Energy storage battery immersed liquid cooling system with fish scale bionic structure

Abstract

An energy storage battery immersed liquid cooling system with a fish scale bionic structure relates to the technical field of battery immersed liquid cooling, and is characterized in that a cooling liquid flows in a direction perpendicular to the surface of a fish scale plate in the overall flowing direction and partially parallel to the surface of the fish scale plate, quickly skims over the surface of a battery monomer, and performs convective heat exchange with the battery monomer; a large amount of heat is absorbed and the battery temperature is reduced. Meanwhile, when immersed liquid cooling is carried out, evaporation chambers of the loop heat pipes between the adjacent battery monomers are in direct contact with the surfaces of the battery monomers to absorb heat and exchange heat with cooling liquid flowing in the liquid cooling box body 1, and the two cooling modes are coupled, so that the overall cooling efficiency is greatly improved. Air flow generated by an air cooling system in the air cooling box body blows the surface of each condensation chamber for cooling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of battery immersion liquid cooling, and in particular to an energy storage battery immersion liquid cooling system with a fish scale bionic structure. Background Art

[0002] Battery energy storage technology has the characteristics of high efficiency, reliability, flexibility and environmental protection, which makes it have broad application prospects in many fields. Battery energy storage technology mainly stores electricity when there is an oversupply of electricity, and releases electricity during peak periods of electricity consumption to meet the actual needs of the power grid. This can help reduce the load on the power grid, balance the "peak and valley" contradiction between electricity supply and demand, and reduce energy consumption. In addition, battery energy storage technology is widely used in aviation, navigation, communications, military, home and other fields, such as power reserves for aircraft, new energy vehicles and other equipment, backup power supplies for communication base stations, and energy supply for military equipment. In the future, battery energy storage technology will play a role in more fields to promote the sustainable development of energy and environmental protection.

[0003] However, energy storage batteries have high energy density and some materials have relatively low thermal stability. When in a relatively high temperature environment or high rate charge and discharge state, the internal chemical reaction is intense, and the temperature is prone to uncontrollable phenomenon, which in turn causes the battery charge and discharge performance to decline, accelerates aging damage and even causes explosion. Therefore, in order to improve the life and performance of the battery, the battery pack needs to maintain its temperature within a suitable range through reasonable thermal management technology to limit the temperature rise and temperature difference of the battery pack, so as to achieve uniform overall temperature and suitable operating temperature of the battery pack, which is of great significance for promoting the widespread application of battery energy storage technology.

[0004] At present, a variety of cooling systems have been developed for the thermal management of lithium batteries, mainly including air cooling systems, liquid cooling systems, heat pipe cooling systems, phase change cooling systems and combined cooling systems. Among them, air cooling is difficult to meet the heat dissipation requirements of large-scale battery packs at high discharge rates due to its disadvantages such as low heat dissipation efficiency and long heat conduction relaxation time. Phase change cooling needs to be used in combination with other heat dissipation solutions due to the high cost and low thermal conductivity of phase change materials, so it is also difficult to be widely promoted and applied. The advantages of high heat transfer efficiency and lower cost make immersion liquid cooling a battery thermal management method with great development potential, and related research has grown rapidly in recent years. The battery is immersed in a non-conductive liquid medium, so that the heat generated by the battery is evenly conducted. The direct contact between the heat exchange medium and the battery reduces the contact thermal resistance and improves the heat exchange efficiency. However, the battery module temperature of the energy storage power station fluctuates rapidly and the environment is harsh. In order to reduce the adverse effects of self-generated heat on the battery performance during battery operation and truly realize the mature application of immersion liquid cooling technology in the field of energy storage battery thermal management, it must be further optimized. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the above technologies, the present invention provides an energy storage battery immersion liquid cooling system with a fish scale bionic structure for improving cooling efficiency.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to overcome the technical problems is:

[0007] An energy storage battery immersion liquid cooling system with a fish scale bionic structure, comprising:

[0008] A liquid cooling box body, the top of which is open and a liquid cooling chamber is formed inside;

[0009] N battery modules are fixed on the bottom plate I of the liquid cooling box, and each battery module is composed of M battery cells fixed by a fixing device;

[0010] A fish scale plate is attached to the front surface or the surface of each of the two battery cells, and the outer end of each fish scale plate is in contact with the evaporation chamber of the loop heat pipe;

[0011] The coolant supply system is arranged in the liquid cooling box, and the coolant supply system injects the coolant into the liquid cooling cavity from the upper end;

[0012] The air-cooled box is sealed on all sides and has a closed air-cooled cavity inside. The condensation chamber of each loop heat pipe is located in the air-cooled cavity. One end of the condensation chamber passes through the bottom plate II of the air-cooled box through the working fluid channel and is connected to one end of the corresponding evaporation chamber. The other end of the condensation chamber passes through the bottom plate II of the air-cooled box through the steam channel and is connected to the other end of the corresponding evaporation chamber; and

[0013] The air cooling system is arranged on the air cooling box, and the air cooling system generates airflow in the air cooling cavity that flows through each condensation chamber. Furthermore, the bottom plate I is provided with N×M card slots, and the bottom of each battery cell is inserted into the corresponding card slot.

[0014] Preferably, the value of N is 2, and the two battery modules are parallel to each other.

[0015] Furthermore, the fish scale plate is composed of P rows of fish scale groups stacked from top to bottom, and each fish scale group is composed of Q semicircular metal sheets arranged in the left-right direction.

[0016] Furthermore, the fixing device is an annular steel belt, which is bundled around the periphery of each battery cell.

[0017] In order to prevent damage to the battery cells, end plates are attached to the left and right ends of each battery module.

[0018] Furthermore, the above-mentioned coolant supply system includes a plurality of infusion tubes installed horizontally along the left-right direction at the upper end of the liquid cooling box, the front end of the liquid cooling box is provided with a liquid inlet, and the rear end thereof is provided with a liquid outlet, the front end of the infusion tube (15) is connected to the liquid inlet, and the rear end thereof is connected to the liquid outlet, the liquid inlet is connected to the outlet end of the coolant pump, and the liquid outlet is connected to the inlet end of the coolant pump, a plurality of temperature control valves are provided on the infusion tube, the liquid outlet pipeline is connected to the outlet of the temperature control valve, and the liquid outlet pipeline is located above the battery module.

[0019] Furthermore, the infusion tube is made of PVC material.

[0020] Furthermore, the air cooling system includes a fan installed at the front end of the air cooling box, a plurality of exhaust slots arranged at the rear end of the air cooling box, and a plurality of air holes respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the air cooling box, and the wind direction of the fan is toward the rear end of the air cooling box.

[0021] Furthermore, the fan blades are made of stainless steel.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0023] Fish scale plates are arranged on the surface of the battery cells. The fish scale structure of the fish scale plates has excellent self-cleaning function and resistance characteristics. When the fluid passes through this structure, it flows along its fish scale lines to form a fluctuating flow. This flow will stimulate the self-vibration of the fish scale structure, thereby cleaning the dirt on the battery surface. At the same time, since the rhythm of the fluid on the fish scale surface will affect the flow of the coolant around it, the energy loss through the structure is small, so it can reduce the resistance of the coolant when flowing through the battery surface. In terms of heat dissipation, the fish scale surface structure can expand the effective heat transfer area while hindering the full development of the thermal boundary layer, thereby promoting the heat dissipation process on the battery surface.

[0024] The present invention arranges a loop heat pipe between two battery cells. The evaporation chamber of the loop heat pipe can directly contact the surface of the battery cell to absorb heat, and can also conduct convection heat exchange with the flowing coolant, playing the role of cooling and turbulence at the same time. When the battery temperature is low, the battery can be cooled only by the loop heat pipe, which improves the economy. This system includes both immersion cooling and heat pipe cooling, greatly improving the overall heat dissipation performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the metal sheet part of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 A three-dimensional structural diagram of a battery module of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 A top view of the battery module of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the liquid cooling box body of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the air-cooling box body of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 It is a main structural diagram of the loop heat pipe part of the present invention;

[0032] In the figure, 1. liquid cooling box 2. air cooling box 3. liquid inlet 4. fan 5. metal sheet 6. bottom plate I 7. battery cell 8. fish scale plate 9. end plate 10. steel belt 11. battery module 12. temperature control valve 13. liquid outlet pipeline 14. liquid outlet 15. liquid infusion tube 16. evaporation chamber 17. condensation chamber 18. working liquid channel 19. steam channel 20. bottom plate II 21. exhaust slot 22. air vent. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following is combined with Figure 1 To Attachment Figure 7 The present invention is further described.

[0034] An immersion liquid cooling system for energy storage batteries with a fish scale bionic structure comprises: a liquid cooling box 1, the top of which is open and a liquid cooling chamber is formed inside; N battery modules 11, fixed on a bottom plate Ⅰ6 of the liquid cooling box 1, each battery module 11 is composed of M battery cells 7 and fixed by a fixing device; fish scale plates 8, attached to the front surface and rear surface of every two battery cells 7, the outer end of each fish scale plate 8 is in contact with an evaporation chamber 16 of a loop heat pipe; a cooling liquid supply system, arranged in the liquid cooling box 1, the cooling liquid supply system supplies cooling liquid The liquid is injected into the liquid cooling cavity from the upper end; the air-cooling box 1 is sealed on all sides and has a closed air-cooling cavity inside. The condensation chamber 17 of each loop heat pipe is located in the air-cooling cavity. One end of the condensation chamber 17 passes through the bottom plate Ⅱ20 of the air-cooling box 1 through the working liquid channel 18 and is connected to one end of the corresponding evaporation chamber 16. The other end passes through the bottom plate Ⅱ20 of the air-cooling box 1 through the steam channel 19 and is connected to the other end of the corresponding evaporation chamber 16; and the air-cooling system is arranged on the air-cooling box 1. The air-cooling system generates airflows flowing through each condensation chamber 17 in the air-cooling cavity. The coolant is sprayed onto the battery module 11 through the coolant supply system. The coolant flows perpendicularly to the surface of the fish scale plate 8 in the overall flow direction, and flows in a direction parallel to the surface of the fish scale plate 8 locally and quickly passes over the surface of the battery cell 7, performs convection heat exchange with the battery cell 7, absorbs a large amount of heat, and reduces the battery temperature. At the same time, while performing immersion liquid cooling, the evaporation chamber 16 of the loop heat pipe between adjacent battery cells 7 directly contacts the surface of the battery cells 7 to absorb heat, and at the same time exchanges heat with the coolant flowing in the liquid cooling box 1. The two cooling methods are coupled to greatly improve the overall cooling efficiency. After absorbing heat, the evaporation chamber 16 heats the refrigerant in the loop heat pipe into steam, which then enters the condensation chamber 17 through the steam channel 19. The air cooling system in the air cooling box 2 generates airflow to blow over the surface of each condensation chamber 17 to cool it down. After the cooling, the refrigerant becomes liquid and flows back to the evaporation chamber 16 through the working liquid channel 18 to achieve circulation.

[0035] In one embodiment of the present invention, N×M slots are provided on the bottom plate Ⅰ6, and the bottom of each battery cell 7 is inserted into the corresponding slot. In this embodiment, N is 2, and the two battery modules are parallel to each other. In one embodiment of the present invention, the fish scale plate 8 is composed of P rows of fish scale groups stacked from top to bottom, and each fish scale group is composed of Q semicircular metal sheets 5 arranged in the left and right directions. The staggered arrangement of the metal sheets 5 helps to strengthen the connection between the structures and form a tight protective layer.

[0036] In one embodiment of the present invention, the fixing device is an annular steel belt 10, and the steel belt 10 is bundled around the periphery of each battery cell 7. The steel belt 10 is used to fix each battery cell, which has a simple structure and is easy to install.

[0037] In one embodiment of the present invention, end plates 9 are respectively attached to the left and right ends of each battery module 11. Providing the end plates 9 at the outermost sides of the front and rear ends of the battery module 11 can not only improve the overall rigidity of the entire battery module 11, but also prevent the steel belt 10 from damaging the battery cells 7 at the outer ends when fixing each battery cell 7, further improving the reliability of use.

[0038] In one embodiment of the present invention, the coolant supply system can be the following structure, which includes a plurality of infusion tubes 15 horizontally installed at the upper end of the liquid cooling box 1 along the left and right directions, the front end of the liquid cooling box 1 is provided with a liquid inlet 3, and the rear end thereof is provided with a liquid outlet 14, the front end of the infusion tube 15 is connected to the liquid inlet 3, and the rear end thereof is connected to the liquid outlet 14, the liquid inlet 3 is connected to the outlet end of the coolant pump, and the liquid outlet 14 is connected to the inlet end of the coolant pump, and a plurality of temperature control valves 12 are provided on the infusion tube 15, and the liquid outlet pipeline 13 is connected to the outlet of the temperature control valve 12, and the liquid outlet pipeline 13 is located above the battery module 11. The coolant pump delivers the coolant into the input pipe 15 through the liquid inlet 3, and each temperature control valve 12 adjusts the valve body opening according to the temperature, so that the throttled coolant is sprayed onto each battery module 11 through the liquid outlet pipe 13. When the coolant flows, it passes over the surface of the fish scale plate 8 and exchanges heat with the battery cell 7. The coolant after heat exchange flows back to the coolant pump through the liquid outlet 14 to achieve circulation. In this embodiment, preferably, the infusion tube 15 is made of PVC material. Furthermore, the liquid outlet pipe 13 of the present invention is parallel to the surface of the fish scale plate 8, so that the coolant near the surface of the battery cell 7 has a higher flow rate and better heat exchange performance. At the same time, the liquid outlet pipe 13 is arranged on the left and right sides of the battery module 11, and a cross arrangement is selected. The coolant flows alternately inside the liquid cooling box 1, thereby improving the cooling efficiency of the immersion liquid cooling.

[0039] In one embodiment of the present invention, the air cooling system can be the following structure, which includes a fan 4 installed at the front end of the air cooling box 2, a plurality of exhaust slots 21 arranged at the rear end of the air cooling box 2, and a plurality of air holes 22 respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the air cooling box 2, and the wind direction of the fan 4 is toward the rear end of the air cooling box 2. The airflow generated when the fan 4 rotates flows through the surface of the condensation chamber 17 of each loop heat pipe in the air cooling box 2, takes away the heat of the condensation chamber 17, and the hot air is discharged from the exhaust slot 21. The air holes 22 at both ends of the air cooling box 2 can promote air flow and facilitate heat dissipation of the circulating heat pipe. In this embodiment, the fan blades of the fan 4 are made of stainless steel material, and the fan blades made of stainless steel material can ensure the stability of the fan 4 during operation. Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, for those skilled in the art, it is still possible to modify the technical solutions recorded in the above embodiments, or to replace some of the technical features therein with equivalents. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An immersion liquid cooling system for energy storage batteries with a fish scale bionic structure, characterized in that: include: A liquid cooling box (1) with an open top and a liquid cooling chamber formed inside; N battery modules (11) are fixed on the bottom plate I (6) of the liquid cooling box (1), and each battery module (11) is composed of M battery cells (7) fixed by a fixing device; Fish scale plates (8) are attached to the front surface and the rear surface of each two battery cells (7), and the outer end of each fish scale plate (8) is in contact with the evaporation chamber (16) of the loop heat pipe; A coolant supply system is arranged in the liquid cooling box (1), and the coolant supply system injects the coolant into the liquid cooling cavity from the upper end; The air-cooling box (1) is sealed on all sides and has a closed air-cooling cavity inside. The condensing chamber (17) of each loop heat pipe is located in the air-cooling cavity. One end of the condensing chamber (17) passes through the bottom plate II (20) of the air-cooling box (1) through a working fluid channel (18) and is connected to one end of the corresponding evaporation chamber (16). The other end of the condensing chamber (17) passes through the bottom plate II (20) of the air-cooling box (1) through a steam channel (19) and is connected to the other end of the corresponding evaporation chamber (16); and The air cooling system is arranged on the air cooling box (1), and generates an air flow in the air cooling cavity that flows through each condensation chamber (17).

2. The energy storage battery immersion liquid cooling system with fish scale bionic structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The bottom plate I (6) is provided with N×M slots, and the bottom of each battery cell (7) is inserted into the corresponding slot.

3. The energy storage battery immersion liquid cooling system with fish scale bionic structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The value of N is 2, and the two battery modules are parallel to each other.

4. The energy storage battery immersion liquid cooling system with fish scale bionic structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The fish scale plate (8) is composed of P rows of fish scale groups stacked from top to bottom, and each fish scale group is composed of Q semicircular metal sheets (5) arranged in the left-right direction.

5. The energy storage battery immersion liquid cooling system with fish scale bionic structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The fixing device is an annular steel belt (10), and the steel belt (10) is bundled around the periphery of each battery cell (7).

6. The energy storage battery immersion liquid cooling system with fish scale bionic structure according to claim 5 is characterized in that: End plates (9) are respectively adhered to the left and right ends of each battery module (11).

7. The energy storage battery immersion liquid cooling system with fish scale bionic structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The cooling liquid supply system comprises a plurality of liquid infusion pipes (15) installed horizontally at the upper end of a liquid cooling box (1) along the left-right direction. The front end of the liquid cooling box (1) is provided with a liquid inlet (3), and the rear end thereof is provided with a liquid outlet (14). The front end of the liquid infusion pipe (15) is connected to the liquid inlet (3), and the rear end thereof is connected to the liquid outlet (14). The liquid inlet (3) is connected to the outlet end of a cooling liquid pump, and the liquid outlet (14) is connected to the inlet end of the cooling liquid pump. The liquid infusion pipe (15) is provided with a plurality of temperature control valves (12). The liquid outlet pipeline (13) is connected to the outlet of the temperature control valve (12), and the liquid outlet pipeline (13) is located above the battery module (11).

8. The energy storage battery immersion liquid cooling system with fish scale bionic structure according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The infusion tube (15) is made of PVC material.

9. The energy storage battery immersion liquid cooling system with fish scale bionic structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The air cooling system comprises a fan (4) installed at the front end of the air cooling box (2), a plurality of exhaust slots (21) arranged at the rear end of the air cooling box (2), and a plurality of air holes (22) respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the air cooling box (2), and the wind direction of the fan (4) is toward the rear end of the air cooling box (2).

10. The energy storage battery immersion liquid cooling system with fish scale bionic structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: The fan blades of the fan (4) are made of stainless steel.

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