A multi-mode wave-excited triboelectric nanogenerator

Abstract

The present invention provides a multi-mode wave-excited friction nano-power generation device, comprising a first shell, a liquid-solid friction power generation unit and two contact-separation friction power generation units; when the power generation device sways back and forth due to wave energy, the liquid-solid friction power generation unit slides left and right in the first shell in the horizontal direction and generates alternating current based on liquid-solid friction nano-power generation; at the same time, the two contact-separation friction power generation units are alternately compressed and stretched, and contact-separation friction nano-power generation is performed respectively during the cyclic expansion and contraction process to generate alternating current; in addition, solid-solid friction power generation can be introduced to further increase the power generation power; by combining the three modes of contact-separation friction, liquid-solid friction and solid-solid sliding friction, the present invention can achieve multi-dimensional energy capture and conversion, while improving the power generation power and efficiency; in addition, the generator structure is simple in design, achieving low-cost manufacturing, and is suitable for capturing and utilizing large-scale ocean wave energy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of wave energy power generation, and more specifically, to a multi-mode wave-excited friction nano-power generation device. Background Art

[0002] With the growing global demand for renewable energy, traditional fossil fuel energy faces depletion and environmental pollution, which in turn drives the exploration and development of clean energy. Among the many renewable energy sources, wave energy has great potential, especially in oceans and coastal areas, where it can serve as a stable and sustainable energy source. However, current wave energy harvesting technologies on the market have certain limitations, especially complex equipment, high costs, and low efficiency, which hinder their large-scale commercial application. Therefore, how to effectively harvest energy from environmental dynamic energy such as wave energy has become a major issue in the current technology field.

[0003] Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs), as an emerging energy harvesting technology, have attracted widespread attention in recent years. TENGs convert mechanical energy into electrical energy through triboelectric and electrostatic induction effects, making them particularly suitable for energy harvesting from low-frequency and small-amplitude motions. TENGs offer advantages such as simple structure, low cost, and a wide variety of materials, making them particularly suitable for capturing and converting environmental energy such as waves, vibrations, and wind.

[0004] Currently, there are four main operating modes of friction nanogenerators: contact-separation mode, sliding mode, single-electrode mode, and free vibration mode. These modes have demonstrated good energy conversion efficiency in different application scenarios, but the power generation efficiency of a single mode is relatively limited and cannot fully utilize the various energy forms in complex dynamic environments. Especially in the field of wave energy capture, a single contact-separation or sliding friction mode is difficult to cope with the multi-dimensional motion and complex energy characteristics of waves. Wave motion not only has periodic vertical lifting motion, but also horizontal reciprocating sliding motion, which makes it impossible for a single friction mode to fully utilize the mechanical energy provided by the waves. Multi-mode composite friction nano-power generation technology is expected to become an effective way to improve power generation efficiency. For example, by combining multiple friction modes, such as contact-separation friction, sliding friction, liquid-solid friction, etc., energy can be captured in different dimensions, significantly improving the overall energy conversion efficiency of the generator.

[0005] In recent years, researchers have proposed triboelectric structures based on different material combinations to enhance the strength of the triboelectric effect. For example, commonly used friction materials include polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), nylon, silicone rubber, copper, and aluminum. By selecting materials with large differences in electronegativity, the charge separation effect can be enhanced, thereby improving power generation efficiency. In addition, liquid-solid friction technology has also gradually gained attention. The fluidity of liquids enables them to form continuous frictional contact with solid materials, thereby achieving more efficient energy collection. However, most current wave energy capture devices based on triboelectric nanopower generation technology rely on a single friction mode, resulting in low power generation efficiency and difficulty in coping with complex wave energy environments. At the same time, existing wave energy power generation equipment is relatively complex in structural design and has high manufacturing costs, which limits its promotion in practical applications. Therefore, how to fully utilize the multi-dimensional energy characteristics of waves through multi-mode composite triboelectric nanopower generation technology while maintaining a simple structure and low cost has become the focus of current technology research and development. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to overcome the defects of the above-mentioned existing technologies that are difficult to efficiently capture wave energy in different dimensions and the generator structure is complex and costly, the present invention provides a multi-mode wave-excited friction nano-power generation device. By combining the three modes of contact-separation friction, liquid-solid friction and solid-solid sliding friction, multi-dimensional energy capture and conversion are achieved under the vertical rise and fall and horizontal reciprocating motion of waves, while improving the power generation efficiency. In addition, the generator structure is simple in design, low-cost manufacturing is achieved, and it is suitable for the capture and utilization of large-scale ocean wave energy.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solutions of the present invention are as follows:

[0008] A multi-mode wave-excited triboelectric nano-power generation device comprises: a first shell, a liquid-solid triboelectric generation unit, a first contact-separation triboelectric generation unit, and a second contact-separation triboelectric generation unit;

[0009] The liquid-solid friction power generation unit is arranged on the bottom plate of the first shell and can slide in the first shell in a horizontal direction;

[0010] The first contact-separation friction power generation unit and the second contact-separation friction power generation unit are both retractable structures, and are fixedly arranged at the left and right ends of the liquid-solid friction power generation unit respectively; the first contact-separation friction power generation unit and the second contact-separation friction power generation unit are also fixedly connected to the left and right inner walls of the first shell respectively;

[0011] When the multi-mode wave-excited friction nano-power generation device swings back and forth due to wave energy, the liquid-solid friction power generation unit slides left and right in the first shell in the horizontal direction and generates alternating current based on liquid-solid friction nano-power generation; at the same time, the first contact-separation friction power generation unit and the second contact-separation friction power generation unit are alternately compressed and stretched, and contact-separation friction nano-power generation is performed respectively during the cyclic expansion and contraction process to generate alternating current; the alternating current generated by the liquid-solid friction power generation unit and the two contact-separation friction power generation units are jointly derived to realize multi-mode wave-excited friction nano-power generation.

[0012] Preferably, the liquid-solid friction power generation unit includes a second shell, the inner wall of the bottom plate of the first shell is provided with a first conductive layer, and the first conductive layer is covered with a first friction layer;

[0013] The outer wall of the bottom plate of the second shell is provided with a second conductive layer, and the second conductive layer is covered with a second friction layer;

[0014] The first friction layer and the second friction layer have opposite material polarities;

[0015] The liquid-solid friction power generation unit slides left and right in the first shell in the horizontal direction, driving the second friction layer and the first friction layer to slide and rub relative to each other, generating charge transfer, and inducing induced charges on the second conductive layer and the first conductive layer respectively. The induced charges are led out through external wires to generate alternating current; the alternating current generated by the liquid-solid friction power generation unit, the two contact-separation friction power generation units, and the first friction layer and the second friction layer are jointly derived to realize multi-mode wave-excited friction nanopower generation.

[0016] Preferably, the liquid-solid friction power generation unit is provided with a plurality of parallel liquid-solid friction nano-power generation cores;

[0017] Each of the liquid-solid friction nano-power generation cores has the same structure, including an outer tube, friction liquid and an external sensing electrode;

[0018] The outer tube is a hollow sealed structure, the friction liquid is arranged inside the outer tube, and the external sensing electrode is arranged on the outer wall of the outer tube; the material of the outer tube and the friction liquid have opposite polarities;

[0019] The liquid-solid friction power generation unit slides left and right in the first shell in the horizontal direction. The friction liquid in each liquid-solid friction nano-power generation core rubs against the inner wall of the outer tube, generating charge transfer and inducing induced charges on the external induction electrodes. The induced charges are led out through external wires to generate alternating current.

[0020] Preferably, the first contact-separation friction power generation unit and the second contact-separation friction power generation unit each comprise: a plurality of substrates arranged at intervals, wherein two adjacent substrates are connected by an elastic connection member;

[0021] A third conductive layer and a fourth conductive layer are respectively provided on both sides of the substrate; the third conductive layer and the fourth conductive layer are respectively covered with a third friction layer and a fourth friction layer of opposite material polarity; the third friction layers and the fourth friction layers of two adjacent substrates are arranged opposite to each other;

[0022] During the cyclic expansion and contraction process, the third friction layer and the fourth friction layer of the adjacent substrates cyclically contact and separate, and induced charges are induced on the corresponding third conductive layer and the fourth conductive layer. The induced charges are led out through external wires to generate alternating current.

[0023] Preferably, the first contact-separation friction power generation unit and the second contact-separation friction power generation unit further include: a plurality of hinges; the same end of the two adjacent substrates is hinged by an opening and closing page to achieve folding and telescopic extension.

[0024] Preferably, a guide device is further provided on the outside of the first shell for guiding the multi-mode wave-excited friction nano-power generation device to reciprocate left and right.

[0025] Preferably, the guide device is a guide plate.

[0026] Preferably, the outer tube is made of insulating material, and the insulating material includes any one of PTFE, PE, PP, PET, PDMS and PVC;

[0027] The friction liquid is specifically any one of deionized water, magnetic fluid and aqueous solution.

[0028] Preferably, the first to fourth conductive layers and the external sensing electrodes are all made of conductive materials, and the conductive materials include any one of copper foil, aluminum foil and conductive coating;

[0029] The first friction layer and the third friction layer are made of the same material, both are nylon films; the second friction layer and the fourth friction layer are made of the same material, both are polytetrafluoroethylene films.

[0030] Preferably, the first shell, the second shell and the substrate are made of the same material, which are acrylic plates.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0032] The present invention provides a multi-mode wave-excited triboelectric nano-power generation device, comprising a first shell, a liquid-solid triboelectric power generation unit, a first contact-separation triboelectric power generation unit, and a second contact-separation triboelectric power generation unit; when the power generation device is reciprocated by wave energy, the liquid-solid triboelectric power generation unit slides left and right in the first shell in a horizontal direction and generates alternating current based on liquid-solid triboelectric nano-power generation; at the same time, the first contact-separation triboelectric power generation unit and the second contact-separation triboelectric power generation unit are alternately compressed and stretched, and contact-separation triboelectric nano-power generation is performed respectively during the cyclic stretching process to generate alternating current; the alternating current generated by the liquid-solid triboelectric power generation unit and the two contact-separation triboelectric power generation units are jointly derived to realize multi-mode wave-excited triboelectric nano-power generation;

[0033] The device of the present invention combines contact-separation friction and liquid-solid friction power generation modes to achieve multi-dimensional energy capture and conversion under the vertical rise and fall and horizontal reciprocating motion of waves. The invention uses a combination of materials with significant electronegativity differences in the selection of power generation materials, generating periodic charge separation and accumulation through the natural movement of waves, thereby efficiently outputting electrical energy. Furthermore, the liquid-solid friction portion utilizes the contact friction between the flowing liquid and the solid to further enhance the stability and continuity of power generation, meeting the diverse needs of ocean energy utilization.

[0034] In addition, the present invention can also introduce solid-solid friction power generation between the bottom of the liquid-solid friction power generation unit and the first shell, thereby further improving the power generation efficiency and power; the device of the present invention achieves low-cost manufacturing through simple structural design, while improving the power generation efficiency; the present invention can be used in the fields of ocean energy collection, mechanical vibration energy conversion, and self-powered equipment, and is particularly suitable for energy collection in low-frequency vibration energy environments, such as wave energy generation in oceans, lakes and other waters, and has broad application prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a multi-mode wave-excited friction nano-power generation device provided in Example 1.

[0036] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of a multi-mode wave-excited friction nano-power generation device provided in Example 2.

[0037] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the first shell provided in Example 2.

[0038] Figure 4 This is a front view of the liquid-solid friction power generation unit provided in Example 2.

[0039] Figure 5 This is a side view of the liquid-solid friction power generation unit provided in Example 2.

[0040] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the contact-separation friction power generation unit provided in Example 2.

[0041] Figure 7 This is a reciprocating motion diagram of the contact-separation friction power generation unit provided in Example 2.

[0042] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the solid-solid friction power generation principle provided in Example 2.

[0043] Figure 9 This is a diagram of the reciprocating motion of the multi-mode wave-excited friction nano-power generation device provided in Example 2.

[0044] Figure 10 This is the equivalent circuit diagram provided in Example 2.

[0045] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of multiple power generation devices provided in Example 2 connected in parallel for power supply.

[0046] Figure 12 This is a structural diagram of a multi-mode wave-excited friction nano-power generation device provided in Example 3.

[0047] Figure 13 This is a waveform diagram of the voltage and current output of the single-side contact-separation friction power generation unit provided in Example 3.

[0048] Figure 14 This is a waveform diagram of the output voltage and current of the liquid-solid friction power generation unit provided in Example 3.

[0049] Figure 15 This is a waveform diagram of the output voltage and current of the solid-solid sliding friction power generation provided in Example 3.

[0050] Figure 16 This is a waveform diagram of the overall voltage and current output of the multi-mode wave-excited friction nano-power generation device provided in Example 3. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting this patent;

[0052] In order to better illustrate this embodiment, some parts in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual product size;

[0053] It is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and descriptions thereof may be omitted in the drawings.

[0054] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0055] Example 1

[0056] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a multi-mode wave-excited triboelectric nano-power generation device, comprising: a first shell 1, a liquid-solid triboelectric generation unit 2, a first contact-separation triboelectric generation unit 3 and a second contact-separation triboelectric generation unit 4;

[0057] The liquid-solid friction power generation unit 2 is arranged on the bottom plate of the first shell 1 and can slide in the first shell 1 along the horizontal direction;

[0058] The first contact-separation friction power generation unit 3 and the second contact-separation friction power generation unit 4 are both retractable structures, and are fixedly arranged at the left and right ends of the liquid-solid friction power generation unit 2 respectively; the first contact-separation friction power generation unit 3 and the second contact-separation friction power generation unit are also fixedly connected to the left and right inner walls of the first housing 1 respectively;

[0059] When the multi-mode wave-excited friction nano-power generation device swings back and forth due to wave energy, the liquid-solid friction power generation unit 2 slides left and right in the first shell 1 in the horizontal direction and generates alternating current based on liquid-solid friction nano-power generation; at the same time, the first contact-separation friction power generation unit 3 and the second contact-separation friction power generation unit 4 are alternately compressed and stretched, and contact-separation friction nano-power generation is performed respectively during the cyclic expansion and contraction process to generate alternating current; the alternating current generated by the liquid-solid friction power generation unit 2 and the two contact-separation friction power generation units are jointly derived to realize multi-mode wave-excited friction nano-power generation.

[0060] In the specific implementation process, the main body of the power generation device in this embodiment is a rectangular box (i.e., the first shell 1), inside which two sets of retractable contact-separation friction power generation units are set, and a set of liquid-solid friction power generation units 2 is set between the two sets of contact-separation friction power generation units;

[0061] When the multi-mode wave-excited triboelectric nano-power generation device sways back and forth due to wave energy, the liquid-solid triboelectric power generation unit 2 slides horizontally left and right within the first shell 1. The liquid flows and rubs against the solid surface, thereby generating a triboelectric effect between the liquid and the solid. The ions in the liquid medium interact with the electrons on the solid surface, resulting in charge transfer. Since the liquid can flow continuously, this friction mode can continuously generate charge, thereby achieving continuous power output.

[0062] The liquid-solid triboelectric unit 2 has the ability to generate electricity continuously. The liquid can flow or oscillate continuously on the solid surface, allowing the liquid-solid friction to produce continuous charge separation. Moreover, the liquid-solid friction does not rely on a strict surface shape or structure, so it can adapt to a variety of complex surfaces and even operate in dynamic environments such as waves, providing greater flexibility.

[0063] While the liquid-solid triboelectric power generation unit 2 slides horizontally left and right within the first shell 1, the first contact-separation triboelectric power generation unit 3 and the second contact-separation triboelectric power generation unit 4 are alternately compressed and stretched, that is, when the liquid-solid triboelectric power generation unit 2 moves to the left, it squeezes the first contact-separation triboelectric power generation unit 3 on the left and stretches the second contact-separation triboelectric power generation unit 4 on the right, and the opposite is true when it moves to the right; during the cyclic expansion and contraction process of the two contact-separation triboelectric power generation units, contact-separation triboelectric nano-power generation is performed respectively to generate alternating current;

[0064] Contact-separation triboelectric power generation has the advantages of efficient energy conversion. It can effectively convert mechanical energy into electrical energy under low-frequency vibration and small-amplitude motion, and has high power generation efficiency. At the same time, it has a variety of material options, and the friction layer material selection is wide, including common organic polymers, nanomaterials, etc., which has strong adaptability. In addition, the structure is simple, and the basic structure of the generator is relatively simple, which is easy to achieve low-cost manufacturing.

[0065] Finally, the alternating current generated by the liquid-solid friction power generation unit 2 and the two contact-separation friction power generation units is jointly derived to realize multi-mode wave-excited friction nanopower generation.

[0066] Example 2

[0067] like Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a multi-mode wave-excited triboelectric nano-power generation device, comprising: a first shell 1, a liquid-solid triboelectric generation unit 2, a first contact-separation triboelectric generation unit 3 and a second contact-separation triboelectric generation unit 4;

[0068] The liquid-solid friction power generation unit 2 is arranged on the bottom plate of the first shell 1 and can slide in the first shell 1 along the horizontal direction;

[0069] The first contact-separation friction power generation unit 3 and the second contact-separation friction power generation unit 4 are both retractable structures, and are fixedly arranged at the left and right ends of the liquid-solid friction power generation unit 2 respectively; the first contact-separation friction power generation unit 3 and the second contact-separation friction power generation unit are also fixedly connected to the left and right inner walls of the first housing 1 respectively;

[0070] The liquid-solid friction power generation unit 2 includes a second shell 21, such as Figure 3 As shown, the inner wall of the bottom plate of the first shell 1 is provided with a first conductive layer 5, and the first conductive layer 5 is covered with a first friction layer 6;

[0071] like Figure 4 As shown, the outer wall of the bottom plate of the second shell 21 is provided with a second conductive layer 7, and the second conductive layer 7 is covered with a second friction layer 8;

[0072] The materials of the first friction layer 6 and the second friction layer 8 have opposite polarities;

[0073] When the multi-mode wave-excited triboelectric nano-power generation device is shaken back and forth by wave energy, the liquid-solid triboelectric power generation unit 2 slides horizontally left and right within the first shell 1 and generates alternating current based on liquid-solid triboelectric nano-power generation; at the same time, the first contact-separation triboelectric power generation unit 3 and the second contact-separation triboelectric power generation unit 4 are alternately compressed and stretched, and contact-separation triboelectric nano-power generation is performed during the cyclic expansion and contraction process to generate alternating current;

[0074] The liquid-solid triboelectric power generation unit 2 slides horizontally in the first housing 1, driving the second friction layer 8 and the first friction layer 6 to slide and rub relative to each other, generating charge transfer and inducing induced charges on the second conductive layer 7 and the first conductive layer 5, respectively. The induced charges are led out through external wires to generate alternating current;

[0075] The alternating current generated by the liquid-solid triboelectric generation unit 2, the two contact-separation triboelectric generation units, and the first friction layer 6 and the second friction layer 8 is jointly derived to achieve multi-mode wave-induced triboelectric nanopower generation;

[0076] like Figure 4 As shown, the liquid-solid friction power generation unit 2 is provided with a plurality of parallel liquid-solid friction nano-power generation cores 22; its side view is as shown in FIG. Figure 5 As shown;

[0077] Each of the liquid-solid friction nano-power generation cores 22 has the same structure, including an outer tube 221, a friction liquid 222 and an external sensing electrode 223;

[0078] The outer tube 221 is a hollow sealed structure, the friction liquid 222 is disposed inside the outer tube 221, and the external sensing electrode 223 is disposed on the outer wall of the outer tube 221; the material of the outer tube 221 and the friction liquid 222 have opposite polarities;

[0079] The liquid-solid triboelectric power generation unit 2 slides horizontally in the first housing 1. The friction liquid 222 in each liquid-solid triboelectric nano-power generation core 22 rubs against the inner wall of the outer tube 221, generating charge transfer and inducing induced charges on the external induction electrodes 223. The induced charges are led out through external wires to generate alternating current.

[0080] like Figure 6 As shown, the first contact-separation friction power generation unit 3 and the second contact-separation friction power generation unit 4 each include: a plurality of substrates 9 arranged at intervals, two adjacent substrates 9 are connected by an elastic connector 10, and the elastic connector 10 is used to achieve expansion and contraction and rebound;

[0081] A third conductive layer 11 and a fourth conductive layer 12 are provided on both sides of the substrate 9, respectively. A third friction layer 13 and a fourth friction layer 14 of opposite material polarity are respectively covered on the third conductive layer 11 and the fourth conductive layer 12. The third friction layers 13 and the fourth friction layers 14 of two adjacent substrates 9 are arranged opposite to each other.

[0082] During the cyclic expansion and contraction process, the third friction layer 13 and the fourth friction layer 14 of the adjacent substrate 9 cyclically contact and separate, and induced charges are induced on the corresponding third conductive layer 11 and fourth conductive layer 12. The induced charges are led out through external wires to generate alternating current;

[0083] In this embodiment, the first contact-separation friction power generation unit 3 and the second contact-separation friction power generation unit 4 also include: a plurality of hinges 15; the same end of the two adjacent substrates 9 is hinged by an opening and closing page 15 to achieve folding and telescopic extension.

[0084] During implementation, the main body of the power generation device in this embodiment is a rectangular box (i.e., a first housing 1), inside which are disposed two sets of retractable contact-separation friction power generation units, and a set of liquid-solid friction power generation units 2 is disposed between the two sets of contact-separation friction power generation units. In addition, to further improve power generation efficiency, this embodiment further provides a first friction layer 6 and a second friction layer 8 between the bottom of the liquid-solid friction power generation unit 2 and the first housing 1, which generate electricity through solid-solid friction.

[0085] When the multi-mode wave-excited triboelectric nano-power generation device sways back and forth due to wave energy, the liquid-solid triboelectric power generation unit 2 slides horizontally left and right within the first shell 1. The liquid flows and rubs against the solid surface, thereby generating a triboelectric effect between the liquid and the solid. The ions in the liquid medium interact with the electrons on the solid surface, resulting in charge transfer. Since the liquid can flow continuously, this friction mode can continuously generate charge, thereby achieving continuous power output.

[0086] The liquid-solid triboelectric unit 2 has the ability to generate electricity continuously. The liquid can flow or oscillate continuously on the solid surface, allowing the liquid-solid friction to produce continuous charge separation. Moreover, the liquid-solid friction does not rely on a strict surface shape or structure, so it can adapt to a variety of complex surfaces and even operate in dynamic environments such as waves, providing greater flexibility.

[0087] like Figure 7As shown, while the liquid-solid triboelectric power generation unit 2 slides left and right in the first shell 1 in the horizontal direction, the first contact-separation triboelectric power generation unit 3 and the second contact-separation triboelectric power generation unit 4 are alternately compressed and stretched, that is, when the liquid-solid triboelectric power generation unit 2 moves to the left, it squeezes the first contact-separation triboelectric power generation unit 3 on the left and stretches the second contact-separation triboelectric power generation unit 4 on the right, and the opposite is true when it moves to the right; during the cyclic expansion and contraction process of the two contact-separation triboelectric power generation units, contact-separation triboelectric nano-power generation is performed respectively to generate alternating current;

[0088] Contact-separation triboelectric power generation has the advantages of efficient energy conversion. It can effectively convert mechanical energy into electrical energy under low-frequency vibration and small-amplitude motion, and has high power generation efficiency. At the same time, it has a variety of material options, and the friction layer material selection is wide, including common organic polymers, nanomaterials, etc., which has strong adaptability. In addition, the structure is simple, and the basic structure of the generator is relatively simple, which is easy to achieve low-cost manufacturing.

[0089] like Figure 8 As shown, when the liquid-solid triboelectric power generation unit 2 slides horizontally in the first housing 1, the second friction layer 8 at its bottom and the first friction layer 6 slide relative to each other, generating charge transfer, further increasing the accumulation of triboelectric charge, and inducing induced charges on the second conductive layer 7 and the first conductive layer 5 respectively. The induced charges are led out through external wires to generate alternating current;

[0090] The advantages of solid-solid friction are efficient charge separation and high charge density, especially when the electronegativity difference between the two materials is large. Secondly, it has greater adaptability, simple structure, easy integration, and can work under various vibration and mechanical motion conditions.

[0091] like Figure 9 The figure shows the working process of the multi-mode power generation device in this embodiment. The above process is repeated, and finally the AC power generated by the liquid-solid triboelectric power generation unit 2, the two contact-separation triboelectric power generation units, and the first friction layer 6 and the second friction layer 8 are jointly extracted to realize multi-mode wave-induced triboelectric nanopower generation.

[0092] like Figure 10 As shown, the multi-mode wave-excited triboelectric nano-power generation device in this embodiment combines the three modes of contact-separation friction, liquid-solid friction and solid-solid sliding friction. The liquid-solid triboelectric power generation unit 2, the two contact-separation triboelectric power generation units, and the first friction layer 6 and the second friction layer 8 can be regarded as a voltage source (respectively Figure 10 The output of the entire power generation device is the output of four voltage sources connected in parallel;

[0093] like Figure 11 As shown, this embodiment can also integrate multiple power generation devices, transmit the power to the energy storage device after rectification, and then supply power to the load, thereby achieving higher power AC power generation and adapting to a wider range of application scenarios.

[0094] Example 3

[0095] like Figure 12 As shown, this embodiment provides a multi-mode wave-excited triboelectric nano-power generation device, comprising: a first shell 1, a liquid-solid triboelectric generation unit 2, a first contact-separation triboelectric generation unit 3 and a second contact-separation triboelectric generation unit 4;

[0096] The liquid-solid friction power generation unit 2 is arranged on the bottom plate of the first shell 1 and can slide in the first shell 1 along the horizontal direction;

[0097] The first contact-separation friction power generation unit 3 and the second contact-separation friction power generation unit 4 are both retractable structures, and are fixedly arranged at the left and right ends of the liquid-solid friction power generation unit 2 respectively; the first contact-separation friction power generation unit 3 and the second contact-separation friction power generation unit are also fixedly connected to the left and right inner walls of the first housing 1 respectively;

[0098] The liquid-solid friction power generation unit 2 includes a second shell 21 , the inner wall of the bottom plate of the first shell 1 is provided with a first conductive layer 5 , and the first conductive layer 5 is covered with a first friction layer 6 ;

[0099] The outer wall of the bottom plate of the second housing 21 is provided with a second conductive layer 7, and the second conductive layer 7 is covered with a second friction layer 8;

[0100] The materials of the first friction layer 6 and the second friction layer 8 have opposite polarities;

[0101] When the multi-mode wave-excited triboelectric nano-power generation device is shaken back and forth by wave energy, the liquid-solid triboelectric power generation unit 2 slides horizontally left and right within the first shell 1 and generates alternating current based on liquid-solid triboelectric nano-power generation; at the same time, the first contact-separation triboelectric power generation unit 3 and the second contact-separation triboelectric power generation unit 4 are alternately compressed and stretched, and contact-separation triboelectric nano-power generation is performed during the cyclic expansion and contraction process to generate alternating current;

[0102] The liquid-solid triboelectric power generation unit 2 slides horizontally in the first housing 1, driving the second friction layer 8 and the first friction layer 6 to slide and rub relative to each other, generating charge transfer and inducing induced charges on the second conductive layer 7 and the first conductive layer 5, respectively. The induced charges are led out through external wires to generate alternating current;

[0103] The alternating current generated by the liquid-solid triboelectric generation unit 2, the two contact-separation triboelectric generation units, and the first friction layer 6 and the second friction layer 8 is jointly derived to achieve multi-mode wave-induced triboelectric nanopower generation;

[0104] The liquid-solid friction power generation unit 2 is provided with a plurality of parallel liquid-solid friction nano-power generation cores 22;

[0105] Each of the liquid-solid friction nano-power generation cores 22 has the same structure, including an outer tube 221, a friction liquid 222 and an external sensing electrode 223;

[0106] The outer tube 221 is a hollow sealed structure, the friction liquid 222 is disposed inside the outer tube 221, and the external sensing electrode 223 is disposed on the outer wall of the outer tube 221; the material of the outer tube 221 and the friction liquid 222 have opposite polarities;

[0107] In this embodiment, the outer tube 221 is made of an insulating material, which includes any one of PTFE, PE, PP, PET, PDMS, and PVC; the friction liquid 222 is specifically any one of deionized water, magnetic fluid, and aqueous solution;

[0108] The liquid-solid triboelectric power generation unit 2 slides horizontally in the first housing 1. The friction liquid 222 in each liquid-solid triboelectric nano-power generation core 22 rubs against the inner wall of the outer tube 221, generating charge transfer and inducing induced charges on the external induction electrodes 223. The induced charges are led out through external wires to generate alternating current.

[0109] The first contact-separation friction power generation unit 3 and the second contact-separation friction power generation unit 4 each include: a plurality of spaced-apart substrates 9, two adjacent substrates 9 being connected by an elastic connector 10, and the elastic connector 10 is used to achieve expansion and contraction and rebound;

[0110] A third conductive layer 11 and a fourth conductive layer 12 are provided on both sides of the substrate 9, respectively. A third friction layer 13 and a fourth friction layer 14 of opposite material polarity are respectively covered on the third conductive layer 11 and the fourth conductive layer 12. The third friction layers 13 and the fourth friction layers 14 of two adjacent substrates 9 are arranged opposite to each other.

[0111] During the cyclic expansion and contraction process, the third friction layer 13 and the fourth friction layer 14 of the adjacent substrate 9 cyclically contact and separate, and induced charges are induced on the corresponding third conductive layer 11 and fourth conductive layer 12. The induced charges are led out through external wires to generate alternating current;

[0112] In this embodiment, the first contact-separation friction power generation unit 3 and the second contact-separation friction power generation unit 4 further include: a plurality of hinges 15; the same end of two adjacent substrates 9 is hinged by a hinge 15 to achieve foldable extension;

[0113] The first conductive layer 5, the second conductive layer 7, the third conductive layer 11, the fourth conductive layer 12 and the external sensing electrode 223 are all made of conductive materials, and the conductive material includes any one of copper foil, aluminum foil and conductive coating;

[0114] The first friction layer 6 and the third friction layer 13 are made of the same material, both are nylon films; the second friction layer 8 and the fourth friction layer 14 are made of the same material, both are polytetrafluoroethylene films;

[0115] The first shell 1, the second shell 21 and the substrate 9 are made of the same material, which is acrylic board;

[0116] A guide device 16 is further provided on the outside of the first shell 1 for guiding the multi-mode wave-excited friction nano-power generation device to reciprocate left and right. In this embodiment, the guide device 16 is specifically a guide plate.

[0117] During implementation, the main body of the power generation device in this embodiment is a rectangular box (i.e., a first housing 1), inside which are disposed two sets of retractable contact-separation friction power generation units, and a set of liquid-solid friction power generation units 2 is disposed between the two sets of contact-separation friction power generation units. In addition, to further improve power generation efficiency, this embodiment further provides a first friction layer 6 and a second friction layer 8 between the bottom of the liquid-solid friction power generation unit 2 and the first housing 1, which generate electricity through solid-solid friction.

[0118] When the multi-mode wave-excited triboelectric nano-power generation device sways back and forth due to wave energy, the liquid-solid triboelectric power generation unit 2 slides horizontally left and right within the first shell 1. The liquid flows and rubs against the solid surface, thereby generating a triboelectric effect between the liquid and the solid. The ions in the liquid medium interact with the electrons on the solid surface, resulting in charge transfer. Since the liquid can flow continuously, this friction mode can continuously generate charge, thereby achieving continuous power output.

[0119] In this embodiment, the central region of the liquid-solid triboelectric power generation unit 2 is composed of nine liquid-solid triboelectric nano-generator cores 22 arranged in a 3×3 pattern. The cores are composed of a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) shell 221 and an internal friction liquid 222. Under the action of waves, the liquid flows and rubs against the solid surface, generating a triboelectric effect between the liquid and the solid. The ions in the liquid medium interact with the electrons on the solid surface, resulting in charge transfer. Because the liquid can flow continuously, this friction mode can continuously generate charge, thereby achieving continuous power output. These cores are enclosed in an acrylic box, forming a sealed liquid-solid friction area.

[0120] The liquid-solid triboelectric unit 2 has the ability to generate electricity continuously. The liquid can flow or oscillate continuously on the solid surface, allowing the liquid-solid friction to produce continuous charge separation. Moreover, the liquid-solid friction does not rely on a strict surface shape or structure, so it can adapt to a variety of complex surfaces and even operate in dynamic environments such as waves, providing greater flexibility.

[0121] While the liquid-solid triboelectric power generation unit 2 slides horizontally left and right within the first shell 1, the first contact-separation triboelectric power generation unit 3 and the second contact-separation triboelectric power generation unit 4 are alternately compressed and stretched, that is, when the liquid-solid triboelectric power generation unit 2 moves to the left, it squeezes the first contact-separation triboelectric power generation unit 3 on the left and stretches the second contact-separation triboelectric power generation unit 4 on the right, and the opposite is true when it moves to the right; during the cyclic expansion and contraction process of the two contact-separation triboelectric power generation units, contact-separation triboelectric nano-power generation is performed respectively to generate alternating current;

[0122] In this embodiment, the core of the contact-separation friction power generation unit is to attach a layer of copper foil as a conductive layer base to each side of each acrylic substrate 9, and then wrap different friction materials on the copper foil, one side using nylon 6 (polyamide film) or polyimide film, and the other side using polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) film; after all acrylic substrates 9 are prepared by the above steps, the same end of two adjacent substrates 9 is hinged with an acrylic hinge 15 for fixed rotation, and two holes are opened on the left and right ends, and springs (elastic connectors 10) with corresponding elastic forces are connected. Under the action of wave motion, contact separation and rebound motion are achieved, thereby generating periodic charge accumulation and release. In this embodiment, nylon 6 film easily gains electrons and becomes positively charged, while PTFE easily loses electrons and becomes negatively charged. This heterogeneous combination of materials further improves the output voltage and power density;

[0123] When two friction surfaces (such as nylon and PTFE) come into contact under the action of an external force, the triboelectric effect begins to occur. Due to the different electronegativity of the two, electrons will transfer from the material with lower electronegativity to the material with higher electronegativity. For example, electrons in the nylon material will transfer to the PTFE, making the nylon positively charged and the PTFE negatively charged. In this process, the surfaces of the two materials form opposite charges. After the two layers of materials come into contact, when the external force is removed, the materials begin to separate. As the separation proceeds, an electric field is formed between the positively charged nylon and the negatively charged PTFE. Due to the separation of charges and the separation of materials, the potential difference between the surfaces of the materials gradually increases. This potential difference drives the flow of charge, and at this time, the role of the electrodes begins to play. When the friction layers come into contact and separate, the electrode layer behind them senses the charge change between the friction layers due to the electrostatic induction effect. As the materials separate, induced charges will form on the electrodes, generating current. If the electrodes are connected to an external load, current will flow through the circuit to achieve electrical energy output. The generator realizes the periodic contact and separation process under the action of external force.

[0124] Contact-separation triboelectric power generation has the advantages of efficient energy conversion. It can effectively convert mechanical energy into electrical energy under low-frequency vibration and small-amplitude motion, and has high power generation efficiency. At the same time, it has a variety of material options, and the friction layer material selection is wide, including common organic polymers, nanomaterials, etc., which has strong adaptability. In addition, the structure is simple, and the basic structure of the generator is relatively simple, which is easy to achieve low-cost manufacturing.

[0125] In order to further improve the power generation efficiency, this embodiment also designs a solid-solid friction power generation composed of nylon 6 and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) at the bottom of the liquid-solid acrylic outer box (second shell 21) and the upper layer of the bottom plate of the overall generator box (first shell 1); specifically, the bottom of the upper liquid-solid acrylic box is first made of a layer of copper foil as a conductive layer for collecting charges, and then wrapped with a layer of nylon 6 film as a friction layer, and the upper layer of the bottom plate of the generator box is made of a layer of copper foil as a conductive layer for collecting charges, and then wrapped with a layer of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) film as a friction layer. Through the reciprocating motion of the waves, the middle liquid-solid generator acrylic box will reciprocate accordingly, thereby causing the solid-solid friction nanogenerator to generate sliding friction in the horizontal direction, further improving the accumulation of friction charges; nylon 6 and PTFE are common triboelectric materials, and their electronegativity is quite different. Nylon 6 is easy to be positively charged, while PTFE is easy to be negatively charged; during the sliding friction process, electrons will be transferred from nylon 6 to the PTFE surface, forming charge separation; with the periodic motion of the external force, the materials continue to contact, slide and separate, thereby continuously generating electrical energy;

[0126] When the liquid-solid triboelectric power generation unit 2 slides horizontally left and right within the first housing 1, it drives the second friction layer 8 at its bottom to slide and rub against the first friction layer 6, generating charge transfer, further increasing the accumulation of triboelectric charge, and inducing induced charges on the second conductive layer 7 and the first conductive layer 5 respectively. The induced charges are led out through external wires to generate alternating current;

[0127] The advantages of solid-solid friction are efficient charge separation and high charge density, especially when the electronegativity difference between the two materials is large. Secondly, it has greater adaptability, simple structure, easy integration, and can work under various vibration and mechanical motion conditions.

[0128] Finally, the alternating current generated by the liquid-solid triboelectric power generation unit 2, the two contact-separation triboelectric power generation units, and the first friction layer 6 and the second friction layer 8 is jointly derived to realize multi-mode wave-induced triboelectric nanopower generation;

[0129] The overall layout of the power generation device in this embodiment is as follows: the left and right ends are contact-separation power generation, and the middle is liquid-solid friction nano-power generation. All the power generation cores are sealed by an acrylic box. Solid-solid sliding friction nano-power generation is introduced between the bottom layer of the acrylic box and the upper layer of the bottom plate of the entire generator box.

[0130] This embodiment also tests the performance of the power generation device by simulating 1Hz wave conditions on a six-degree-of-freedom vibration table and testing the three modules and the entire parallel connection. Figure 13 As shown in Figure 2, the maximum single-side output open-circuit voltage of the contact-separation friction nano-power generation is 28.1V, and the short-circuit current is 87.2nA; Figure 14 As shown, the maximum output open circuit voltage of the generator composed of 9 liquid-solid friction nano-generator cores 22 is 272.8V, and the short circuit current is 0.58uA; Figure 15 As shown in Figure 2, the maximum output open circuit voltage of solid-solid triboelectric nanogeneration is 18.9 V and the short circuit current is 63.7 nA. Figure 16 As shown in the figure, after the entire device is connected in parallel, the output open-circuit voltage is 354.1V and the short-circuit current is 0.83uA. This shows that the power generation device of this embodiment has a high power generation capacity and can meet the needs of most offshore power usage scenarios. It is worth mentioning that the power generation capacity of the power generation device in this embodiment varies according to the size of the generator. The larger the device size, the greater the power generation capacity.

[0131] The multi-mode wave-excited friction nano-power generation device in this embodiment is suitable for capturing and converting ocean wave energy; the generator utilizes three modes of contact-separation friction, liquid-solid friction, and solid-solid sliding friction to efficiently capture and convert energy through the reciprocating motion and vibration of waves; the present invention can be widely used in fields such as ocean energy collection, mechanical vibration energy conversion, and self-powered equipment, and is particularly suitable for energy collection in low-frequency vibration energy environments, such as wave energy generation in oceans, lakes, and other waters.

[0132] The same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components;

[0133] The terms used in the drawings to describe positional relationships are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting this patent;

[0134] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for the purpose of clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-mode wave-excited triboelectric nano-power generation device, characterized in that: include: a first housing, a liquid-solid triboelectric power generation unit, a first contact-separation triboelectric power generation unit, and a second contact-separation triboelectric power generation unit; The liquid-solid friction power generation unit is arranged on the bottom plate of the first shell and can slide in the first shell in a horizontal direction; The first contact-separation friction power generation unit and the second contact-separation friction power generation unit are both retractable structures, and are fixedly arranged at the left and right ends of the liquid-solid friction power generation unit respectively; the first contact-separation friction power generation unit and the second contact-separation friction power generation unit are also fixedly connected to the left and right inner walls of the first shell respectively; When the multi-mode wave-excited friction nano-power generation device swings back and forth due to wave energy, the liquid-solid friction power generation unit slides left and right in the first shell in the horizontal direction and generates alternating current based on liquid-solid friction nano-power generation; at the same time, the first contact-separation friction power generation unit and the second contact-separation friction power generation unit are alternately compressed and stretched, and contact-separation friction nano-power generation is performed respectively during the cyclic expansion and contraction process to generate alternating current; the alternating current generated by the liquid-solid friction power generation unit and the two contact-separation friction power generation units are jointly derived to realize multi-mode wave-excited friction nano-power generation; The liquid-solid friction power generation unit includes a second shell, the inner wall of the bottom plate of the first shell is provided with a first conductive layer, and the first conductive layer is covered with a first friction layer; The outer wall of the bottom plate of the second shell is provided with a second conductive layer, and the second conductive layer is covered with a second friction layer; The first friction layer and the second friction layer have opposite material polarities; The liquid-solid triboelectric generation unit slides horizontally left and right within the first housing, driving the second friction layer and the first friction layer to slide and rub against each other, generating charge transfer and inducing induced charges on the second conductive layer and the first conductive layer, respectively. The induced charges are led out through external wires to generate alternating current. The alternating current generated by the liquid-solid triboelectric generation unit, the two contact-separation triboelectric generation units, and the first and second friction layers are jointly led out to achieve multi-mode wave-excited triboelectric nanopower generation. The liquid-solid friction power generation unit is provided with a plurality of parallel liquid-solid friction nano-power generation cores; Each of the liquid-solid friction nano-power generation cores has the same structure, including an outer tube, friction liquid and an external sensing electrode; The outer tube is a hollow sealed structure, the friction liquid is arranged inside the outer tube, and the external sensing electrode is arranged on the outer wall of the outer tube; the material of the outer tube and the friction liquid have opposite polarities; The liquid-solid friction power generation unit slides left and right in the first shell in the horizontal direction. The friction liquid in each liquid-solid friction nano-power generation core rubs against the inner wall of the outer tube, generating charge transfer and inducing induced charges on the external induction electrodes. The induced charges are led out through external wires to generate alternating current.

2. The multi-mode wave-excited triboelectric nano-power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first contact-separation friction power generation unit and the second contact-separation friction power generation unit each include: a plurality of substrates arranged at intervals, wherein two adjacent substrates are connected by an elastic connecting member; A third conductive layer and a fourth conductive layer are respectively provided on both sides of the substrate; the third conductive layer and the fourth conductive layer are respectively covered with a third friction layer and a fourth friction layer of opposite material polarity; the third friction layers and the fourth friction layers of two adjacent substrates are arranged opposite to each other; During the cyclic expansion and contraction process, the third friction layer and the fourth friction layer of the adjacent substrates cyclically contact and separate, and induced charges are induced on the corresponding third conductive layer and the fourth conductive layer. The induced charges are led out through external wires to generate alternating current.

3. The multi-mode wave-excited triboelectric nano-power generation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first contact-separation friction power generation unit and the second contact-separation friction power generation unit also include: a plurality of hinges; the same end of two adjacent substrates is hinged by an opening and closing page to achieve folding and telescopic extension.

4. The multi-mode wave-excited triboelectric nano-power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A guide device is also provided on the outside of the first shell for guiding the multi-mode wave-excited friction nano-power generation device to move back and forth.

5. The multi-mode wave-excited triboelectric nano-power generation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The guide device is specifically a guide plate.

6. The multi-mode wave-excited triboelectric nano-power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer tube is made of insulating material, and the insulating material includes any one of PTFE, PE, PP, PET, PDMS and PVC; The friction liquid is specifically any one of deionized water, magnetic fluid and aqueous solution.

7. The multi-mode wave-excited triboelectric nano-power generation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first to fourth conductive layers and the external sensing electrodes are all made of conductive materials, and the conductive materials include any one of copper foil, aluminum foil and conductive coating; The first friction layer and the third friction layer are made of the same material, both are nylon films; the second friction layer and the fourth friction layer are made of the same material, both are polytetrafluoroethylene films.

8. The multi-mode wave-excited triboelectric nano-power generation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first shell, the second shell and the substrate are made of the same material, which is acrylic board.

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