Insecticide for fagaceae plant seeds as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention provides an insecticide for fagaceae plant seeds as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of seed insecticides. The insecticide disclosed by the invention is prepared by mixing, crushing and granulating raw materials, wherein the raw materials comprise 70-85 wt.% of effective components and 15-30 wt.% of auxiliaries. The neonicotinoid insecticide is used as a main ingredient, vinblastine is used as a synergist, the insecticidal and insect prevention effects of the insecticide are effectively improved, the dosage of the insecticide is reduced, and the risk that fagaceae plant seeds are damaged by worms is effectively reduced and prevented. The insecticide for the fagaceae plant seeds is efficient, low in toxicity, environmentally friendly and easy to prepare, and has remarkable technical advantages and good application prospects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of seed insecticides, and in particular to an insecticide for Fagaceae plant seeds and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Fagaceae is a family of dicotyledons, widely distributed in temperate and subtropical regions of the Northern Hemisphere, especially in East Asia, Europe and North America, with more species. Representative genera include Quercus, Castanea, Fagus, etc. Most Fagaceae plants are trees, but there are also some shrubs. They are large in shape and long-lived, often found in forests, and are important forest tree species. They are usually simple leaves with serrated or wavy leaf margins. The leaves are often thick and leathery, and may wither in winter but not fall off (such as oak trees). They are monoecious, but the inflorescence is usually sexually differentiated. The male flowers are catkins, while the female flowers are smaller and often grow in the axils of leaves. The fruit is a nut with a hard shell on the outside, which may cover part or all of the nut. This shell is called "shell", which is also one of the important characteristics of Fagaceae plants.

[0003] The wood of Fagaceae trees is hard and resistant to decay, making it a high-quality timber. The fruits of some species, such as chestnuts, are edible, while the acorns of oak trees can also be used as feed. Fagaceae plants play an important role in forestry, horticulture and ecosystems.

[0004] The damage caused by insects to the seeds of Fagaceae plants mainly occurs during the development and ripening of fruits, especially in nut plants (such as oak and chestnut trees). The reason is that the seeds of Fagaceae plants are nutritious, rich in starch, fat and protein, which are particularly attractive to insects, and the seed shells of some species are thin and easily penetrated by insects. Insects feeding on Fagaceae seeds will significantly affect the natural regeneration and population stability of these plants, thereby affecting the diversity of the entire ecosystem. Therefore, prevention and control work is crucial.

[0005] However, many insects, such as weevils and borers, have evolved specialized adaptations that allow them to effectively find and invade these seeds, thereby feeding on the kernels and reducing the germination rate of seeds. In certain ecological environments, insect activity is more frequent and seeds are more vulnerable to attack. Environmental factors such as temperature and humidity can also affect the occurrence of pests. For example, insect reproduction and activity are more vigorous in high temperature and high humidity environments. These factors work together to make the seeds of Fagaceae plants susceptible to insect infestation. This results in the prevention and control of Fagaceae seeds being more cumbersome and complex, with limited effectiveness and a more obvious adverse impact on the environment. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide an insecticide for Fagaceae plant seeds, which is prepared by mixing, crushing and granulating raw materials, wherein the raw materials include active ingredients and adjuvants. The present invention mainly uses neonicotinoid insecticides and uses vinblastine as a synergist, which effectively improves the insecticidal and insect-proof effects of the insecticide, reduces the amount of insecticide used, and effectively reduces the risk of preventing Fagaceae plant seeds from being infested by insects. The insecticide of the present invention is an insecticide for Fagaceae plant seeds that is efficient, low-toxic, environmentally friendly and easy to prepare, and has significant technical advantages and good application prospects.

[0007] The present invention provides an insecticide for Fagaceae plant seeds, wherein the insecticide is prepared by mixing, crushing and granulating raw materials, wherein the raw materials include the following components in percentage by mass:

[0008] Active ingredients 70% to 85%, auxiliary agents 15% to 30%.

[0009] Preferably, the active ingredients are neonicotinoid insecticide and vinblastine. More preferably, the mass ratio of neonicotinoid insecticide to vinblastine is (10-20):1.

[0010] Preferably, the neonicotinoid insecticide is at least one of imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, clothianidin, acetamiprid, thiacloprid, dinotefuran, sulfoxaflor, and nitenpyram.

[0011] Preferably, the auxiliary agent is at least one of a dispersant, a defoamer, a wetting agent, a filler and a disintegrant.

[0012] The present invention provides a method for preparing an insecticide for Fagaceae plant seeds, the steps of which are as follows:

[0013] The active ingredients and the auxiliary agents are uniformly mixed to form a mixture, the mixture is crushed and granulated, and then dried to obtain the insecticide for Fagaceae plant seeds.

[0014] The present invention provides an application of an insecticide for Fagaceae plant seeds in preventing and controlling insect infestation of Fagaceae plant seeds. The insecticide for Fagaceae plant seeds is the insecticide for Fagaceae plant seeds described in the above technical solution.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention significantly improves the insecticidal and insect-proof effects of insecticides by using neonicotinoid insecticides as the main active ingredients and combining vinblastine as a synergist. Since the active ingredients are optimized, they can achieve good insecticidal effects even at lower usage amounts, thereby reducing the overall usage of insecticides, which not only reduces costs but also reduces the impact on the environment. The insecticide of the present invention is particularly suitable for the protection of seeds of Fagaceae plants, and can effectively prevent insect infestation and ensure the quality and yield of seeds. The preparation method of the insecticide provided by the present invention is simple and easy to implement, and has high production efficiency. The present invention uses neonicotinoid insecticides and synergists as active ingredients, which have lower toxicity than traditional organophosphorus or carbamate insecticides, have less impact on non-target organisms, and further reduce the negative impact on the environment.

[0016] The insecticide of the present invention has wide applicability and promotion value. Through reasonable formula design and preparation process, the insecticide has good physical stability and chemical stability, can maintain its efficacy for a long time, and prolongs the shelf life of the product. As a highly efficient, low-toxic, environmentally friendly and easy-to-prepare insecticide for Fagaceae plant seeds, it has significant technical advantages and good application prospects. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] The invention provides an insecticide for seeds of Fagaceae plants which is prepared by mixing, crushing and granulating raw materials.

[0019] In the present invention, the raw materials include active ingredients and adjuvants, and the mass percentage of the active ingredients is preferably 70% to 85%. If the content of the active ingredient exceeds 85wt.%, the production cost of the insecticide will increase, which is an uneconomical practice. In addition, too high an active ingredient may cause phytotoxicity, that is, damage to the seeds themselves, and may also cause unnecessary damage to non-target organisms, destroying the ecological balance. In addition, if the content of the active ingredient is too high, it will be difficult to disperse evenly during processing, affecting the efficacy and there is a risk of residual, and long-term accumulation will cause pollution to the soil and water sources. If the content of the active ingredient is less than 70wt.%, the control effect of the insecticide will be poor, and the expected insect control effect cannot be achieved. Multiple applications are required to achieve the ideal control effect, which increases labor intensity and time cost. In addition, a low content of the active ingredient means an increase in the content of the adjuvant, and an excessively high content of the adjuvant will affect the stability of the product, which is not conducive to long-term storage and use, and affects the shelf life of the product. Therefore, the mass percentage of the active ingredient of the present invention is preferably 70% to 85%, and this range is an optimal range obtained after comprehensively considering cost, control effect, environmental safety and convenience of use.

[0020] In the present invention, the active ingredients are preferably neonicotinoid insecticides and vinblastine. Among them, vinblastine is used as a synergist of neonicotinoid insecticides. As a synergist, vinblastine can significantly enhance the effect of neonicotinoid insecticides, reduce the dosage, reduce the impact on the environment, and protect non-target organisms. And through the combination of different mechanisms of action, the development of pest resistance is slowed down. Finally, during the research and development process, it was found that adding vinblastine to the insecticide can improve the stability of the preparation, so that the insecticide can still maintain a good insecticidal effect after long-term storage.

[0021] The mass ratio of neonicotinoid insecticide to vinblastine in the present invention is preferably (10-20):1, more preferably 20:1. Within this range, vinblastine can significantly enhance the effect of neonicotinoid insecticide, making it more toxic to pests. As a natural product, vinblastine has relatively high extraction and purification costs. Within this ratio range, the cost-effectiveness of the preparation is the highest, which can effectively prevent and control pests without increasing the overall cost due to the use of too many high-cost ingredients. A large number of field tests and laboratory studies have shown that within this range, the preparation can effectively prevent and control insect infestation problems in seeds of Fagaceae plants and the effect is stable and reliable.

[0022] In the present invention, the neonicotinoid insecticide is preferably at least one of imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, clothianidin, acetamiprid, thiamethoxam, dinotefuran, sulfoxaflor, and nitenpyram. In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the neonicotinoid insecticide is at least one of imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, clothianidin, and acetamiprid.

[0023] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the insecticide for seeds of Fagaceae plants is one of soluble solution, emulsifiable concentrate, water emulsion, microemulsion, oil-based suspension, flowable suspension, water dispersible granules, soluble granules, water dispersible powder, soluble powder, granules, microcapsule granules, fine granules, large granules, aqueous suspoemulsion, microcapsule suspension, microgranules, and suspension. In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the insecticide for seeds of Fagaceae plants is water dispersible granules.

[0024] Water dispersible granules (WG) are a common pesticide formulation. Compared with other formulations, WG has the advantages of being easy to use, convenient to apply, highly safe, less environmentally friendly, stable, accurate in metering, reducing dust, multifunctional, environmentally friendly, and having a good application effect. Therefore, the present invention preferably uses water dispersible granules as the formulation of the insecticide for Fagaceae plant seeds. However, according to actual use, the insecticide for Fagaceae plant seeds of the present invention can also be added with other adjuvants to prepare products of other formulations.

[0025] In the present invention, the auxiliary agent is preferably at least one of a dispersant, a defoamer, a wetting agent, a filler, and a disintegrant. In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the mass ratio of the defoamer, the wetting agent, the dispersant, the disintegrant, and the filler is (1-2): (2-4): (6-10): (5-10): (10-15).

[0026] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the dispersant is at least one of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, alkyl naphthalene sulfonate, phosphate ester salt, succinate sulfonate, lignin sulfonate, and sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate. In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate is at least one of lauryl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, coconut oil alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, hexadecyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, and tetradecyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, the alkyl naphthalene sulfonate is at least one of sodium dodecyl naphthalene sulfonate, sodium tetradecyl naphthalene sulfonate, sodium hexadecyl naphthalene sulfonate, and sodium octadecyl naphthalene sulfonate, the succinate sulfonate is at least one of dioctyl sodium succinate sulfonate, sodium diisopropyl sodium succinate sulfonate, sodium dibutyl succinate sulfonate, and sodium dodecylphenyl succinate sulfonate, and the lignin sulfonate is at least one of sulfite sodium lignin sulfonate, sulfate sodium lignin sulfonate, alkali sodium lignin sulfonate, and enzymolysis sodium lignin sulfonate.

[0027] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the defoaming agent is a silicone defoaming agent.

[0028] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the wetting agent is sodium dodecyl sulfate and / or glycerol.

[0029] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the filler is at least one of white carbon black, kaolin, diatomaceous earth, montmorillonite and talc.

[0030] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the disintegrant is at least one of dry starch, low-substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose, cross-linked sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, organic acid, sodium bicarbonate, sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium carboxymethyl starch, and white carbon black.

[0031] The present invention provides a method for preparing an insecticide for Fagaceae plant seeds, the steps of which are as follows:

[0032] The active ingredients and the auxiliary agents are uniformly mixed to form a mixture, the mixture is crushed and granulated, and then dried to obtain the insecticide for Fagaceae plant seeds.

[0033] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the mixing can be carried out by mechanical stirring, ball milling, air flow mixing or vibration mixing; the powder can be crushed by ball milling or air flow crushing; the drying method is spray drying, oven drying, vacuum drying or microwave drying. The present invention does not limit the particle size of the raw material after crushing, which is based on the convenience of subsequent product preparation. In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the drying temperature is 40°C to 50°C, and the moisture content of the material after drying is 5wt.% to 10wt.%, but the moisture content can be appropriately adjusted according to the specific formula and production process to meet the special requirements of certain specific granulation processes for moisture content.

[0034] The present invention provides an application of an insecticide for Fagaceae plant seeds in preventing and controlling insect infestation of Fagaceae plant seeds. The insecticide for Fagaceae plant seeds is the insecticide for Fagaceae plant seeds described in the above technical solution.

[0035] The present invention provides an application of an insecticide for Fagaceae plant seeds in preventing and controlling insect infestation of Fagaceae plant seeds. The insecticide for Fagaceae plant seeds is the insecticide for Fagaceae plant seeds described in the above technical solution.

[0036] In some specific embodiments of the invention, the usage of the Fagaceae plant seeds insecticide is as follows:

[0037] The insecticide for Fagaceae plant seeds is mixed with isopropyl alcohol, ethylene glycol and water to prepare an insecticide solution, which is then sprayed or immersed on the Fagaceae plant seeds.

[0038] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the content of the active ingredient in the insecticide solution is 10wt.% to 30wt.%, the content of the isopropanol is 5wt.% to 10wt.%, and the content of the ethylene glycol is 2wt.% to 5wt.%.

[0039] In order to further illustrate the present invention, the following examples are provided for detailed description. The raw materials used in the following examples of the present invention are all commercially available.

[0040] Unless otherwise specified, all experiments were repeated three times. SPSS 21.0 was used for analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan's multiple comparison analysis. The results were expressed as mean ± standard deviation, and P < 0.05 indicated a significant difference.

[0041] Embodiment 1 A pesticide for seeds of Fagaceae plants, comprising the following components in percentage by mass:

[0042] Active ingredient 70%, auxiliary agent 30%;

[0043] The active ingredients are imidacloprid and vinblastine, and the mass ratio of imidacloprid to vinblastine is 10:1.

[0044] The auxiliary agent is composed of a defoamer, a wetting agent, a dispersant, a disintegrant, and a filler in a mass ratio of 1:2:6:5:10, the defoamer is a silicone defoamer (Dow Corning ACP-1500 defoamer), the wetting agent is sodium dodecyl sulfate, the dispersant is sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, the disintegrant is cross-linked sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and the filler is diatomaceous earth.

[0045] The preparation method of the insecticide for Fagaceae plant seeds is as follows:

[0046] The active ingredients and the auxiliary agents are mechanically stirred and mixed evenly to form a mixture, the mixture is ball-milled and granulated, and dried at 50° C. to a water content of 10 wt. % to obtain an insecticide for Fagaceae plant seeds.

[0047] Embodiment 2 A pesticide for seeds of Fagaceae plants, comprising the following components in percentage by mass:

[0048] Active ingredient 85%, auxiliary agent 15%;

[0049] The active ingredients are acetamiprid and vinblastine, and the mass ratio of imidacloprid to vinblastine is 20:1.

[0050] The auxiliary agent is composed of a defoamer, a wetting agent, a dispersant, a disintegrant, and a filler in a mass ratio of 2:4:10:10:15, the defoamer is a silicone defoamer (Dow Corning ACP-1500 defoamer), the wetting agent is sodium dodecyl sulfate, the dispersant is sodium lauryl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, the disintegrant is white carbon black, and the filler is montmorillonite.

[0051] The preparation method of the insecticide for Fagaceae plant seeds is as follows:

[0052] The active ingredients and the auxiliary agents are uniformly mixed to form a mixture, the mixture is ball-milled and granulated, and dried at 40° C. to a water content of 10 wt. % to obtain an insecticide for Fagaceae plant seeds.

[0053] Embodiment 3 A pesticide for seeds of Fagaceae plants, comprising the following components in percentage by mass:

[0054] Active ingredient 80%, auxiliary agent 20%;

[0055] The active ingredients are thiamethoxam and vinblastine, and the mass ratio of imidacloprid to vinblastine is 20:1.

[0056] The auxiliary agent is composed of a defoamer, a wetting agent, a dispersant, a disintegrant, and a filler in a mass ratio of 2:4:8:12:13. The defoamer is a silicone defoamer (Dow Corning ACP-1500 defoamer), the wetting agent is sodium dodecyl sulfate, the dispersant is sodium lignin sulfonate, the disintegrant is dry starch, and the filler is kaolin.

[0057] The preparation method of the insecticide for Fagaceae plant seeds is as follows:

[0058] The active ingredients and the auxiliary agents are uniformly mixed to form a mixture, the mixture is crushed and granulated, and dried at 50° C. to a water content of 8 wt. %, to obtain an insecticide for Fagaceae plant seeds.

[0059] Test Example 1 Determination of the efficacy of insecticides

[0060] The efficacy of the insecticides obtained in Examples 1 to 3 was determined as follows:

[0061] Each insecticide is mixed with isopropanol, ethylene glycol and water to prepare an insecticide solution, wherein the content of the active ingredient of the insecticide is 20wt.%, the content of isopropanol is 10wt.%, and the content of ethylene glycol is 2wt.%.

[0062] Each solution was sprayed on chestnut fruits at a dosage of 300 g ai / 100 kg seeds, and newly emerged weevils were placed in the water. The number of adult deaths and mortality were counted every other day, and water was used as a control. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0063] Table 1 Results of insecticide efficacy determination

[0064] project mortality rate / % Comparison 0 Example 1 <![CDATA[92.97±0.25 ** ]]> Example 2 <![CDATA[93.55±0.32 ** ]]> Example 3 <![CDATA[93.79±0.19 ** ]]>

[0065] * indicates P < 0.05 compared with the control group, ** indicates P < 0.01 compared with the control group.

[0066] As shown in Table 1, the insecticide for seeds of Fagaceae plants of the present invention has a strong killing effect on nasal insects.

[0067] Test Example 2 Effect of Vinblastine Dosage on Pesticide Efficacy

[0068] Changing the mass ratio of vinblastine and imidacloprid in the insecticide, using imidacloprid as the control, and performing regression analysis on the logarithmic values ​​of each pesticide concentration and the corresponding mortality rate, the LC of each insecticide was calculated. 50 The activity coefficient was calculated and the test results are shown in Table 2.

[0069] Table 2 Test results of the effect of vinblastine dosage on the efficacy of insecticides

[0070] Active ingredients <![CDATA[LC 50 / μg·mL -1 ]]> Efficiency ratio Imidacloprid 1.0651 — Imidacloprid: Vinblastine = 5:1 0.5820 1.83 Imidacloprid:vinblastine=10:1 0.2147 4.96 Imidacloprid:vinblastine=15:1 0.2060 5.17 Imidacloprid:vinblastine=20:1 0.1601 6.65 Imidacloprid:vinblastine=25:1 0.2642 4.03 Imidacloprid: Vinblastine = 35:1 0.8453 1.26

[0071] As shown in Table 2, vinblastine has a synergistic effect on imidacloprid. When the ratio of imidacloprid to vinblastine is 25:1, it still has a good synergistic effect, but due to the high cost of vinblastine, the synergistic effect under this ratio is not optimal, so the present invention does not select this ratio for the preparation of insecticide.

[0072] Test Example 3: Effectiveness Test

[0073] Select chestnut trees with uniform growth and uniform distribution of chestnut weevils and apply the active ingredient at a dosage of 20 g / hm2. 2 Spray treatment was carried out, and the insect population base was investigated before application. The remaining number of chestnut weevils was investigated 1d, 3d, 7d, and 14d after application. The insect population reduction rate and control effect were calculated. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0074] Prevention effect (%) = (1-T1 / T2×C2 / C1)×100%

[0075] Among them, T1 is the number of individuals surviving after control in the treatment area, T2 is the number of individuals surviving before control in the treatment area, C1 is the number of individuals surviving after control in the control area, and C2 is the number of individuals surviving before control in the control area.

[0076] Table 3. Test results of protection effect

[0077]

[0078] Comparative Example 1

[0079] Same as Example 1, except that imidacloprid is replaced by an equal amount of cypermethrin.

[0080] After testing, the LC of the insecticide prepared in this comparative example and cypermethrin 50 There was no difference (P>0.05). Therefore, it can be determined that vinblastine has no obvious synergistic effect on pyrethroid insecticides. That is, among the insecticides commonly used against Fagaceae seed pests such as weevils, vinblastine only has a specific synergistic effect on neonicotinoid insecticides.

[0081] Organophosphorus insecticides (DDV, chlorpyrifos, etc.) are toxic to mammals to a certain extent and their use should generally be avoided as much as possible. Therefore, synergistic experiments on organophosphorus insecticides are not conducted.

[0082] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

Claims

1. An insecticide for Fagaceae plant seeds, characterized in that: The insecticide is prepared by mixing, crushing and granulating raw materials, and the raw materials include the following components in mass percentage: Active ingredients 70% to 85%, auxiliary agents 15% to 30%; The active ingredients are neonicotinoid insecticides and vinblastine.

2. The insecticide for Fagaceae plant seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the neonicotinoid insecticide to vinblastine is (10-20):

1.

3. The insecticide for Fagaceae plant seeds according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the neonicotinoid insecticide to vinblastine is 20:

1.

4. The insecticide for Fagaceae plant seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: The neonicotinoid insecticide is at least one of imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, clothianidin, acetamiprid, thiacloprid, dinotefuran, sulfoxaflor, and nitenpyram.

5. The insecticide for Fagaceae plant seeds according to claim 4, characterized in that: The neonicotinoid insecticide is at least one of imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, clothianidin and acetamiprid.

6. The insecticide for Fagaceae plant seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: The insecticide for seeds of Fagaceae plants is one of soluble liquid, emulsifiable concentrate, water emulsion, microemulsion, oil-based suspension, flowable suspension, water-dispersible granules, soluble granules, water-dispersible powder, soluble powder, granules, microcapsule granules, fine granules, large granules, aqueous suspoemulsion, microcapsule suspension, microgranules and suspension.

7. The insecticide for Fagaceae plant seeds according to claim 6, characterized in that: The insecticide for Fagaceae plant seeds is water dispersible granules.

8. The insecticide for Fagaceae plant seeds according to claim 7, characterized in that: When the insecticide for Fagaceae plant seeds is a water-dispersible granule, the auxiliary agent is at least one of a dispersant, a defoamer, a wetting agent, a filler and a disintegrant.

9. The method for preparing the insecticide for Fagaceae plant seeds according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: Here are the steps: The active ingredients and the auxiliary agents are uniformly mixed to form a mixture, the mixture is crushed and granulated, and then dried to obtain the insecticide for Fagaceae plant seeds.

10. Use of an insecticide for Fagaceae plant seeds in preventing and controlling insect infestation of Fagaceae plant seeds, characterized in that: The insecticide for Fagaceae plant seeds is the insecticide for Fagaceae plant seeds according to any one of claims 1 to 8 or the insecticide for Fagaceae plant seeds prepared by the method according to claim 9.

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