High-reflection and high-weather-resistance photovoltaic screen printing glass

Abstract

The invention relates to high-reflection and high-weather-resistance photovoltaic silk-screen glass, and belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic glass, and the photovoltaic silk-screen glass comprises a high-reflection coating, a high-weather-resistance coating and a high-weather-resistance coating, the anti-ultraviolet coating layer is arranged on the high-reflection coating layer, and the anti-ultraviolet coating layer is arranged on the high-reflection coating layer; and the waterproof and dustproof coating layer is arranged on the anti-ultraviolet coating layer. The performance and durability of the photovoltaic glass can be remarkably improved through the multi-layer silk-screen structure of the high-reflection coating, the anti-ultraviolet coating and the waterproof and dustproof coating. The light utilization rate of a photovoltaic cell is improved through the arrangement of the high-reflection coating. By arranging the anti-ultraviolet coating, ultraviolet rays are effectively absorbed, the glass substrate and the internal coating are protected, and the service life of the photovoltaic glass is prolonged. By arranging the waterproof and dustproof coating, the self-cleaning function of the glass surface is enhanced, the maintenance cost is reduced, and the light transmittance decrease in long-term use is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic glass, and in particular to a photovoltaic silk-screen glass with high reflection and high weather resistance. Background Art

[0002] Photovoltaic power generation, as a clean and renewable energy source, has gradually become an important part of the energy structure of various countries. However, the weather resistance, light utilization rate and long-term light transmittance of photovoltaic glass have a significant impact on the overall efficiency and service life of photovoltaic cells. The photovoltaic glass currently on the market usually only adds a single layer or a simple multi-layer coating on the glass substrate to enhance light utilization or anti-ultraviolet performance, but the effect is limited. Especially in long-term outdoor environments, problems such as coating aging, decreased light transmittance, and dirt accumulation are prone to occur, thus affecting the efficiency and service life of photovoltaic power generation.

[0003] In order to improve the comprehensive performance of photovoltaic glass, researchers have tried a variety of improvement methods, such as adding nanoparticles to the coating material to increase reflectivity, using ultraviolet absorbing materials to extend the life of the coating, and adding waterproof and dustproof coatings to reduce maintenance. However, most of the current technical means still have bottlenecks in terms of coating structure stability, light utilization improvement, anti-ultraviolet performance and self-cleaning ability, making it difficult to form a durable and efficient multifunctional coating structure on photovoltaic glass.

[0004] Therefore, there is a need for a photovoltaic glass that can effectively improve light utilization while providing excellent UV resistance, waterproof and dustproof properties to extend the service life of the photovoltaic glass in outdoor environments, reduce maintenance costs, and improve photoelectric conversion efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a photovoltaic silk-printed glass with high reflectivity and high weather resistance, which improves light utilization, improves photoelectric conversion efficiency, has the ability to resist UV rays, water and dust, and increases the service life of photovoltaic glass.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides a photovoltaic screen-printed glass with high reflection and high weather resistance, wherein the photovoltaic screen-printed glass comprises:

[0007] High reflective coating: the high reflective coating is printed by screen printing technology, and the high reflective coating is arranged on the photovoltaic glass;

[0008] Anti-ultraviolet coating: the anti-ultraviolet coating is printed by screen printing technology, and the anti-ultraviolet coating is arranged on the high-reflective coating;

[0009] Waterproof and dustproof coating: The waterproof and dustproof coating is printed by screen printing technology, and the waterproof and dustproof coating is arranged on the anti-ultraviolet coating.

[0010] Furthermore, the preparation method of the high reflective coating includes:

[0011] Raw material preparation:

[0012] Silver nanoparticles or aluminum nanoparticles are selected as high-reflective coating materials. Silver nanoparticles are generated by reacting in an aqueous phase with silver nitrate as a silver source and sodium citrate as a reducing agent. Aluminum nanoparticles are prepared by laser ablation to ensure uniform distribution of nanometer scale.

[0013] Solution preparation:

[0014] Preparation of silver nanoparticles: 0.1 M silver nitrate solution and 0.1 M sodium citrate solution were mixed in a volume ratio of 1:1, heated and stirred at 60° C. for more than 30 minutes to generate a silver nanoparticle suspension;

[0015] Aluminum nanoparticles: Aluminum sheets are ablated using laser ablation to generate aluminum nanoparticles, which are then dispersed in a high refractive index solvent to form an aluminum nanosuspension;

[0016] Preparation of mixed solution: silver nanoparticles or aluminum nanoparticles are mixed with high refractive index resin in a ratio of 1:4 to prepare a high reflective coating ink, and the ink is filtered through a filter membrane with a pore size of 0.45 μm to remove impurities;

[0017] Coating application:

[0018] Screen printing: Use a 150-200 mesh screen to evenly print the high-reflective coating solution on the glass surface, and the coating thickness is controlled at 100-150 nanometers;

[0019] Initial curing: After coating, let the coating stand for at least 5 minutes to evaporate the solvent and initially cure the coating;

[0020] Heat curing: Place the photovoltaic glass in an environment of 60°C for heat curing for at least 30 minutes to ensure the stability and adhesion of the high-reflective coating.

[0021] Furthermore, the preparation method of the anti-ultraviolet coating comprises:

[0022] Raw material preparation:

[0023] TiO2 or ZnO is used as the anti-ultraviolet coating material. Both of them have strong ultraviolet absorption ability and chemical stability, and can effectively prevent ultraviolet rays from corroding the glass surface and high-reflective coating;

[0024] Preparation of UV-resistant coating solution:

[0025] Preparation of TiO2 or ZnO solution: mixing nano-sized TiO2 powder or ZnO powder with ethanol solvent to a concentration of 5% to 10%, and subjecting to ultrasonic treatment for at least 30 minutes to form a uniformly dispersed anti-ultraviolet coating solution;

[0026] Solution filtration: Filter the anti-UV coating solution through a 0.45 μm filter membrane to remove undispersed particles and ensure the uniformity and stability of the coating solution;

[0027] Anti-UV coating:

[0028] Screen printing: On the highly reflective coating, an anti-ultraviolet coating solution is printed through a 200-300 mesh screen, and the coating thickness is controlled to be 50-80 nanometers to ensure light transmittance;

[0029] Initial curing: Let the printed coating stand for at least 10 minutes to evaporate some of the solvent;

[0030] Curing treatment: Heat the photovoltaic glass in an environment of 80°C for at least 30 minutes to ensure the stable bonding between the anti-UV coating and the high-reflective layer.

[0031] Furthermore, the preparation method of the waterproof and dustproof coating includes:

[0032] Raw material preparation:

[0033] The super-hydrophobic waterproof and dustproof coating is prepared by using ink containing fluoride or silane compounds. Fluoride and silane compounds can give the surface hydrophobicity and antistatic properties to reduce the adhesion of dust and moisture;

[0034] Waterproof and dustproof coating solution preparation:

[0035] Fluoride solution or silane solution: fluoride and ethanol or isopropanol are mixed in a ratio of 1:10 to form a hydrophobic coating solution, or silane compound and ethanol or isopropanol are mixed in a ratio of 1:10 to form a hydrophobic coating solution, and the hydrophobic coating solution is allowed to stand for at least 1 hour to promote complete dissolution of the compound;

[0036] Filtration and stabilization: Filter the mixed solution to remove particles and ensure that the solution is uniform and stable;

[0037] Waterproof and dustproof coating:

[0038] Screen printing: On the anti-UV coating, use a 300-400 mesh screen to print a super hydrophobic coating with a controlled thickness of 20-30 nanometers.

[0039] Curing: Place the coated glass in a room temperature environment to cure naturally for at least 1 hour to ensure that the super-hydrophobic coating is evenly attached to the glass surface.

[0040] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0041] The multi-layer silk-screen structure of high-reflective coating, anti-UV coating, waterproof and dustproof coating can significantly improve the performance and durability of photovoltaic glass:

[0042] By providing a high-reflective coating, the light utilization rate of photovoltaic cells can be improved, and the overall photoelectric conversion efficiency can be increased by 3 to 5%.

[0043] By setting an anti-UV coating, it can effectively absorb ultraviolet rays, protect the glass substrate and internal coating, and extend the service life of photovoltaic glass by 3 to 5 times.

[0044] By setting a waterproof and dustproof coating: the self-cleaning function of the glass surface is enhanced, maintenance costs are reduced, and the decline in light transmittance in long-term use is reduced by 50%. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] Figure 1 It is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the invention, rather than all the embodiments. The embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the drawings.

[0047] In the current photovoltaic glass market, photovoltaic cell efficiency and the durability of glass materials have attracted much attention, especially the optical performance degradation, UV aging, dust accumulation and water stains caused by long-term exposure to harsh outdoor environments. Existing photovoltaic glass coating technologies mainly include single-layer or a few composite-layer coating solutions, which usually aim to improve light transmittance, enhance self-cleaning effects, or improve UV tolerance. They have the following technical characteristics and limitations:

[0048] Single-layer high-reflective coating: Some photovoltaic glass products are coated or sprayed with a single layer of high-reflective material to improve light reflectivity. However, due to the lack of a further protective layer, this single-layer structure is susceptible to environmental erosion and ultraviolet damage, and the reflective performance and service life of the glass substrate are relatively short;

[0049] Application of anti-UV coating: Some products use anti-UV coating, which suppresses the damage of UV to photovoltaic glass by adding UV absorbing materials such as TiO2 or ZnO. However, due to the lack of high reflection function, UV coating only plays a protective role and has a limited effect on improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency. In addition, the long-term stability and weather resistance of UV absorbing materials need to be improved.

[0050] Super-hydrophobic self-cleaning coating: Some photovoltaic glass uses super-hydrophobic coating to improve the waterproof and dustproof performance of the glass and reduce cleaning and maintenance costs. This type of coating is usually made of compounds such as fluoride or silane, but the coating is prone to wear and fall off under atmospheric pollution or rain erosion, resulting in a gradual decrease in the transmittance of photovoltaic glass and failing to effectively improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of photovoltaic cells;

[0051] like Figure 1 As shown, a highly reflective and weather-resistant photovoltaic screen-printed glass comprises:

[0052] High reflective coating 2: The high reflective coating 2 is printed by screen printing technology, and the high reflective coating 2 is arranged on the photovoltaic glass 1;

[0053] Anti-ultraviolet coating 3: The anti-ultraviolet coating 3 is printed by screen printing technology, and the anti-ultraviolet coating 3 is arranged on the high-reflection coating 2;

[0054] Waterproof and dustproof coating 4: The waterproof and dustproof coating 4 is printed by screen printing technology, and the waterproof and dustproof coating 4 is arranged on the anti-ultraviolet coating 3;

[0055] By using screen printing technology on the photovoltaic glass 1, a coating structure with high reflection and high weather resistance is formed, thereby improving the efficiency and service life of the photovoltaic cell; the specific implementation method is as follows:

[0056] High reflective coating 2: High reflective ink containing silver nanoparticles or aluminum nanoparticles is used to form a high reflective coating 2 on the glass surface by screen printing. These nanoparticles have high reflectivity and can effectively reflect incident light, thereby improving the light utilization rate of photovoltaic cells;

[0057] Anti-ultraviolet coating 3: A layer of anti-ultraviolet coating 3 containing an ultraviolet absorber, such as a coating containing titanium dioxide (TiO2) or zinc oxide (ZnO), is printed on the high-reflective coating 2. This coating can absorb harmful ultraviolet rays, protect the high-reflective coating 2 and the glass substrate below, and extend their service life;

[0058] Waterproof and dustproof coating 4: A super hydrophobic and antistatic coating is printed on the outermost layer, using ink containing fluoride or silane compounds. This coating can prevent the adhesion of moisture and dust, improve the self-cleaning ability and long-term light transmittance of the glass;

[0059] Through the preparation and optimization of the above multi-layer coating, the photovoltaic glass 1 product can significantly improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of photovoltaic cells in outdoor environments, extend the service life, and reduce cleaning and maintenance costs;

[0060] The preparation method of the high reflective coating 2 comprises:

[0061] Raw material preparation:

[0062] Silver nanoparticles or aluminum nanoparticles are selected as the material of the high reflective coating 2. Silver nanoparticles are generated by reacting in an aqueous phase with silver nitrate as a silver source and sodium citrate as a reducing agent, and have good reflective properties. Aluminum nanoparticles are prepared by laser ablation to ensure uniform distribution of nanometer scale.

[0063] Solution preparation:

[0064] Preparation of silver nanoparticles: 0.1 M silver nitrate solution and 0.1 M sodium citrate solution were mixed in a volume ratio of 1:1, heated and stirred at 60° C. for more than 30 minutes to generate a silver nanoparticle suspension;

[0065] Aluminum nanoparticles: Aluminum sheets are ablated using laser ablation to generate aluminum nanoparticles, which are then dispersed in a high refractive index solvent to form an aluminum nanosuspension;

[0066] Preparation of mixed solution: silver nanoparticles or aluminum nanoparticles are mixed with high refractive index resin in a ratio of 1:4 to prepare high reflective coating 2 ink, and the ink is filtered through a filter membrane with a pore size of 0.45 μm to remove impurities;

[0067] Coating application:

[0068] Screen printing: The high-reflective coating solution is uniformly printed on the surface of the photovoltaic glass 1 using a 150-200 mesh screen. In other embodiments of this embodiment, the high-reflective coating 2 solution is uniformly printed on the surface of the photovoltaic glass 1 using a 150-mesh or 200-mesh screen, or a 175-mesh screen can also be used. The coating thickness is controlled to be 100-150 nanometers. In other embodiments of this embodiment, the thickness of the high-reflective coating 2 is controlled to be 100 nanometers or 150 nanometers, or the thickness can be controlled to be 125 nanometers;

[0069] Initial curing: After coating, let the coating stand for at least 5 minutes to evaporate the solvent and initially cure the coating;

[0070] Heating and curing: The photovoltaic glass 1 is placed in an environment of 60° C. for thermal curing for at least 30 minutes to ensure the stability and adhesion of the high-reflective coating 2.

[0071] The preparation method of the anti-ultraviolet coating 3 comprises:

[0072] Raw material preparation:

[0073] Titanium dioxide (TiO2) or zinc oxide (ZnO) is used as the material of the anti-ultraviolet coating 3. Both of them have strong ultraviolet absorption ability and chemical stability, and can effectively prevent ultraviolet rays from corroding the glass surface and the high-reflective coating 2;

[0074] Preparation of anti-ultraviolet coating 3 solution:

[0075] Preparation of TiO2 or ZnO solution: nano-sized TiO2 powder or nano-sized ZnO powder is mixed with ethanol solvent to a concentration of 5% to 10%. In other embodiments of this embodiment, the concentration of TiO2 powder or ZnO powder mixed with ethanol is 5% or 10%, and the concentration can also be 7.5%. Ultrasonic treatment is performed for at least 30 minutes to form a uniformly dispersed anti-ultraviolet coating 3 solution;

[0076] Solution filtration: The anti-ultraviolet coating 3 solution was filtered through a 0.45 μm filter membrane to remove undispersed particles and ensure the uniformity and stability of the coating solution;

[0077] Anti-UV coating 3 coating:

[0078] Screen printing: On the high reflective coating 2, the anti-ultraviolet coating 3 solution is printed through a 200-300 mesh screen. In other embodiments of the present embodiment, the anti-ultraviolet coating solution can be printed on a 200 or 300 mesh screen, or a 250 mesh screen. The coating thickness is controlled to be 50-80 nanometers. In other embodiments of the present embodiment, the anti-ultraviolet coating 3 is coated with a thickness of 50 nanometers or 80 nanometers, or can be coated with a thickness of 65 nanometers to ensure light transmittance;

[0079] Initial curing: Let the printed coating stand for at least 10 minutes to evaporate some of the solvent;

[0080] Curing treatment: The photovoltaic glass 1 is placed in an environment of 80° C. and heated for at least 30 minutes to ensure that the anti-ultraviolet coating 3 and the high-reflection layer are stably bonded.

[0081] The preparation method of the waterproof and dustproof coating 4 comprises:

[0082] Raw material preparation:

[0083] The super-hydrophobic waterproof and dustproof coating 4 is prepared by using ink containing fluoride or silane compounds. Fluoride and silane compounds can give the surface hydrophobicity and antistatic properties, which can reduce the adhesion of pollutants such as dust and moisture;

[0084] Waterproof and dustproof coating 4 solution preparation:

[0085] Fluoride solution or silane solution: fluoride and ethanol or isopropanol are mixed in a ratio of 1:10 to form a hydrophobic coating solution, or silane compound and ethanol or isopropanol are mixed in a ratio of 1:10 to form a hydrophobic coating solution, and the hydrophobic coating solution is allowed to stand for at least 1 hour to promote complete dissolution of the compound;

[0086] Filtration and stabilization: Filter the mixed solution to remove particles and ensure that the solution is uniform and stable;

[0087] Waterproof and dustproof coating 4 coating:

[0088] Screen printing: On the anti-ultraviolet coating 3, a super-hydrophobic coating is printed using a 300-400 mesh screen. In other implementations of the present embodiment, the screen used for printing the super-hydrophobic coating is 300 mesh or 400 mesh, or a 350 mesh screen can be selected, and the thickness is controlled to be 20-30 nanometers. In other implementations of the present embodiment, the waterproof and dustproof coating 4 is coated with a thickness of 20 nanometers or 30 nanometers, or can be coated with a thickness of 25 nanometers.

[0089] Curing: Place the coated glass in a room temperature environment to cure naturally for at least 1 hour to ensure that the super-hydrophobic coating is evenly attached to the glass surface.

[0090] Compared with the prior art, the highly reflective and highly weather-resistant photovoltaic screen-printed glass of the present application has the following advantages:

[0091] The multi-layer silk-screen structure of the high-reflective coating 2, the anti-ultraviolet coating 3, and the waterproof and dustproof coating 4 can significantly improve the performance and durability of the photovoltaic glass 1:

[0092] By providing the high reflective coating 2, the light utilization rate of the photovoltaic cell is improved, and the overall photoelectric conversion efficiency can be increased by 3-5%.

[0093] By providing the anti-ultraviolet coating 3, ultraviolet rays are effectively absorbed, the glass substrate and the internal coating are protected, and the service life of the photovoltaic glass 1 is extended by 3 to 5 times.

[0094] By setting a waterproof and dustproof coating 4: the self-cleaning function of the glass surface is enhanced, the maintenance cost is reduced, and the decrease in light transmittance in long-term use is reduced by more than 50%.

[0095] The technical solution of the present invention is described above in conjunction with specific implementation methods, but it should be noted that the above descriptions are only for explaining the solution of the present invention and cannot be interpreted in any way as a specific limitation on the scope of protection of the invention. Based on the explanation here, those skilled in the art can think of other specific implementation methods or equivalent replacements of the present invention without creative work, and they will all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic screen-printed glass with high reflectivity and high weather resistance, characterized in that: The photovoltaic silk-screen glass comprises: High reflective coating: the high reflective coating is printed by screen printing technology, and the high reflective coating is arranged on the photovoltaic glass; Anti-ultraviolet coating: the anti-ultraviolet coating is printed by screen printing technology, and the anti-ultraviolet coating is arranged on the high-reflective coating; Waterproof and dustproof coating: The waterproof and dustproof coating is printed by screen printing technology, and the waterproof and dustproof coating is arranged on the anti-ultraviolet coating.

2. The photovoltaic screen-printed glass with high reflection and high weather resistance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the high reflective coating comprises: Raw material preparation: Silver nanoparticles or aluminum nanoparticles are selected as high-reflective coating materials. Silver nanoparticles are generated by reacting in an aqueous phase with silver nitrate as a silver source and sodium citrate as a reducing agent. Aluminum nanoparticles are prepared by laser ablation to ensure uniform distribution of nanometer scale. Solution preparation: Preparation of silver nanoparticles: 0.1 M silver nitrate solution and 0.1 M sodium citrate solution were mixed in a volume ratio of 1:1, heated and stirred at 60° C. for more than 30 minutes to generate a silver nanoparticle suspension; Aluminum nanoparticles: Aluminum sheets are ablated using laser ablation to generate aluminum nanoparticles, which are then dispersed in a high refractive index solvent to form an aluminum nanosuspension; Preparation of mixed solution: silver nanoparticles or aluminum nanoparticles are mixed with high refractive index resin in a ratio of 1:4 to prepare a high reflective coating ink, and the ink is filtered through a filter membrane with a pore size of 0.45 μm to remove impurities; Coating application: Screen printing: Use a 150-200 mesh screen to evenly print the high-reflective coating solution on the glass surface, and the coating thickness is controlled at 100-150 nanometers; Initial curing: After coating, let the coating stand for at least 5 minutes to evaporate the solvent and initially cure the coating; Heat curing: Place the photovoltaic glass in an environment of 60°C for heat curing for at least 30 minutes to ensure the stability and adhesion of the high-reflective coating.

3. The photovoltaic screen-printed glass with high reflectivity and high weather resistance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the anti-ultraviolet coating comprises: Raw material preparation: TiO2 or ZnO is used as the anti-ultraviolet coating material. Both of them have strong ultraviolet absorption ability and chemical stability, and can effectively prevent ultraviolet rays from corroding the glass surface and high-reflective coating; Preparation of UV-resistant coating solution: Preparation of TiO2 or ZnO solution: mixing nano-sized TiO2 powder or ZnO powder with ethanol solvent to a concentration of 5% to 10%, and subjecting to ultrasonic treatment for at least 30 minutes to form a uniformly dispersed anti-ultraviolet coating solution; Solution filtration: Filter the anti-UV coating solution through a 0.45 μm filter membrane to remove undispersed particles and ensure the uniformity and stability of the coating solution; Anti-UV coating: Screen printing: On the highly reflective coating, an anti-ultraviolet coating solution is printed through a 200-300 mesh screen, and the coating thickness is controlled to be 50-80 nanometers to ensure light transmittance; Initial curing: Let the printed coating stand for at least 10 minutes to evaporate some of the solvent; Curing treatment: Heat the photovoltaic glass in an environment of 80°C for at least 30 minutes to ensure the stable bonding between the anti-UV coating and the high-reflective layer.

4. The photovoltaic screen-printed glass with high reflection and high weather resistance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the waterproof and dustproof coating comprises: Raw material preparation: The super-hydrophobic waterproof and dustproof coating is prepared by using ink containing fluoride or silane compounds. Fluoride and silane compounds can give the surface hydrophobicity and antistatic properties to reduce the adhesion of dust and moisture; Waterproof and dustproof coating solution preparation: Fluoride solution or silane solution: fluoride and ethanol or isopropanol are mixed in a ratio of 1:10 to form a hydrophobic coating solution, or silane compound and ethanol or isopropanol are mixed in a ratio of 1:10 to form a hydrophobic coating solution, and the hydrophobic coating solution is allowed to stand for at least 1 hour to promote complete dissolution of the compound; Filtration and stabilization: Filter the mixed solution to remove particles and ensure that the solution is uniform and stable; Waterproof and dustproof coating: Screen printing: On the anti-UV coating, use a 300-400 mesh screen to print a super hydrophobic coating with a controlled thickness of 20-30 nanometers. Curing: Place the coated glass in a room temperature environment to cure naturally for at least 1 hour to ensure that the super-hydrophobic coating is evenly attached to the glass surface.

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