Node acquisition quality control method and system

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of excitation point quality inspection, and particularly relates to a node acquisition quality control method and system. According to the node acquisition quality control method, the monitoring nodes which are additionally arranged and are only arranged in the range of earthquake production shot points on the same day for data acquisition can be recycled after earthquake production on the same day is completed, blasting records on the same day are obtained, and therefore monitoring of abnormal excitation points (namely shot points) on the same day can be achieved; therefore, data support is provided for timely taking remedial measures, and the quality control defect of blind acquisition of current node acquisition can be solved; after the abnormal cannon is recorded as an unqualified cannon, the unqualified cannon is supplemented in time, or the unqualified cannon is disposed as a waste cannon under the condition that the waste cannon rate does not exceed a set threshold value; therefore, remedial measures can be taken in time for unqualified shots, the quality of the seismic section is improved, meanwhile, the quality accident that the empty shot rate of the seismic project exceeds the standard is avoided, and the waste shot rate of the seismic data acquisition project can be controlled to complete the quality index of the seismic project.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of excitation point quality inspection, and in particular relates to a node acquisition quality control method and system. Background Art

[0002] In order to meet the needs of high-precision seismic exploration technology, geophysical acquisition technology has developed in the direction of high-density, large-channel, and flexible observation systems. The number of channels and band capacity of wired acquisition systems are limited, and a large number of personnel and vehicles are required during use, with high construction costs. Wireless node instruments are light, flexible, GPS-timed, positioned, and autonomously continuously acquired, free from the constraints of seismic cables, and can meet the deployment requirements of complex environments. At the same time, wireless node instruments do not require waiting time or arrangement during blasting, which improves construction efficiency. The node data acquisition system completes seismic signal picking, data storage, and centralized downloading steps in a single station, transforming the wired acquisition-transmission-recording steps into wireless acquisition-recording (on-site)-data download synthesis, that is, changing centralized recording to decentralized recording, making construction faster and more convenient, which has obvious advantages over traditional wired instruments, and is therefore increasingly widely used. However, they usually work independently as stations, in a pure blind acquisition mode, without real-time information exchange capabilities, which is a quality control weakness during node instrument construction.

[0003] The node acquisition method in the prior art mainly uses the status indicator light to understand whether the working status is normal after startup. During the acquisition process, personnel, drones, etc. regularly patrol the node station and read the node's working status information by wireless communication to achieve control of the node's working status. However, the node instruments used to collect seismic information are usually fixedly arranged in a certain range of the blasting point area in the work area. After the blasting process is completed, the recovery nodes are arranged to centrally download the collected data; since the blasting process usually takes 3-5 days or even longer, and such a node acquisition method can only uniformly obtain the collected data after the blasting process is completed, the quality monitoring based on the node acquisition method cannot monitor the abnormal excitation points (i.e., blasting points) on the day, and remedial measures cannot be taken in time, affecting the quality of the seismic profile. Normally, the quality inspection method for the excitation point is to record the video of drilling, drug placement, and rod pulling on site to check whether the well depth and drug dosage design requirements are met; this method can only achieve process quality control, but cannot achieve result monitoring; in order to achieve the result monitoring of node acquisition quality, the current main method is real-time data return based on 5G technology, and massive data can be directly uploaded to the cloud to achieve remote monitoring and data processing in the true sense; such as the 5G cloud node iDot developed by BGP and Huawei, which completed a small batch field test in 2021; the 5G node Smart-Point developed by Sinopec Geophysical Exploration Technology Research Institute with external cooperation completed field testing. However, the technology is currently only in the experimental stage, and it will take a long time to be applied, so it is difficult to take timely remedial measures for abnormal excitation points in actual projects. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a node acquisition quality control method and system, which is used to solve the problem that the node acquisition quality control method in the prior art cannot monitor the abnormal excitation points that occur on the same day, resulting in the inability to take remedial measures in time.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a node acquisition quality control method, characterized in that it includes the following steps:

[0006] 1) Divide the distribution range of the earthquake production blasting points of the day, and arrange multiple monitoring nodes at intervals within the distribution range to record all the blasting data of the earthquake production of the day as earthquake records;

[0007] 2) After the earthquake production of the day is completed, the monitoring nodes are recovered, and the earthquake records collected by the monitoring nodes are downloaded, SPS is made, and data is cut and synthesized to obtain the earthquake records corresponding to the single detection point; the SPS making refers to defining the coordinates, relative position relationship, elevation and GPS time of the monitoring node and the shot point for the earthquake production shot point of the day, which are used for data cutting and synthesis;

[0008] 3) Arranging the seismic records of the detection points corresponding to each shot according to the shot offset to form a common detection point gather; the shot offset refers to the distance between the shot point and the monitoring node;

[0009] 4) According to the low-speed reduction zone results and the shot point elevation, the common detection point gathers formed in step 3) are subjected to data correction processing to obtain corrected common detection point gathers, and the abnormal shot time window is selected according to the corrected common detection point gathers;

[0010] 5) According to the shot inspection relationship between the abnormal shot and multiple monitoring nodes in SPS, a common shot point gather record is generated, and energy and spectrum analysis is performed on it to check whether the record quality index corresponding to the abnormal shot is qualified. If the record quality index corresponding to the abnormal shot is unqualified, the abnormal shot is recorded as an unqualified shot.

[0011] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is: through the additional setting of monitoring nodes that are only deployed within the scope of the earthquake production blasting points on the day for data collection, the data can be recovered after the earthquake production on the day is completed, and the blasting records of the day can be obtained, thereby realizing the monitoring of the abnormal excitation points (i.e., blasting points) on the day, thereby providing data support for timely remedial measures. Compared with the existing pure blind mining working mode in which data is collected uniformly after the blasting process of the entire work area is completed, the information exchange capability is stronger, and the quality control defects of the current node collection "blind mining" can be solved.

[0012] Furthermore, after the abnormal gun is recorded as a failed gun, the failed gun is promptly replaced, or the failed gun is treated as a failed gun when the failed gun rate does not exceed a set threshold.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: timely remedial measures can be taken for unqualified shots found, thereby improving the quality of seismic profiles, while avoiding quality accidents caused by excessive empty shot rates in seismic projects; and the waste shot rate of seismic data acquisition projects can be controlled to achieve the quality indicators of seismic projects.

[0014] Furthermore, multiple monitoring nodes are arranged at intervals in a non-equidistant manner, and the locations of the monitoring nodes are set according to whether the traffic is convenient.

[0015] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that it facilitates the deployment and recovery of monitoring nodes.

[0016] Furthermore, in step 4), the abnormal shot time window is selected in the following manner: seismic records in the common detection point gathers whose background noise is greater than the effective signal are selected as the abnormal shot time window.

[0017] Furthermore, the corrected common detection point gathers are displayed in an AGC mode; the AGC mode refers to a display mode in which the gain value of a signal with weak energy is increased and the gain value of a signal with strong energy is reduced through automatic gain control.

[0018] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that the common detection point gather displayed by AGC mode can eliminate the influence of energy attenuation, making it easier to observe some abnormal shots more intuitively.

[0019] The present invention also provides a node acquisition quality control system, comprising a processor, wherein the processor is used to execute program instructions to implement the following steps:

[0020] 1) Dividing the distribution range of the earthquake production blasting points of the day, and using the intervals within the distribution range to deploy multiple monitoring nodes to record all the blasting data of the earthquake production of the day as earthquake records;

[0021] 2) Download data, make SPS, cut and synthesize the seismic records collected by the monitoring node to obtain the seismic records corresponding to a single detection point; the SPS production refers to defining the coordinates, relative position relationship, elevation and GPS time of the monitoring node and the shot point for the earthquake production point of the day, which are used for data cutting and synthesis;

[0022] The earthquake records collected by the monitoring nodes are obtained from the monitoring nodes recovered after completing the earthquake production on the day;

[0023] 3) Arranging the seismic records of the detection points corresponding to each shot according to the shot offset to form a common detection point gather; the shot offset refers to the distance between the shot point and the monitoring node;

[0024] 4) According to the low-speed reduction zone results and the shot point elevation, the common detection point gathers formed in step 3) are subjected to data correction processing to obtain corrected common detection point gathers, and the abnormal shot time window is selected according to the corrected common detection point gathers;

[0025] 5) According to the shot inspection relationship between the abnormal shot and multiple monitoring nodes in SPS, a common shot point gather record is generated, and energy and spectrum analysis is performed on it to check whether the record quality index corresponding to the abnormal shot is qualified. If the record quality index corresponding to the abnormal shot is unqualified, the abnormal shot is recorded as an unqualified shot.

[0026] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is: through the additional setting of monitoring nodes that are only deployed within the scope of the earthquake production blasting points on the day for data collection, the data can be recovered after the earthquake production on the day is completed, and the blasting records of the day can be obtained, thereby realizing the monitoring of the abnormal excitation points (i.e., blasting points) on the day, thereby providing data support for timely remedial measures. Compared with the existing pure blind mining working mode in which data is collected uniformly after the blasting process of the entire work area is completed, the information exchange capability is stronger, and the quality control defects of the current node collection "blind mining" can be solved.

[0027] Furthermore, after the abnormal gun is recorded as a failed gun, the failed gun is promptly replaced, or the failed gun is treated as a failed gun when the failed gun rate does not exceed a set threshold.

[0028] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: timely remedial measures can be taken for unqualified shots found, thereby improving the quality of seismic profiles, while avoiding quality accidents caused by excessive empty shot rates in seismic projects; and the waste shot rate of seismic data acquisition projects can be controlled to achieve the quality indicators of seismic projects.

[0029] Furthermore, multiple monitoring nodes are arranged at intervals in a non-equidistant manner, and the locations of the monitoring nodes are set according to whether the traffic is convenient.

[0030] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that it facilitates the deployment and recovery of monitoring nodes.

[0031] Furthermore, in step 4), the abnormal shot time window is selected in the following manner: seismic records in the common detection point gathers whose background noise is greater than the effective signal are selected as the abnormal shot time window.

[0032] Furthermore, the corrected common detection point gathers are displayed in an AGC mode; the AGC mode refers to a display mode in which the gain value of a signal with weak energy is increased and the gain value of a signal with strong energy is reduced through automatic gain control.

[0033] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that the common detection point gather displayed by AGC mode can eliminate the influence of energy attenuation, making it easier to observe some abnormal shots more intuitively. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 This is an example diagram of the layout of monitoring nodes in an embodiment of the node acquisition quality control method of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 An example diagram of a suspected abnormal shot time window selected from a common detection point gather of a certain monitoring node in an embodiment of the node acquisition quality control method of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a common shot point gather formed by each suspicious abnormal shot in an embodiment of the node acquisition quality control method of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of performing energy analysis on each suspected abnormal shot in an embodiment of the node acquisition quality control method of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of performing spectrum analysis on each suspected abnormal shot in an embodiment of the node acquisition quality control method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0040] Node collection quality control method embodiment

[0041] This embodiment provides a technical solution for a node collection quality control method, including the following steps:

[0042] 1) Divide the distribution range of the earthquake production blasting points of the day, and arrange multiple monitoring nodes at intervals within the divided distribution range to record all the blasting data of the earthquake production of the day as earthquake records; in this embodiment, the earthquake record is in the monitoring detector, starting the timing of the corresponding earthquake signal (i.e., the corresponding blasting data) with the GPS time at the ignition moment of the blaster as zero. Among them, GPS time refers to a high-precision reference time composed of the GPS satellite-borne atomic clock and the ground monitoring station atomic clock. The excitation and receiving systems adopt this timing mode, and the timing of the two is synchronized, which can ensure that the earthquake signal at the corresponding moment is cut out from the continuously recorded data.

[0043] As attached Figure 1 As shown, the smaller and densely distributed points are all the shot points in the work area, the box is the distribution range of the earthquake production shot points on that day, and the larger dots are the various monitoring nodes deployed; Figure 1 This is an example diagram of laying out 6 monitoring nodes. The control range of each monitoring node is a circle with a radius of 4 km with the monitoring node as the center. The areas covered by the control range can overlap, and ultimately all control ranges can completely cover the entire distribution range of the earthquake production shot points on that day. In this embodiment, the monitoring node used is a certain seismic exploration detector, which can complete seismic signal picking, data storage and centralized downloading in a single station, and also has GPS timing, positioning, autonomous continuous collection and other functions; the monitoring node is consistent with the node used for normal production (i.e., the fixed layout node for collecting seismic information in the entire work area), but it is not a node for production and needs to be laid out separately. When laying out, it is not required to be on the detection point pile number arranged for seismic data collection. The recorded data is only used for inspection and does not participate in seismic profile processing; in other embodiments, the control range of the monitoring node can also be a circle of other radius.

[0044] Moreover, in the present embodiment, a plurality of monitoring nodes are arranged at intervals using a non-equidistant arrangement, and the arrangement positions of the monitoring nodes are set according to whether the traffic is convenient; that is, the intervals between two adjacent nodes are not equidistant, and when the monitoring nodes are arranged, the arrangement positions need to take into account the principle of convenient traffic to facilitate the arrangement and recovery of the monitoring nodes.

[0045] 2) After completing the earthquake production of the day, the monitoring nodes are recovered, and the earthquake records collected by the monitoring nodes are downloaded, SPS is produced, and data is cut and synthesized to obtain the earthquake records corresponding to the single detection point; among them, the produced SPS refers to the earthquake production shot point of the day, which defines the coordinates, relative position relationship, elevation and GPS time of excitation and reception of the monitoring node and the shot point, which is used for data cutting and synthesis.

[0046] In this embodiment, data cutting refers to cutting the data recorded at the node according to the time of earthquake excitation and the specified recording duration to form an earthquake record corresponding to a single detection point; data synthesis refers to sorting the single-point records obtained by cutting according to the specified observation system to form a complete earthquake single-shot record.

[0047] It can be seen that the node acquisition quality control method of this embodiment uses additional monitoring nodes that are only deployed within the scope of the earthquake production blasting points on the day to collect data. After the earthquake production on the day is completed, it can be recovered and the blasting records of the day can be obtained. This can realize the monitoring of abnormal excitation points (i.e., blasting points) on the day, thereby providing data support for timely remedial measures. Compared with the existing pure blind acquisition working mode in which data is collected uniformly after the blasting process of the entire work area is completed, the information exchange capability is stronger, and the quality control defects of the current node acquisition "blind acquisition" can be solved.

[0048] 3) Arrange the seismic records of the detection points corresponding to each shot according to the shot offset to form a common detection point gather; where the shot offset refers to the distance between the shot point and the monitoring node; the common detection point gather refers to the arrangement of the seismic records of the detection points of each shot with the shot offset as the horizontal coordinate.

[0049] 4) According to the low velocity reduction zone results and the shot point elevation, the common detection point gathers formed in step 3) are subjected to data correction processing to obtain the corrected common detection point gathers, and the abnormal shot time window is selected according to the corrected common detection point gathers; the low velocity reduction zone results here refer to: according to the velocity and thickness data of the near-surface low velocity layer and the velocity reduction layer actually measured, the actual propagation time of the seismic wave therein is calculated, which is used to eliminate the error caused by the replacement velocity and the actual velocity when the seismic records of each channel are corrected to the same horizontal plane; wherein, the abnormal shot time window is selected in the following manner: the seismic record whose background noise is greater than the effective signal in the common detection point gathers is selected as the abnormal shot time window.

[0050] In this embodiment, the data correction processing method is static correction processing; static correction processing refers to the process of eliminating the influence of factors such as surface elevation changes, weathering layer thickness and velocity changes, and excitation and receiving point depth changes on the reflected wave propagation time.

[0051] like Figure 2The figure shows the corrected common detection point gathers of an arbitrarily selected monitoring node, where a part of the suspected abnormal shot time windows are selected as follows: Figure 2 As shown in the white box ( Figure 2 The white box in the figure does not frame all the suspicious abnormal gun time windows, only a part of them is framed as an example). Figure 2 It can be clearly seen that the seismic waveform in the box is obviously different from the adjacent waveforms; in this embodiment, the corrected common detection point gathers are displayed through the AGC method, which refers to a display method in which the gain value of weak energy signals is increased and the gain value of strong energy signals is weakened through automatic gain control. The common detection point gathers displayed through the AGC method can eliminate the influence of energy attenuation, making it easier to observe some abnormal shots more intuitively.

[0052] 5) According to the shot inspection relationship between the abnormal shot and multiple monitoring nodes in SPS, a common shot point gather record is generated, and energy and spectrum analysis is performed on it to check whether the record quality index corresponding to the abnormal shot is qualified. If the record quality index corresponding to the abnormal shot is unqualified, the abnormal shot is recorded as an unqualified shot.

[0053] Among them, the quality index is usually the target that the energy and signal-to-noise ratio of the seismic record should achieve, such as the signal-to-noise ratio is greater than the set signal-to-noise ratio threshold (for example, the signal-to-noise ratio threshold is set to 0.2), the energy is greater than the set energy threshold, etc.; if the record signal-to-noise ratio corresponding to the abnormal shot is less than or equal to 0.2, it indicates that the record quality index corresponding to the abnormal shot is unqualified; similarly, if the record energy corresponding to the abnormal shot is less than or equal to the set energy threshold, it also indicates that the record quality index corresponding to the abnormal shot is unqualified.

[0054] Figure 3 Shows from Figure 2 11 suspicious abnormal shots (corresponding to the digital serial numbers 1 to 11 on the horizontal axis) are selected from the SPS, and the seismic records of 7 monitoring nodes (corresponding to the seismic signal waveform constituting the longitudinal direction) are selected to generate a common shot point gather; due to the inconsistent shot offsets (the distance between the shot point and the monitoring node), the energy of each trace has a large difference. When the shot offset is small, the seismic signal energy is strong, then each abnormal shot can correspond to a small shot offset. Therefore, according to the strength of the energy corresponding to the small shot offset (in this embodiment, the root mean square amplitude of the seismic signal voltage), it is possible to qualitatively analyze whether each suspicious abnormal shot is a failed shot.

[0055] like Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the amplitude energy of the suspicious abnormal shot with serial number 6 is still very weak even in the corresponding small shot offset, while the other suspicious abnormal shots all have small shot offsets with strong amplitude energy. Therefore, it can be qualitatively determined that the suspicious abnormal shot is a substandard shot with unqualified quality indicators. For further confirmation, six suspicious abnormal shots including the suspicious abnormal shot with serial number 6 were selected for energy analysis (as shown in the figure). Figure 4 as shown) and spectrum analysis (as shown Figure 5 Energy and spectrum analysis is a method of analyzing earthquake records. It analyzes the quality of earthquake records by counting the total amplitude value and the amplitude values ​​of different frequencies of earthquake records. Figure 4 , Figure 5 It can be seen that the root mean square amplitude energy of this suspicious abnormal shot is significantly weaker than that of other suspicious abnormal shots (refer to Figure 4 The RMS amplitude corresponding to the horizontal coordinate of 1100 in the middle) is definitely smaller than the threshold set according to the RMS amplitude energy of the normal cannon, and the spectrum is also abnormal (refer to Figure 5 If the amplitude value in the spectrum curve is always around -40dB, it is quantitatively determined that the gun is unqualified and needs to be dealt with in time.

[0056] In this embodiment, after the abnormal shot is recorded as an unqualified shot, the unqualified shot is promptly replenished, or the unqualified shot is disposed of as a waste shot when the waste shot rate does not exceed the set threshold; thereby, remedial measures can be taken in time for the unqualified shot found, thereby improving the quality of the seismic profile, while avoiding quality accidents caused by excessive empty shot rates in seismic projects; and the waste shot rate of the seismic data acquisition project can be controlled to achieve the quality indicators of the seismic project; wherein, the waste shot rate not exceeding the standard is the waste shot rate quality indicator stipulated for the seismic project, such as a waste shot rate ≤0.1%; waste shot disposal refers to discarding the shot when the waste shot rate does not exceed the quality indicator, and disposing of it in accordance with safety regulations.

[0057] In addition, for unqualified guns, the corresponding drilling, charging and rod pulling videos of the gun are also reviewed; if the video monitoring results are compliant, the reasons for the failure of the gun are further analyzed to improve the process control measures and reduce the re-gunning rate.

[0058] Node collection quality control system implementation example

[0059] This embodiment provides a technical solution of a node acquisition quality control system, which includes a processor, and the processor is used to execute program instructions to implement the following steps:

[0060] 1) Divide the distribution range of the earthquake production blasting points of the day, and use the intervals within the distribution range to deploy multiple monitoring nodes to record all the blasting data of the earthquake production of the day as earthquake records;

[0061] 2) Download data, make SPS, cut and synthesize the seismic records collected by the monitoring nodes to obtain the seismic records corresponding to a single detection point; making SPS here means defining the coordinates, relative position relationship, elevation and GPS time of the monitoring node and the shot point for the earthquake production point of the day for data cutting and synthesis;

[0062] Among them, the earthquake records collected by the monitoring nodes are obtained from the monitoring nodes recovered after completing the earthquake production of the day.

[0063] 3) Arrange the seismic records of the detection points corresponding to each shot according to the shot offset to form a common detection point gather; the shot offset here refers to the distance between the shot point and the monitoring node;

[0064] 4) According to the low-speed reduction zone results and the shot point elevation, the common detection point gathers formed in step 3) are subjected to data correction processing to obtain corrected common detection point gathers, and the abnormal shot time window is selected according to the corrected common detection point gathers;

[0065] 5) According to the shot inspection relationship between the abnormal shot and multiple monitoring nodes in SPS, a common shot point gather record is generated, and energy and spectrum analysis is performed on it to check whether the record quality index corresponding to the abnormal shot is qualified. If the record quality index corresponding to the abnormal shot is unqualified, the abnormal shot is recorded as an unqualified shot.

[0066] Since the working process and working principle of the node acquisition quality control system have been described in detail in the above-mentioned node acquisition quality control method embodiment, they will not be repeated here.

[0067] The present invention has the following characteristics:

[0068] 1) The node acquisition quality control method of the present invention uses additional monitoring nodes that are only deployed within the scope of the earthquake production blasting points on the day to collect data. After the earthquake production on the day is completed, the nodes can be recovered and the blasting records of the day can be obtained. This can monitor the abnormal excitation points (i.e., blasting points) on the day, thereby providing data support for timely remedial measures. Compared with the existing pure blind acquisition working mode in which data is collected uniformly after the blasting process of the entire work area is completed, the information exchange capability is stronger, and the quality control defects of the current node acquisition "blind acquisition" can be solved.

[0069] 2) The corrected common detection point gathers are displayed through AGC mode. The common detection point gathers displayed through AGC mode can eliminate the influence of energy attenuation, making it easier to observe some abnormal shots more intuitively.

[0070] 3) After the abnormal shot is recorded as an unqualified shot, the unqualified shot is promptly replaced, or the unqualified shot is treated as a waste shot if the waste shot rate does not exceed the set threshold; thereby, remedial measures can be taken in time for the unqualified shot found, thereby improving the quality of the seismic profile and avoiding quality accidents caused by excessive empty shot rates in seismic projects; and the waste shot rate of seismic data acquisition projects can be controlled to achieve the quality indicators of seismic projects.

[0071] It should be understood that the above specific embodiments of the present invention are only used to illustrate or explain the principles of the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation to the present invention.

Claims

1. A node collection quality control method, characterized in that: The steps include: 1) Divide the distribution range of the earthquake production blasting points of the day, and arrange multiple monitoring nodes at intervals within the distribution range to record all the blasting data of the earthquake production of the day as earthquake records; 2) After the earthquake production of the day is completed, the monitoring nodes are recovered, and the earthquake records collected by the monitoring nodes are downloaded, SPS is made, and data is cut and synthesized to obtain the earthquake records corresponding to the single detection point; the SPS making refers to defining the coordinates, relative position relationship, elevation and GPS time of the monitoring node and the shot point for the earthquake production shot point of the day, which are used for data cutting and synthesis; 3) Arranging the seismic records of the detection points corresponding to each shot according to the shot offset to form a common detection point gather; the shot offset refers to the distance between the shot point and the monitoring node; 4) According to the low-speed reduction zone results and the shot point elevation, the common detection point gathers formed in step 3) are subjected to data correction processing to obtain corrected common detection point gathers, and the abnormal shot time window is selected according to the corrected common detection point gathers; 5) According to the shot inspection relationship between the abnormal shot and multiple monitoring nodes in SPS, a common shot point gather record is generated, and energy and spectrum analysis is performed on it to check whether the record quality index corresponding to the abnormal shot is qualified. If the record quality index corresponding to the abnormal shot is unqualified, the abnormal shot is recorded as an unqualified shot.

2. The node acquisition quality control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the abnormal gun is recorded as an unqualified gun, the unqualified gun is replaced in time, or the unqualified gun is disposed of as a waste gun if the waste rate does not exceed the set threshold.

3. The node acquisition quality control method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Multiple monitoring nodes are arranged at intervals using a non-equidistant arrangement, and the locations of the monitoring nodes are set based on whether the traffic is convenient.

4. The node acquisition quality control method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: In step 4), the abnormal shot time window is selected by selecting the seismic record whose background noise is greater than the effective signal in the common detection point gather as the abnormal shot time window.

5. The node acquisition quality control method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The corrected common detection point gathers are displayed in an AGC mode; the AGC mode refers to a display mode in which the gain value of a signal with weak energy is increased and the gain value of a signal with strong energy is reduced through automatic gain control.

6. A node collection quality control system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a processor, wherein the processor is used to execute program instructions to implement the following steps: 1) Dividing the distribution range of the earthquake production blasting points of the day, and using the intervals within the distribution range to deploy multiple monitoring nodes to record all the blasting data of the earthquake production of the day as earthquake records; 2) Download data, make SPS, cut and synthesize the seismic records collected by the monitoring node to obtain the seismic records corresponding to a single detection point; the SPS production refers to defining the coordinates, relative position relationship, elevation and GPS time of the monitoring node and the shot point for the earthquake production point of the day, which are used for data cutting and synthesis; The earthquake records collected by the monitoring nodes are obtained from the monitoring nodes recovered after completing the earthquake production on the day; 3) Arranging the seismic records of the detection points corresponding to each shot according to the shot offset to form a common detection point gather; the shot offset refers to the distance between the shot point and the monitoring node; 4) According to the low-speed reduction zone results and the shot point elevation, the common detection point gathers formed in step 3) are subjected to data correction processing to obtain corrected common detection point gathers, and the abnormal shot time window is selected according to the corrected common detection point gathers; 5) According to the shot inspection relationship between the abnormal shot and multiple monitoring nodes in SPS, a common shot point gather record is generated, and energy and spectrum analysis is performed on it to check whether the record quality index corresponding to the abnormal shot is qualified. If the record quality index corresponding to the abnormal shot is unqualified, the abnormal shot is recorded as an unqualified shot.

7. The node acquisition quality control system according to claim 6, characterized in that: After the abnormal gun is recorded as an unqualified gun, the unqualified gun is replaced in time, or the unqualified gun is disposed of as a waste gun if the waste rate does not exceed the set threshold.

8. The node acquisition quality control system according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: Multiple monitoring nodes are arranged at intervals using a non-equidistant arrangement, and the locations of the monitoring nodes are set based on whether the traffic is convenient.

9. The node acquisition quality control system according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: In step 4), the abnormal shot time window is selected by selecting the seismic record whose background noise is greater than the effective signal in the common detection point gather as the abnormal shot time window.

10. The node acquisition quality control system according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: The corrected common detection point gathers are displayed in an AGC mode; the AGC mode refers to a display mode in which the gain value of a signal with weak energy is increased and the gain value of a signal with strong energy is reduced through automatic gain control.

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