Planting method for improving nitrogen fixation capacity of corn

Abstract

The invention provides a planting method for improving the nitrogen fixation capacity of corn, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural production. Through a series of technical means, the nitrogen absorption and utilization efficiency of corn plants can be enhanced, so that nitrogen resources in soil can be more effectively utilized in the growth process of the corn plants. By means of the improvement, the use amount of chemical fertilizer is reduced, the agricultural production cost is reduced, and the yield and the nutritive value of the corn can be remarkably improved. In this way, the method not only improves the economic value of corn crops, but also plays a positive role in promoting environmental protection and sustainable agricultural development.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural production, and in particular to a planting method for improving the nitrogen fixation ability of corn. Background Art

[0002] Nitrogen (N) is an important element required by plants, and its availability is often the main limiting factor for crop yields. To meet the continuously growing food demand, it is necessary to significantly increase nitrogen input in agricultural production. Chemical nitrogen fertilizers have made an important contribution to crop yields worldwide. However, the utilization efficiency of nitrogen fertilizers is relatively low, less than 34% worldwide. The large amount of nitrogen loss has caused a series of environmental problems such as eutrophication of water bodies, soil acidification, air pollution and greenhouse effect. How to reduce the input of chemical nitrogen fertilizers in agricultural production has become one of the key issues of concern.

[0003] Biological nitrogen fixation is a biochemical process that converts gaseous nitrogen in the atmosphere into biologically available nitrogen in terrestrial ecosystems. It is estimated that biological nitrogen fixation can meet 30% to 50% of the nitrogen demand for crop growth. In addition to the symbiotic nitrogen fixation between leguminous crops and rhizobium to form nodules, the phenomenon of joint nitrogen fixation between non-leguminous crops and nitrogen-fixing bacteria is also very common in nature. Under natural conditions, cereal crops (such as corn) can meet 20% to 25% of their own nitrogen needs through joint nitrogen fixation, and have huge nitrogen fixation potential. Therefore, how to promote the biological nitrogen fixation ability of cereal crops is of great significance to reducing the input of chemical nitrogen fertilizers and reducing their negative environmental effects.

[0004] In the prior art, the planting methods for improving the nitrogen fixation capacity of corn include the following: Intercropping: By intercropping corn and peanuts, the nitrogen fixation capacity of corn can be improved. The specific method includes applying compound slow-control fertilizer to the plot to be planted, and then deep plowing, land preparation and ridge making. The compound slow-control fertilizer is compounded with alginate and urea, and the urea blank is obtained after being loaded with porous gelatin. Then, an ethephon aqueous solution and a dopamine TrisHCl buffer solution are sprayed on the surface of the urea blank in sequence, and freeze-dried. Peanut kernels and corn kernels are coated separately for intercropping, and the soil moisture content is adjusted to 65-75%. The coated peanut planting area is covered with film, and the side branches under the film are dug out in time from the four-leaf stage to before flowering of peanuts. Spray growth regulators on corn at the 8-9 leaf stage, harvest when more than 70-75% of the peanut pods have hardened shells and the inner wall is bluish-brown patches, and harvest corn 5-10 days after physiological maturity.

[0005] ‌Use nitrogen fertilizer synergist‌: By using nitrogen fertilizer synergist and organic fertilizer at one time, the amount of nitrogen fertilizer can be reduced and the effective nitrogen content in the soil can be increased. The specific method is to mix nitrogen fertilizer synergist (15 kg / mu) with organic fertilizer and sow seeds and fertilizers at the same time, and apply humic acid fertilizer at 50 kg / mu. In addition, implement integrated water and fertilizer management, and irrigate at 30m³ / mu and 40m³ / mu respectively after sowing and in the jointing stage according to the growth needs of corn to increase soil moisture content and increase soil nitrogen effectiveness‌.

[0006] ‌Biological nitrogen fixation‌: Corn can use aerial roots to interact with nitrogen-fixing bacteria to perform biological nitrogen fixation. Studies have shown that the slime bacteria of corn can convert nitrogen in the air into a form that can be used by the plant. This nitrogen fixation ability has been shown in field trials to provide 29% to 82% of the nitrogen nutrition required by corn.

[0007] These methods improve the nitrogen fixation capacity of corn in different ways, thereby reducing dependence on chemical nitrogen fertilizers and helping to improve soil fertility and corn yield and quality.

[0008] However, it also has some disadvantages, such as: 1. Intercropping methods require additional crop management, increasing the complexity and labor intensity of planting.

[0009] 2. Although the use of nitrogen fertilizer enhancers can improve the utilization efficiency of nitrogen fertilizers, their cost is high and their long-term impact on the environment is still unclear.

[0010] 3. Although biological nitrogen fixation is a natural and environmentally friendly method, its nitrogen fixation efficiency is greatly affected by environmental factors and is difficult to control and optimize in practical applications.

[0011] Chinese patent CN118058155A discloses a planting method for improving the nitrogen fixation capacity of corn by intercropping corn and peanuts, comprising the following steps: applying a compound slow-control fertilizer to a plot to be planted, followed by deep ploughing and ridge formation; the compound slow-control fertilizer is prepared by compounding alginic acid and urea, and then loaded with porous gelatin to obtain a urea blank; then spraying an ethephon aqueous solution and a dopamine Tris-HCl buffer solution on the surface of the urea blank in sequence, and freeze-drying the blank; coating peanut kernels and corn kernels respectively to obtain coated peanuts and coated corn; intercropping the coated peanuts and coated corn; regulating the soil moisture content of the planting plot to 65-75%, covering the planting area of ​​the coated peanuts with a film, and timely removing the side branches under the film from the four-leaf stage to before the flowering of the peanuts; spraying a growth regulator when the corn is 8-9 leaf expansion stage; harvesting when more than 70-75% of the peanut pod shells are hardened and the inner wall of the shell is blue-brown patches; and harvesting the corn 5-10 days after physiological maturity.

[0012] Chinese patent CN106242826A discloses a drought-resistant, full-nutrition long-acting fertilizer for corn and its preparation method, which belongs to the field of special fertilizers for agricultural crops. It mainly includes the following raw material components by weight: 410-510 parts of urea, 0-250 parts of ammonium sulfate, 150-275 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 100-200 parts of potassium chloride, 5-30 parts of zinc sulfate, 10-50 parts of fulvic acid, 2-15 parts of polymer water-retaining agent, 1-5 parts of nitrification inhibitor, and 2-10 parts of fertilizer synergist. The present invention reduces the impact of drought on corn planting, improves corn emergence rate, promotes rooting, improves corn drought resistance, fixes nitrogen and activates phosphorus, and prolongs the nutrient release period, realizing the production of corn planting without topdressing, and achieving the purpose of stable production, labor saving, and efficiency increase. The present invention is mainly used for one-time base fertilizer use of corn.

[0013] However, the above-mentioned patent solution has not been able to effectively improve the nitrogen fixation capacity of corn in actual application, and the effect is not ideal. Summary of the invention

[0014] The object of the present invention is to provide a planting method for improving the nitrogen fixation ability of corn, comprising the following steps: Apply organic compound fertilizer during the corn growth period after sowing; The organic compound fertilizer is obtained by fermenting a compatible bacterial agent composed of Bacillus megaterium and lipid-producing nitrogen-fixing spirulina.

[0015] Preferably, the sowing density is 5000-6000 plants / acre.

[0016] Preferably, the process includes deep plowing of the soil before sowing.

[0017] Preferably, the application period of the organic compound fertilizer includes the jointing stage and the filling stage.

[0018] Preferably, the application amount of the organic compound fertilizer is 300-800 kg / mu.

[0019] Preferably, the organic compound fertilizer is prepared by a preparation method comprising the following steps: Inoculating the composite bacterial agent into the basic material and performing low-temperature fermentation to obtain fermented organic matter; The fermented organic matter is mixed with chemical fertilizers to obtain organic compound fertilizer.

[0020] Preferably, the base material includes the following components in parts by weight: 80~120 parts of straw, 40~60 parts of chicken manure, 40~60 parts of coffee grounds and 10~30 parts of peat.

[0021] Preferably, the composite bacterial agent contains Bacillus megaterium and lipid-producing Azospirillum, and the weight ratio of Bacillus megaterium to lipid-producing Azospirillum is 1:0.8-1.2.

[0022] Preferably, the temperature of the low-temperature fermentation is 7 to 28 days.

[0023] Preferably, the inoculation amount of the composite bacterial agent is 0.5% to 2%; The chemical fertilizer contains nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and potash fertilizer.

[0024] Technical effects and advantages of the present invention: The present invention can enhance the absorption and utilization efficiency of nitrogen by corn plants through a series of technical means, so that they can more effectively utilize nitrogen resources in the soil during their growth. This improvement not only helps to reduce the use of chemical fertilizers and reduce agricultural production costs, but also significantly increases the yield and nutritional value of corn. In this way, the present invention not only increases the economic value of corn crops, but also has a positive role in promoting environmental protection and sustainable agricultural development.

[0025] The specific technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages: 1. By adopting the unique planting method provided by the present invention, the nitrogen fixation capacity of corn crops has been significantly improved and enhanced, thereby reducing the dependence on traditional chemical nitrogen fertilizers. This progress not only helps to reduce the use of chemical fertilizers in agricultural production, but also significantly reduces the risk of environmental pollution caused by excessive use of chemical fertilizers, thereby protecting the health of soil and water resources.

[0026] 2. The planting method involved in the present invention is easy to operate and easy to master, so that it can be quickly promoted and implemented in a wide range of agricultural production fields. By simplifying the planting process and lowering the technical threshold, the present invention greatly improves the planting efficiency of farmers and reduces labor and time costs. At the same time, the implementation of this method also significantly improves the yield and quality of crops, thereby increasing the economic benefits and income level of farmers.

[0027] 3. The organic compound fertilizer recommended by the present invention can not only effectively improve the fertility and nutrient level of the soil, but also significantly promote the activity and diversity of beneficial microorganisms in the soil. The use of this organic fertilizer helps to build a healthier and more stable soil ecosystem, providing a good soil environment for the growth of crops. At the same time, the use of organic fertilizers also reduces pollution to the environment, which is in line with the development trend of green ecological agriculture.

[0028] 4. The planting method proposed in the present invention has strong adaptability and flexibility, and can be applied to various soil types and climatic conditions in different regions. Whether in arid, humid, cold or tropical regions, the planting method of the present invention can play its advantages and ensure the stable growth and high yield of crops. Therefore, the method has broad promotion value and application prospects, and can bring revolutionary changes to agricultural production in different regions.

[0029] 5. By implementing the planting method provided by the present invention, the yield and quality of corn crops are significantly improved. This not only meets the market's growing demand for high-quality agricultural products, but also brings higher economic benefits to farmers. By optimizing planting techniques and management measures, the present invention helps farmers achieve a dual increase in yield and benefits, thereby improving their living standards and the sustainability of agricultural production.

[0030] 6. The planting method involved in the present invention fully considers the principle of sustainable development in the design and implementation process. By optimizing resource utilization efficiency, reducing the use of fertilizers and pesticides, and protecting and improving soil health, the present invention helps to achieve long-term stability and ecological balance in agricultural production. This method not only focuses on current economic benefits, but also focuses on future environmental protection and resource conservation, which is of great significance for creating an agricultural ecological environment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention provides a planting method for improving the nitrogen fixation ability of corn, comprising the following steps: Apply organic compound fertilizer during the corn growth period after sowing; The organic compound fertilizer is obtained by fermenting a bacterial agent composed of Bacillus megaterium and lipid-producing nitrogen-fixing spirulina; preferably, the sowing density is 5000-6000 plants / mu; preferably, the soil is deep-turned before sowing; preferably, the application period of the organic compound fertilizer includes the jointing stage and the filling stage; preferably, the application amount of the organic compound fertilizer is 300-800 kg / mu.

[0032] In the present invention, the planting method can also be combined with other nitrogen fixation methods, such as the application of nitrogen-fixing leguminous crops in crop rotation, and timely soil moisture management, to further improve the nitrogen utilization rate of the soil. In addition, by monitoring the growth of corn, the fertilization strategy is adjusted in time to ensure that the crop obtains sufficient nutrient supply during the key growth stage. The adoption of the above-mentioned comprehensive management measures can not only optimize the growth environment of corn, but also lay the foundation for achieving the goals of ecological agriculture and green agriculture.

[0033] In the present invention, preferably, the organic compound fertilizer is prepared by a preparation method comprising the following steps: inoculating the composite bacterial agent into the basic material, performing low-temperature fermentation to obtain fermented organic matter; mixing the fermented organic matter with chemical fertilizers to obtain organic compound fertilizer. Preferably, the basic material includes the following components in parts by weight: 80-120 parts of straw, 40-60 parts of chicken manure, 40-60 parts of coffee grounds and 10-30 parts of peat. Preferably, the composite bacterial agent contains Bacillus megaterium and lipid-producing nitrogen-fixing spirillum, and the weight ratio of Bacillus megaterium to lipid-producing nitrogen-fixing spirillum is 1:0.8-1.2. Preferably, the temperature of the low-temperature fermentation is 7-28d. Preferably, the inoculation amount of the composite bacterial agent is 0.5%-2%; the chemical fertilizer contains nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and potash fertilizer.

[0034] In the present invention, the chemical fertilizer can be further optimized to contain trace elements and biostimulants to promote the development of corn root system and the absorption of nutrients. At the same time, through continuous monitoring and data analysis of the soil environment, the fertilization plan is adjusted in real time to ensure the efficient use of fertilizers and reduce environmental pollution. In addition, the present invention also advocates the implementation of diversified rotation in corn planting, enhances soil biological activity, and provides a new path for sustainable development of agricultural production. The innovative planting method in the present invention not only meets the strategic requirements of green agricultural development, but also improves the quality and benefits of agricultural production.

[0035] In the present invention, the planting method proposed for improving the nitrogen fixation ability of corn can not only significantly improve the nitrogen fixation effect of corn, but also be compatible with a variety of other field management measures. These field management measures include but are not limited to the following methods: 1. Irrigation management: According to the different stages of corn growth and the specific conditions of soil moisture, the time and amount of irrigation should be reasonably arranged to ensure that the soil can maintain a suitable moisture state. This scientific irrigation management method helps corn better absorb nutrients from the soil, thereby improving its nitrogen fixation ability.

[0036] 2. Fertilizer management: Through soil testing, organic fertilizers and chemical fertilizers are scientifically applied in combination with the specific needs of corn at different growth stages. This method can effectively avoid environmental pollution problems caused by excessive fertilization, while ensuring that corn obtains sufficient nutrients and further improves its nitrogen fixation ability.

[0037] 3. Soil improvement: Regularly improve the soil, such as applying lime to adjust the soil pH, or using organic materials to increase the organic matter content in the soil. These improvement measures can significantly improve the soil's ability to retain water and fertilizer, thereby providing a more suitable growth environment for corn and further enhancing its nitrogen fixation ability.

[0038] 4. Pest and disease control: Take comprehensive prevention and control measures to reduce the use of chemical pesticides, thereby protecting corn from pests and diseases. At the same time, this method also helps maintain ecological balance, creates a good external environment for the healthy growth of corn, and thus improves its nitrogen fixation ability.

[0039] 5. Harvest management: Harvest corn in a timely manner to ensure the quality and yield of corn. Through scientific harvest management, the losses caused by improper harvesting can be effectively reduced, thereby improving the overall economic benefits of corn.

[0040] By combining the above-mentioned comprehensive management measures with the planting method of the present invention, the nitrogen fixation capacity of corn can be more effectively improved, the use of chemical nitrogen fertilizers can be reduced, and the agricultural production cost can be reduced. In addition, this method can also significantly increase the yield and nutritional value of corn, and has a positive role in promoting environmental protection and sustainable agricultural development.

[0041] The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

[0042] Sources of biological materials in the embodiments of the present invention: Bacillus megaterium was purchased from Wuxi Kaixiang Bioengineering Co., Ltd., catalog number KX-fg-jd01; Azospirllum lipoferum was purchased from the National Strain Resource Bank with the strain number ACCC19393.

[0043] Example 1 Preparation of organic compound fertilizer: 100 parts of straw, 50 parts of chicken manure, 50 parts of coffee grounds and 20 parts of peat were mixed as the basic fermentation material, inoculated with 1% mixed bacterial agent (Bacillus megaterium: lipid-producing Azospirillum = 1:1), the temperature was controlled at 32±1℃, and fermented at low temperature for 14 days to ensure the full release of nutrients in the organic fertilizer while avoiding high temperature destroying the activity of beneficial microorganisms to obtain fermented organic matter, which was mixed with urea (N46%), superphosphate (P2O5 19%) and potassium sulfate (water-soluble K2O 52%) in a weight ratio of 1:1:1:1 for standby use.

[0044] The corn variety Shaanxi K8143 was used for planting experiments. The soil was deep-turned before corn sowing to improve soil structure and increase soil aeration. The density was increased to 5,500 plants / mu for sowing. During the crop cultivation process, the irrigation management strategy followed the normative standards of traditional agricultural production. The above organic compound fertilizer was applied once during the jointing stage of corn growth, 500 kg / mu. The same amount was applied once during the corn filling period to consolidate the early nutrition and promote grain filling.

[0045] Example 2 Preparation of organic compound fertilizer: 100 parts of straw, 50 parts of chicken manure, 50 parts of coffee grounds and 20 parts of peat were mixed as the basic fermentation material, inoculated with 1% mixed bacterial agent (Bacillus megaterium: lipid-producing Azospirillum = 1:1), the temperature was controlled at 32±1℃, and fermented at low temperature for 14 days to ensure the full release of nutrients in the organic fertilizer while avoiding high temperature destroying the activity of beneficial microorganisms to obtain fermented organic matter, which was mixed with urea (N46%), superphosphate (P2O5 19%) and potassium sulfate (water-soluble K2O 52%) in a weight ratio of 1:1:1:1 for standby use.

[0046] The corn variety Jintian Jianuo No. 2 was selected for planting experiments. The soil was deep-turned before corn sowing to improve soil structure and increase soil aeration. The density was increased to 5,500 plants / mu for sowing. During the crop cultivation process, the irrigation management strategy followed the normative standards of traditional agricultural production. The above organic compound fertilizer was applied once during the jointing stage of corn growth, 500 kg / mu. The same amount was applied once during the corn filling period to consolidate the early nutrition and promote grain filling.

[0047] Example 3 Preparation of organic compound fertilizer: 100 parts of straw, 40 parts of chicken manure, 60 parts of coffee grounds and 20 parts of peat were mixed as the basic fermentation material, inoculated with 1% mixed bacterial agent (Bacillus megaterium: lipid-producing Azospirillum = 1:0.8), the temperature was controlled at 32±1℃, and fermented at low temperature for 14 days to ensure the full release of nutrients in the organic fertilizer while avoiding high temperature destroying the activity of beneficial microorganisms, and the fermented organic matter was obtained and mixed with urea (N46%), superphosphate (P2O5 19%) and potassium sulfate (water-soluble K2O 52%) in a weight ratio of 1:1:1:1 for standby use.

[0048] The corn variety Jintian Jianuo No. 2 was selected for planting experiments. The soil was deep-turned before corn sowing to improve soil structure and increase soil aeration. The density was increased to 5,500 plants / mu for sowing. During the crop cultivation process, the irrigation management strategy followed the normative standards of traditional agricultural production. The above organic compound fertilizer was applied once during the jointing stage of corn growth, 500 kg / mu. The same amount was applied once during the corn filling period to consolidate the early nutrition and promote grain filling.

[0049] Example 4 Preparation of organic compound fertilizer: 100 parts of straw, 50 parts of chicken manure, 50 parts of coffee grounds and 20 parts of peat were mixed as the basic fermentation material, inoculated with 1% mixed bacterial agent (Bacillus megaterium: lipid-producing Azospirillum = 1:1.2), the temperature was controlled at 32±1℃, and fermented at low temperature for 15 days to ensure the full release of nutrients in the organic fertilizer while avoiding high temperature destroying the activity of beneficial microorganisms to obtain fermented organic matter, which was mixed with urea (N46%), superphosphate (P2O5 19%) and potassium sulfate (water-soluble K2O 52%) in a weight ratio of 1:1:1:1 for standby use.

[0050] The corn variety Shaanxi K8143 was used for planting experiments. The soil was deep-turned before corn sowing to improve soil structure and increase soil aeration. The density was increased to 6,000 plants / mu for sowing. During the crop cultivation process, the irrigation management strategy followed the normative standards of traditional agricultural production. The above organic compound fertilizer was applied once during the jointing stage of corn growth, 500 kg / mu. The same amount was applied once during the corn filling period to consolidate the early nutrition and promote grain filling.

[0051] Example 4 Preparation of organic compound fertilizer: 100 parts of straw, 50 parts of chicken manure, 50 parts of coffee grounds and 20 parts of peat were mixed as the basic fermentation material, inoculated with 1% mixed bacterial agent (Bacillus megaterium: lipid-producing Azospirillum = 1:1), the temperature was controlled at 32±1℃, and fermented at low temperature for 14 days to ensure the full release of nutrients in the organic fertilizer while avoiding high temperature destroying the activity of beneficial microorganisms to obtain fermented organic matter, which was mixed with urea (N46%), superphosphate (P2O5 19%) and potassium sulfate (water-soluble K2O 52%) in a weight ratio of 1:1:1:1 for standby use.

[0052] The corn variety Shaanxi K8143 was used for planting experiments. The soil was deep-turned before corn sowing to improve soil structure and increase soil aeration. The density was increased to 5,500 plants / mu for sowing. During the crop cultivation process, the irrigation management strategy followed the normative standards of traditional agricultural production. The above organic compound fertilizer was applied once during the jointing stage of corn growth, 500 kg / mu. The same amount was applied once during the corn filling period to consolidate the early nutrition and promote grain filling.

[0053] Comparative Example 1 Preparation of organic compound fertilizer: 100 parts of straw, 50 parts of chicken manure, 50 parts of coffee grounds and 20 parts of peat were mixed as basic fermentation materials, inoculated with 1% of Bacillus megaterium, the temperature was controlled at 27±1℃, and fermented for 14 days to obtain fermented organic matter, which was mixed with urea (N 46%), superphosphate (P2O5 19%) and potassium sulfate (water-soluble K2O 52%) in a weight ratio of 1:1:1:1 for stand-alone use.

[0054] The corn variety Shaanxi K8143 was used for planting experiments. The soil was deep-turned before corn sowing to improve soil structure and increase soil aeration. 5,500 plants / mu were sown. During the crop cultivation process, the irrigation management strategy followed the normative standards of traditional agricultural production. The above organic compound fertilizer was applied once during the jointing stage of corn growth, 500 kg / mu. The same amount was applied once during the corn filling period to consolidate the early nutrition and promote grain filling.

[0055] Comparative Example 2 Preparation of organic compound fertilizer: 100 parts of straw, 50 parts of chicken manure, 50 parts of coffee grounds and 20 parts of peat were mixed as basic fermentation materials, inoculated with 1% of lipid-producing Azospirillum, the temperature was controlled at 37±1℃, and fermented for 14 days to obtain fermented organic matter, which was mixed with urea (N 46%), superphosphate (P2O5 19%) and potassium sulfate (water-soluble K2O 52%) in a weight ratio of 1:1:1:1 for stand-alone use.

[0056] The corn variety Shaanxi K8143 was used for planting experiments. The soil was deep-turned before corn sowing to improve soil structure and increase soil aeration. The density was increased to 5,500 plants / mu for sowing. During the crop cultivation process, the irrigation management strategy followed the normative standards of traditional agricultural production. The above organic compound fertilizer was applied once during the jointing stage of corn growth, 500 kg / mu. The same amount was applied once during the corn filling period to consolidate the early nutrition and promote grain filling.

[0057] Comparative Example 3 Preparation of compound fertilizer: Urea (N 46%), superphosphate (P2O5 19%) and potassium sulfate (water-soluble K2O 52%) were mixed in a weight ratio of 1:1:1.

[0058] The corn variety Shaanxi K8143 was used for planting experiments. The soil was deep-turned before corn sowing to improve soil structure and increase soil aeration. The density of 5,500 plants / mu was used for sowing. During the crop cultivation process, the irrigation management strategy followed the normative standards of traditional agricultural production. The above compound fertilizer was applied once during the jointing stage of corn growth, 500 kg / mu. The same amount was applied once during the corn filling period to consolidate the early nutrition and promote grain filling.

[0059] Experimental example The corn planting schemes in Example 1, Example 2, Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 are marked as experimental groups A, B, C, and D, respectively, and the corn planting scheme in Comparative Example 3 is marked as the control group. In the experiment, the total nitrogen content of the plant was determined by the Kjeldahl method at the maturity stage of corn, and the average nitrogen accumulation of the group was recorded. After harvest, the yield and 100-grain weight were recorded. The experimental results are shown in Tables 1 and 2 below.

[0060] Table 1 Statistical results of nitrogen accumulation (kg / hm 2 ) Nitrogen accumulation of plants Experimental Group A 49.69 Experimental Group B 47.78 Experimental Group C 26.90 Experimental Group D 24.90 Control group 20.67 Table 2 Statistical results of corn yield Yield (kg / hm2) 100-grain weight (g) Experimental Group A 10250.28 39.23 Experimental Group B 10286.73 39.51 Experimental Group C 8521.61 35.13 Experimental Group D 8151.26 35.68 Control group 7555.11 35.34 As can be seen from the above experimental results, the nitrogen accumulation and yield of experimental groups A and B are higher than those of the control group, indicating that the organic compound fertilizer preparation method and application strategy of the present invention can significantly improve the nitrogen absorption and yield of corn. Although experimental groups C and D also show certain effects, they are slightly inferior to experimental groups A and B, which may be related to the use of a single strain. In Comparative Example 3, due to the lack of organic compound fertilizer, its nitrogen accumulation and yield are lower than those of other experimental groups, indicating that although chemical fertilizers can provide sufficient nutrition, they cannot achieve the effect of organic compound fertilizers in improving soil fertility and crop yield. In addition, the hundred-grain weight of experimental groups A and B is also higher than that of the control group, further proving the advantages of the present invention in improving corn quality. In summary, the technical scheme of the present invention can not only effectively improve the yield and quality of corn, but also reduce the use of chemical fertilizers, which is of great significance to the sustainable development of agriculture.

[0061] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A planting method for improving the nitrogen fixation ability of corn, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Apply organic compound fertilizer during the corn growth period after sowing; The organic compound fertilizer is obtained by fermenting a compatible bacterial agent composed of Bacillus megaterium and lipid-producing nitrogen-fixing spirulina.

2. The planting method for improving the nitrogen fixation ability of corn according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sowing density is 5000-6000 plants / mu.

3. The planting method for improving the nitrogen fixation ability of corn according to claim 2, characterized in that: The method also includes deep plowing of the soil before sowing.

4. The planting method for improving the nitrogen fixation ability of corn according to claim 1, characterized in that: The application period of the organic compound fertilizer includes the jointing period and the grain filling period.

5. The planting method for improving the nitrogen fixation ability of corn according to claim 4, characterized in that: The application amount of the organic compound fertilizer is 300-800 kg / mu.

6. The planting method for improving the nitrogen fixation ability of corn according to claim 1, characterized in that: The organic compound fertilizer is prepared by a preparation method comprising the following steps: Inoculating the composite bacterial agent into the basic material and performing low-temperature fermentation to obtain fermented organic matter; The fermented organic matter is mixed with chemical fertilizers to obtain organic compound fertilizer.

7. The planting method for improving the nitrogen fixation ability of corn according to claim 6, characterized in that: The basic material includes the following components in parts by weight: 80~120 parts of straw, 40~60 parts of chicken manure, 40~60 parts of coffee grounds and 10~30 parts of peat.

8. The planting method for improving the nitrogen fixation ability of corn according to claim 6, characterized in that: The composite bacterial agent contains Bacillus megaterium and lipid-producing Azospirillum, and the weight ratio of Bacillus megaterium to lipid-producing Azospirillum is 1:0.8-1.

2.

9. The planting method for improving the nitrogen fixation ability of corn according to claim 6, characterized in that: The temperature of the low-temperature fermentation is 7 to 28 days.

10. The planting method for improving the nitrogen fixation ability of corn according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inoculation amount of the composite bacterial agent is 0.5% to 2%; The chemical fertilizer contains nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and potash fertilizer.