavity volume of the liquid storage tube 4 further becomes smaller, so that the pressure of the hydraulic oil is greater than the preload force of the elastic member, so that the valve hole 62 is fully opened, and most of the hydraulic oil flows out of the liquid storage tube 4 to release energy, thereby balancing the pressure in the inner cavity.

[0054] According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, Figure 2 As shown, a plurality of second throttling holes 7 are provided on the other end of the guide tube 5, and the plurality of second throttling holes 7 are all sealed by sealing sheets.

[0055] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the sealing sheet is made of a material that is corrosion-resistant, wear-resistant, and has a certain hardness and elasticity, such as plastic, and the shape of each sealing sheet matches the shape of the plurality of second throttle holes 7 to ensure the sealing effect. Each sealing sheet can be fixed around the plurality of second throttle holes 7 by pressing, welding, or threaded connection to seal the plurality of second throttle holes 7.

[0056] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the apertures of the multiple second throttling holes 7 are fixed, and the multiple second throttling holes 7 are all sealed by sealing sheets, so that when the anti-climbing teeth 3 are in the first stress state, the hydraulic oil will not flow into the guide tube 5 in the opposite direction of the collision direction.

[0057] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the guide tube 5 is configured to have a cavity. When the anti-climbing tooth 3 is in the second stress state, the guide tube 5 extends into the inner cavity, so that a part of the hydraulic oil flows out through the valve hole 62, and another part of the hydraulic oil breaks through the sealing plate in the opposite direction of the collision direction, and flows into the cavity through multiple second throttling holes 7 to release energy.

[0058] According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, when the anti-creeping tooth 3 is in the second stress state, that is, when the energy of the external force collision received by the anti-creeping tooth 3 increases compared with that in the first stress state (the collision force increases), the guide tube 5 extends into the inner cavity. At this time, the inner cavity volume of the liquid storage tube 4 is further reduced compared with the inner cavity volume of the liquid storage tube 4 in the first stress state, so that the pressure of the hydraulic oil is much greater than the preload force of the elastic member. The sudden increase in the pressure of the hydraulic oil cannot instantly release energy through the valve hole 62 of the first throttling hole 6. At this time, a part of the hydraulic oil flows out through the valve hole 62, and another part of the hydraulic oil breaks through the sealing plate in the opposite direction of the collision direction, and is ejected into the cavity through multiple second throttling holes 7 to release energy. At this time, the multiple second throttling holes 7 act as auxiliary throttling, which can steadily absorb the energy of the anti-creeping tooth 3 when it is subjected to external force collision, and greatly improve the energy absorption. In the process of overall absorbing the energy of the anti-climbing teeth 3 when they are hit by external force, approximately half of the hydraulic oil in the liquid storage tube 4 is sprayed into the cavity of the guide tube 5, making full use of the cavity of the energy absorbing anti-climbing device itself as a liquid storage container to avoid occupying a large amount of external space.

[0059] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, when the energy generated by the rail vehicle being hit by external force decays and the energy-absorbing outer tube 2 collapses slowly, the pressure of the hydraulic oil is less than the preload force of the elastic member, so that the valve hole 62 is closed to balance the pressure in the inner cavity.

[0060] According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, when the energy generated by the rail vehicle being hit by an external force is attenuated and the energy-absorbing outer tube 2 collapses slowly, the guide tube 5 will not move along the inner cavity toward the first throttling hole 6, and the inner cavity volume of the liquid storage tube 4 will not become smaller than the previous moment. At this time, the pressure of the hydraulic oil is less than the preload force of the elastic member, so that the valve hole 62 of the first throttling hole 6 becomes smaller until it is closed. In the process of the valve hole 62 becoming smaller, the throttling pressure can be stabilized, and the hydraulic oil can be steadily prevented from flowing out of the inner cavity of the liquid storage tube 4, thereby avoiding instability caused by a sudden decrease in flow.

[0061] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, after the rail vehicle is hit by an external force collision, the buffering energy release of the energy absorbing anti-climbing device can be summarized into the following three stages. In the first stage, when the anti-climbing tooth 3 is hit by a slight external force collision, the energy absorbing outer tube 2 slightly collapses along its own axial direction toward the direction close to the mounting seat 1, and the guide tube 5 begins to move along the inner cavity toward the direction close to the first throttle hole 6. At this time, the inner cavity volume of the liquid storage tube 4 becomes smaller, so that the pressure of the hydraulic oil is greater than the preload force of the elastic member, so as to partially open the valve hole 62, and part of the hydraulic oil flows out of the liquid storage tube 4 to release energy. In the second stage, when the energy of the external force collision of the anti-climbing tooth 3 increases (the collision force increases), the energy absorbing outer tube 2 further collapses along its own axial direction toward the direction close to the mounting seat 1, and the guide tube 5 further moves along the inner cavity toward the direction close to the first throttle hole 6. At this time, the inner cavity volume of the liquid storage tube 4 further decreases, so that the pressure of the hydraulic oil is greater than the preload force of the elastic member, and the flow rate of the hydraulic oil flowing out of the liquid storage tube 4 increases, so as to fully open the valve hole 62, and most of the hydraulic oil flows out of the liquid storage tube 4 to release energy. The third stage is when the energy of the external force collision on the anti-climbing tooth 3 increases compared with the second stage (collision force increases), the energy-absorbing outer tube 2 collapses and increases sharply along its own axial direction toward the direction close to the mounting seat 1, and most of the guide tubes 5 extend into the inner cavity. At this time, the inner cavity volume of the liquid storage tube 4 decreases sharply compared with the inner cavity volume of the liquid storage tube 4 in the second stage, so that the pressure of the hydraulic oil is much greater than the preload force of the elastic member. The sudden increase in the pressure of the hydraulic oil cannot be released instantly through the valve hole 62 of the first throttle hole 6. At this time, part of the hydraulic oil flows out through the valve hole 62, and the other part of the hydraulic oil breaks through the sealing sheet in the opposite direction of the collision direction, and is ejected into the cavity through multiple second throttle holes 7 to release energy. By utilizing the hydraulic energy absorption of the liquid storage tube 4 and the guide tube 5 in conjunction with the mechanical collapse energy absorption of the energy-absorbing outer tube 2, the energy-absorbing anti-climbing device can stably absorb the energy of the rail vehicle when it is subjected to external force collision, has large energy absorption, high reliability, and can meet the requirements of lightweight rail vehicles, can greatly improve the passive safety of rail vehicles, and can maximize the safety of drivers and passengers.

[0062] According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, a head of a rail vehicle is provided, comprising the above-mentioned energy absorbing and anti-climbing device for rail vehicles. In the event of a collision between the head of the rail vehicle and another rail vehicle, the energy absorbing and anti-climbing device engage with the energy absorbing and anti-climbing device of the other rail vehicle, and the energy absorbing outer tube 2 of the energy absorbing and anti-climbing device collapses to absorb the energy generated when the head of the rail vehicle is hit by an external force.

[0063] According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, in the event that the front of the train collides with another rail vehicle, the energy absorbing anti-climber will engage with the energy absorbing anti-climber of the other rail vehicle, and the energy absorbing outer tubes 2 of the energy absorbing anti-climbers of the two rail vehicles will collapse along their respective axial directions toward their respective mounting seats 1 to absorb the energy generated when they are hit by external forces, thereby preventing the two rail vehicles from climbing on each other under the action of the collision force, and maintaining the relative positions of the two rail vehicle bodies. At the same time, arranging the energy absorbing anti-climber at the front end of the rail train can achieve compatibility and standardization between different rail vehicle models, so as to facilitate subsequent maintenance and replacement.

[0064] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the front of the rail vehicle includes at least two energy absorbing anti-climbers, and the two energy absorbing anti-climbers are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the front along the width direction of the front.

[0065] According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, two energy-absorbing and anti-climbers are symmetrically arranged along the width direction of the front of the vehicle, which can disperse the collision force generated when two rail vehicles collide, and can provide all-round protection for both sides of the front of the vehicle. No matter it is a head-on collision or a side collision with a certain angle, the two energy-absorbing and anti-climbers can effectively absorb the energy generated by the external force collision, reduce the impact force transmitted to the body of the rail vehicle, maintain the stability of the body of the rail vehicle, minimize the risk of injury to the driver and passengers, and at the same time reduce the damage to the body, thereby reducing the maintenance cost after the accident.

[0066] The embodiments of the present disclosure are described above. However, these embodiments are only for illustrative purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Although the embodiments are described above, this does not mean that the measures in the various embodiments cannot be used in combination to advantage. The present disclosure does not depart from the scope of the present disclosure, and those skilled in the art may make various substitutions and modifications, which should all fall within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. An energy absorbing anti-climbing device for a rail vehicle, characterized in that: include: A mounting seat, arranged at the front end of the rail vehicle; An energy-absorbing outer tube connected to one side of the mounting seat, an end of the energy-absorbing outer tube away from the mounting seat is provided with anti-climbing teeth, and the energy-absorbing outer tube is configured to collapse in its own axial direction toward the mounting seat when the anti-climbing teeth are collided by external force; The buffer assembly is arranged on the mounting seat, and is configured to provide a damping force opposite to the collision direction in response to the collapsed state of the energy absorbing outer tube, so as to absorb at least a part of the energy when the rail vehicle is hit by an external force.

2. The energy absorbing and anti-climbing device for rail vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-climbing teeth are provided with protrusions arranged at intervals, and grooves are provided between adjacent protrusions so as to cooperate with the anti-climbing teeth connected to the other rail vehicle in a concave-convex manner when the rail vehicle collides with the other rail vehicle.

3. The energy absorbing and anti-climbing device for rail vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer assembly comprises: A liquid storage tube, the open end of which is connected to the other side of the mounting seat, and the inner cavity of the liquid storage tube is filled with hydraulic oil; A guide tube is arranged inside the energy absorbing outer tube and coaxially arranged with the energy absorbing outer tube, one end of the guide tube is connected with the anti-climbing tooth, the other end of the guide tube extends into the open end of the liquid storage tube and slidably cooperates with the inner cavity of the liquid storage tube, and the guide tube is configured to slide along the axial direction of the inner cavity during the collapse of the energy absorbing outer tube to change the volume of the inner cavity; The liquid storage tube causes the hydraulic oil to flow out of the liquid storage tube in response to the volume change in the inner cavity, so as to absorb at least a part of the energy when the rail vehicle is hit by an external force.

4. The energy absorbing and anti-climbing device for rail vehicles according to claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of first throttle holes are provided on the closed end of the liquid storage tube, and each of the first throttle holes is provided with: A valve body, one end of which is connected to the closed end of the liquid storage tube and communicates with the inner cavity of the liquid storage tube, and the other end of which is provided with a valve hole; A valve core is arranged in the valve body; An elastic member is connected to the valve core, and the elastic member is configured to drive the valve core to move in the valve body according to the pressure of the hydraulic oil to adjust the opening of the valve hole.

5. The energy absorbing and anti-climbing device for rail vehicles according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the other end of the guide tube is located at the initial position of the inner cavity, the pressure of the hydraulic oil is less than the preload force of the elastic member, so that the valve hole is closed.

6. The energy absorbing and anti-climbing device for rail vehicles according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the anti-climbing tooth is in the first stress state, the guide tube moves along the inner cavity toward the first throttling hole, so that the pressure of the hydraulic oil is greater than the preload force of the elastic member, so as to open the valve hole to release energy, thereby balancing the pressure in the inner cavity.

7. The energy absorbing and anti-climbing device for rail vehicles according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: A plurality of second throttling holes are arranged on the other end of the guide tube, and the plurality of second throttling holes are all sealed by sealing sheets.

8. The energy absorbing anti-climbing device for rail vehicles according to claim 7, characterized in that: The guide tube is configured to have a cavity. When the anti-climbing tooth is in the second stress state, the guide tube extends into the inner cavity, so that a portion of the hydraulic oil flows out through the valve hole, and another portion of the hydraulic oil breaks through the sealing plate in the opposite direction of the collision direction, and flows into the cavity through a plurality of the second throttling holes to release energy.

9. The energy absorbing and anti-climbing device for rail vehicles according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the energy generated by the rail vehicle being hit by an external force decays and the energy-absorbing outer tube collapses slowly, the pressure of the hydraulic oil is less than the preload force of the elastic member, so that the valve hole is closed to balance the pressure in the inner cavity.

10. A locomotive head of a rail vehicle, characterized in that: include: An energy absorbing anti-climbing device for a rail vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 9; Among them, in the event that the locomotive head collides with another rail vehicle, the energy absorbing anti-climbing device engages with the energy absorbing anti-climbing device of the other rail vehicle, and the energy absorbing outer tube of the energy absorbing anti-climbing device collapses to absorb the energy generated when the locomotive head is hit by external force.

11. The vehicle head according to claim 10, characterized in that: It comprises at least two energy absorbing anti-climbers, and the two energy absorbing anti-climbers are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the front of the vehicle along the width direction of the front of the vehicle.

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