An ore crushing and pulping system and process

Abstract

This invention discloses an ore crushing and pulping system and process, belonging to the field of ore crushing technology. It includes a multi-dimensional rotary toothed pulverizer with a feed inlet at one of its upper openings. An air classifier is mounted on the top of the pulverizer, and an air inlet pipe is connected to its bottom side wall. A fan is mounted at the other end of the air inlet pipe. Several hydrocyclones are connected to the top of the air classifier via pipes. The tops of the hydrocyclones are connected to the fan via return air pipes, and the bottoms of the hydrocyclones are connected to a pulping tank. The pulping tank is connected to a finished pulp pool via a pulp pump. A vacuum exhaust fan and a dust collector are mounted on the return air pipes. This invention's ore crushing and pulping system and process features a short process path, small equipment footprint, high efficiency, low energy consumption, and energy saving and emission reduction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ore crushing technology, and in particular to an ore crushing and pulping system and process. Background Technology

[0002] The ore crushing and pulping process mainly includes the following steps:

[0003] Ore crushing: First, large pieces of ore need to be crushed by a crusher to break them down into smaller particles for subsequent processing.

[0004] Grinding: Next, the crushed ore is ground into finer particles using a grinding mill. This step is to increase the specific surface area of ​​the ore and improve the efficiency of subsequent processing.

[0005] Pulping: The ground ore powder is mixed with water to form a slurry. This process not only dissolves the useful components of the ore in water, but also facilitates subsequent chemical processing or separation processes.

[0006] However, in actual processing, to crush the ore to below 10mm, multiple steps are typically required, including a jaw crusher, a cone crusher, a tertiary cone crusher, and ball mill grinding and pulping. This not only results in long preparation times and large equipment footprints, but also causes dust overflow and environmental pollution in the pneumatic separation process, and consumes significant energy. Therefore, this invention proposes an ore crushing and pulping system and process. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide an ore crushing and pulping system and process to solve the problems mentioned above.

[0008] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0009] This invention discloses an ore crushing and slurry preparation system, comprising a multi-dimensional rotary toothed crusher. A feed inlet is provided at the opening on one side of the upper end of the multi-dimensional rotary toothed crusher. An air classifier is installed at the top of the multi-dimensional rotary toothed crusher, and an air inlet pipe is connected to the bottom side wall. A fan is installed at the other end of the air inlet pipe. Several hydrocyclones are connected to the top of the air classifier via pipes. The top of each hydrocyclone is connected to the fan via a return air pipe, and the bottom of each hydrocyclone is connected to a slurry preparation tank. The slurry preparation tank is connected to a finished slurry pool via a slurry pump. A vacuum exhaust fan and a dust collector are installed on the return air pipe.

[0010] Furthermore, the multidimensional rotary tooth pulverizer includes an outer shell, a pulverizing body is disposed in the middle of the inner shell, an inner cylinder is disposed above the pulverizing body, and the feed inlet is connected to the side wall of the inner cylinder; the upper part of the outer shell is a powder outlet and air outlet channel and a return material channel; a transmission component is disposed at the bottom of the pulverizing body, and the transmission component is driven by a drive device; an air inlet connected to the air inlet pipe is opened on the bottom outer wall of the outer shell, and an air inlet grille for air passage is disposed on the bottom outer wall of the pulverizing body.

[0011] Furthermore, the powder outlet and air outlet channels and the return material channel are distributed in concentric circles.

[0012] Furthermore, the crushing body includes a stator and a matching crushing rotor, and there is a material processing space between the stator and the crushing rotor.

[0013] Furthermore, the stator includes a plurality of screen bars and a rack distributed at intervals, the plurality of screen bars being equidistantly distributed, and there being a gap between adjacent screen bars; the crushing rotor includes a multidimensional spiral groove, the outer wall of the multidimensional spiral groove being provided with a plurality of toothed grooves matching the rack, a shaft hole being provided at the center of the multidimensional spiral groove, a rotating shaft being provided in the shaft hole, and the rotating shaft being connected to the transmission assembly.

[0014] Furthermore, the size of the gap between the screen bars is 0.5-5mm.

[0015] The ore crushing and pulping process includes the following steps:

[0016] Step 1: After primary crushing and screening, qualified ore is sent to a multi-dimensional rotary toothed pulverizer for further crushing and powdering, while unqualified ore is crushed again.

[0017] Step 2: The multi-dimensional rotary toothed pulverizer pulverizes the ore to below 1mm to form mineral powder;

[0018] Step 3: The crushed mineral powder is sent to the air classifier by negative pressure air. The air classifier sends the unqualified mineral powder with particles larger than 0.075mm back to the multi-dimensional rotary tooth crusher, where it is mixed with the ore and crushed again. The qualified mineral powder is sent to the hydrocyclone.

[0019] Step 4: The mineral powder undergoes gas-solid separation in the hydrocyclone. The solid settles at the bottom of the hydrocyclone, and the gas is discharged from the outlet of the hydrocyclone and sent back to the inlet of the blower along the return air duct.

[0020] Step 5: The mineral powder separated from the lower part of the hydrocyclone falls into the pulping tank, is mixed with water and stirred to make qualified slurry, and then pumped to the finished slurry tank to complete the crushing and pulping of the ore.

[0021] Step six: The wind power system driven by the fan passes through the multi-dimensional rotary tooth pulverizer, wind classifier, and hydrocyclone. After the gas is separated by the vacuum exhaust fan and dust collector, it is sent back to the fan, forming a closed loop.

[0022] Furthermore, after primary crushing and screening, the ore in step one is sent to a multi-dimensional rotary toothed pulverizer, while the ore larger than 50mm is re-crushed.

[0023] Furthermore, in step two, the mineral powder particles with a size smaller than 0.075 mm account for more than 60% of the total.

[0024] Furthermore, in step three, after the powder is sent to the air classifier, it encounters a rotating mesh cage at a certain speed, which reduces the wind speed. Large particles cannot be carried away by the wind and fall back to the multi-dimensional rotary tooth pulverizer below through the return channel. Small particles are sent out through the gaps in the mesh cage. The higher the rotation speed of the mesh cage, the lower the wind speed and the finer the selected particles. By adjusting the rotation speed of the mesh cage, powders with different fineness requirements can be selected.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0026] First, the energy consumption of the multi-dimensional rotary tooth pulverizer is lower than that of the ball mill. There is no self-contact loss of the grinding body, no ultrafine powder is generated, and the pulverized mineral powder product has more uniform particle size.

[0027] Secondly, the ore crushing and pulping process has a shorter path than the traditional process, which makes its equipment occupy less space and has higher efficiency.

[0028] Third, the negative pressure air-assisted powder selection process can ensure that the entire system operates under negative pressure, with no dust overflow, thus protecting the environment and reducing the difficulty of sealing the system.

[0029] Fourth, using a closed-loop air supply system can save on wind power consumption and energy consumption;

[0030] Fifth, the vacuum exhaust fan and dust collector can ensure the negative pressure operation of the system.

[0031] In summary, the ore crushing and pulping system and process of this invention has a short process path, small equipment footprint, high efficiency, low energy consumption, and energy saving and emission reduction. Attached Figure Description

[0032] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the ore crushing and pulping system of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the ore crushing and pulping system of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3This is a bottom view of the ore crushing and pulping system of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a multidimensional rotary tooth pulverizer;

[0037] Figure 5 This is a top view of a multi-dimensional rotary tooth pulverizer;

[0038] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of a multi-dimensional rotary tooth pulverizer;

[0039] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram showing the location of the transmission components;

[0040] Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of the main body of a multi-dimensional rotary tooth pulverizer;

[0041] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the stator structure;

[0042] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the crushing rotor structure;

[0043] Figure 11 Flowchart of ore crushing and pulping process;

[0044] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Air classifier; 2. Feed inlet; 3. Blower; 4. Multidimensional rotary tooth pulverizer; 5. Air inlet pipe; 6. Return air pipe; 7. Hydrocyclone; 8. Pulping tank; 9. Pulp pump;

[0045] 401. Powder and air outlet channel; 402. Return material channel; 403. Air inlet; 404. Stator; 405. Crushing rotor; 406. Air inlet grille; 407. Transmission assembly; 408. Drive unit; 409. Material processing space; 410. Screen bar gap; 411. Screen bar; 412. Rack; 413. Shaft hole; 414. Multi-dimensional spiral groove; 415. Groove. Detailed Implementation

[0046] like Figure 1-3 As shown, an ore crushing and slurry preparation system and process includes a multi-dimensional rotary toothed crusher 4. A feed inlet 2 is installed at the opening on one side of the upper end of the multi-dimensional rotary toothed crusher 4. An air classifier 1 is installed on the top of the multi-dimensional rotary toothed crusher 4, and an air inlet pipe 5 is connected to the bottom side wall. A fan 3 is installed at the other end of the air inlet pipe 5. Several hydrocyclones 7 are connected to the top of the air classifier 1 via pipes. The top of the hydrocyclones 7 is connected to the fan 3 via a return air pipe 6. A slurry preparation tank 8 is connected to the bottom of the hydrocyclones 7. The slurry preparation tank 8 is connected to a finished slurry pool via a slurry pump 9. A vacuum exhaust fan and a dust collector are installed on the return air pipe 6, ensuring negative pressure operation of the entire system, preventing dust overflow, protecting the environment, and reducing the sealing difficulty of the system.

[0047] like Figure 4-7 As shown, the multi-dimensional rotary tooth pulverizer 4 includes an outer shell. A pulverizing body is installed in the middle of the inner shell, and an inner cylinder is installed above the pulverizing body. The feed inlet 2 is connected to the side wall of the inner cylinder. The upper part of the outer shell has a powder and air outlet channel 401 and a return channel 402, which are concentrically distributed. A transmission assembly 407 is installed at the bottom of the pulverizing body, and the transmission assembly 407 is driven by a drive device 408. An air inlet 403 connected to the air inlet pipe 5 is opened on the bottom outer wall of the outer shell. An air inlet grille 406 for air passage is installed on the bottom outer wall of the pulverizing body. The function of the air inlet grille 406 is to prevent powder from falling onto the transmission assembly 407 below.

[0048] like Figure 8 As shown, the crushing body includes a stator 404 and a matching crushing rotor 405. There is a material processing space 409 between the stator 404 and the crushing rotor 405. During operation, ore blocks fall into the material processing space 409 for processing.

[0049] like Figure 9 As shown, the stator 404 includes a plurality of screen bars 411 and a rack 412 spaced apart. The screen bars 411 are equidistantly distributed, and there is a screen bar gap 410 between adjacent screen bars 411. The size of the screen bar gap 410 is 0.5-5mm. After the ore is crushed into fine powder, it enters the powder discharge and air outlet channel 401 through the screen bar gap 410 under the action of centrifugal force. The pressurized air sent by the blower 3 enters the powder discharge and air outlet channel 401 from the air inlet 403 through the air inlet grille 406.

[0050] like Figure 10 As shown, the crushing rotor 405 includes a multi-dimensional spiral groove 414, which is a non-linear curved surface. The spiral angle, spiral depth, and spiral direction of the multi-dimensional spiral groove 414 are all variable. Several toothed grooves 415 matching the rack 412 are formed on the outer wall of the multi-dimensional spiral groove 414. The rack 412 and the toothed grooves 415 mesh with each other, maintaining a small gap. A shaft hole 413 is formed at the center of the multi-dimensional spiral groove 414, and a rotating shaft is installed in the shaft hole 413. The rotating shaft is connected to the transmission assembly 407.

[0051] During operation, the crushing rotor 405 rotates at high speed, and the ore blocks fall into the material processing space 409. The rack 412 and the tooth groove 415 cut the stones into small pieces. Driven by the multi-dimensional spiral groove 414, the small particles move at high speed in different directions, forming mutual collisions or friction between the particles, that is, the collisions and friction between the particles and the stator 404 and the crushing rotor 405. The particles quickly become fine powder. Under the action of centrifugal force, the fine powder flies out of the material processing space 409 from the gap 410 of the screen bars, completing the crushing of the ore.

[0052] The multidimensional rotary tooth pulverizer has the following advantages over traditional mills:

[0053] (1) It is more in line with the crushing mechanism of brittle materials such as ores. For brittle materials, the crushing and fracture energy consumed by shearing and impact is less than that consumed by grinding and extrusion. The crushing mechanism of mill products is mainly the grinding and extrusion of materials by the grinding media. The falling steel balls of the ball mill have a certain impact on the material, but due to the limitation of the slow rotation speed of the ball mill (15-25 rpm), the impact speed is very small, and extrusion and grinding are still the main methods. The multi-dimensional rotary tooth pulverizer mainly relies on high-speed shearing to crush materials. At the same time, under the high-speed rotation drive of the multi-dimensional curved surface, the material moves and impacts at high speed in the processing area. The movement speed of the material particles in the processing area is hundreds to thousands of times that of the mill. The probability of kinetic energy being converted into fracture potential energy is greatly increased, and the crushing energy consumption is greatly reduced. Therefore, the energy consumption of the multi-dimensional rotary tooth pulverizer is lower than that of the mill.

[0054] (2) The multidimensional rotary tooth pulverizer 4 eliminates the self-contact loss of the grinding media. In ball mills, direct contact and collision between the steel balls and between the steel balls and the liners are inevitable, which exacerbates wear and consumes a lot of wasted energy, resulting in low efficiency and severe wear of the ball mill. Vertical mills and other mills also inevitably have direct contact between the grinding disc and the grinding media. However, the multidimensional rotary tooth pulverizer 4 in this application uses micro-gap cutting, and there is no direct contact between the blades, eliminating the self-consumption energy of the blades, which further improves the efficiency of the pulverizer; at the same time, the wear of the blades will be reduced by more than 99% compared with mills.

[0055] (3) The multi-dimensional rotary toothed pulverizer 4 produces more uniform mineral powder particles. The multi-dimensional rotary toothed pulverizer 4 employs a processing method that simultaneously performs pulverization and high-speed centrifugal screening. Particles meeting the required particle size are quickly separated from the machine body, thus preventing over-grinding of the mineral powder and reducing wasted energy consumption. Studies show that reducing the average particle size from 40μm to 20μm results in a 200% increase in energy consumption. To ensure thorough pulverization of the ore, the proportion of large particles in ball mills is generally controlled, typically with particles larger than 75μm ≤ 10%. For grinding mills, when this standard is met, particles smaller than 38μm account for 30% of the mineral powder. However, using the multi-dimensional rotary toothed pulverizer 4, achieving the same particle size control, particles smaller than 38μm account for only 5% of the mineral powder.

[0056] like Figure 11 As shown, the ore crushing and pulping process includes the following steps:

[0057] Step 1: After primary crushing and screening, ore smaller than 50mm is sent to the multi-dimensional rotary toothed pulverizer 4, while ore larger than 50mm is crushed again.

[0058] Step 2: The multi-dimensional rotary toothed pulverizer 4 pulverizes the ore to below 1mm to form mineral powder;

[0059] Step 3: The crushed mineral powder is sent to the air classifier 1 under negative pressure. The air classifier 1 returns the unqualified mineral powder with particles larger than 0.075mm to the multi-dimensional rotary toothed pulverizer 4, where it is mixed with the ore and crushed again. The qualified mineral powder is sent to the hydrocyclone 7. The mineral powder with a particle size smaller than 0.075mm accounts for more than 60% of the total. Specifically, after the powder is sent to the air classifier 1, it encounters a rotating mesh cage at a certain speed, which reduces the wind speed. Large particles (greater than 0.075mm) cannot be carried away by the wind and fall back to the multi-dimensional rotary toothed pulverizer 4 below through the return channel 402. Small particles are sent out through the gaps in the mesh cage. The higher the rotation speed of the mesh cage, the lower the wind speed, and the finer the selected particles. Therefore, by adjusting the rotation speed of the mesh cage, powders with different fineness requirements can be selected.

[0060] Step 4: The mineral powder undergoes gas-solid separation in the hydrocyclone 7. The solid settles at the bottom of the hydrocyclone 7, and the gas is discharged from the outlet of the hydrocyclone 7 and sent back to the inlet of the blower 3 along the return air duct 6.

[0061] Step 5: The mineral powder separated from the lower part of the hydrocyclone 7 falls into the pulping tank 8, is mixed with water and stirred to make qualified mineral slurry, and then pumped to the finished product slurry tank to complete the crushing and pulping of the ore.

[0062] Step 6: The wind power system driven by the fan 3 passes through the multi-dimensional rotary tooth pulverizer 4, the wind classifier 1, and the hydrocyclone 7. After the gas is separated by the vacuum exhaust fan and the dust collector, it is sent back to the fan 3, forming a closed loop, which can save wind power consumption and energy consumption.

[0063] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ore crushing and pulping system, characterized in that: The device includes a multi-dimensional rotary tooth pulverizer (4), with a feed inlet (2) at one side of the upper end of the multi-dimensional rotary tooth pulverizer (4), an air classifier (1) at the top of the multi-dimensional rotary tooth pulverizer (4), and an air inlet pipe (5) connected to the bottom side wall; a fan (3) is provided at the other end of the air inlet pipe (5), and several hydrocyclones (7) are connected to the top of the air classifier (1) through a pipeline; the top of the hydrocyclones (7) is connected to the fan (3) through a return air pipe (6), and the bottom of the hydrocyclones (7) is connected to a pulping tank (8), which is connected to a finished pulp pool through a slurry pump (9); a vacuum exhaust fan and a dust collector are provided on the return air pipe (6); The multidimensional rotary tooth pulverizer (4) includes an outer shell, a pulverizing body is disposed in the middle of the inner shell, an inner cylinder is disposed above the pulverizing body, and the feed inlet (2) is connected to the side wall of the inner cylinder; the upper part of the outer shell is a powder discharge and air discharge channel (401) and a return channel (402), a transmission assembly (407) is disposed at the bottom of the pulverizing body, and the transmission assembly (407) is driven by a drive device (408); an air inlet (403) connected to the air inlet pipe (5) is opened on the bottom outer wall of the outer shell, and an air inlet grille (406) for air passage is disposed on the bottom outer wall of the pulverizing body; the powder discharge and air discharge channel ( The crushing body includes a stator (404) and a crushing rotor (405) that are matched therewith. There is a material processing space (409) between the stator (404) and the crushing rotor (405). The stator (404) includes a number of screen bars (411) and a rack (412) that are spaced apart. The screen bars (411) are equidistantly distributed and there is a screen bar gap (410) between adjacent screen bars (411). The crushing rotor (405) includes a multi-dimensional spiral groove (414). The outer wall of the multi-dimensional spiral groove (414) is provided with a number of tooth grooves (415) that match the rack (412).

2. The ore crushing and pulping system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A shaft hole (413) is provided at the center of the multidimensional spiral groove (414), and a rotating shaft is provided in the shaft hole (413), which is connected to the transmission assembly (407).

3. The ore crushing and pulping system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The size of the gap (410) between the screen bars is 0.5-5 mm.

4. The ore crushing and pulping process based on the ore crushing and pulping system according to claim 3, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Step 1: After primary crushing and screening, qualified ore is sent to a multi-dimensional rotary toothed pulverizer (4) for further crushing and powdering, while unqualified ore is crushed again. Step 2: The multi-dimensional rotary toothed pulverizer (4) pulverizes the ore to less than 1 mm to form mineral powder; Step 3: The crushed mineral powder is sent to the air classifier (1) by negative pressure air. The air classifier (1) returns the unqualified mineral powder with particles larger than 0.075mm to the multi-dimensional rotary tooth crusher (4), mixes it with the ore and crushes it again; qualified mineral powder is sent to the hydrocyclone (7). Step 4: The mineral powder undergoes gas-solid separation in the hydrocyclone (7). The solid settles at the bottom of the hydrocyclone (7), and the gas is discharged from the outlet of the hydrocyclone (7) and sent back to the inlet of the blower (3) along the return air duct (6). Step 5: The mineral powder separated from the lower part of the hydrocyclone (7) falls into the pulping tank (8), is mixed with water and stirred to make qualified slurry, and then pumped to the finished slurry pool to complete the crushing and pulping of the ore; Step six: The wind system driven by the fan (3) passes through the multi-dimensional rotary tooth pulverizer (4), the wind classifier (1), and the hydrocyclone (7), and then the gas is separated by the vacuum exhaust fan and the dust collector and sent back to the fan (3), forming a closed loop.

5. The ore crushing and pulping process according to claim 4, characterized in that: After primary crushing and screening, the ore in step one is sent to the multidimensional rotary tooth crusher (4) for ore smaller than 50mm, and the ore larger than 50mm is crushed again.

6. The ore crushing and pulping process according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step two, the mineral powder particles with a size smaller than 0.075 mm account for more than 60% of the total.

7. The ore crushing and pulping process according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step three, after the powder is sent to the air classifier (1), it encounters a rotating mesh cage at a certain speed, which reduces the wind speed. Large particles cannot be carried away by the wind and fall back to the multi-dimensional rotary tooth pulverizer (4) below through the return channel (402). Small particles are sent out through the gaps in the mesh cage. The higher the rotation speed of the mesh cage, the lower the wind speed and the finer the selected particles. By adjusting the rotation speed of the mesh cage, powders with different fineness requirements can be selected.

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