Simulation method and device for overheating treatment of metal melt

Abstract

The invention provides a simulation method and device for overheating treatment of a metal melt, and the method comprises the following steps: S1, constructing a simulation device for simulating melting and solidification of the metal melt according to a similarity principle, and adding a heat transfer medium, a solute and a solvent into the simulation device; s2, heating the heat transfer medium in the simulation device to 1-1.1 times of the complete dissolution temperature Tm of the solute; s3, the solution obtained in the step S2 is cooled to be 0.95-1.05 times of the solidification temperature Ts of the solution; s4, heating the mixture obtained in the step S3 to be more than 1.1 times of the complete dissolution temperature Tm of the solute, enabling the solute to be completely dissolved, obtaining the real-time conductivity and viscosity value in the model, and controlling a camera to carry out image capture according to the change of the conductivity so as to obtain the size and the dissolution rate of a crystal substance; and S5, by counting the data obtained in the step S4, a mathematical model of temperature, viscosity and conductivity is established, meanwhile, the overheating behavior of the simulated metal melt is obtained in combination with the solute change state shot by the camera, and the heating parameters of the metal melt are obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of metal melt simulation, and in particular relates to a simulation method and device for metal melt overheating treatment. Background Art

[0002] High-temperature smelting is an important method for large-scale production of high-quality metal products. For metals that generally undergo liquid-solid phase transitions, the state of the metal in the liquid phase will have a great influence on the subsequent solidification process and solidification structure of the metal. Melt superheat treatment technology is a technology that uses high temperature to treat the alloy liquid structure, pre-crystallization state, and solidification process to improve the metal's organization, performance, and quality. Therefore, studying the influence of superheat treatment behavior on metal organization and performance has very important practical significance and application value.

[0003] In recent years, more and more research has been conducted on melt superheating, and the meaning of melt superheating has also undergone new changes. Continuing to heat the alloy liquid to a certain temperature above the liquidus line of the alloy during alloy smelting can improve the melt structure of the alloy and retain the structure of the alloy melt in the final solid alloy, thereby achieving the purpose of improving metallurgical quality and enhancing the comprehensive performance of the alloy. According to different changing factors, melt superheating treatment is usually divided into the following four categories: (1) Simple superheating method: It is easy to control the overheating temperature and time to change the melting parameters. The method is to simply heat the melt to a temperature above the liquidus line. (2) Cyclic superheating method: The factor that needs to be controlled is T in the set temperature range. max and T min And the overheating time. After determining the temperature range, the temperature is raised cyclically within these temperature ranges. This is the cyclic heating method. (3) Thermal speed treatment method: In addition to controlling the overheating time and overheating temperature, this method also controls the cooling rate. The alloy is heated to about 300°C above the liquidus, and then solidified at a determined cooling rate. (4) Mixed melt method: Fusion of two alloy liquids with different temperatures so that the resulting melt temperature is between the highest temperature and the lowest temperature. In addition to mainly adjusting the temperatures of the two alloy liquids, this method also controls the time the two melts are left to stand after fusion.

[0004] Most existing studies use high-temperature experimental simulation or numerical simulation methods to model the melt overheating phenomenon; in actual production, the effect of melt overheating treatment can also be evaluated by observing the metal microstructure and measuring specific properties. However, the existing technical solutions cannot detect the dynamic changes of important parameters such as microstructure, conductivity / heat and viscosity in real time and at the same time during high temperature, so they can only be tested separately and independently, with poor synergy; its technical barriers are that the detection equipment cannot work at the same time due to the influence of thermal disturbance, thermal effect and element volatilization at high temperature, and the high-temperature containers and materials required for detection are difficult to obtain, which makes it difficult to meet the needs of multiple detection methods. Therefore, it is impossible to detect the dynamic changes of microstructure, conductivity / heat and viscosity in real time and at the same time, and observe the changes in grains and organization during overheating treatment; therefore, corresponding research is urgently needed to obtain research data that is closer to actual production and establish a more reliable overheating treatment model, so as to provide guidance for optimizing the overheating process and improving metal properties in actual production. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a simulation method and device for superheat treatment of molten metal, which aims to improve the authenticity and accuracy of the simulation of superheat treatment of molten metal, more realistically reflect the relationship between temperature parameters, melt viscosity, conductivity and crystallization changes during the superheat treatment of molten metal, and can effectively guide the actual industrial production to obtain ideal metal structure and performance by regulating temperature parameters.

[0006] As one aspect of the present invention, a method for simulating superheat treatment of a molten metal is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1, constructing a simulation device for simulating the melting and solidification of a molten metal according to a similar principle, adding a heat transfer medium, a solute and a solvent into the simulation device, wherein the solute and the solvent are placed into the heat transfer medium through a solution tank, and the liquid level of the heat transfer medium is not lower than the liquid level in the solution tank and is not higher than the top height of the solution tank;

[0008] S2, heating the heat transfer medium in the simulation device to the complete dissolution temperature T of the solute m 1-1.1 times of the original volume, stirring thoroughly to obtain a uniformly mixed solution;

[0009] S3, cooling the solution obtained in step S2 to the solidification temperature T of the solution s 0.95-1.05 times of the concentration of the solvent to obtain a mixture containing solutes in substantially the same form;

[0010] S4, according to the actual working conditions, the mixture obtained in step S3 is heated to the solute complete dissolution temperature T according to the set heating rate. mThe temperature is kept at 1.1 times or more for a period of time to completely dissolve the sample, and the real-time conductivity and viscosity values ​​in the model are obtained. The camera is controlled to capture images according to the change in conductivity to obtain the size and dissolution rate of the crystals. The control mechanism is carried out according to the following standards:

[0011] When 0.95<σ<1, the camera magnification is controlled to be 40-200 times for shooting;

[0012] When 0.8<σ≤0.95, the camera magnification is controlled to be 200-500 times for shooting;

[0013] When 0.2<σ≤0.8, the camera magnification is controlled to be 500-1000 times for shooting;

[0014] When 0.0<σ≤0.2, the camera magnification is controlled to be 1000-2000 times for shooting.

[0015] Wherein, σ is the conductivity, and the conductivity needs to be normalized according to the standard that the conductivity of complete dissolution is recorded as 1 and the conductivity of complete solidification is recorded as 0;

[0016] S5, establishing a mathematical model of the crystal size temperature parameters, viscosity and conductivity by statistically analyzing the data obtained in step S4.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of a method for simulating superheat treatment of a metal melt of the present invention, in step S1, the ratio of the solute and the solvent is determined according to the melting and solidification characteristics of the metal melt under actual working conditions, the solute includes one or more of nicotinamide, sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, lead iodide, salicylic acid, citric acid, vitamin C, ammonium chloride, and sodium thiosulfate, and the solvent includes water, alcohol or oil.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of a method for simulating superheat treatment of a molten metal according to the present invention, the method further comprises repeatedly implementing steps S3-S4 multiple times before executing step S5, wherein in step S3, cooling the solution obtained in step S2 is replaced by cooling the solution obtained in step S4.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the method for simulating the overheating treatment of a metal melt of the present invention, in step S4, a zero correction is required before obtaining the viscosity value, specifically, the value η of the viscometer corresponding to the conductivity of 0.985-1 is corrected to zero, and the viscosity values ​​under the other conductivity are according to To convert, is the measured value at this conductivity.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment of the method for simulating superheat treatment of molten metal of the present invention, in step S1, the heat transfer medium includes one or more of water, liquid nitrogen, supercooled water, oil, metal, and graphite.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment of the method for simulating superheat treatment of molten metal of the present invention, in step S5, the mathematical model is implemented by combining parameter fitting and machine learning.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment of a method for simulating superheat treatment of a metal melt of the present invention, the method further includes the steps of obtaining an optimal superheat temperature of a simulated state according to the mathematical model and obtaining an actual optimal superheat temperature of the simulated metal melt through a similarity principle, wherein the simulated optimal superheat temperature is a critical temperature at which the solute is completely dissolved and the electrical conductivity and viscosity remain stable.

[0023] As another aspect of the present invention, a simulation device for overheating treatment of molten metal is provided, comprising a container, a solution tank, a thermometer, a viscometer, a conductivity meter, a data recorder, a camera, and a stirring device. The container has an opening for containing a heat transfer medium. The solution tank is placed above the container and ensures that the height of the heat transfer medium is not lower than the height of the solution in the solution tank. The stirring device is located in the container and is used to stir the heat transfer medium to ensure uniform heat transfer. There are two thermometers, which are respectively arranged in the container and the solution tank for obtaining the temperatures of the heat transfer medium and the solution. The conductivity meter is located in the solution tank for obtaining the conductivity of the solution. The viscometer is located in the solution tank for obtaining the viscosity of the solution. The camera is located above the solution tank for photographing the dissolution and crystallization states of the solute. The thermometer, viscometer, conductivity meter and camera are all electrically connected or electrically signal connected to the data recorder. The conductivity meter and camera are also electrically connected to a control system at the same time.

[0024] As another aspect of the present invention, a simulation device for superheat treatment of molten metal is provided, which also includes a cooling device, wherein the cooling device is wound around the container wall and is used to cool the heat transfer medium, and the cooling device is cooled by passing cooling water into the cooling device.

[0025] Based on the technical solution of the present invention, it is found that by real-time monitoring of changes in conductivity in the solution, the transient changes in crystal growth and melting in the solution can be effectively reflected, and the data has high sensitivity and is more accurate.

[0026] Based on the technical solution of the present invention, it is found that by real-time monitoring of the change in conductivity in the solution and adjusting the shooting parameters of the camera according to the specific change state, the crystal change at the characteristic transition moment can be captured, and a signal reference is provided for the setting of the shooting multiple, so that the captured data is more comprehensive, and the crystal structure details captured by the segmented shooting multiple are clearer. In the scheme of the present invention, the control standard is set as follows: when 0.95<σ<1, the camera magnification is controlled to be 40-200 times for shooting; when 0.8<σ≤0.95, the camera magnification is controlled to be 200-500 times for shooting; when 0.2<σ≤0.8, the camera magnification is controlled to be 500-1000 times for shooting; when 0.0<σ≤0.2, the camera magnification is controlled to be 1000-2000 times for shooting, wherein σ is the conductivity, and the conductivity needs to be normalized according to the standard of recording the conductivity of complete dissolution as 1 and the conductivity of complete solidification as 0. This normalized processing can adapt to the differences in conductivity of different solutions, provide a standardized detection scheme, and make the data easier to compare and analyze later.

[0027] It should be noted that the process parameters not mentioned in the present invention are all obtained by those skilled in the art based on conventional process parameters under actual working conditions combined with similar principles of the simulation process.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] 1. The present invention can realize the synchronous real-time monitoring and acquisition of temperature, conductivity change, viscosity and crystallization image. The various detection means are interrelated, and the data assist and verify each other. The advantage of high conductivity sensitivity can be used to effectively correct the viscosity detector with relatively low sensitivity, so that it can obtain more accurate viscosity data.

[0030] 2. The present invention controls the parameter settings of the camera by utilizing the specific changes in conductivity, so that the camera can capture clearer and more detailed crystal change patterns, thereby avoiding the shortcomings of the existing manual adjustment that is not timely, resulting in poor image clarity or failure to capture detailed crystal growth information.

[0031] 3. The present invention can truly restore the overheating behavior of molten metal, and by obtaining the relationship between temperature parameters, conductivity, viscosity and crystal changes, the data obtained is more comprehensive and accurate, avoiding the shortcomings of too few detection means, lack of correction and mutual verification, and resulting in large errors. It can effectively guide the actual production process to obtain ideal structure and performance by adjusting temperature parameters and monitoring conductivity and viscosity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 , schematic diagram of the simulation device structure of the present invention.

[0033] Among them, 1-container, 2-heat transfer medium, 3-cooling device, 4-solution tank, 5-thermometer, 6-camera, 7-data recorder, 8-viscometer, 9-conductivity meter, 10-stirring device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following will be described clearly and completely in conjunction with the technical solutions in the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] refer to Figure 1 In a specific embodiment of the present invention, a simulation device for the overheating behavior of a molten metal is provided, comprising a container 1, a solution tank 4, a thermometer 5, a viscometer 8, a conductivity meter 9, a data recorder 7, a camera 6, a stirring device 10, a heating device, and a cooling device 3. The container 1 has an opening for pouring a heat transfer medium 2. The solution tank 4 is placed above the container 1 and ensures that the height of the heat transfer medium 2 is not lower than the height of the solution in the solution tank 4. The heating device is placed on the surface of the container or in the heat transfer medium to heat the heat transfer medium. The stirring device 10 is located in the container 1 and is used to stir the heat transfer medium to ensure uniform heat transfer. There are two thermometers 5, which are respectively arranged in the container 1 and the solution tank 4 to obtain the temperatures of the heat transfer medium 2 and the solution. The thermometer arranged in the container 1 is mainly It is used to ensure the normal operation of the thermometer arranged in the solution tank 4. When an abnormality occurs, it can be judged by the degree fed back by the thermometer arranged in the container 1, so as to timely find the abnormal data points and ensure the accuracy of data acquisition. The conductivity meter 9 is located in the solution tank 4 to obtain the conductivity of the solution. The viscometer 8 is located in the solution tank 4 to obtain the viscosity of the solution. The camera 6 is located above the solution tank 4 to shoot the dissolution and crystallization state of the solute. The thermometer 5, the viscometer 8, the conductivity meter 9 and the camera 6 are all electrically connected to the data recorder 7. The conductivity meter and the camera are also electrically connected to the control system at the same time. The cooling device is wrapped around the container wall to cool the heat transfer medium. The cooling device is cooled by passing cooling water.

[0036] It should be noted that in the present invention Figure 1 In the figure, the connection diagram of other components except the camera 6 and the data recorder 7 is omitted, but this does not affect the persons skilled in the art to know the connection method. In addition, unless otherwise specified, the components in the present invention that need to be powered on to work must be powered on and connected according to the technology known in the art.

[0037] In specific implementation, the size of the simulation device is obtained by scaling down the size of the actual industrial production device based on a similar principle, and specifically, it can be set according to a ratio of, for example, 2:1, 2.5:1, 3:1, 4:1, etc. For easy observation, the container and solution tank in the specific embodiment of the present invention are made of transparent organic glass.

[0038] In a specific implementation, the camera 6 can adopt a high-speed camera, and obtain the conductivity data transmitted by the conductivity meter through the control system, and after normalization processing, determine the output and adjust the shooting parameters according to the standards of the present invention. In addition to the magnification, the exposure time of the high-speed camera can be determined according to actual needs, for example, 1.0 seconds, 2.0 seconds, etc. can be selected.

[0039] In a specific implementation, the stirring device 10 is used to stir the heat transfer medium to ensure uniform heat transfer.

[0040] In specific implementation, the solution in the solution tank is the molten metal in actual industrial production. According to the similarity principle, water, alcohol or oil can be selected as the solvent; the solute in the solution tank is the crystallized material formed by cooling the molten metal in actual industrial production. According to the similarity principle, one or more of niacinamide, sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, lead iodide, salicylic acid, citric acid, vitamin C, ammonium chloride and sodium thiosulfate can be selected as the solute.

[0041] In the specific implementation, the process of each simulation experiment includes:

[0042] S1, constructing a simulation device for simulating the melting and solidification of a molten metal according to a similar principle, adding a heat transfer medium, a solute and a solvent into the simulation device, wherein the solute and the solvent are placed into the heat transfer medium through a solution tank, and the liquid level of the heat transfer medium is not lower than the liquid level in the solution tank and is not higher than the top height of the solution tank;

[0043] S2, heating the heat transfer medium in the simulation device to the complete dissolution temperature T of the solute m 1-1.1 times of the original volume, stirring thoroughly to obtain a uniformly mixed solution;

[0044] S3, cooling the solution obtained in step S2 to the solidification temperature T of the solution s 0.95-1.05 times of the concentration of the solvent to obtain a mixture containing solutes in substantially the same form;

[0045] S4, according to the actual working conditions, the mixture obtained in step S3 is heated to the solute complete dissolution temperature T according to the set heating rate. mThe temperature is kept at 1.1 times or more for a period of time to completely dissolve the sample; the real-time conductivity and viscosity values ​​in the model are obtained, and the camera is controlled to capture images according to the change in conductivity to obtain the size and distribution of the crystals. The control mechanism is carried out according to the following standards:

[0046] When 0.95<σ<1, the camera magnification is controlled to be 40-200 times for shooting;

[0047] When 0.8<σ≤0.95, the camera magnification is controlled to be 200-500 times for shooting;

[0048] When 0.2<σ≤0.8, the camera magnification is controlled to be 500-1000 times for shooting;

[0049] When 0.0<σ≤0.2, the camera magnification is controlled to be 1000-2000 times for shooting.

[0050] Wherein, σ is conductivity, and the conductivity needs to be normalized according to the standard of recording the conductivity of complete dissolution as 1 and the conductivity of complete solidification as 0; before obtaining the viscosity value, a zero correction needs to be performed, specifically, the value η of the viscometer corresponding to the conductivity of 0.985-1 is corrected to zero, and the viscosity values ​​under other conductivities are according to To convert, is the measured value under this conductivity;

[0051] S5, using the data recorder to record the transmitted solution temperature, the viscosity converted by zero correction, and the conductivity obtained by normalization, and combining the heating parameters with parameter fitting and machine learning to analyze, the relationship between the temperature parameters of the molten metal and the viscosity, conductivity and solute changes can be obtained to simulate the overheating behavior of the molten metal, and finally obtain the appropriate heating parameters.

[0052] In specific implementation, the aforementioned steps S3 and S4 may be repeated. Furthermore, the heating and cooling parameters may be adjusted to obtain parameter relationships under more working conditions, thereby further improving the accuracy of the simulation results.

[0053] Example 1

[0054] A container and solution tank model is constructed according to a volume ratio of 2:1 between the heating furnace and the container. The solution tank is set in the container, a heating device is set in the container, a cooling water pipe is wrapped around the container wall, thermometers are set in the container and the solution tank respectively, a conductivity meter and a viscometer are also set in the solution tank, and a high-speed camera is set above the container. The thermometer, conductivity meter, viscometer and high-speed camera are electrically connected to the data recorder, and the conductivity meter and high-speed camera are also electrically connected to the control system.

[0055] S1, adding a heat transfer medium, a solute and a solvent into a simulation device, selecting water as a solvent and lead iodide as a solute in a molar ratio of 5:1 according to the solidification and melting characteristics of AlSi7Mg0.9 aluminum alloy, placing the solute and the solvent into the heat transfer medium through a solution tank, and dissolving the liquid level of the heat transfer medium at the same height as the liquid level in the solution tank;

[0056] S2, heating the heat transfer medium in the simulation device to the complete dissolution temperature T of the solute m 1.1 times of (93.5°C), stirring thoroughly to obtain a uniformly mixed solution;

[0057] S3, cooling the obtained solution to the solidification temperature T of the solution s 0.95 times (-5.7°C) to obtain a mixture containing solutes in substantially uniform form;

[0058] S4, according to the actual working conditions, the mixture obtained in step S3 is heated to the solute complete dissolution temperature T according to the set heating rate of 0.8°C / min. m 1.5 times (127.5°C), keep warm for 6 minutes to make it completely dissolved, and transmit temperature data to the data recorder in real time through the thermometers respectively set in the heat transfer medium and the solution;

[0059] The viscosity change of the solution was measured by using a viscometer. The viscosity value η corresponding to the conductivity σ was 1 and calibrated to zero. The viscosity values ​​under other conductivity conditions were according to The standard is to perform row conversion, where The conductivity meter is used to measure the conductivity change of the solution, and the data is transmitted to the data recorder. The control system normalizes the conductivity meter according to the standard that the conductivity of complete dissolution is recorded as 1 and the conductivity of complete solidification is recorded as 0, and then controls the camera parameters according to different conductivity conditions:

[0060] When 0.95<σ<1, the camera magnification is controlled to 80 times for shooting;

[0061] When 0.8<σ≤0.95, the camera magnification is controlled to be 300 times for shooting;

[0062] When 0.2<σ≤0.8, the camera magnification is controlled to be 700 times for shooting;

[0063] When 0.0<σ≤0.2, the camera magnification is controlled to be 1600 times for shooting;

[0064] S5, the temperature parameters, viscosity, conductivity and solute changes recorded by the data recorder are statistically analyzed by combining parameter fitting and machine learning to obtain the relationship between the temperature parameters of the metal melt and the viscosity, conductivity and solute change state, so as to simulate the overheating behavior of the metal melt.

[0065] By establishing a model of conductivity, viscosity and observation of dendrite changes, statistical analysis found that when the temperature reaches about 118°C, the dendrites are completely dissolved, and the conductivity and viscosity of the solution begin to remain stable; through the similarity principle , according to the similarity between the simulated solution and the aluminum alloy, the solidification similarity coefficient is set is 5, so the appropriate overheat treatment temperature of the aluminum alloy is 800℃.

[0066] The solution in this embodiment was cooled at 3°C / min to a completely solidified state, and photographed with a camera at a magnification of 200 times, and it was found that the crystals in the solidified phase were uniform and small. At the same time, based on the experimental verification of the grain size and properties of the aforementioned aluminum alloy, it was found that compared with the traditional process controlling the overheat treatment at 720°C, the alloy treated at the treatment temperature obtained by the simulation method of this embodiment had a grain size refined by 8% and a tensile strength increased by 50 MPa, which obviously effectively improved the structure and properties of the alloy.

[0067] Example 2

[0068] A container and solution tank model is constructed according to a volume ratio of 2:1 between the heating furnace and the container. The solution tank is set in the container, a heating device is set in the container, a cooling water pipe is wrapped around the container wall, thermometers are set in the container and the solution tank respectively, a conductivity meter and a viscometer are also set in the solution tank, and a high-speed camera is set above the container. The thermometer, conductivity meter, viscometer and high-speed camera are electrically connected to the data recorder, and the conductivity meter and high-speed camera are also electrically connected to the control system.

[0069] S1, adding a heat transfer medium, a solute and a solvent into the simulation device, selecting water as the solvent and sodium thiosulfate as the solute in a molar ratio of 8:1 according to the solidification and melting characteristics of Ti-strengthened C700L automobile beam steel, and placing the solute and the solvent into the heat transfer medium through a solution tank, and the liquid level of the heat transfer medium is at the same height as the liquid level in the solution tank;

[0070] S2, heating the heat transfer medium in the simulation device to the complete dissolution temperature T of the solute m 1.05 times of (59°C), stirring thoroughly to obtain a uniformly mixed solution;

[0071] S3, cooling the obtained solution to the solidification temperature T of the solution s 0.95 times (-6°C) to obtain a mixture containing solutes in substantially uniform form;

[0072] S4, heating the mixture obtained in step S3 to the solute complete dissolution temperature T according to the set heating rate of 1°C / min m 1.5 times (84°C), keep warm for 8 minutes to make it completely dissolved, and transmit temperature data to the data recorder in real time through the thermometers set in the heat transfer medium and the solution respectively;

[0073] The viscosity change of the solution was measured by using a viscometer. The viscosity value η corresponding to the conductivity σ was 1 and calibrated to zero. The viscosity values ​​under other conductivity conditions were according to The standard is to perform row conversion, where The conductivity meter is used to measure the conductivity change of the solution, and the data is transmitted to the data recorder. The control system normalizes the conductivity meter according to the standard that the conductivity of complete dissolution is recorded as 1 and the conductivity of complete solidification is recorded as 0, and then controls the camera parameters according to different conductivity conditions:

[0074] When 0.95<σ<1, the camera magnification is controlled to 80 times for shooting;

[0075] When 0.8<σ≤0.95, the camera magnification is controlled to be 300 times for shooting;

[0076] When 0.2<σ≤0.8, the camera magnification is controlled to be 700 times for shooting;

[0077] When 0.0<σ≤0.2, the camera magnification is controlled to be 1600 times for shooting;

[0078] Cooling the completely dissolved solution to 0.95 times the solidification temperature of the solution (-6°C) to obtain a mixture containing solutes in substantially uniform form again;

[0079] The mixture obtained in step S3 is heated again at a heating rate of 1°C / min to a temperature T at which the solute is completely dissolved. m 1.5 times (84°C), keep warm for 8 minutes to make it completely dissolved, and transmit temperature data to the data recorder in real time through the thermometers set in the heat transfer medium and the solution respectively;

[0080] The viscosity change of the solution was measured by using a viscometer. The viscosity value η corresponding to the conductivity of 1 was corrected to zero, and the viscosity values ​​under other conductivity conditions were according to The standard is to perform row conversion, where The conductivity meter is used to measure the conductivity change of the solution, and the data is transmitted to the data recorder. The control system normalizes the conductivity meter according to the standard that the conductivity of complete dissolution is recorded as 1 and the conductivity of complete solidification is recorded as 0, and then controls the camera parameters according to different conductivity conditions:

[0081] When 0.95<σ<1, the camera magnification is controlled to 80 times for shooting;

[0082] When 0.8<σ≤0.95, the camera magnification is controlled to be 300 times for shooting;

[0083] When 0.2<σ≤0.8, the camera magnification is controlled to be 700 times for shooting;

[0084] When 0.0<σ≤0.2, the camera magnification is controlled to be 1600 times for shooting;

[0085] S5, the temperature parameters, viscosity, conductivity and solute changes recorded by the data recorder are statistically analyzed by combining parameter fitting and machine learning to obtain the relationship between the temperature parameters of the metal melt and the viscosity, conductivity and solute change state, so as to simulate the overheating behavior of the metal melt.

[0086] By establishing a conductivity, viscosity and observation model of dendrite changes, statistical analysis found that when the temperature reaches about 79°C, the dendrites are completely dissolved, and the conductivity and viscosity of the solution begin to remain stable; through the similarity principle , according to the similarity between the simulated solution and the molten steel, set the solidification similarity coefficient is 10, so the appropriate overheat treatment temperature of the steel is 1560℃.

[0087] The solution in this embodiment was cooled at 3°C / min to a completely solidified state, and photographed with a camera at a magnification of 200 times, and it was found that the crystals in the solidified phase were uniform and small. At the same time, based on the experimental verification of the grain size and performance of the aforementioned aluminum alloy, it was found that, compared with the traditional process controlling 1520°C for overheating, the steel treated at the treatment temperature obtained by the simulation method of this embodiment had a grain size refined by 3.5%, an elongation increased by 5%, a hardness increased by 7%, and a tensile strength increased by 25 MPa, which obviously effectively improved the organization and performance of the steel.

[0088] It should be noted that, according to the above embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art can fully realize the full scope of the independent claims and dependent rights of the present invention, and the implementation process and method are the same as the above embodiments; and the part not described in detail in the present invention belongs to the well-known technology in the field. However, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by any person familiar with the field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for simulating superheat treatment of a molten metal, characterized in that: The steps include: S1, constructing a simulation device for simulating the melting and solidification of a molten metal according to a similar principle, adding a heat transfer medium, a solute and a solvent into the simulation device, wherein the solute and the solvent are placed into the heat transfer medium through a solution tank, and the liquid level of the heat transfer medium is not lower than the liquid level in the solution tank and is not higher than the top height of the solution tank; S2, heating the heat transfer medium in the simulation device to the complete dissolution temperature T of the solute m 1-1.1 times of the original volume, stirring thoroughly to obtain a uniformly mixed solution; S3, cooling the solution obtained in step S2 to the solidification temperature T of the solution s 0.95-1.05 times of the concentration of the solvent to obtain a mixture containing solutes in substantially the same form; S4, according to the actual working conditions, the mixture obtained in step S3 is heated to the solute complete dissolution temperature T according to the set heating rate. m The temperature is kept at a level of more than 1.1 times that of the solid solution, and the solution is completely dissolved after being kept warm for a period of time. The real-time conductivity and viscosity values ​​in the model are obtained, and the camera is controlled to capture images according to the change in conductivity to obtain the size and distribution of the crystals. The control mechanism is carried out according to the following standards: When 0.95<σ<1, the camera magnification is controlled to be 40-200 times for shooting; When 0.8<σ≤0.95, the camera magnification is controlled to be 200-500 times for shooting; When 0.2<σ≤0.8, the camera magnification is controlled to be 500-1000 times for shooting; When 0.0<σ≤0.2, the camera magnification is controlled to be 1000-2000 times for shooting. Wherein, σ is the conductivity, and the conductivity needs to be normalized according to the standard that the conductivity of complete dissolution is recorded as 1 and the conductivity of complete solidification is recorded as 0; S5, establishing a mathematical model of the size, distribution, temperature, viscosity and conductivity of the crystals by statistically analyzing the data obtained in step S4.

2. The simulation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, a solute and a solvent are added to the simulation device to simulate a metal melt and a crystal respectively, and the added amount is determined according to the melting and solidification characteristics of the metal melt under actual working conditions. The solute includes one or more of nicotinamide, sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, lead iodide, salicylic acid, citric acid, vitamin C, ammonium chloride, and sodium thiosulfate, and the solvent includes water, alcohol or oil.

3. The simulation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method further comprises repeatedly implementing steps S3-S4 multiple times before executing step S5, wherein in step S3, cooling the solution obtained in step S2 is replaced by cooling the solution obtained in step S4.

4. The simulation method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: In step S4, before or after obtaining the viscosity value, a zero correction is required, specifically, the value η of the viscometer corresponding to the conductivity σ of 0.985-1 is corrected to zero, and the viscosity values ​​under other conductivity are according to To convert, is the measured value at this conductivity.

5. The simulation method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: In the step S1, the heating is performed by heat transfer using a heat transfer medium, and the heat transfer medium includes one or more of water, liquid nitrogen, supercooled water, oil, metal, and graphite.

6. The simulation method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: In step S5, the mathematical model is implemented by combining parameter fitting and machine learning.

7. A simulation device for implementing the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising a container, a solution tank, a thermometer, a viscometer, a conductivity meter, a data recorder, a camera, and a stirring device, wherein the container has an opening for holding a heat transfer medium, the solution tank is placed above the container, and ensures that the height of the heat transfer medium is not lower than the height of the solution in the solution tank, the stirring device is located in the container, the thermometer is arranged in the solution tank to obtain the temperature of the solution, the conductivity meter is located in the solution tank to obtain the conductivity of the solution, the viscometer is located in the solution tank to obtain the viscosity of the solution, the camera is located above the solution tank to shoot the dissolution and crystallization state of the solute, the thermometer, viscometer, conductivity meter and camera are all electrically connected or electrically signal connected to the data recorder, and the conductivity meter and camera are also electrically connected to a control system at the same time.

8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that The device also includes a temperature measuring instrument arranged in the container for obtaining the temperature of the heat transfer medium.

9. The device according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that It also includes a cooling device, which is wound around the container wall and is used to cool the heat transfer medium. The cooling device is cooled by passing cooling water into it.

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