Reciprocating type soft material friction wear testing machine

Abstract

The invention discloses a reciprocating type soft material friction wear testing machine in the technical field of friction wear measurement. The reciprocating type soft material friction wear testing machine comprises a workbench; a clamping assembly, a loading assembly and a moving assembly are arranged on the workbench; the clamping assembly is used for fixing a sample; the clamping assembly comprises a base; a sliding groove is formed in the base; a moving block is in sliding fit in the chute; a plurality of negative pressure grooves are formed in the moving block and the base in an array manner; the negative pressure grooves communicate with negative pressure assemblies. The negative pressure assembly is used for providing negative pressure for the negative pressure groove through kinetic energy generated when the base moves. The loading assembly is used for applying a load on the sample; the moving assembly is used for reciprocating the base. According to the scheme, the stress concentration phenomenon can be reduced, the frictional wear behavior of the material under the normal use condition can be reflected more truly, and the accuracy of the experimental result is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of friction and wear measurement, in particular to a reciprocating soft material friction and wear testing machine. Background Art

[0002] In the field of materials science, friction and wear testing machines are one of the key devices for evaluating the wear resistance of materials, and are of great significance for promoting material research and development, optimizing product design, and improving product durability. With the advancement of science and technology and the increase in industrialization needs, especially for the increasingly widespread application of soft materials (such as rubber, plastics, biomedical materials, etc.), the study of their friction and wear properties has become particularly urgent.

[0003] Because soft materials are soft and elastic, traditional clamping methods often make it difficult to ensure that the sample is stably fixed during the experiment. Such materials are prone to deformation or even slipping when subjected to clamping force, which not only affects the accuracy of the experiment, but may also cause the experiment to fail due to the instability of the sample. The problem of unstable clamping limits the reliability of experimental data and makes it difficult for researchers to accurately evaluate the friction and wear characteristics of soft materials.

[0004] During the clamping process, a certain amount of pressure is often required to keep the position of the sample stable. However, for soft materials, this additional stress may cause stress concentration in the clamping area, accelerating the wear process in this area, and thus failing to truly reflect the friction and wear behavior of the material under normal use conditions. In addition, stress concentration may also cause changes in the internal structure of the material, affecting the validity of the experimental results and making it difficult for researchers to accurately judge the true performance of the material.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a device that can effectively solve the problem of soft material clamping stability while avoiding the negative impact of clamping stress on material properties. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a reciprocating soft material friction and wear testing machine, which can overcome the shortcomings in soft material testing and improve the accuracy and reliability of experimental results.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A reciprocating soft material friction and wear testing machine comprises a workbench; a clamping assembly, a loading assembly and a moving assembly are arranged on the workbench; the clamping assembly is used to fix the sample; the clamping assembly comprises a base, a slide groove is arranged on the base, a moving block is slidably matched in the slide groove, a plurality of negative pressure grooves are arranged in an array on the moving block and the base, and the negative pressure grooves are all connected to the negative pressure assembly; the negative pressure assembly is used to provide negative pressure for the negative pressure groove by using the kinetic energy of the base when it moves; the loading assembly is used to apply a load on the sample; and the moving assembly is used to reciprocate the base.

[0008] The above scheme has the following beneficial effects: 1. This solution achieves stable clamping of soft material samples by designing a clamping assembly including a slide, a moving block, and a negative pressure groove. The cooperation between the negative pressure groove and the negative pressure assembly can use the kinetic energy of the base when it moves to provide negative pressure for the negative pressure groove, thereby effectively adsorbing and fixing the sample, avoiding inaccurate or failed experiments caused by deformation or slipping of the sample. This design significantly improves the stability of the clamping and ensures the reliability of the experimental data.

[0009] 2. Compared with existing technologies, traditional clamping methods often require greater pressure on the sample to keep it stable, but this may cause stress concentration for soft materials and accelerate the wear process. This solution fixes the sample by negative pressure adsorption, avoiding additional stress and thus reducing the occurrence of stress concentration. This helps to more realistically reflect the friction and wear behavior of the material under normal use conditions and improves the accuracy of the experimental results.

[0010] Due to the effective solution of clamping stability and stress concentration problems, this solution can more accurately evaluate the friction and wear performance of soft materials. During the experiment, the position of the sample (soft material) is stable, and the wear condition can be truly reflected. Researchers can conduct in-depth research and analysis on the material based on reliable experimental data, providing strong support for material research and development, product design and durability improvement.

[0011] Furthermore, the negative pressure component includes a plurality of first pistons; the first pistons are respectively slidably matched with the negative pressure grooves; the negative pressure grooves on the moving block and the negative pressure grooves on the base are connected with a main channel; a functional cavity is also provided in the base; the main channels are connected with the functional cavity; a first one-way valve is provided at the connection between the main channel and the functional cavity; an exhaust channel is connected to one side of the functional cavity; a second one-way valve is provided in the exhaust channel; a driven groove is connected to the bottom of the functional cavity; a second piston is slidably matched in the functional cavity; a connecting rod is provided at the bottom of the second piston; an eccentric cam is rotatably matched in the driven groove; a limiting groove is provided on the contour of the eccentric cam; a ball head is slidably matched in the limiting groove; the ball head is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting rod; a driven gear is axially provided with the eccentric wheel; the driven gear is meshed with a transmission assembly, and the transmission assembly is used to convert the linear reciprocating movement of the base into rotation of the driven gear.

[0012] Beneficial effect: the driven gear is driven to rotate through the transmission assembly, the driven gear rotation drives the eccentric cam to rotate, the eccentric cam rotation drives the ball head to move up and down reciprocatingly, and then drives the connecting rod to move up and down reciprocatingly, the connecting rod pushes the second piston to move reciprocatingly, when the second piston moves downward, negative pressure is generated in the functional chamber, and the air in the main channel is sucked into the functional chamber through the first one-way valve, when the second piston moves upward, positive pressure is generated in the functional chamber, and the air in the functional chamber is pushed into the exhaust channel through the second one-way valve, and this is repeated, so that the air in the main channel and the negative pressure groove is continuously extracted, so that the first piston continuously moves to the end away from the sample, so that a vacuum is generated between the first piston and the side of the sample, thereby adsorbing and fixing the sample.

[0013] The linear reciprocating movement of the base is converted into the rotation of the driven gear through the transmission assembly, which in turn drives the eccentric cam to rotate. The contour design of the eccentric cam and the ball head and connecting rod structure that match it ensure the reciprocating movement of the second piston in the functional chamber. This mechanism not only efficiently converts the kinetic energy of the base into the power generated by the negative pressure, but also realizes the continuous extraction of air in the negative pressure tank and the stable maintenance of the negative pressure through precise matching and the control of the one-way valve. This design allows the sample to be firmly adsorbed on the clamping assembly and maintain a stable clamping state even during high-speed reciprocating experiments.

[0014] Furthermore, the transmission assembly includes a cylinder; an active groove is also provided in the base; the active groove is respectively connected to the driven groove and the slide rail; both ends of the cylinder are rotatably connected to the active groove, spiral grooves are symmetrically provided on the cylinder, the spiral grooves are staggered and connected to each other, a driving gear is axially provided on the cylinder, and the driving gear is meshed with the driven gear; a slide rail is also provided on the workbench, and a sliding column is also provided in the slide rail, and the top of the sliding column is slidably matched with the spiral groove.

[0015] Beneficial effect: When the base reciprocates along the slide rail, the slide column will slide relative to the spiral groove, thereby driving the cylinder to rotate, the rotation of the cylinder drives the driving gear to rotate, the driving gear drives the driven gear to rotate, and then the linear reciprocating movement of the base is converted into the rotation of the driven gear.

[0016] When the base moves linearly back and forth along the slide rail, the slide column and the spiral groove on the cylinder slide relative to each other. This design cleverly utilizes the kinetic energy of the base's movement, and drives the cylinder to rotate through the interaction between the slide column and the spiral groove. The rotation of the cylinder is then transmitted to the driven gear through the active gear, achieving efficient conversion from linear motion to rotational motion. This energy conversion mechanism not only improves the operating efficiency of the entire system, but also ensures that the negative pressure component can continuously and stably generate the required negative pressure.

[0017] Furthermore, the loading assembly includes a supporting carrier and a grinding head column; the grinding head column penetrates the supporting carrier, and the grinding head column and the supporting carrier are slidably matched; a lifting gear is arranged in the supporting carrier; a rack is arranged on one side of the grinding head column; the rack is meshed with the lifting gear; a driving member is arranged axially on the lifting gear; the driving member is used to drive the lifting gear to rotate.

[0018] Beneficial effects: The lifting gear is driven by the driving member to rotate, and the meshing relationship between the lifting gear and the rack enables the grinding head column to perform precise lifting and lowering movements in the support carrier. This design allows researchers to apply precise loads to the grinding head column according to experimental requirements, thereby achieving accurate evaluation of the friction and wear properties of the sample. Precise loading control helps to improve the accuracy and reliability of experimental results.

[0019] Furthermore, the moving component includes a servo motor, a lead screw and a nut seat; the servo motor is used to drive the lead screw to rotate, one end of the lead screw is rotationally matched with the slide rail, and the other end is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the servo motor; the lead screw is threadedly matched with the nut seat, and the nut seat is fixedly connected to the bottom of the base.

[0020] Beneficial effects: The servo motor, with its high precision and high response speed, ensures precise control of the screw rotation. By adjusting the pulse signal of the servo motor, the screw rotation angle and speed can be fine-tuned, thereby accurately controlling the displacement and speed of the nut seat (i.e., the base). This high-precision motion control helps to improve the relative motion accuracy between the sample and the grinding head during the experiment, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the experimental results.

[0021] Furthermore, one side of the main channel is connected to a reset channel, and a safety valve is arranged in the reset channel.

[0022] Beneficial effects: After the experiment, in order to remove the sample, it is usually necessary to release the sample. By opening the safety valve, the air pressure in the main channel can quickly restore the balance, so that the sample can be easily removed from the experimental device. This design greatly simplifies the sample handling process after the experiment and improves the convenience of the experiment.

[0023] In addition, the introduction of the safety valve provides an effective negative pressure protection mechanism for the test machine. When the negative pressure in the main channel rises abnormally and reaches the preset safety threshold, the safety valve will automatically open to allow outside air to enter the main channel, thereby quickly reducing the negative pressure level. This design effectively prevents safety accidents caused by excessive negative pressure, such as structural damage or component shedding, and ensures the safe operation of the test machine.

[0024] Furthermore, capacitor plates are respectively provided on the first piston and in the negative pressure groove; the capacitor plates are electrically connected to the control module; the control module is used to determine the negative pressure in the negative pressure groove based on the information collected by the capacitor plates, and control the operation of the safety valve.

[0025] Beneficial effect: The distance between the capacitor plates can reflect the negative pressure in the negative pressure tank. By collecting the charge change information on the capacitor plates, the control module can accurately calculate the negative pressure in the negative pressure tank. This real-time monitoring and precise control capability enables the experimental machine to respond to negative pressure changes more accurately, ensuring the stability and safety of the experimental process.

[0026] Combining the control module and the safety valve, the design builds an intelligent negative pressure protection mechanism. When the negative pressure in the negative pressure tank exceeds the preset safety threshold, the control module can quickly identify and control the safety valve to open, releasing the excess negative pressure, thereby preventing equipment damage or safety accidents caused by excessive negative pressure. This intelligent protection mechanism improves the self-protection ability of the experimental machine and reduces experimental risks.

[0027] Furthermore, it also includes an early warning module; the early warning module is used to send an early warning signal; the control module is also used to judge the flatness of the side of the sample based on the information collected by each capacitor plate, adjust the trigger threshold of the safety valve based on the flatness, and control the operation of the early warning module.

[0028] Beneficial effect: When the side of the sample is not flat, some negative pressure slots may not fit tightly with the side of the sample, resulting in unstable adsorption. Through the information collected by each capacitor plate, the control module can determine the flatness of the side of the sample and adjust the negative pressure in other negative pressure slots accordingly to ensure the stability and uniformity of the overall adsorption. This ability to intelligently adjust the negative pressure enables the experimental machine to better adapt to samples of different shapes and side qualities, improving the adaptability and flexibility of the experiment.

[0029] Furthermore, limit blocks are provided in the negative pressure tanks.

[0030] Beneficial effect: When the side of the sample is uneven, the slider in the negative pressure tank may move abnormally due to uneven adsorption. The setting of the limit block can effectively prevent the slider from moving excessively inward, thereby avoiding direct contact or collision between the slider and the capacitor plate, protecting the integrity and normal operation of the capacitor plate. This is essential for maintaining accurate measurement and stable control of the experimental machine.

[0031] Furthermore, the control module determines whether the side of the sample is flat based on whether the distance between the capacitor plates in all negative pressure tanks is the same; if the distance between all capacitor plates is the same, the side of the sample is judged to be flat; if the distance between the capacitor plates is lower than a preset value, the side of the sample is judged to be uneven.

[0032] Beneficial effect: This design enables the test machine to better adapt to samples of different shapes and surface qualities. Whether the sample surface is flat or has slight undulations, the control module can accurately judge and make corresponding adjustments to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the experimental results. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 The three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a reciprocating soft material friction and wear testing machine of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the middle slide rail.

[0035] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the middle base.

[0036] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the middle cylinder.

[0037] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Side view of.

[0038] Figure 6 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the middle grinding head column.

[0039] Figure 7 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the eccentric cam.

[0040] The reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: 1, workbench; 2, support carrier; 3, grinding head column; 4, slide rail; 5, base; 6, servo motor; 201, lifting gear; 301, rack; 401, lead screw; 402, nut seat; 403, slide column; 501, moving block; 502, slide groove; 503, cavity; 504, air pipe; 505, negative pressure groove; 5051, reset channel; 5052, safety valve; 506, the first A piston; 507, a main channel; 508, a functional chamber; 509, a first one-way valve; 510, a second one-way valve; 511, an exhaust channel; 512, a driven groove; 513, a driven gear; 514, an eccentric cam; 5141, a limiting groove; 515, a second piston; 516, a connecting rod; 5161, a ball head; 517, a cylinder; 5171, a spiral groove; 518, a driving gear; 519, a capacitor plate; 520, a limiting block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0042] In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms “longitudinal”, “lateral”, “vertical”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside” and “outside” etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0043] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified and limited, it should be noted that the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, or it can be the internal connection between two components. It can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0044] The following is further described in detail through specific implementation methods: Embodiment 1 is basically as attached Figure 1-Figure 7 As shown: a reciprocating soft material friction and wear testing machine mainly comprises a workbench 1; a clamping assembly, a loading assembly and a moving assembly are arranged on the top of the workbench 1.

[0045] The clamping assembly is used to fix the sample (mainly a soft material sample); specifically, the clamping assembly includes a base 5, as shown in the attached Figure 3 As shown, the front view of the base 5 in this embodiment is in the shape of "┛"; a slide groove 502 is provided on the top of the base 5; a moving block 501 is slidably matched in the slide groove 502, and in this embodiment, the sample is fixed between the moving block 501 and the base 5; a plurality of negative pressure grooves 505 are provided in an array on the moving block 501 and the base 5. Specifically, in combination with the attached Figure 2 and attached Figure 3 As shown, a plurality of negative pressure grooves 505 are provided on the right side of the moving block 501 , and a plurality of negative pressure grooves 505 are provided on the left side of the base 5 ; the negative pressure grooves 505 are all connected to the negative pressure components.

[0046] Specifically, in the present embodiment, the negative pressure assembly includes a plurality of first pistons 506; the first pistons 506 are respectively slidably matched with the negative pressure grooves 505; the negative pressure grooves 505 on the moving block 501 and the negative pressure grooves 505 on the base 5 are both connected with the main channel 507. Specifically, the negative pressure grooves 505 and the main channel 507 on the moving block 501 are distributed in a mirror-symmetrical manner with the negative pressure grooves 505 and the main channel 507 on the base 5. In the present embodiment, a cavity 503 is also provided in the base 5, and an air pipe 504 is placed in the cavity 503. The air pipe 504 is used to connect the main channel 507 on the moving block 501 with the main channel 507 on the base 5. The cavity 503 is located at the bottom of the slide groove 502, and the cavity 503 is connected to the slide groove 502, so that the moving block 501 can be connected with the main channel 507 on the base 5 at any position in the slide groove 502. A functional cavity 508 is also provided in the base 5; the main channels 507 are all connected to the functional cavity 508, that is, the structure formed by the two main channels 507 and the functional cavity 508 is in a "┫" shape.

[0047] In this embodiment, the right side of the main channel 507 is connected to a reset channel 5051; a safety valve 5052 is screwed into the reset channel 5051. In this embodiment, the model of the safety valve 5052 is A72W-10P / R vacuum negative pressure safety valve.

[0048] A first one-way valve 509 is welded and fixed at the connection between the main channel 507 and the functional chamber 508. The first one-way valve 509 is used to achieve one-way flow from the main channel 507 to the functional chamber 508. Figure 3 As shown, the right side of the functional chamber 508 is connected to an exhaust channel 511; a second one-way valve 510 is welded and fixed in the exhaust channel 511. In this embodiment, the second one-way valve 510 is used to achieve one-way flow from the functional chamber 508 to the exhaust channel 511; the bottom of the functional chamber 508 is connected to a driven groove 512; a second piston 515 is also slidably matched in the functional chamber 508; a connecting rod 516 is welded and fixed at the bottom of the second piston 515. An eccentric cam 514 is rotatably matched in the driven groove 512; as shown in the attached Figure 7 As shown, a limiting groove 5141 is provided on the profile of the eccentric cam 514; a ball head 5161 is slidably fitted in the limiting groove 5141; the ball head 5161 is welded and fixed to the bottom of the connecting rod 516; a driven gear 513 is axially welded and fixed to the eccentric rotating wheel; and a transmission assembly is meshed with the driven gear 513.

[0049] Specifically, combined with Figure 3 , Attachment Figure 4 and attached Figure 5As shown, the transmission assembly in this embodiment includes a cylinder 517; an active groove is also provided in the base 5; the right side of the active groove is connected to the driven groove 512, and the bottom of the active groove is connected to the slide rail 4; both ends of the cylinder 517 are rotatably connected to the active groove; spiral grooves 5171 are symmetrically provided on the cylinder 517; the spiral grooves 5171 are staggered and connected to each other; a driving gear 518 is axially welded and fixed on the cylinder 517; the driving gear 518 is meshed with the driven gear 513; a slide rail 4 is provided on the workbench 1; a slide column 403 is also provided in the slide rail 4, and the bottom of the slide column 403 is welded and fixed to the bottom of the slide rail 4; the top of the slide column 403 is slidably matched with the spiral groove 5171.

[0050] The loading assembly is used to apply load on the sample.

[0051] Specifically, combined with Figure 1 and attached Figure 7 As shown, the loading assembly in this embodiment includes a supporting carrier 2 and a grinding head column 3; the grinding head column 3 penetrates the supporting carrier 2, and the grinding head column 3 and the supporting carrier 2 are slidably matched; a lifting gear 201 is arranged in the supporting carrier 2 (in this embodiment, the lifting gear 201 includes a groove allowing the lifting gear 201 to rotate, which is opened in the supporting carrier 2); a rack 301 is welded and fixed on the right side of the grinding head column 3; the rack 301 is meshed with the lifting gear 201; a driving member is axially arranged on the lifting gear 201; the driving member is used to drive the lifting gear 201 to rotate, and in this embodiment, the driving member is a stepping motor, and the output shaft of the stepping motor is axially welded and fixed to the lifting gear 201.

[0052] The moving assembly is used to reciprocate the base 5 .

[0053] Specifically, as attached Figure 2 As shown, the moving assembly of this embodiment includes a servo motor 6, a lead screw 401 and a nut seat 402; the output shaft of the servo motor 6 is axially welded and fixed to the lead screw 401, and the servo motor 6 is installed on the left side of the slide rail 4; the right end of the lead screw 401 is rotationally matched with the slide rail 4, and the other end is coaxially welded and fixed with the output shaft of the servo motor 6; the lead screw 401 is threadedly matched with the nut seat 402; the nut seat 402 is welded and fixed to the bottom of the base 5.

[0054] The specific implementation process is as follows: In this embodiment, the sample is a rubber block as an example.

[0055] First, place the rubber block between the moving block 501 and the base 5, slide the moving block 501 so that the moving block 501, the rubber block and the base 5 are closely fitted to each other, and then start the servo motor 6. The servo motor 6 drives the base 5 to reciprocate along the slide rail 4. During the movement of the base 5, the slide column 403 will move along the spiral groove 5171, thereby driving the cylinder 517 to rotate. The rotation of the cylinder 517 drives the driving gear 518 to rotate. The rotation of the driving gear 518 drives the driven gear 513 to rotate. The rotation of the driven gear 513 drives the eccentric cam 514 to rotate. The rotation of the eccentric cam 514 drives the ball head 5161 and the connecting rod 516 to reciprocate up and down, thereby driving the second piston 515 to operate.

[0056] When the second piston 515 moves downward, the volume in the functional chamber 508 increases, and the air pressure decreases, thereby sucking the air in the main channel 507 into the functional chamber 508. When the second piston 515 moves upward, the volume in the functional chamber 508 decreases, and the air pressure increases, thereby discharging the air in the main channel 507 into the exhaust channel 511 through the second one-way valve 510, and finally continuously discharging the air to the outside through the exhaust channel 511. At this time, negative pressure is generated in the main channel 507, and acts on the first piston 506, so that the first piston 506 is away from the sample, thereby continuously increasing the space volume between the first piston 506 and the side of the sample, thereby generating negative pressure in the negative pressure groove 505 to fix the sample.

[0057] As the base 5 continues to move back and forth, the negative pressure in the negative pressure tank 505 will continue to increase (when the negative pressure exceeds a threshold, the safety valve 5052 will automatically start to maintain the negative pressure within a fixed range) until the sample is firmly fixed on the base 5.

[0058] At this time, the servo motor 6 is stopped, and the experimenter restarts the stepper motor. The output shaft of the stepper motor drives the lifting gear 201 to rotate, and the lifting gear 201 rotates to drive the rack 301 to move, thereby moving the grinding head column 3 downward, applying a load to the top of the sample, and making the bottom of the grinding head column 3 contact the top of the sample. Then, the servo motor 6 is started again to conduct the friction and wear experiment of the rubber block.

[0059] Embodiment 2 is different from the above-mentioned embodiment 1 in that a capacitor plate 519 is respectively provided on the first piston 506 and in the negative pressure groove 505. Specifically, for the negative pressure groove 505 and the first piston 506 on the moving block 501, the capacitor plate 519 is respectively bonded and fixed to the left side of the first piston 506 and the left end of the negative pressure groove 505. For the negative pressure groove 505 and the first piston 506 on the base 5, the capacitor plate 519 is respectively bonded and fixed to the right side of the first piston 506 and the right end of the negative pressure groove 505; the capacitor plates 519 are electrically connected to a control module, and in this embodiment, the capacitor plates 519 are electrically connected to the same control module; the control module is used to determine the negative pressure size in the negative pressure groove 505 based on the information collected by the capacitor plate 519, and control the operation of the safety valve 5052. The safety valve 5052 in this embodiment is an electrically controlled valve.

[0060] In order to limit the moving range of the first piston 506, a limiting block 520 is welded and fixed in the negative pressure groove 505. Specifically, for the negative pressure groove 505 on the moving block 501, the limiting block 520 is located at the top of the left end of the negative pressure groove 505; for the negative pressure groove 505 on the base 5, the limiting block 520 is located at the top of the right end of the negative pressure groove 505.

[0061] It also includes an early warning module; the early warning module is used to send an early warning signal. In this embodiment, the early warning module is a warning light and the early warning signal is a light; the control module is also used to determine the flatness of the side of the sample based on the information collected by each capacitor plate 519, adjust the trigger threshold of the safety valve 5052 based on the flatness, and control the operation of the early warning module.

[0062] Specifically, the control module determines whether the side of the sample is flat based on whether the distances between the capacitor plates 519 in all negative pressure grooves 505 are the same; if the distances between all capacitor plates 519 are the same, the side of the sample is judged to be flat; if the distance between the capacitor plates 519 is lower than a preset value, the side of the sample is judged to be uneven.

[0063] The specific implementation process is as follows: Assuming that the side of the sample is flat: when the first piston 506 moves under the negative pressure in the main through groove, the distance between the capacitor plates 519 in the same negative pressure groove 505 will change. Since the main channels 507 are interconnected, the negative pressure in each negative pressure groove 505 will be the same. At this time, the moving distance of the first piston 506 will also be the same, that is, the spacing between the capacitor plates 519 is the same. The control module calculates the spacing between the capacitor plates 519 based on the charge change between the capacitor plates 519. The larger the spacing, the smaller the negative pressure, and the smaller the spacing, the greater the negative pressure. When the negative pressure is too large, the control module controls the safety valve 5052 to open, allowing outside air to enter the main channel 507, thereby quickly reducing the negative pressure level.

[0064] Assume that the side of the sample is not flat: some negative pressure grooves 505 cannot fit closely with the side of the sample, resulting in unstable adsorption. Through the information collected by each capacitor plate 519, the control module can determine the flatness of the side of the sample. If the adsorption is unstable, the first piston 506 in the negative pressure groove 505 at this location will move abnormally away from the sample. For example, the negative pressure groove 505 on the base 5 is unstable in adsorption. At this time, the first piston 506 will move abnormally to the right. The control module determines whether the side of the sample is flat by comparing the spacing between each capacitor plate 519, and increases the trigger threshold of the safety valve 5052. For example, the trigger threshold of the safety valve 5052 is A. Since some negative pressure grooves 505 are unstable in adsorption, at this time, the pressure needs to reach B to firmly adsorb the sample (A < B). During the reciprocating movement of the base 5, the negative pressure continues to increase. The trigger threshold of the safety valve 5052 represents the maximum negative pressure value in each negative pressure groove 505. When this negative pressure value is exceeded, the control module will control the safety valve 5052 to open to reduce the negative pressure. Therefore, if the adsorption of some negative pressure grooves 505 is unstable, the control module will change from starting the safety valve 5052 when the initial negative pressure value reaches A to starting the safety valve 5052 when the negative pressure value reaches B. At the same time, the control module starts the warning module to issue a light warning to indicate that the side of the sample is not flat, so that the experimenter can take corresponding measures.

[0065] The above is only an embodiment of the present invention, and the common knowledge such as the known specific structure and / or characteristics in the scheme is not described in detail here. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, several deformations and improvements can be made without departing from the structure of the present invention, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection required by this application shall be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation methods and other records in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A reciprocating soft material friction and wear testing machine, comprising a workbench (1), on which a clamping assembly, a loading assembly and a moving assembly are arranged, wherein the clamping assembly is used to fix a sample; characterized in that: The clamping assembly comprises a base (5); a slide groove (502) is arranged on the base (5), a moving block (501) is slidably matched in the slide groove (502), a plurality of negative pressure grooves (505) are arranged in an array on the moving block (501) and the base (5), and the negative pressure grooves (505) are all connected to a negative pressure assembly; the negative pressure assembly is used to use the kinetic energy of the base (5) when it moves to provide negative pressure for the negative pressure grooves (505); the loading assembly is used to apply a load on the sample; and the moving assembly is used to reciprocate the base (5).

2. The reciprocating soft material friction and wear testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The negative pressure assembly comprises a plurality of first pistons (506), each of which is slidably matched with a negative pressure groove (505); the negative pressure groove (505) on the moving block (501) and the negative pressure groove (505) on the base (5) are both connected to a main channel (507); a functional cavity (508) is further provided in the base (5), the main channels (507) are connected to the functional cavity (508), a first non-return valve (509) is provided at the connection between the main channel (507) and the functional cavity (508), one side of the functional cavity (508) is connected to an exhaust channel (511), a second non-return valve (510) is provided in the exhaust channel (511), and the bottom of the functional cavity (508) is connected to a first non-return valve (509). A driven groove (512) is provided, a second piston (515) is slidably engaged in the functional cavity (508), a connecting rod (516) is arranged at the bottom of the second piston (515), an eccentric cam (514) is rotatably engaged in the driven groove (512), a limiting groove (5141) is arranged on the profile of the eccentric cam (514), a ball head (5161) is slidably engaged in the limiting groove (5141), the ball head (5161) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting rod (516), and a driven gear (513) is axially arranged on the eccentric rotating wheel; the driven gear (513) is meshed with a transmission assembly, and the transmission assembly is used to convert the linear reciprocating movement of the base (5) into the rotation of the driven gear (513).

3. The reciprocating soft material friction and wear testing machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The transmission assembly comprises a cylinder (517); a driving groove is further arranged in the base (5); the driving groove is respectively connected to the driven groove (512) and the slide rail (4); both ends of the cylinder (517) are rotatably connected to the driving groove; spiral grooves (5171) are symmetrically arranged on the cylinder (517); the spiral grooves (5171) are interlaced and connected to each other; a driving gear (518) is axially arranged on the cylinder (517); the driving gear (518) is meshed with the driven gear (513); the workbench (1) is further provided with a slide rail (4); a slide column (403) is further arranged in the slide rail (4); the top of the slide column (403 is slidably matched with the spiral groove (5171).

4. The reciprocating soft material friction and wear testing machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The loading assembly comprises a support carrier (2) and a grinding head column (3); the grinding head column (3) penetrates the support carrier (2), and the grinding head column (3) and the support carrier (2) are slidably matched; a lifting gear (201) is arranged in the support carrier (2); a rack (301) is arranged on one side of the grinding head column (3); the rack (301) is meshed with the lifting gear (201); a driving member is axially arranged on the lifting gear (201); and the driving member is used to drive the lifting gear (201) to rotate.

5. The reciprocating soft material friction and wear testing machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The moving assembly comprises a servo motor (6), a lead screw (401) and a nut seat (402); the servo motor (6) is used to drive the lead screw (401) to rotate; one end of the lead screw (401) is rotationally matched with the slide rail (4), and the other end is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the servo motor (6); the lead screw (401) is threadedly matched with the nut seat (402), and the nut seat (402) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the base (5).

6. The reciprocating soft material friction and wear testing machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: One side of the main channel (507) is connected to a reset channel (5051), and a safety valve (5052) is provided in the reset channel (5051).

7. The reciprocating soft material friction and wear testing machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: Capacitor plates (519) are respectively arranged on the first piston (506) and in the negative pressure groove (505); the capacitor plates (519) are electrically connected to a control module; the control module is used to determine the negative pressure in the negative pressure groove (505) based on information collected by the capacitor plates (519) and control the operation of the safety valve (5052).

8. The reciprocating soft material friction and wear testing machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes an early warning module; the early warning module is used to send an early warning signal; the control module is also used to determine the flatness of the side of the sample based on the information collected by each capacitor plate (519), adjust the trigger threshold of the safety valve (5052) based on the flatness, and control the operation of the early warning module.

9. The reciprocating soft material friction and wear testing machine according to claim 8, characterized in that: Limiting blocks (520) are provided in the negative pressure grooves (505).

10. The reciprocating soft material friction and wear testing machine according to claim 9, characterized in that: The control module determines whether the side of the sample is flat based on whether the distances between the capacitor plates (519) in all negative pressure grooves (505) are the same; if the distances between all capacitor plates (519) are the same, the side of the sample is determined to be flat; if the distance between any capacitor plates (519) is lower than a preset value, the side of the sample is determined to be uneven.

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