Sewage pipeline silting hydrodynamic force simulation measurement device and silting state measurement method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of non-full-flow pipeline measurement, and provides a sewage pipeline silting hydrodynamic force simulation measurement device and a silting state measurement method, the sewage pipeline silting hydrodynamic force simulation measurement device comprises an upstream vertical shaft, a downstream pool, an experiment pipeline, a water return pipeline, a water inlet pipeline, a batch feeder and a camera; the upstream water shaft is located at the upper end of the experimental pipeline, and the downstream water tank is located at a tail end outlet of the experimental pipeline; an observation camera is arranged above the experiment pipeline; a gradient adjusting device is arranged below the base; the batch feeder is arranged on the experimental pipeline close to the upstream vertical shaft; and the water return pipeline is connected with the upstream vertical shaft and the downstream water tank. A half-pipe open channel is used as an experimental pipeline for studying non-full pipe flow, a camera is matched to record the whole process of silting change in the pipe, and collected video information is converted into feature data through an image recognition technology; the situation that the state in the pipe is observed only through side glass in a traditional organic glass pipeline experiment is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of non-full flow pipeline measurement, and in particular to a sewage pipeline clogging hydrodynamic simulation measurement device and a clogging state measurement method. Background Art

[0002] Urban sewage systems are important urban infrastructure for maintaining the urban water environment and preventing the spread of diseases, and are crucial to protecting the public health and ecological health of cities. Pipeline blockage is a common disease problem in urban sewage systems. It will significantly reduce the drainage capacity of the system, causing sewage blowouts, and will also cause pipeline corrosion and generate harmful gases, causing air pollution and endangering the safety of underground workers. Therefore, the problem of sewage pipe blockage seriously affects the urban environment and threatens public safety, and needs to be solved urgently.

[0003] The causes of sewage pipe blockage are very complex. After sewage containing high concentrations of pollutants enters the pipe, its suspended matter is prone to sedimentation during low flow rates in the pipe and scouring during high flow rates. The resulting blockage will also react to the pipeline hydrodynamic process, forming complex hydraulic phenomena such as waterlogging, weir flow, and local pressure flow, which will again affect the development of blockage. The mechanism of mutual feedback between blockage and hydrodynamics in sewage pipes is very complex. Its research is the key to solving the problem of sewage pipe blockage and is also a major difficulty in the field of sewage pipe network research.

[0004] In recent years, some studies have focused on the hydraulic conditions for the formation of sewage pipe siltation, but these works mainly explore the migration characteristics of particles in the pipe through experimental observation or numerical simulation, and lack understanding of the interaction mechanism between siltation and hydrodynamics (including the formation and development of siltation and the hydrodynamic effects of the pipe after siltation). Although there have been studies on the interaction between siltation sediments and fluids in the pipe in the field of water supply pipe siltation research, water supply pipes are full pipes with pressurized flow environments, and the flow rate is often large, while sewage pipes are usually low-flow, non-pressurized flow environments, and the pollutant concentration, component complexity and particle size in water supply pipes are significantly lower than those in sewage pipes. Therefore, it is impossible to directly apply them to the study of sewage pipe siltation hydrodynamics. Moreover, in the experimental devices used in most of the current sewage pipe siltation research, sand with different particle gradations is used as the medium to study sedimentation siltation. However, the sediments in real sewage pipes are mainly composed of inorganic suspended particles in surface runoff and organic pollutants in domestic sewage. Their physical characteristics (such as density, surface smoothness, viscosity, sedimentation rate, etc.) are significantly different from sand. Another drawback of existing research test devices is that they often use PVC or glass materials to build pipes for observation, while real sewage pipes are usually made of concrete, high-density polyethylene and other materials, and their roughness coefficients are significantly different from the common test pipes currently used. Therefore, the relevant theories, models and formulas established based on the current test devices cannot be directly used to study the clogging problem of real urban sewage pipes. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a sewage pipe clogging hydrodynamic simulation measuring device, comprising an upstream vertical shaft, a downstream water pool, an experimental pipe, a return pipe, an inlet pipe, a feeder and a camera;

[0007] The water inlet pipe and the downstream water pool are used to provide an initial water source, the upstream water shaft is located at the upper end of the experimental pipe, and the downstream water pool is located at the terminal outlet of the experimental pipe;

[0008] An observation camera is provided above the experimental pipeline to observe the clogging in the experimental pipeline under different non-full pipe flow conditions;

[0009] There is a water level difference between the water inlet of the experimental pipeline and the water outlet of the experimental pipeline, and a slope adjustment device is provided below the experimental pipeline for adjusting the slope of the experimental pipeline;

[0010] The feeder is arranged at the experimental pipeline close to the upstream shaft and is used to add sediment feed into the experimental pipeline;

[0011] The return water pipe is used to adjust the upstream and downstream water levels and realize water circulation. The return water pipe is connected to the upstream shaft and the downstream pool. A flow pump is installed in the return water pipe to transport the water in the downstream pool to the upstream shaft.

[0012] The water inlet pipe is connected to the downstream water pool, and the pipe mouth of the water inlet pipe is also equipped with a water inlet valve to control the water inlet speed.

[0013] Furthermore, the experimental pipeline is a circular half-tube open channel with a rough inner wall.

[0014] Furthermore, the roughness coefficient of the experimental pipeline is about 0.014.

[0015] Furthermore, a return valve is provided in the return pipe to control the pumping rate of the flow pump and the water flow rate in the experimental pipe.

[0016] The return water pipe and the inlet water pipe are both provided with real-time flow meters.

[0017] The outlet of the return pipe connected to the upstream shaft is provided with a flow stabilizer, which is cross-shaped and is used to reduce the impact effect of water inflow, avoid drastic fluctuations in the water level of the upstream shaft, and keep the water level of the upstream shaft relatively stable.

[0018] Furthermore, a filter screen capable of filtering sediment is provided at the connection between the downstream water pool and the return water pipe.

[0019] Furthermore, a wave height meter is provided in the experimental pipeline for measuring the water level in the experimental pipeline.

[0020] Furthermore, the slope adjustment device includes a support frame and a slope-changing jack. The support frame is arranged below the experimental pipeline to support the experimental pipeline and assist in adjusting the slope of the experimental pipeline; the slope-changing jack is located below the support frame to adjust the inclination slope of the support frame and the experimental pipeline.

[0021] The present invention also provides a method for measuring the clogging state of a sewage pipe. The method is based on the above-mentioned simulation measuring device and comprises:

[0022] (1) Open the water inlet valve to store water in the downstream pool:

[0023] Close the flow pump and return valve on the return pipe, open the water inlet valve, allow external water to enter the downstream pool and store water to the elevation line, then close the water inlet valve;

[0024] (2) Adjust the slope of the experimental pipeline:

[0025] Keep the return valve and the inlet valve closed, adjust the slope changing device to make the experimental pipeline slowly tilt from the horizontal state to the specified slope, and after confirming that the slope meets the requirements through the protractor, fix the experimental pipeline and the slope changing device to keep the slope stable;

[0026] (3) Connect the upstream shaft and the downstream pool and set the water level in the experimental pipeline:

[0027] Open the flow pump and the return valve to connect the upstream shaft and the downstream pool. After water flow appears in the experimental pipeline and the water level no longer changes, adjust the return valve to control the upstream and downstream water level difference, and then control the water level in the experimental pipeline to stabilize at the required water level of the experiment, so as to ensure that the flow rate in the experimental pipeline meets the experimental needs;

[0028] (4) Start feeding machine to discharge materials:

[0029] Add sediment samples to the feeder, adjust the speed of the feeder to meet the experimental needs, turn on the feeder, and allow the sediment samples to evenly fall into the experimental pipe and be washed by the water flow in the pipe;

[0030] (5) Turn on the camera to record and measure the change process of the siltation state in the pipeline:

[0031] Turn on the camera to continuously record the video graphics of the migration process of the sediment in the experimental pipe, and use image recognition technology to measure the shape, size, and thickness parameters of the sediment in the video data.

[0032] Furthermore, the specific steps of measuring the characteristics of the sediment in the pipeline in step (5) are:

[0033] (51) Extract the video recorded by the camera frame by frame in an image format;

[0034] (52) obtaining the sediment area in the extracted video image by computer image analysis technology and marking it with a uniform color;

[0035] (53) Using computer image analysis technology, the marked sediment area is identified, and its contour position and shape are determined and counted;

[0036] (54) Based on the statistically identified sediment contours, calculate the length, width, area, shape and other characteristic parameters;

[0037] (55) The obtained sediment profile characteristic data are calibrated, checked and summarized to achieve accurate measurement of the development process of pipe siltation under rough pipe wall environment.

[0038] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0039] (1) The present invention adopts a method of grinding the inner wall of the pipe to make it close to the roughness of the inner wall of the actual sewage pipe, which effectively avoids the problems of large mass, difficulty in adjusting the position and slope, and difficulty in observation caused by the similar properties of the pipe and sediment caused by using real sewage pipes (mostly made of concrete) in experiments. At the same time, it ensures that the environment inside the pipe is similar to the environment of the real sewage pipe, and avoids the problem of excessive smoothness caused by the use of plexiglass pipes in traditional equipment, resulting in large errors between experimental results and reality.

[0040] (2) The present invention adopts a new method for measuring sediment characteristics in sewage pipes. By using a half-pipe open channel as an experimental pipe for studying non-full pipe flow, a top-mounted camera is used to record the entire process of siltation changes in the pipe, and the collected video information is converted into characteristic data through image recognition technology. This method for measuring siltation characteristics solves the defect that the conventional CCTV measurement method can only record the siltation state in the pipe at a single moment, and avoids the defect that the traditional plexiglass pipe experiment can only observe the state in the pipe through the side glass and cannot be applied to the real rough pipe environment.

[0041] (3) The present invention realizes the accurate observation of the complete growth process of siltation in a simulated pipeline environment and has high research and application value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 It is a schematic top view of the overall structure of Example 1.

[0043] Figure 2 It is a front view schematic diagram of the overall structure of Example 1.

[0044] Figure 3 It is a schematic side view of the overall structure of Example 1.

[0045] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the video shooting observation area in Example 1.

[0046] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the opening and closing of the water inlet valve and the flow direction under the water storage condition in Example 2.

[0047] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of adjusting the slope of the experimental pipeline in Example 2.

[0048] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the opening and closing of the water inlet valve and the flow direction when the upstream and downstream water levels are set in Example 2.

[0049] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the opening and closing and flow direction of the system device in Example 2 when the feeding is turned on and the clogging is observed.

[0050] Fig. 9This is a flow chart of the method for starting a camera to record and measure characteristics of sediment in a pipeline in Example 2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be pointed out that the embodiments are only specific explanations of the invention and should not be regarded as limitations of the invention. The purpose of the embodiments is to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and reproduce the technical solutions of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention shall still be based on the scope defined by the claims.

[0052] Example 1, refer to the attached Figure 1-4 .

[0053] This embodiment provides a sewage pipe clogging hydrodynamic simulation measurement device, including an upstream shaft 1, a downstream pool 2, an experimental pipe 3, a return pipe 4, an inlet pipe 5, a feeder 13 and a camera;

[0054] The water inlet pipe 5 and the downstream water pool 2 are used to provide an initial water source. The upstream water shaft 1 is located at the upper end of the experimental pipe 3, and the downstream water pool 2 is located at the end outlet of the experimental pipe 3; the water inlet pipe 5 is connected to the downstream water pool 2, and the pipe mouth of the water inlet pipe 5 is also equipped with a water inlet valve 6 to control the water inlet speed.

[0055] An observation camera is provided above the experimental pipeline 3 to observe the clogging in the experimental pipeline 3 under different non-full pipe flow conditions;

[0056] There is a water level difference between the water inlet of the experimental pipeline 3 and the water outlet of the experimental pipeline 3. A slope adjustment device is provided under the experimental pipeline 3 for adjusting the slope of the experimental pipeline; the slope adjustment device includes a support frame 11 and a slope-changing jack 12. The support frame 11 is arranged under the experimental pipeline 3 for supporting the experimental pipeline 3 and assisting in adjusting the slope of the experimental pipeline 3; the slope-changing jack 12 is located under the support frame for adjusting the inclination slope of the support frame 11 and the experimental pipeline 3.

[0057] The experimental pipeline 3 is a circular semi-tube open channel with a rough inner wall. The roughness coefficient of the experimental pipeline 3 is about 0.014. A wave height meter 10 is arranged in the experimental pipeline 3 to measure the water level in the experimental pipeline 3.

[0058] The feeder 13 is arranged at the experimental pipeline 3 close to the upstream shaft 1 and is used to add sediment feed into the experimental pipeline 3;

[0059] The return pipe 4 is used to adjust the upstream and downstream water levels and realize water circulation. The return pipe 4 is connected to the upstream shaft 1 and the downstream pool 2. A flow pump 7 is installed in the return pipe 4 to transport the water in the downstream pool 2 to the upstream shaft 1. A real-time flow meter is installed in the return pipe 4 and the water inlet pipe 5. The return pipe 4 is also provided with a return valve 8 and a time flow meter to control the pumping rate of the flow pump 7 and the water flow rate in the experimental pipe 3.

[0060] The outlet of the return pipe 4 connected to the upstream shaft 1 is provided with a flow stabilizer 9, which is cross-shaped and is used to reduce the impact effect of water inflow, avoid drastic fluctuations in the water level of the upstream shaft 1, and keep the water level of the upstream shaft 1 relatively stable. A filter screen that can filter sediment is provided at the connection between the downstream pool 2 and the return pipe 4.

[0061] Example 2

[0062] This embodiment provides a method for measuring the clogging state of a sewage pipe. The method is based on the above-mentioned simulation measurement device and includes:

[0063] S1, open the water inlet valve 6 to store water in the downstream pool 2:

[0064] like Figure 5 As shown, turn off the flow pump 7 and the return valve 8 on the return pipe, open the water inlet valve 6, let the external water enter the downstream pool and store water to the elevation line, then close the water inlet valve 6;

[0065] S2, adjust the slope of experimental pipeline 3:

[0066] like Figure 6 As shown, keep the return valve 8 and the inlet valve 6 closed, adjust the slope changing device to make the experimental pipeline 3 slowly tilt from the horizontal state to the specified slope, and after confirming that the slope meets the requirements through the protractor, fix the experimental pipeline 3 and the slope changing device to keep the slope stable;

[0067] S3, connect the upstream shaft 1 and the downstream pool 2, and set the water level of the experimental pipeline 3:

[0068] like Figure 7 As shown, open the flow pump 7 and the return valve 8 to connect the upstream shaft 1 and the downstream pool 2. After water flow appears in the experimental pipeline 3 and the water level no longer changes, adjust the return valve 8 to control the upstream and downstream water level difference, and then control the water level in the experimental pipeline 3 to be stable at the water level required for the experiment, so as to ensure that the flow rate in the experimental pipeline 3 meets the experimental needs;

[0069] S4, start feeding machine 13 to discharge materials:

[0070] like Figure 8As shown, a sediment sample is added to the feeder 13, the speed of the feeder 13 is adjusted to meet the experimental needs, and the feeder 13 is turned on to allow the sediment sample to evenly fall into the experimental pipe and be washed by the water flow in the pipe;

[0071] S5, turn on the camera to record and measure the change process of the siltation state in the pipeline:

[0072] Turn on the camera to continuously record the video graphics of the migration process of the sediment in the experimental pipe, and use image recognition technology to measure the shape, size, and thickness parameters of the sediment in the video data.

[0073] like Fig. 9 As shown, the specific steps of measuring the characteristics of the sediment in the pipeline in step S5 are:

[0074] S51, extracting the video recorded by the camera frame by frame, in an image format;

[0075] S52, obtaining the area of ​​sediment in the extracted video image by computer image analysis technology, and marking it with a uniform color;

[0076] S53, identifying the marked sediment area by computer image analysis technology, determining and counting its contour position and shape;

[0077] S54, calculating characteristic parameters such as length, width, area, shape, etc. according to the statistically identified sediment contours;

[0078] S55, calibrating, checking and summarizing the obtained sediment profile characteristic data to achieve accurate measurement of the siltation development process in the pipe under the rough pipe wall environment.

[0079] The present invention is aimed at supplementing the existing technology, and innovatively combines the advantages of a full pipe flowmeter and a steady-state method to achieve accurate flow measurement of non-full flow. A wave height meter is provided in the experimental pipeline, and a flow stabilizer is also provided in the upstream shaft, which is located at the water inlet of the water inlet pipe in the upstream shaft. The downstream water pool is connected to an inlet pipe, and a valve is provided on the inlet pipe. The downstream water pool is provided with a filter baffle. The present invention is aimed at supplementing the existing technology, and provides a sewage pipe clogging hydrodynamic simulation and measurement device and method, which innovatively realizes the accurate measurement of the development process of clogging in the pipe under a rough pipe wall environment.

[0080] Although the preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, those skilled in the art may make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the present application.

[0081] It should be noted that the technical features not described in detail in the present invention can be implemented by any existing technology.

Claims

1. A sewage pipe clogging hydrodynamic simulation measurement device, characterized in that: It includes upstream shaft, downstream pool, experimental pipeline, return pipeline, inlet pipeline, feeder and camera; The water inlet pipe and the downstream water pool are used to provide an initial water source, the upstream water shaft is located at the upper end of the experimental pipe, and the downstream water pool is located at the terminal outlet of the experimental pipe; An observation camera is provided above the experimental pipeline to observe the clogging in the experimental pipeline under different non-full pipe flow conditions; A slope adjustment device is provided below the experimental pipeline to adjust the slope of the experimental pipeline; The feeder is arranged at the experimental pipeline close to the upstream shaft and is used to add sediment feed into the experimental pipeline; The return water pipe is used to adjust the upstream and downstream water levels and realize water circulation. The return water pipe is connected to the upstream shaft and the downstream pool. A flow pump is installed in the return water pipe to transport the water in the downstream pool to the upstream shaft. The water inlet pipe is connected to the downstream water pool, and the pipe mouth of the water inlet pipe is also equipped with a water inlet valve to control the water inlet speed.

2. A sewage pipe siltation hydrodynamic simulation measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The experimental pipeline is a circular half-pipe open channel with a rough inner wall.

3. A sewage pipe siltation hydrodynamic simulation measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The roughness coefficient of the experimental pipeline is about 0.

014.

4. A sewage pipe siltation hydrodynamic simulation measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The return water pipeline is also provided with a return water valve for controlling the pumping rate of the flow pump and the water flow rate in the experimental pipeline.

5. A sewage pipe siltation hydrodynamic simulation measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outlet of the return pipe connected to the upstream shaft is equipped with a flow stabilizer to reduce the impact effect of the incoming water, avoid drastic fluctuations in the water level of the upstream shaft, and keep the water level of the upstream shaft relatively stable.

6. A sewage pipe siltation hydrodynamic simulation measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A filter screen capable of filtering sediment is provided at the connection between the downstream water pool and the return water pipe.

7. A sewage pipe clogging hydrodynamic simulation measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A wave height meter is arranged in the experimental pipeline to measure the water level in the experimental pipeline.

8. The sewage pipe clogging hydrodynamic simulation measuring device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The slope adjustment device includes a support frame and a slope-changing jack. The support frame is arranged below the experimental pipeline to support the experimental pipeline and assist in adjusting the slope of the experimental pipeline; the slope-changing jack is located below the support frame to adjust the inclination slope of the support frame and the experimental pipeline.

9. A method for measuring the clogging state of a sewage pipe, characterized in that: The measuring method is based on the analog measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and the measuring method comprises: (1) Open the water inlet valve to store water in the downstream pool: Close the flow pump and return valve on the return pipe, open the water inlet valve, allow external water to enter the downstream pool and store water to the elevation line, then close the water inlet valve; (2) Adjust the slope of the experimental pipeline: Keep the return valve and the inlet valve closed, adjust the slope changing device to make the experimental pipeline slowly tilt from the horizontal state to the specified slope, and after confirming that the slope meets the requirements through the protractor, fix the experimental pipeline and the slope changing device to keep the slope stable; (3) Connect the upstream shaft and the downstream pool and set the water level in the experimental pipeline: Open the flow pump and the return valve to connect the upstream shaft and the downstream pool. After water flow appears in the experimental pipeline and the water level no longer changes, adjust the return valve to control the upstream and downstream water level difference, and then control the water level in the experimental pipeline to stabilize at the required water level of the experiment, so as to ensure that the flow rate in the experimental pipeline meets the experimental needs; (4) Start feeding machine to discharge materials: Add sediment samples to the feeder, adjust the speed of the feeder to meet the experimental needs, turn on the feeder, and allow the sediment samples to evenly fall into the experimental pipe and be washed by the water flow in the pipe; (5) Turn on the camera to record and measure the change process of the siltation state in the pipeline: Turn on the camera to continuously record the video graphics of the migration process of the sediment in the experimental pipe, and use image recognition technology to measure the shape, size, and thickness parameters of the sediment in the video data.

10. A method for measuring the clogging state of a sewage pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of measuring the characteristics of the sediment in the pipeline in step (5) are: (51) Extract the video recorded by the camera frame by frame in an image format; (52) obtaining the sediment area in the extracted video image by computer image analysis technology and marking it with a uniform color; (53) Using computer image analysis technology, the marked sediment area is identified, and its contour position and shape are determined and counted; (54) Based on the statistically identified sediment contours, calculate the length, width, area, shape and other characteristic parameters; (55) The obtained sediment profile characteristic data are calibrated, checked and summarized to achieve accurate measurement of the development process of pipe siltation under rough pipe wall environment.

Images