Unmanned aerial vehicle airborne split type communication antenna based on Beidou short message

Abstract

The invention relates to an unmanned aerial vehicle airborne split type communication antenna based on a Beidou short message, and aims to solve a plurality of problems in the design of an existing Beidou short message terminal, such as signal interference, aerodynamic resistance, installation position limitation and the like. The antenna system adopts a split type design, the antenna is separated from the terminal main body, the electromagnetic interference is reduced, and the signal receiving quality is optimized. The antenna adopts a water-drop-shaped streamline design, so that the air resistance during flight is effectively reduced, and the cruising ability and the flight stability of the unmanned aerial vehicle are improved. The modular design enables the equipment to be easy to maintain and upgrade, adapts to various unmanned aerial vehicle application scenes, and significantly improves the communication efficiency and flight performance of the unmanned aerial vehicle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an airborne split communication antenna for an unmanned aerial vehicle based on Beidou short messages. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of UAV technology, especially its wide application in agriculture, surveying and mapping, logistics, disaster monitoring and other fields, the requirements of UAVs for communication equipment are also increasing. Beidou short message communication technology, as a satellite communication system independently developed by China, can be applied to the field of UAV communications due to its wide coverage and strong anti-interference ability. The application of Beidou short message terminals on UAVs can realize functions such as remote information transmission and real-time positioning, and is an important communication guarantee for UAVs to perform missions. However, the existing Beidou short message terminals have many shortcomings in design and application, which limits their application effect in UAVs.

[0003] First, most of the current Beidou short message terminals use an integrated antenna design. Although this design is simple in structure, it brings a series of problems. Since the antenna is tightly integrated with the terminal body, the antenna is easily affected by the internal electromagnetic interference sources of the drone (such as motors, electronic speed regulators, etc.), resulting in unstable communication quality. Especially in the case of complex electromagnetic environment, signal attenuation and loss are particularly serious.

[0004] Secondly, the existing Beidou short message terminal does not fully consider the aerodynamic performance of the UAV in its design. The terminal usually adopts a square or irregular shape structure. When the UAV flies at high speed, the air resistance increases significantly, which not only increases the energy consumption of the UAV, but also may affect the flight stability and shorten the flight time. Especially in the case of complex missions and harsh flight environments, unreasonable terminal appearance design will directly affect the overall performance of the UAV.

[0005] Third, the traditional Beidou short message terminal also has many inconveniences in installation and maintenance. The integrated design limits the installation position of the antenna, making it difficult to flexibly adjust according to the different structures and application requirements of the drone, resulting in poor antenna signal reception. At the same time, when replacement or upgrading is required, the operation is complicated and time-consuming, which increases the cost of use and reduces the adaptability and practicality of the equipment.

[0006] In summary, how to design a Beidou short message terminal that can improve signal reception quality, reduce aerodynamic drag, and have good installation flexibility and easy maintainability has become an important direction for the development of current UAV communication technology and a problem that needs to be solved urgently.

[0007] (1) Signal interference: Existing Beidou short message terminals usually use an integrated antenna design, which is easily interfered by electromagnetic noise inside the drone in actual applications, such as electromagnetic radiation from motors, electronic speed controllers (ESCs), and other electronic equipment. These interferences will cause the reception quality of Beidou signals to be unstable, affecting the real-time positioning and communication capabilities of drones. Especially when flying in complex environments, signal interruption or increased errors may cause the drone to fail to complete its intended mission or pose a safety hazard.

[0008] (2) Aerodynamic drag problem: An example of a traditional Beidou short message terminal is Figure 1 As shown in the figure, most of them adopt square or irregular shapes. Such a design fails to fully consider aerodynamic performance, resulting in greater air resistance on the terminal surface when the drone is flying at high speed, which in turn increases the energy consumption of the drone, reduces the endurance time, and reduces the flight efficiency. In addition, the integrated antenna design of the traditional Beidou short message limits its installation position, and the signal reception angle cannot be flexibly adjusted, affecting the signal strength and communication quality.

[0009] (3) Maintenance and upgrade issues: The integrated design makes the maintenance and upgrade of the terminal complicated. The complex structural design increases the manufacturing and maintenance costs of the terminal. When the antenna needs to be replaced or upgraded, it is usually necessary to disassemble the entire terminal device, which increases the complexity and time cost of the operation. At the same time, the integrated design limits the flexibility of the antenna, and it cannot be quickly adjusted or replaced according to different mission requirements, which is not conducive to the diverse application scenarios of drones. Summary of the invention

[0010] According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided an unmanned aerial vehicle airborne split communication antenna based on Beidou short message, which is characterized by comprising:

[0011] Airborne Beidou short message terminal, and

[0012] Split communication antenna,

[0013] in:

[0014] The airborne Beidou short message terminal includes:

[0015] Terminal cover,

[0016] Terminal base plate,

[0017] Control switch,

[0018] Antenna L interface,

[0019] Data communication interface,

[0020] Antenna S interface,

[0021] Antenna B1 interface,

[0022] Beidou positioning module,

[0023] Data transmission module,

[0024] Data acquisition module,

[0025] External antenna L conversion module,

[0026] Data communication conversion module,

[0027] External antenna S conversion module,

[0028] External antenna B1 conversion module,

[0029] Split communication antenna,

[0030] Split communication antenna interface,

[0031] The split communication antenna includes a teardrop-shaped fairing, a communication antenna body and a communication antenna bottom plate. The communication antenna shape includes the teardrop-shaped fairing and the communication antenna bottom plate. The communication antenna body is installed in the communication antenna shape.

[0032] The communication antenna body is connected to the antenna L interface, the antenna S interface, and the antenna B1 interface through the first antenna feeder, the second antenna feeder, and the third antenna feeder respectively.

[0033] The split communication antenna is used to be installed outside the fuselage of the drone, located above the fuselage.

[0034] The front end of the teardrop-shaped fairing is a smooth curved surface, which is used to effectively guide the airflow, reduce airflow separation and / or reduce the resistance caused by turbulence. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 Shows the appearance of a traditional Beidou short message terminal.

[0036] Figure 2 The figure shows the appearance of a Beidou short message terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 3 The internal structure of a Beidou short message terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0038] Figure 4 The figure shows the appearance of a split communication antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 5 The figure shows a connection method between a Beidou short message terminal and a split communication antenna onboard a UAV according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 6An example of installing a split communication antenna on a drone according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0041] Figure 7 is a structural diagram of a split-type communication antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 8 It is a system diagram of the UAV according to the present invention being connected to a ground station via a Beidou short message terminal. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] In order to solve the above problems in the prior art, the present invention proposes a Beidou short message terminal with a split communication antenna, which aims to improve the signal reception quality through innovative structural design, optimize the appearance to reduce aerodynamic resistance, and enhance the adaptability and maintenance convenience of the terminal.

[0044] like Figure 2 -5 is a Beidou short message terminal with a split communication antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 The device has the appearance of a Beidou short message terminal, comprising a terminal upper cover (1), a terminal bottom plate (2), a control switch (3), an indicator light (4), an antenna L interface (5), a data communication interface (6), an antenna S interface (7), and an antenna B1 interface (8). Figure 3 The internal structure of a Beidou short message terminal comprises a Beidou positioning module (9), a data transmission module (10), a data acquisition module (11), an external antenna L conversion module (12), a data communication conversion module (13), an external antenna S conversion module (14), and an external antenna B1 conversion module (15). Figure 4 The invention has the appearance of a split communication antenna onboard a drone, and comprises a split communication antenna (16) and a split communication antenna interface (17).

[0045] Independent antenna module:

[0046] The present invention adopts a split communication antenna design, and separates the split communication antenna (16) from the terminal body including other parts of the Beidou short message terminal to form an independent antenna module. The antenna module is connected to three interfaces of the terminal body, namely, the antenna L interface (5), the antenna S interface (7), and the antenna B1 interface (8), through a high-performance coaxial cable to ensure the stability of signal transmission. For details on the connection method between the terminal body of the Beidou short message terminal and the split communication antenna, see Figure 5 , wherein the split communication antenna (16) and the terminal body (21) are connected via three coaxial cables: a first antenna feeder (18), a second antenna feeder (19), and a third antenna feeder (20).

[0047] Teardrop-shaped fairing antenna design:

[0048] Traditional Beidou short message communication antennas are mostly flat-panel antennas built into short message terminals. Figure 1 This shape does not take aerodynamic performance into consideration and is not suitable for direct installation on a drone.

[0049] In view of this problem, the present invention innovatively designs a split communication antenna (16), wherein the split communication antenna (16) comprises a streamlined teardrop-shaped fairing, which can significantly reduce air resistance and improve the stability and endurance of the UAV during high-speed flight.

[0050] The structure of the split communication antenna according to one embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 7 , wherein a teardrop-shaped fairing (20) and a communication antenna base plate (22) together form the appearance of the communication antenna, and a communication antenna body (21) is installed in the teardrop-shaped fairing.

[0051] The teardrop-shaped fairing is designed as a smooth curved surface at the front end, which effectively guides the airflow, reduces the airflow separation phenomenon, and reduces the resistance caused by turbulence. The teardrop-shaped fairing (20) and the communication antenna base plate (22) are made of lightweight and high-strength materials, such as carbon fiber or composite materials, which reduce weight while providing sufficient structural strength to ensure stable performance in harsh environments.

[0052] The airborne Beidou short message terminal and the split communication antenna can be flexibly installed on the top of the fuselage according to the structural characteristics of the drone, away from the electromagnetic interference source, to minimize signal interference. Figure 6 ; Figure 6 A split communication antenna (16) is installed on the top of the fuselage of the medium-sized unmanned aerial vehicle (22). The external placement of the split communication antenna (16) reduces signal interference, and the aerodynamic shape design of the water droplet-shaped fairing reduces resistance, and the medium-sized unmanned aerial vehicle (22) is suitable for a variety of unmanned aerial vehicles.

[0053] Modular design of Beidou short message terminal:

[0054] The Beidou short message terminal in the present invention adopts a modular design, and each module is connected by a standardized interface, which is easy to disassemble and maintain. When the antenna needs to be upgraded or replaced, the operator only needs to replace the antenna module without disassembling the entire terminal. This modular design not only simplifies maintenance work, but also improves the scalability and flexibility of the terminal, and adapts to a variety of application scenarios.

[0055] Low power optimization:

[0056] The present invention adopts an advanced low-power chipset to significantly reduce the power consumption of the terminal without affecting performance. This not only prolongs the flight time of the drone, but also reduces the heat generation of the device and improves the stability of the overall system.

[0057] Reliable connection between drone and ground station:

[0058] like Figure 8 As shown, the flight control communication interface of the UAV is connected to the data communication interface (6), and the data transmitted by the flight control is sent to the airborne Beidou short message terminal through the data communication interface (6), and the airborne Beidou short message terminal then sends the data to the Beidou satellite. After receiving the data, the Beidou satellite forwards it to the ground Beidou short message terminal, and the ground Beidou short message terminal transmits the data to the ground station. The ground station sends the data to the Beidou satellite through the ground Beidou short message, and the Beidou satellite receives the data and forwards it to the airborne Beidou short message terminal, and the airborne Beidou short message terminal sends it to the flight control of the UAV through the data communication interface (6). The connection between the ground station and the UAV is achieved through the above-mentioned two-way communication cycle. The short message function of the Beidou satellite system is used to ensure that the UAV can still communicate reliably in areas with weak radio network coverage, which is particularly suitable for UAVs to perform tasks such as remote monitoring, disaster relief, and environmental detection.

[0059] Advantages and / or beneficial effects of the present invention include:

[0060] (1) Improved signal reception quality: Through the split communication antenna design, the present invention isolates the antenna from the equipment that generates electromagnetic interference inside the drone, effectively reducing interference from electronic equipment such as motors and ESC. The antenna can be flexibly installed in a location far away from the interference source, significantly improving the reception quality of the Beidou signal, allowing the drone to maintain stable communication and positioning functions when flying in complex environments, and reducing the risk of signal interruption and positioning errors.

[0061] (2) Optimized installation position and enhanced adaptability: The split communication antenna design makes the installation position of the antenna no longer restricted. It can be flexibly arranged according to the structural characteristics of different drones to ensure that the antenna is always in the best signal receiving position. At the same time, the angle of the antenna can be adjusted according to the flight attitude of the drone to ensure that stable signals can be received in various flight states, thereby improving the communication efficiency and reliability of the Beidou short message terminal.

[0062] (3) Reduced aerodynamic drag and improved flight performance: The present invention adopts a teardrop-shaped fairing design for the split communication antenna, which significantly reduces the air drag generated by the Beidou short message terminal when the UAV is flying at high speed. This not only reduces energy consumption and extends the flight time, but also improves flight stability and safety. Especially in the face of strong winds or high-speed movement, the streamlined design of the terminal helps to maintain the stable flight of the UAV.

[0063] (4) Reduced weight and simplified structure: Through the split communication antenna design, the antenna and terminal body can optimize their structures separately, reducing the overall weight and simplifying the design of the drone. This helps to improve the flight efficiency of the drone and extend its flight time. At the same time, the simplified structure also reduces manufacturing and maintenance costs, increasing the market competitiveness of the product.

[0064] (5) Easy maintenance and upgrade: The split communication antenna design makes antenna maintenance and upgrade more convenient and quick. When the antenna needs to be replaced or upgraded, the operator does not need to dismantle the entire terminal device, but only needs to adjust or replace the antenna part. This design increases the flexibility and adaptability of the terminal, and can better meet the application scenarios of drones with different mission requirements.

Claims

1. A split communication antenna for drones based on Beidou short messages, characterized in that include: Airborne Beidou short message terminal, and Split communication antenna (16), in: The airborne Beidou short message terminal includes: Terminal cover (1), Terminal base plate (2), Control switch (3), Antenna L interface (5), Data communication interface (6), Antenna S interface (7), Antenna B1 interface (8), Beidou positioning module (9), Data transmission module (10), Data acquisition module (11), External antenna L conversion module (12), Data communication conversion module (13), External antenna S conversion module (14), External antenna B1 conversion module (15), Split communication antenna (16), Split communication antenna interface (17), The split communication antenna (16) comprises a water drop-shaped fairing (20), a communication antenna body (21) and a communication antenna bottom plate (22); the communication antenna shape comprises the water drop-shaped fairing (20) and the communication antenna bottom plate (22); the communication antenna body (21) is installed in the communication antenna shape; The communication antenna body (21) is connected to the antenna L interface (5), the antenna S interface (7), and the antenna B1 interface (8) respectively through a first antenna feeder (18), a second antenna feeder (19), and a third antenna feeder (20); the split communication antenna (16) is used to be installed outside the fuselage of the unmanned aerial vehicle (22), located above the fuselage; the front end of the teardrop-shaped fairing (20) is a smooth curved surface, which is used to effectively guide the airflow, reduce airflow separation and / or reduce the resistance caused by turbulence.

2. The UAV airborne split communication antenna based on Beidou short message according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The teardrop-shaped fairing (20) and / or the communication antenna base plate (22) are made of light and high-strength materials.

3. The UAV airborne split communication antenna based on Beidou short message according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The teardrop-shaped fairing (20) and / or the communication antenna base plate (22) are made of carbon fiber or composite material.

4. The UAV airborne split communication antenna based on Beidou short message according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The flight control communication interface of the drone is connected to the data communication interface (6). The data transmitted by the flight control is sent to the airborne Beidou short message terminal through the data communication interface (6). The airborne Beidou short message terminal then sends the data to the Beidou satellite. After receiving the data, the Beidou satellite forwards it to the ground Beidou short message terminal. The ground-based Beidou short message terminal transmits data to the ground station. The ground station sends data to the Beidou satellite via ground-based Beidou short messages. After receiving the data, the Beidou satellite forwards it to the airborne Beidou short message terminal, and the airborne Beidou short message terminal sends it to the flight control of the unmanned aerial vehicle through the data communication interface (6).

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