Air spring bag skin structure and production auxiliary tool and method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an air spring bag skin structure which is of a hollow columnar structure and is composed of a cord thread layer and a rubber layer clamping the cord thread layer, the cord thread layer is composed of single-layer nylon threads, the distances between the nylon threads are close or the same, and all the nylon threads are spirally arranged in the same direction. The air spring bag skin structure is of a hollow columnar structure formed by an inner rubber layer, a cord thread layer and an outer rubber layer in sequence from inside to outside, the cord thread layer is composed of an inner layer solid body and a nylon cord thread layer wound on the surface of the inner layer solid body, and a plurality of nylon threads are spirally and evenly distributed on the surface of the inner layer solid body. According to the structure, cord fabric with warps and wefts is not adopted, and the cord is directly and evenly wound in the bag skin forming process, so that heat generated by cross friction of the warps and the wefts is structurally avoided. And the life and hysteresis performance of the capsule skin are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of automobile vibration reduction, in particular to a bladder structure of an air spring for a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] With the development of the automobile industry, people have higher and higher requirements for the comfort and functionality of vehicles. Air springs are used more and more widely in vehicles. As one of the key functional components of air springs, the bladder skin moves up and down on the bending line between the casing and the piston during the inflation and deflation process to change the volume of the bladder skin envelope and realize the function of the air spring.

[0003] The existing air spring bladder is a single-layer axial spiral cord type or a double-layer cross spiral cord type. For example, the public document with the announcement number CN117052821A, the publication date of 2023-11-14, and the patent name of "Air Spring Bladder", discloses an air spring bladder, including an inner rubber layer, an axial straight cord layer, a radial curved cord layer and an outer rubber layer, the inner rubber layer is located at the innermost side of the bladder, the outer rubber layer is located at the outermost side of the bladder, the axial straight cord layer and the radial curved cord layer are located between the inner rubber layer and the outer rubber layer, and the axial straight cord layer is located on the inner or outer side of the radial curved cord layer.

[0004] Due to the existence of warp and weft in the cord structure, whether it is a single-layer axial spiral cord type bladder or a double-layer cross spiral cord type, during the bending process, as the diameter of the bladder changes, the warp and weft will rub against each other to generate heat, causing the temperature of the bladder to increase. As the use time increases, this temperature will accelerate the aging of the bladder, affecting its service life and reducing its hysteresis performance, thereby affecting the life and response time of the vehicle suspension, and ultimately affecting the comfort and functionality of the vehicle.

[0005] In general, the common air spring bag skin structure has the following problems:

[0006] 1. The cord structure currently used on the bladder skin has warp and weft. During the production process, the cord is spirally axially distributed. During the operation of the bladder skin, due to the change in the volume surrounded by the bladder skin, the piston and related parts, the warp and weft produce relative displacement near the intersection, which causes the friction between the warp and weft to generate heat, causing the temperature of the surrounding rubber to rise, thereby causing the surrounding rubber to age, affecting its fatigue life and reducing the hysteresis performance of the bladder skin;

[0007] 2. The current fabric structure used on the bladder skin has warp and weft, which inevitably causes the thickness of the bladder skin to be superimposed at the intersection of the warp and weft, resulting in poor thickness and uneven thickness, which in turn leads to inconsistent dynamic hysteresis performance during the movement of the bladder skin;

[0008] 3. The spiral axial winding of the cord used in the current bladder skin will inevitably lead to overlap, resulting in the thickness of the overlapped part being thicker than the non-overlapped part by one cord thickness, which also leads to thickness variation and uneven thickness, which in turn leads to reduced dynamic hysteresis performance during the movement of the bladder skin;

[0009] 4. The cord fabric currently used on the bladder skin needs to be cut into a suitable width before production. The cutting process may cause the warp threads to be cut, resulting in the cords on both sides of the cord fabric width not being complete, which in turn affects the strength of the bladder skin. Summary of the invention

[0010] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to realize a new air spring bladder structure, which does not use a cord with warp and weft threads, but directly uses a structure in which the cords are evenly wound during the bladder forming process, thereby structurally avoiding the heat generated by the cross friction of the warp and weft threads, thereby improving the life and hysteresis performance of the bladder.

[0011] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an air spring bladder structure, which is a hollow cylindrical structure, composed of a cord layer and a rubber layer that clamps the cord layer, and the cord layer is composed of a single layer of nylon wire, the spacing between the nylon wires is similar or the same, and all nylon wires are arranged in the same direction as the spiral.

[0012] The cord layer is provided with a single layer; or, the cord layer is provided with multiple layers, the spiral directions of the nylon threads of two adjacent cord layers are opposite, and adjacent cord layers share a common rubber layer.

[0013] Round weft nylon threads are arranged at both ends of each cord layer.

[0014] The rubber layer is a rubber layer made of oil-resistant sealing material, and the inner surface and / or outer surface of the air spring bag structure is provided with an outer protective layer, and the outer protective layer is a rubber layer made of wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant material.

[0015] The air spring bladder is a bladder of a vehicle air spring.

[0016] A production aid for producing an air spring bag skin structure, comprising a movable harness plate, a fixed harness plate and a support column, wherein the support column is vertically fixed on the fixed harness plate, the movable harness plate and the fixed harness plate are provided with wire holes at equal intervals around their peripheries for nylon wires to pass through, the center of the movable harness plate is provided with a hole for the support column and the adhesive layer to pass through, and the movable harness plate is provided with a plurality of nylon wires for installing nylon wires with different outer diameter distribution areas.

[0017] The movable harness plate is provided with an annular clamp for clamping the nylon wire end, a locking mechanism is provided between the annular clamp and the movable harness plate, the movable harness plate is connected to the rotating and telescopic mechanism through a connecting rod, the rotating direction of the rotating and telescopic mechanism is coaxial with the axis of the support column, and the telescopic direction is parallel to the axis of the support column.

[0018] The wire hole of the fixed wire harness plate is a waist-shaped hole or a groove-shaped structure that opens radially outward along the fixed wire harness plate.

[0019] A production method for producing an air spring bladder structure, comprising air spring bladder preparation and air spring bladder vulcanization, wherein the air spring bladder preparation comprises the following steps:

[0020] 1) Wrap a layer of glue around the support column;

[0021] 2) Select an active harness plate with a suitable wire hole size and fix the active harness plate to the rotating and telescopic mechanism;

[0022] 3) Make the movable harness plate and the fixed harness plate contact or close to each other, pass multiple nylon wires through the corresponding wire holes of the movable harness plate and the fixed harness plate in sequence, and then use the annular clamp to clamp the ends of each nylon wire;

[0023] 4) Control the movable harness plate to move away from the fixed harness plate according to the set wire pulling speed, rotation direction and rotation speed, so that the nylon wire is spirally wound and adhered to the surface of the adhesive layer;

[0024] 5) Wrap a layer of glue around the previous layer of cord;

[0025] 6) Is the preparation of the air spring bladder completed? If not, check range 2). If yes, perform vulcanization of the air spring bladder.

[0026] The production method of the air spring bag skin structure is characterized in that: 3) glue is brushed or weft thread is wrapped on the outer side of the movable harness plate to fix the thread end before clamping the nylon thread end. After the annular clamp clamps the nylon thread end, each nylon thread is tightened to a set tension value.

[0027] The air spring bag skin structure of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0028] 1. The direct axial spiral winding cord structure avoids the crossover of warp and weft lines, and does not generate heat due to mutual friction, which leads to rubber aging, thus improving the fatigue life of the rubber and the hysteresis performance of the system;

[0029] 2. The structure of direct axial spiral winding cord is adopted, which avoids the deterioration of the bladder skin thickness caused by the superposition of the intersection size of the warp and weft lines, and improves the deflection uniformity of the bladder skin and the hysteresis performance of the system;

[0030] 3. The structure of direct axial spiral winding cord is adopted, which avoids the deterioration of the bladder thickness caused by the overlap of the cord fabric over a wide width, and improves the deflection uniformity of the bladder skin and the hysteresis performance of the system;

[0031] 4. The direct axial spiral winding cord process adopted greatly improves the utilization rate and storage cycle of the cord, reduces production costs and reduces carbon emissions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] The following is a brief description of the contents expressed in each figure in the specification of the present invention and the marks in the figure:

[0033] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the single-layer structure of the air spring bag skin;

[0034] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the wiring harness board structure;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the production of air spring bladder skin;

[0036] The markings in the above figures are: 1. Glue layer; 2. Cord layer; 3. Movable harness plate; 4. Fixed harness plate; 5. Wire hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The following is a further detailed description of the specific implementation methods of the present invention, such as the shape, structure, relative position and connection relationship between the various components involved, the function and working principle of each part, the manufacturing process and operation method, etc., through the description of the embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, so as to help those skilled in the art to have a more complete, accurate and in-depth understanding of the inventive concept and technical solution of the present invention.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, the air spring bladder skin structure as a whole is composed of two rubber layers 1 sandwiching a cord layer 2, and the overall structure is a hollow columnar structure. The rubber layer is a rubber layer 1 made of oil-resistant sealing material. In order to protect the air spring bladder skin structure, an outer protective layer can be provided on the inner surface or outer surface of the air spring bladder skin structure, or an outer protective layer can be provided on both the inner surface and the outer surface of the air spring bladder skin structure. The outer protective layer is a rubber layer 1 made of wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant material. The constructed air spring bladder skin structure can be a bladder used in a vehicle air spring.

[0039] The cord layer 2 in the air spring bag skin can be provided with multiple layers or only one layer. If a single-layer structure is adopted, the cord layer 2 is clamped by the rubber layers 1 on both sides, and the cord layer 2 is a spirally wound nylon wire. If a multi-layer cord layer 2 is adopted, a rubber layer 1 for spacing is provided between adjacent cord layers 2. The rubber layer 1 is used to separate the cord layers 2 of different layers so that all the cord layers 2 do not contact each other, and the nylon wires of the cord layers 2 of the same layer will not contact each other. The spiral directions of the nylon wires of two adjacent cord layers 2 are opposite.

[0040] The cord layer 2 is composed of multiple spirally evenly distributed nylon wires. The rotation arc of the nylon wire is adjusted according to the actual application. The spacing between each nylon wire in the same layer of cord layer 2 is the same or close. Circular weft nylon wires are provided at both ends of each cord layer 2 to ensure the molding effect and buckling process. The structure of direct axial spiral winding of the cord is adopted to structurally avoid the deterioration of the bladder thickness caused by the superposition of the intersection size of the warp and weft lines, and improve the flexural uniformity of the bladder and the hysteresis performance of the system. The structure of direct axial spiral winding of the cord is adopted to structurally avoid the deterioration of the bladder thickness caused by the overlap of the cord fabric in a wide width, and improve the flexural uniformity of the bladder and the hysteresis performance of the system.

[0041] The production aids used to produce the air spring bag skin structure include a movable harness plate 3, a fixed harness plate 4 and a support column. The movable harness plate 3 and the fixed harness plate 4 are circular plates. One section of the support column is fixedly connected to the fixed harness plate 4 and the support column is coaxial with the fixed harness plate 4. The length of the support column is the length of the air spring bag skin structure to be produced. The outer diameter of the support column is the inner diameter of the air spring bag skin structure to be produced. The movable harness plate 3 and the fixed harness plate 4 are equidistantly provided with wire holes 5 for nylon wires to pass through.

[0042] The number of wire holes 5 on the movable wiring harness plate 3 and the fixed wiring harness plate 4 is the same, and the wire holes 5 on the movable wiring harness plate 3 and the fixed wiring harness plate 4 are all set at equal angles. The movable wiring harness plate 3 is set with multiple parts, and is a component that needs to be replaced. Because after pasting multiple layers of film, the inner diameter position of the cord layer 2 needs to be adjusted, and because the outer diameter of the film increases, the central hole of the movable wiring harness plate 3 also needs to be gradually increased to ensure that the curled cylindrical film can pass through the hole. Therefore, the 5 circles of wire holes 5 formed by the wire holes 5 on the movable wiring harness plate 3 (a circle formed by the center of the wire holes 5) will change due to the outer diameter of the installed cord layer 2. The aperture of the wire hole 5 itself and the angle between the wire holes 5 are unchanged. The 5 circles of wire holes of multiple movable wiring harness plates 3 increase or decrease with the size of the processed cord layer 2, so that multiple movable wiring harness plates 3 can be used to install nylon wires of different outer diameter areas (wire hole 5 circle sizes).

[0043] The wire holes 5 of the fixed wiring harness plate 4 are waist-shaped holes or groove-like structures that are open radially outward along the fixed wiring harness plate 4. In this way, there is no need to prepare multiple fixed wiring harness plates 4, and they can be fixed on the tooling. The position of the nylon wire is controlled by the movable wiring harness plate 3. Generally speaking, the fixed wiring harness plate 4 is fixed horizontally, and the central support column is vertically upward. The movable wiring harness plate 3 moves up and down along the support column. The same number of wire releasers as the wire holes 5 need to be equipped under the fixed wiring harness plate 4. Each wire releaser is wrapped with a strand of nylon wire, and the wire releasers are also set at equal angles like the wire holes 5.

[0044] The movable wiring harness plate 3 needs to move upward with the nylon wire end, so an annular clamping plate for clamping the nylon wire end is provided on the movable wiring harness plate 3. The clamping plate is a device that cooperates with the movable wiring harness plate 3 to clamp the wire end, and needs to have a certain anti-slip function. Therefore, a rubber ring is preferably used. A locking mechanism is provided between the movable wiring harness plate 3 and the annular clamping plate. The locking mechanism is used to press the annular clamping plate and the movable wiring harness plate 3 to clamp the wire end, and can also be loosened to allow a gap between the annular clamping plate and the movable wiring harness plate 3, so that the wire can be passed through the annular clamping plate and the movable wiring harness plate 3 and clamped. The locking mechanism can adopt an existing pressure rod type clamping mechanism. The working movable wiring harness plate 3 is connected to the rotating and telescopic mechanism through a connecting rod. The rotating direction of the rotating and telescopic mechanism is coaxial with the axis of the support column, and the telescopic direction is parallel to the axis of the support column, so as to realize the up and down movement and rotational movement of the movable wiring harness plate 3. In order to avoid interference with the film and the support column, multiple connecting rods can be used to detachably connect the edge of the movable wiring harness plate 3 to fix it. The rotating and telescopic mechanism can be connected to the connecting rod by the output end of a stepper motor, and then the stepper motor can be fixed on the electric cylinder that lifts up and down.

[0045] Combined with the above-mentioned auxiliary tools, the production method of the air spring bladder structure is that the cord is wound on the inner layer entity through the relatively uniform rotation of two or more wiring devices during the bladder forming process. If there are multiple layers of cord, the cord is wound continuously in sequence by a corresponding number of wiring device groups. Interlayer glue is wound between the wiring device groups. The wiring device is uniformly driven by a motor, and the spacing between two adjacent wires is controlled to be uniform by controlling the angular velocity.

[0046] Specifically, it includes air spring bladder skin preparation and air spring bladder skin vulcanization, wherein the air spring bladder skin preparation includes the following steps:

[0047] 1) Wrap a layer of adhesive layer 1 around the support column. The surface of the adhesive layer 1 is self-adhesive, so it only needs to be cut to a suitable size and wrapped around the support column to fix it;

[0048] 2) Select an active harness plate 3 with a suitable size of 5 turns of wire holes, generally the smallest one (the active harness plate 3 with the smallest 5 turns of wire holes). The 5 turns of wire holes of the active harness plate 3 are slightly larger than the outer diameter of the rubber layer 1 on the current support column. Fix the active harness plate 3 to the connecting rod of the rotating and telescopic mechanism and tighten it;

[0049] 3) The movable harness plate 3 is lowered to the bottom, and the movable harness plate 3 and the fixed harness plate 4 are brought into contact or close to each other. Multiple nylon wires are passed through the wire holes 5 corresponding to the movable harness plate 3 and the fixed harness plate 4 in sequence, and then the ends of each nylon wire are clamped with the annular clamp. In order to reliably fix the ends of the nylon wires before clamping them, glue is applied or weft is wound on the outer side of the movable harness plate 3 to fix the ends of the nylon wires before clamping them. After the annular clamp clamps the ends of the nylon wires, each nylon wire is tightened to the set tension value, and the preparation work for setting the cord layer 2 is completed;

[0050] 4) According to the set wire pulling speed, rotation direction and rotation speed, the movable wire harness plate 3 is controlled to be away from the fixed wire harness plate 4, so that the nylon wire is spirally adhered to the surface of the adhesive layer 1. The nylon wire will rotate upward and shrink slightly, and will be affected by the adhesive layer 1 and adhere to the adhesive layer 1 in a spiral shape;

[0051] 5) Wrap a layer of adhesive layer 1 around the upper adhesive layer 1, and at this time, the upper layer of nylon wire can be reliably fixed and clamped between the two adhesive layers 1;

[0052] 6) Is the preparation of the air spring bladder skin completed? If not, in range 2), select a larger active wiring harness plate 3. If yes, vulcanize the air spring bladder skin to complete the preparation of the air spring bladder skin structure.

[0053] The present invention is described above by way of example in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is obvious that the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned method. As long as various non-substantial improvements are made using the method concept and technical solution of the present invention, or the concept and technical solution of the present invention are directly applied to other occasions without improvement, they are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An air spring bladder structure, which is a hollow cylindrical structure, consisting of a cord layer and a rubber layer that clamps the cord layer, and is characterized by: The cord layer is composed of a single layer of nylon wires, the spacing between the nylon wires is close or the same, and all the nylon wires are arranged in the same direction spirally.

2. The air spring bag structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cord layer is provided with a single layer; or, the cord layer is provided with multiple layers, the spiral directions of the nylon threads of two adjacent cord layers are opposite, and adjacent cord layers share a common rubber layer.

3. The air spring bag structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: Round weft nylon threads are arranged at both ends of each cord layer.

4. The air spring skin structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rubber layer is a rubber layer made of oil-resistant sealing material, and the inner surface and / or outer surface of the air spring bag structure is provided with an outer protective layer, and the outer protective layer is a rubber layer made of wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant material.

5. The air spring bag structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The air spring bladder is a bladder of a vehicle air spring.

6. A production aid for producing an air spring bag structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: It includes a movable wiring harness plate, a fixed wiring harness plate and a support column. The support column is vertically fixed on the fixed wiring harness plate. The movable wiring harness plate and the fixed wiring harness plate are provided with wire holes at equal intervals around the periphery for nylon wires to pass through. The center of the movable wiring harness plate is provided with a hole for the support column and the rubber layer to pass through. The movable wiring harness plate is provided with multiple nylon wires for installing different outer diameter distribution areas.

7. The production aid for the air spring bag structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The movable harness plate is provided with an annular clamp for clamping the nylon wire end, a locking mechanism is provided between the annular clamp and the movable harness plate, the movable harness plate is connected to the rotating and telescopic mechanism through a connecting rod, the rotating direction of the rotating and telescopic mechanism is coaxial with the axis of the support column, and the telescopic direction is parallel to the axis of the support column.

8. The production aid for the air spring bag structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The wire hole of the fixed wire harness plate is a waist-shaped hole or a groove-shaped structure that opens radially outward along the fixed wire harness plate.

9. A method for producing an air spring bladder structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising air spring bladder preparation and air spring bladder vulcanization, characterized in that: The preparation of the air spring bag skin comprises the following steps: 1) Wrap a layer of glue around the support column; 2) Select an active harness plate with a suitable wire hole size and fix the active harness plate to the rotating and telescopic mechanism; 3) Make the movable harness plate and the fixed harness plate contact or close to each other, pass multiple nylon wires through the corresponding wire holes of the movable harness plate and the fixed harness plate in sequence, and then use the annular clamp to clamp the ends of each nylon wire; 4) Control the movable harness plate to move away from the fixed harness plate according to the set wire pulling speed, rotation direction and rotation speed, so that the nylon wire is spirally wound and adhered to the surface of the adhesive layer; 5) Wrap a layer of glue around the previous layer of cord; 6) Is the preparation of the air spring bladder completed? If not, check range 2). If yes, perform vulcanization of the air spring bladder.

10. The air spring skin structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: The production method of the air spring bag skin structure is characterized in that: 3) glue is brushed or weft thread is wrapped on the outer side of the movable harness plate to fix the thread end before clamping the nylon thread end. After the annular clamp clamps the nylon thread end, each nylon thread is tightened to a set tension value.

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