Multi-pump confluence hydraulic control system of excavator

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of mining excavators, in particular to an excavator multi-pump confluence hydraulic control system which comprises a pump set, a valve set and an oil cylinder set. The pump set comprises a first main pump, a second main pump and a third main pump, the valve set comprises a main valve and an auxiliary valve, and the oil cylinder set comprises a bucket rod oil cylinder, a bucket oil cylinder and a movable arm oil cylinder. The first main pump is connected with the auxiliary valve; the second main pump and the third main pump are connected with the main valve; the main valve comprises a movable arm valve element, a bucket valve element and a bucket rod valve element. The auxiliary valve also comprises a movable arm valve core, a bucket valve core and a bucket rod valve core; movable arm valve cores of the main valve and the auxiliary valve are connected with a movable arm oil cylinder; bucket valve elements of the main valve and the auxiliary valve are connected with a bucket oil cylinder. And bucket rod valve cores of the main valve and the auxiliary valve are connected with a bucket rod oil cylinder. Double-pump or three-pump oil supply of the movable arm oil cylinder, the bucket oil cylinder and the bucket rod oil cylinder is realized, so that the oil cylinder running speed of a large-tonnage excavator is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mining excavators, and in particular to an excavator multi-pump confluence hydraulic control system. Background Art

[0002] As a key equipment in mining operations, the performance of excavators directly affects mining efficiency and costs. With the increasing demand for large-tonnage excavators in mining operations, the traditional dual-pump dual-valve hydraulic system can no longer meet the demand for hydraulic oil flow of large-tonnage excavators, limiting the improvement of excavator performance.

[0003] At present, traditional excavators generally adopt a dual-pump + dual-valve hydraulic system combination. This system includes two hydraulic pumps and two control valves, and the hydraulic cylinders and other actuators of the excavator are controlled by the cooperation of the pumps and valves. However, with the increase in the tonnage of excavators, this dual-pump confluence system can no longer provide sufficient hydraulic oil flow to meet the speed requirements of the actuators of large excavators. In addition, in the existing technology, the operating speed of the boom cylinder, bucket cylinder and dipper rod cylinder is limited by the flow of the dual pump confluence, which affects the working efficiency of the excavator.

[0004] Therefore, the main technical problems of the existing hydraulic system include:

[0005] 1. The dual-pump confluence hydraulic system cannot provide sufficient hydraulic oil flow to meet the speed requirements of the actuators of large-tonnage excavators.

[0006] 2. Due to the limitation of hydraulic oil flow, the working efficiency and performance of the excavator cannot be further improved. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of an embodiment of the present invention is to provide an excavator multi-pump confluence hydraulic control system to achieve double or triple pump oil supply for the boom cylinder, bucket cylinder, and dipper cylinder to ensure the cylinder operating speed of a large-tonnage excavator.

[0008] In order to achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:

[0009] A multi-pump confluence hydraulic control system for an excavator, comprising a pump group, a valve group and a cylinder group; the pump group comprises a first main pump, a second main pump and a third main pump, the valve group comprises a main valve and a secondary valve, and the cylinder group comprises a boom cylinder, a bucket cylinder and an arm cylinder; the first main pump is connected to the secondary valve, and the second main pump and the third main pump are connected to the main valve; the main valve comprises a boom valve core, a bucket valve core and a boom valve core; the secondary valve also comprises a boom valve core, a bucket valve core and a boom valve core; the boom valve cores of the main valve and the secondary valve are connected to the boom cylinder; the bucket valve cores of the main valve and the secondary valve are connected to the bucket cylinder; the arm valve cores of the main valve and the secondary valve are connected to the arm cylinder.

[0010] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0011] The hydraulic control system of the present invention realizes double-pump or triple-pump oil supply for the boom cylinder, bucket cylinder, and dipper rod cylinder through a double-pump double-valve + single-pump auxiliary valve system to ensure the cylinder operation speed of large-tonnage excavators. At the same time, through the coordinated work of different pumps and valves, it is ensured that each cylinder can independently or collaboratively complete different actions, thereby improving work efficiency and flexibility. In addition, by setting relevant logic valves on the auxiliary valve, the boom holding and dipper rod holding functions of the main valve are retained, thereby improving the stability and safety of the excavator. A breakthrough in the performance of large-tonnage excavators is achieved, and their work efficiency and stability are improved.

[0012] Advantages of additional aspects of the present invention will be given in the following description, and in part will become obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. In addition, the spacing or size between each other is exaggerated to show the position of each part, and the schematic diagram is only used for illustration.

[0014] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a hydraulic control system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a secondary valve provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the left part of the middle main valve;

[0017] Figure 4yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the right part of the middle main valve and the cylinder group;

[0018] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a pump unit and an oil tank provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] In the figure: 1, auxiliary valve; 11, main overflow valve; 12, third boom valve core; 13, third boom holding valve; 14, third bucket valve core; 15, third arm valve core; 16, third arm holding valve; 2, main valve; 21, first boom valve core; 22, second boom valve core; 23, first bucket valve core; 24, first arm valve core; 25, second arm valve core; 26, bucket confluence valve core; 3, cylinder group; 31, arm cylinder; 32, bucket cylinder; 33, boom cylinder; 4, pump group; 41, first main pump; 42, second main pump; 43, third main pump; 5, oil tank; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are illustrative and are intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in the present invention have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs. In addition, it should also be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0021] In order to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background technology, this embodiment proposes an excavator multi-pump confluence hydraulic control system, such as Figure 1 As shown, the hydraulic control system includes a pump group 4, a valve group and a cylinder group 3; the valve group includes a main valve 2 and an auxiliary valve 1; Figure 4 As shown, the cylinder group 3 includes an arm cylinder 31 (arm cylinder), a bucket cylinder 32 (bucket cylinder) and a boom cylinder 33 (boom cylinder). Figure 5 As shown, the pump group 4 includes a first main pump 41, a second main pump 42 and a third main pump 43; the pumps in the hydraulic system supply oil to the cylinders through different connection relationships to drive various operations of the excavator. The cylinder group 3 is responsible for driving the excavator's actuators, including the telescopic movements of the dipper arm, bucket and boom.

[0022] The first main pump 41 is connected to the auxiliary valve 1 to provide the main hydraulic oil flow support, while the second main pump 42 and the third main pump 43 are connected to the main valve 2 to provide the combined hydraulic oil flow for the boom cylinder 33, the bucket cylinder 32 and the arm cylinder 31 respectively.

[0023] The main valve 2 includes a boom valve core, a bucket valve core and a stick valve core; the auxiliary valve 1 also includes a boom valve core, a bucket valve core and a stick valve core; the boom valve cores of the main valve 2 and the auxiliary valve 1 are connected to the boom oil cylinder 33; the bucket valve cores of the main valve 2 and the auxiliary valve 1 are connected to the bucket oil cylinder 32; the stick valve cores of the main valve 2 and the auxiliary valve 1 are connected to the stick oil cylinder 31. The main valve 2 and the auxiliary valve 1 are respectively connected to the corresponding oil cylinders through multiple valve cores (including the boom valve core, the bucket valve core and the stick valve core) to achieve control of different actions.

[0024] The multi-pump confluence oil supply of pump group 4 can provide sufficient oil flow to meet the high speed and high precision requirements of large-tonnage excavators for actuators. At the same time, the coordinated work of different pumps and valves ensures that each cylinder can independently or collaboratively complete different actions, improving work efficiency and flexibility.

[0025] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the main valve 2 includes a first boom valve core 21 and a second boom valve core 22. Figure 2 As shown, the auxiliary valve 1 includes a third boom valve core 12 (BOOM3); the first boom valve core 21 (BOOM1), the second boom valve core 22 (BOOM2) and the third boom valve core 12 are connected to the boom oil cylinder 33. These valve cores work together to control the extension and retraction of the boom oil cylinder 33.

[0026] The first boom valve core 21 and the second boom valve core 22 of the main valve 2 realize different actions of the boom by controlling the hydraulic oil to flow into different channels of the boom cylinder 33. The third boom valve core 12 of the auxiliary valve 1 is connected to the boom cylinder 33 to ensure that the boom cylinder 33 can obtain additional hydraulic support during operation, especially when high flow is required, the third boom valve core 12 plays a confluence role. Through this configuration, the excavator can complete various operations of the boom more flexibly and efficiently, while ensuring the stability of the hydraulic system under high load.

[0027] The main valve 2 includes a first bucket valve core 23 (BUCKET1) and a bucket confluence valve core 26 (XBC1), and the auxiliary valve 1 includes a third boom valve core 12; the first bucket valve core 23, the bucket confluence valve core 26 and the third bucket valve core 14 (BUKET3) are connected to the bucket cylinder 32. These valve cores work together to control the extension and retraction of the bucket cylinder 32. The first bucket valve core 23, the bucket confluence valve core 26 of the main valve 2 and the third bucket valve core 14 of the auxiliary valve 1 are in the bucket cylinder 32 to control the extension of the bucket cylinder 32. Ensure the efficiency and stability of the bucket operation, avoid excessive waste of hydraulic oil, and improve the economy of the system.

[0028] The main valve 2 includes a first arm valve core 24 (ARM1) and a second arm valve core 25 (ARM2), and the auxiliary valve 1 includes a third arm valve core 15 (ARM3); the first arm valve core 24, the second arm valve core 25 and the third arm valve core 15 are connected to the arm oil cylinder 31. The cooperation of these valve cores controls the extension and retraction of the arm oil cylinder 31.

[0029] The first boom valve core 24 and the second boom valve core 25 of the main valve 2 control the oil flow into the boom cylinder 31, thereby realizing the extension or retraction of the boom. The cooperation of these two valve cores ensures the precise control of the boom cylinder 31 under various operations. The third boom valve core 15 of the auxiliary valve 1 also plays a confluence role, especially when the boom needs greater flow support, ensuring that the confluence of multiple pumps provides sufficient oil. This design can significantly improve the operating efficiency of the boom, ensure the stability and reliability of the hydraulic system, especially under high load and high intensity operations, to ensure that the boom can complete the task quickly and accurately.

[0030] When the excavator is not in operation, there is a risk of the boom cylinder 33 and the arm cylinder 31 falling out of the cylinder, so an additional holding function is required to prevent this from happening.

[0031] The main valve 2 includes a first boom holding valve, and the auxiliary valve 1 includes a third boom holding valve 13 (HVb3), and the first boom holding valve and the third boom holding valve 13 are connected to the large chamber of the boom oil cylinder 33. The design of these holding valves ensures that when the excavator is stopped or not operated, the hydraulic oil in the large chamber of the boom oil cylinder 33 is locked, so the oil cylinder remains in place to avoid the cylinder falling phenomenon.

[0032] The first boom holding valve is set in the main valve 2, and the third boom holding valve 13 is set in the auxiliary valve 1. When the boom cylinder 33 is retracted, the return oil of the large-chamber hydraulic oil must pass through these two holding valves to return to the hydraulic oil tank. When the boom is shut down or the boom is stationary, the boom cylinder has a tendency to fall due to its own weight, that is, the large-chamber hydraulic oil in the boom cylinder is compressed and has a tendency to move. The conical structure of the holding valve firmly locks the large-chamber hydraulic oil in the cylinder to ensure that the boom does not slide down due to external force. When the machine is started to operate the boom cylinder, the holding valve is unlocked, so that the large-chamber hydraulic oil can smoothly return to the tank when the boom cylinder is retracted. This system effectively solves the problem of cylinder falling off in the traditional hydraulic system when it is shut down, and improves the safety and stability of the excavator.

[0033] The main valve 2 includes a first boom holding valve, and the auxiliary valve 1 includes a third boom holding valve 16 (HVa3), and the first boom holding valve and the third boom holding valve 16 are connected to the small chamber of the boom cylinder 31. The design of these holding valves ensures that when the excavator is stopped or not in operation, the hydraulic oil in the small chamber of the boom cylinder 31 is locked, so the cylinder remains in place to avoid the cylinder falling phenomenon.

[0034] The first boom holding valve is set in the main valve 2, and the third boom holding valve 16 is set in the auxiliary valve 1. When the boom cylinder 31 is extended, the return oil of the small chamber hydraulic oil must pass through these two holding valves to return to the hydraulic oil tank. When the machine is shut down or the boom is not moving, the boom cylinder has a tendency to fall due to its own weight, that is, the hydraulic oil in the small chamber of the boom cylinder is compressed and has a tendency to move. The conical structure of the holding valve firmly locks the hydraulic oil in the small chamber of the cylinder to ensure that the boom does not slide down due to external force. When the machine is started to operate the boom cylinder, the holding valve is unlocked, so that the small chamber hydraulic oil can return smoothly when the boom cylinder is extended. This design greatly improves the stability and safety of the boom cylinder 31 during work breaks, and prevents equipment damage or accidents caused by loose cylinders.

[0035] The hydraulic control system includes an oil tank 5, which is connected to the return oil circuit of the main valve 2 and the auxiliary valve 1, and is used to recover the hydraulic oil remaining after the cylinder is operated to ensure the recycling of the hydraulic oil. After passing through each cylinder and valve, the hydraulic oil flows back to the oil tank 5 through the return oil pipeline for storage and recycling.

[0036] A main relief valve 11 (MR) is provided in the auxiliary valve 1 and the main valve 2. The main relief valve 11 is installed in the oil circuits of the main valve, the auxiliary valve and the oil tank 5, respectively, to play a role of safety protection. The main relief valve 11 is used to control the maximum pressure in the hydraulic system. When the system pressure is too high, the main relief valve 11 automatically opens to discharge the excess hydraulic oil back to the oil tank 5 to prevent the system from being damaged due to pressure overload. It plays a role of pressure regulation and safety protection to ensure that the system can work stably under various working conditions. This design not only improves the safety of the hydraulic system, but also extends the service life of the hydraulic pump, especially under high load conditions, avoiding the potential risks caused by excessive system pressure.

[0037] The first main pump 41, the second main pump 42 and the third main pump 43 are connected in parallel to ensure the stability and efficiency of the hydraulic system under heavy load. Through this parallel design, the pump group 4 can dynamically adjust the output flow according to system requirements, thereby avoiding the situation where a single pump is overloaded and causes system efficiency reduction or overload.

[0038] This embodiment also proposes a working method of the above-mentioned excavator multi-pump confluence hydraulic control system, including:

[0039] The first boom valve core 21, the second boom valve core 22 of the main valve 2 and the third boom valve core 12 of the auxiliary valve 1 control the extension and retraction of the boom cylinder 33, and the pipelines merge externally to realize the oil supply of the three-pump system, ensuring the rapid, stable and precise movement of the boom.

[0040] The first bucket valve core 23 of the main valve 2, the bucket confluence valve core 26 and the third boom valve core 12 of the auxiliary valve 1 control the extension of the bucket cylinder 32, and the pipelines merge externally to realize the oil supply of the three-pump system. When the bucket cylinder 32 is retracted, the required flow rate is relatively small, and the auxiliary valve 1 is no longer involved in the control, and the oil is supplied by the second main pump 42 and the third main pump 43. When the bucket is extended, the three pumps are used to supply oil to ensure sufficient hydraulic flow, and when it is retracted, only part of the pumps are used to reduce the flow demand, achieving energy saving effect.

[0041] The first boom valve core 24, the second boom valve core 25 of the main valve 2 and the third boom valve core 15 of the auxiliary valve 1 control the extension and retraction of the boom cylinder 31, and the external pipelines merge to realize the oil supply of the three-pump system, provide sufficient hydraulic oil flow, and ensure precise control of the boom.

[0042] The first boom holding valve of the main valve 2 and the third boom holding valve 13 of the auxiliary valve 1 prevent the boom cylinder 33 from falling freely; the first dipper arm holding valve of the main valve 2 and the third dipper arm holding valve 16 of the auxiliary valve 1 prevent the dipper arm cylinder 31 from falling freely, preventing the boom cylinder 33 and the dipper arm cylinder 31 from falling out when the excavator is not in operation, thereby ensuring the stability and safety of the equipment in a stationary state.

[0043] This working method ensures smooth operation of large-tonnage excavators under high-intensity working conditions, provides sufficient hydraulic flow support, and effectively locks the cylinder position by holding the valve when stopping operation to avoid safety hazards.

[0044] Although the above describes the specific implementation mode of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the technical solution of the present invention without creative work are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An excavator multi-pump confluence hydraulic control system, characterized in that: It includes a pump group, a valve group and a cylinder group; the pump group includes a first main pump, a second main pump and a third main pump, the valve group includes a main valve and a secondary valve, and the cylinder group includes a boom cylinder, a bucket cylinder and a boom cylinder; The first main pump is connected to the auxiliary valve, and the second main pump and the third main pump are connected to the main valve; the main valve includes a boom valve core, a bucket valve core and a stick valve core; the auxiliary valve also includes a boom valve core, a bucket valve core and a stick valve core; The boom valve cores of the main valve and the auxiliary valve are connected to the boom oil cylinder; the bucket valve cores of the main valve and the auxiliary valve are connected to the bucket oil cylinder; and the stick valve cores of the main valve and the auxiliary valve are connected to the stick oil cylinder.

2. The excavator multi-pump confluence hydraulic control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main valve comprises a first boom valve core and a second boom valve core, and the auxiliary valve comprises a third boom valve core; the first boom valve core, the second boom valve core and the third boom valve core are connected to the boom oil cylinder.

3. The excavator multi-pump confluence hydraulic control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main valve includes a first bucket valve core and a bucket merging valve core, and the auxiliary valve includes a third boom valve core; the first bucket valve core, the bucket merging valve core and the third bucket valve core are connected to the bucket cylinder.

4. The excavator multi-pump confluence hydraulic control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main valve includes a first boom valve core and a second boom valve core, and the auxiliary valve includes a third boom valve core; the first boom valve core, the second boom valve core and the third boom valve core are connected to the boom oil cylinder.

5. The excavator multi-pump confluence hydraulic control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main valve includes a first boom holding valve, the auxiliary valve includes a third boom holding valve, and the first boom holding valve and the third boom holding valve are connected to the boom cylinder.

6. The excavator multi-pump confluence hydraulic control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main valve includes a first boom holding valve, and the auxiliary valve includes a third boom holding valve. The first boom holding valve and the third boom holding valve are connected to the boom cylinder.

7. The excavator multi-pump confluence hydraulic control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic control system further comprises an oil tank, which is in communication with the oil return paths of the main valve and the auxiliary valve.

8. The excavator multi-pump confluence hydraulic control system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The auxiliary valve further comprises a main overflow valve, and the main overflow valve is arranged on the oil path between the first main pump and the oil tank.

9. The excavator multi-pump confluence hydraulic control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first main pump, the second main pump and the third main pump are connected in parallel.

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