Control method of bolt tensioner and bolt tensioner

Abstract

The invention provides a control method of a bolt stretcher and the bolt stretcher, and belongs to the technical field of bolt stretching installation. The method comprises the steps that S1, based on target pre-tightening force of bolt installation, theoretical stretching force applied to a bolt is determined; s2, the bolt is stretched based on the theoretical stretching force; s3, after a preset time length or after a nut tightening signal is received, the actual drawing force is obtained; s4, the actual stretching force is adjusted to be a preset value, the displacement amount of the bolt is obtained, and the actual pre-tightening force of bolt stretching is obtained through calculation; s5, if the difference value between the actual pre-tightening force and the target pre-tightening force is larger than a set threshold value, based on the difference value and the obtained actual stretching force, corrected stretching force is obtained through calculation, the bolt is stretched according to the corrected stretching force, and the step S3 is executed again; and if the difference value between the actual pre-tightening force and the target pre-tightening force is not larger than a set threshold value, stretching of the bolt is completed. In the bolt stretching process, the stretching force can be dynamically adjusted according to the displacement of the bolt, and precise stretching of the bolt is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of bolt tensioning installation, and in particular to a control method of a bolt tensioner, a bolt tensioner, an electronic device and a readable storage medium. Background Art

[0002] At present, bolt tensioners are mostly used to stretch and fix large-sized bolts. Bolt tensioners use the hydraulic source provided by a hydraulic booster pump (ultra-high pressure hydraulic pump) to determine the tensile force according to the tensile strength, yield coefficient and elongation of the bolt material. The tension generated by the ultra-high pressure oil pump is used to stretch the bolts to which force is applied in their elastic deformation zone, and then the nuts are screwed close to the mounting flange surface. After the bolts to which force is applied are released, the bolts shrink to obtain the bolt preload. The biggest advantage of the tensioner is that it allows multiple bolts to be tightened and disassembled at the same time with a fixed value, and the force is evenly distributed.

[0003] However, the existing bolt tensioners are unable to accurately monitor and adjust the tension during the stretching process, and are unable to achieve precise stretching, which can easily lead to insufficient stretching or over-stretching. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a control method for a bolt tensioner and a bolt tensioner, so as to solve the problem that the above-mentioned existing bolt tensioners cannot accurately monitor and adjust the tension during the stretching process, cannot achieve precise stretching, and easily lead to insufficient stretching or over-stretching.

[0005] In a first aspect, in order to achieve the above-mentioned object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a control method of a bolt tensioner, the method comprising:

[0006] S1. Determine the theoretical tensile force applied to the bolt based on the target preload force of the bolt installation;

[0007] S2, tension bolts based on theoretical tensile force;

[0008] S3, after a preset time or after receiving a nut tightening signal, obtaining the actual tensile force;

[0009] S4, adjusting the actual tensile force to a preset value, obtaining the displacement of the bolt, and calculating the actual preload force of the bolt based on the displacement;

[0010] S5. If the difference between the actual preload force and the target preload force is greater than the set threshold, a corrected tensile force is calculated based on the difference and the actual tensile force obtained, the bolt is stretched according to the corrected tensile force, and the process returns to step S3;

[0011] If the difference between the actual preload and the target preload is not greater than the set threshold, the bolt is stretched.

[0012] Optionally, based on the target preload force of the bolt installation, determine the theoretical tensile force to be applied to the bolt, including:

[0013] Based on the target preload force, the corresponding theoretical tensile force is obtained by using a preset relationship table or a preset relationship curve, and the preset relationship table or the preset relationship curve is used to characterize the corresponding relationship between different target preload forces and the theoretical tensile force.

[0014] Optionally, based on the displacement, calculating the actual preload force of the bolt tension includes:

[0015] The actual preload force of the bolt is calculated using the following formula:

[0016] F = K·Δl+b;

[0017] Among them, F is the actual preload; K and b are fitting coefficients; Δl is the displacement.

[0018] Optionally, obtaining a corrected tensile force based on the difference and the theoretical tensile force comprises:

[0019] The corrected tensile force is calculated using the following formula:

[0020] F′=ΔF·K+F;

[0021] Among them, F′ is the corrected tensile force; ΔF is the difference between the actual preload force and the target preload force; K is the fitting coefficient; and F is the actual preload force.

[0022] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a bolt tensioner, the bolt tensioner comprising:

[0023] A stretching mechanism, connected to the bolt, for applying an axial tensile force to the bolt to stretch the bolt;

[0024] A displacement detection sensor is arranged on the stretching mechanism through a bracket and is used to detect the displacement of the bolt after the stretching is completed;

[0025] The bolt tensioning controller is connected to the displacement detection sensor and the control end of the tensioning mechanism, and is used to execute the control method of the bolt tensioner.

[0026] Optionally, the displacement detection sensor is a Hall displacement sensor, and the Hall displacement sensor is in contact with the upper end surface of the bolt.

[0027] Optionally, the bracket includes:

[0028] An inverted U-shaped mounting bracket, wherein the displacement detection sensor is arranged on the inverted U-shaped mounting bracket;

[0029] Two connecting pieces are arranged oppositely at two ends of the inverted U-shaped mounting bracket, and the connecting pieces are connected to the stretching mechanism.

[0030] Optionally, the stretching mechanism is a hydraulic stretching mechanism.

[0031] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the above-mentioned control method of the bolt tensioner when executing the computer program.

[0032] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a readable storage medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions being used to enable a machine to execute the above-mentioned control method for the bolt tensioner.

[0033] During the process of stretching the bolt through the bolt tensioner, the technical solution can dynamically adjust the stretching force according to the displacement of the bolt to achieve accurate stretching of the bolt, avoid insufficient stretching or over-stretching, and effectively reduce the preload deviation after installation.

[0034] Other features and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail in the subsequent detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the following specific implementations, they are used to explain the embodiments of the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0036] Figure 1 is a flow chart of a control method of a bolt tensioner provided by the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the bolt tensioner provided by the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a partial structure of the bolt tensioner provided by the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the bolt tensioner provided by the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 It is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of the bolt tensioner provided by the present invention;

[0041] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the bolt tensioner provided by the present invention during calibration;

[0042] Figure 7It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a partial structure of the stretching mechanism provided by the present invention during calibration;

[0043] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of damage stress change provided by the present invention.

[0044] Description of Reference Numerals

[0045] 1- stretching mechanism; 2- displacement detection sensor; 3- bracket;

[0046] 4-bolt tension controller; 6-spoke dynamometer; 11-base;

[0047] 12- hydraulic cylinder; 13- piston; 14- stretching head;

[0048] 15-hexagonal sleeve; 16-shift lever; 21-bolt;

[0049] 22-lower nut; 23-lower gasket; 24-upper nut;

[0050] 25-upper gasket; 31-inverted U-shaped mounting bracket; 32-connecting piece;

[0051] 33- sensor bracket gasket; 34- sensor bracket bolt; 41- processor;

[0052] 42-display; 43-input keyboard; 44-power control box;

[0053] 45- hydraulic pump motor; 46- pressure sensor; 47- proportional relief valve;

[0054] 48-hydraulic station; 51-first flange; 52-second flange;

[0055] 53-calibrated lower flange; 54-calibrated upper flange; 111-through hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] The specific implementation of the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific implementation described here is only used to illustrate and explain the embodiment of the present invention, and is not used to limit the embodiment of the present invention.

[0057] In the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, directional words such as "up, down, left, right" generally refer to the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the directions or positional relationships in which the inventive product is usually placed when in use.

[0058] The terms “first”, “second”, “third”, etc. are merely used for distinguishing descriptions and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0059] The terms "parallel", "vertical", etc. do not mean that the components must be absolutely parallel or vertical, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "parallel" only means that its direction is more parallel than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely parallel, but can be slightly tilted.

[0060] The terms "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging" and the like do not mean that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal, vertical or overhanging, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0061] In addition, the terms "roughly" and "basically" are intended to explain that the relevant content does not require absolute precision, but can have certain deviations. For example, "roughly equal" does not only mean absolute equality. Since it is difficult to achieve absolute "equality" in actual production and operation, there are generally certain deviations. Therefore, in addition to absolute equality, "roughly equal" also includes the above-mentioned situation with certain deviations. Taking this as an example, in other cases, unless otherwise specified, the terms "roughly" and "basically" have similar meanings to the above.

[0062] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0063] Figure 1 is a flow chart of a control method of a bolt tensioner provided by the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the bolt tensioner provided by the present invention; Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a partial structure of the bolt tensioner provided by the present invention; Figure 4 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the bolt tensioner provided by the present invention; Figure 5 It is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of the bolt tensioner provided by the present invention; Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the bolt tensioner provided by the present invention during calibration; Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a partial structure of the stretching mechanism provided by the present invention during calibration; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of damage stress change provided by the present invention.

[0064] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a control method for a bolt tensioner, the method comprising:

[0065] S1. Determine the theoretical tensile force applied to the bolt based on the target preload force of the bolt installation;

[0066] S2, tension bolts based on theoretical tensile force;

[0067] S3, after a preset time or after receiving a nut tightening signal, obtaining the actual tensile force;

[0068] S4, adjusting the actual tensile force to a preset value, obtaining the displacement of the bolt, and calculating the actual preload force of the bolt based on the displacement;

[0069] S5. If the difference between the actual preload force and the target preload force is greater than the set threshold, a corrected tensile force is calculated based on the difference and the actual tensile force obtained, the bolt is stretched according to the corrected tensile force, and the process returns to step S3;

[0070] If the difference between the actual preload and the target preload is not greater than the set threshold, the bolt is stretched.

[0071] Specifically, in this embodiment, during the installation process, the bolts are passed through the two flanges to be connected, and the nuts are screwed on, and then the bolt tensioner is installed on the flange and the bolts, and the bolt tensioning is carried out:

[0072] First, when the bolt is stretched for the first time, it is necessary to determine the theoretical stretching force to be applied to the bolt according to the target preload set for the bolt installation; and stretch the bolt according to the theoretical stretching force by controlling the bolt stretcher; first maintain the stretching force for a certain period of time (such as 5 seconds), and then the operator tightens the nut, and then after a preset period of time (such as 20 seconds) or after tightening the nut, after receiving the nut tightening signal sent by the operator, obtain the actual stretching force; adjust the actual stretching force to a preset value (preferably, the preset value is 0, that is, control the bolt stretcher not to apply a stretching force to the bolt), at this time, obtain the displacement of the bolt, and calculate the bolt tension based on the obtained displacement. The actual preload force of the stretching is calculated, and the calculated actual preload force is compared with the target preload force; if the difference between the actual preload force and the target preload force is not greater than the set threshold (preferably, the set threshold is set to 5%), it means that the deviation is small and meets the set requirements, and the stretching of the bolt is ended at this time; if the difference between the actual preload force and the target preload force is greater than the set threshold, it means that the deviation is large, and it is necessary to calculate the corrected stretching force based on the difference between the two and the actual stretching force obtained during this stretching process, and then control the bolt tensioner to stretch the bolt according to the corrected stretching force, and return to the step of obtaining the actual stretching force after the preset time or receiving the nut tightening signal, and execute it in a loop. In each cycle, the stretching force of the next stretching will be corrected according to the calculated difference and the actual stretching force obtained, so as to realize dynamic adjustment of the stretching force and accurate stretching of the bolt, and the comprehensive accuracy of the installation preload force measurement can reach 0.05% FS. The installation preload force deviation is less than ±5%.

[0073] Furthermore, based on the target preload force of the bolt installation, the theoretical tensile force applied to the bolt is determined, including:

[0074] Based on the target preload force, the corresponding theoretical tensile force is obtained by using a preset relationship table or a preset relationship curve, and the preset relationship table or the preset relationship curve is used to characterize the corresponding relationship between different target preload forces and the theoretical tensile force.

[0075] Specifically, the corresponding relationship between the target preload force and the theoretical tensile force can be output quickly and accurately through a preset relationship table or a preset relationship curve; wherein the preset relationship table or the preset relationship curve is obtained by analyzing the historical target preload force and the historical theoretical tensile force.

[0076] Further, based on the displacement, the actual preload force of the bolt is calculated, including:

[0077] The actual preload force of the bolt is calculated using the following formula:

[0078] F = K·Δl+b;

[0079] Among them, F is the actual preload; K and b are fitting coefficients; Δl is the displacement.

[0080] Specifically, in this embodiment, the actual preload force during the bolt tensioning process is calculated by the above calculation formula, so that it can be compared with the target preload force to determine whether the tensioning meets expectations and to achieve accurate judgment of the subsequent tensioning force.

[0081] Further, based on the difference and the theoretical tensile force, a corrected tensile force is obtained, including:

[0082] The corrected tensile force is calculated using the following formula:

[0083] F′=ΔF·K+F;

[0084] Among them, F′ is the corrected tensile force; ΔF is the difference between the actual preload force and the target preload force; K is the fitting coefficient; and F is the actual preload force.

[0085] Specifically, in this embodiment, in order to update the tensile force, the above calculation formula is used to calculate the corrected tensile force, which can ensure the accuracy of the update and achieve subsequent precise stretching of the bolt.

[0086] like Figure 2-5 As shown, this embodiment also provides a bolt tensioner, the bolt tensioner comprising:

[0087] The stretching mechanism 1 is connected to the bolt 21 and is used to apply an axial tensile force to the bolt 21 to stretch the bolt 21;

[0088] A displacement detection sensor 2 is arranged on the stretching mechanism 1 through a bracket 3, and is used to detect the displacement of the bolt 21 after the stretching is completed;

[0089] The bolt tensioning controller 4 is connected to the displacement detection sensor 2 and the control end of the tensioning mechanism 1, and is used to execute the above-mentioned control method of the bolt tensioner.

[0090] In this embodiment, the bolt tensioner is used to stretch the bolt 21 when the flanges of two components to be connected are connected using a bolt pair to ensure that the bolt pair after connection reaches the target preload force, wherein the bolt pair includes: bolt 21, lower nut 22, lower gasket 23, upper nut 24, upper gasket 25; the flange includes a first flange 51 and a second flange 52.

[0091] The stretching mechanism 1 adopts a hydraulic stretching mechanism, which specifically includes: a base 11, a hydraulic cylinder 12, a piston 13, a stretching head 14, a hexagonal sleeve 15, and a lever 16;

[0092] The base 11 is sleeved on the outside of the bolt 21 and the upper nut 24 and is supported by the first flange 51 to play a supporting role. A through hole 111 is provided on the base 11. The lever 16 can be inserted into the through hole 111 and connected to the hexagonal sleeve 15 to rotate the upper nut 24.

[0093] The stretching head 14 is detachably connected to the top of the bolt 21 through a thread, and a hydraulic cylinder 12 and a piston 13 are arranged between the stretching head 14 and the base 11. The hydraulic cylinder 12 and the piston 13 cooperate with each other to generate a vertical upward axial force to push the stretching head 14 upward, thereby achieving the stretching of the bolt 21.

[0094] In addition, in order to measure the displacement of the bolt, a bracket 3 is provided on the stretching head 14 to install the displacement detection sensor 2. More specifically, the bracket 3 specifically includes:

[0095] An inverted U-shaped mounting bracket 31, on which the displacement detection sensor 2 is arranged;

[0096] Two connecting pieces 32 are arranged opposite to each other at two ends of the inverted U-shaped mounting bracket 3 , and the connecting pieces 32 are connected to the stretching mechanism 1 .

[0097] A sensor bracket gasket 33 is arranged between the bracket 3 and the stretching head 14, and the bracket 3 is fixedly connected to the stretching head 14 by a sensor bracket bolt 34. In the present embodiment, the displacement detection sensor 2 adopts a Hall displacement sensor, and its accuracy can reach 1 μm. A threaded hole is arranged on the bracket 3, and a matching thread is arranged on the outer wall of the Hall displacement sensor, so that the Hall displacement sensor can adjust the extension amount by rotating on the bracket 3, so that the Hall displacement sensor can contact the upper end surface of the bolt 21 to ensure the measurement accuracy; the bracket 3 is arranged to adopt the above-mentioned structure, which is simple in structure and can ensure the stability of the connection structure.

[0098] The bolt tensioning controller 4 specifically includes: a processor 41, a display 42, an input keyboard 43, a power control box 44, a hydraulic pump motor 45, a pressure sensor 46, a proportional relief valve 47, and a hydraulic station 48;

[0099] Among them, the processor 41 is connected to the display 42 and the input keyboard 43 through a communication cable. The processor 41 can receive the input signal of the input keyboard 43 and generate corresponding instructions. The display 42 can display the tensile force, preload force, etc. (such as the deviation between the current preload force Fn and the target preload force is less than ±5%, the display 42 displays "tightening completed"; if the deviation between the current preload force Fn and the target preload force is greater than ±5%, the display 42 displays "preload force exceeds the tolerance and tighten again";). In addition, the processor 41 is connected to the pressure sensor 46, the proportional relief valve 47, and the power control box 44 through control cables; the power control box 44 is connected to the hydraulic pump motor 45 through a power cable; the hydraulic pump motor 45, the pressure sensor 46, and the proportional relief valve 47 are all installed on the hydraulic station 48. The processor 41 controls the hydraulic pump motor 45 according to the system pressure of the hydraulic station 48 fed back by the pressure sensor 46, and the proportional relief valve 47 adjusts the system pressure of the hydraulic station 48 to reach the target value, thereby adjusting the extension and retraction amount of the piston 13 of the hydraulic cylinder 12, thereby adjusting the stretching force.

[0100] This embodiment also provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the above-mentioned control method of the bolt tensioner when executing the computer program.

[0101] This embodiment also provides a readable storage medium, on which instructions are stored, and the instructions are used to enable a machine to execute the above-mentioned control method of the bolt tensioner.

[0102] like Figure 6-7 As shown, in a specific implementation manner, this embodiment also provides a derivation process of fitting coefficients K and b:

[0103] First, the threaded pair to be installed is used for calibration, the calibration flange is connected through the threaded connection pair, and the spoke dynamometer 6 is clamped between the lower gasket 23 and the calibration lower flange 53; the base 11 of the bolt tensioner is in contact with the calibration upper flange 54. The hydraulic cylinder 12 is installed on the base 11, the piston 13 is installed on the hydraulic cylinder 12, the tensioning head 14 is threadedly connected with the bolt 21, and is installed on the piston 13; two sensor bracket bolts 34 and sensor bracket gaskets 33, the bracket 3 is installed on the tensioning head 14, and the Hall displacement sensor is installed on the bracket 3 through threads, and its front end is in contact with the top of the bolt 21.

[0104] The hydraulic cylinder 12 of the bolt tensioner is connected to the hydraulic station 48 of the bolt tension controller 4 through a hydraulic pipeline. The spoke dynamometer 6 and the Hall displacement sensor are connected to the processor 41 of the bolt tension controller 4 through a control cable. The processor 41 has a display 42, which can display information such as the system pressure measured by the pressure sensor 46 and the preload force (installation tension) of the bolt 21 measured by the spoke dynamometer 6.

[0105] When the thread pair is calibrated, the target preload of bolt 21 corresponding to 6 points in the range of 30%-75% of the yield limit of bolt 21 is selected as the measuring point. Assuming that the specification model of bolt 21 is GB / T-900-AM36, 10.9 grade bolt, yield limit 900MPa, equivalent stress area 817mm2, then the corresponding target preload as the measuring point is 221kN, 287kN, 353kN, 419kN, 485kN, 551kN respectively;

[0106] Considering that rebound will occur after tightening the upper nut 24, the installation tension is temporarily calculated as 1.15 times the tension of the target preload force of the bolt 21 corresponding to the measuring point, and the installation tensions are 254kN, 330kN, 406kN, 482kN, 558kN, and 634kN respectively. Installation tension = pressure bearing area of ​​piston 13 * hydraulic station system pressure, so controlling the hydraulic station 48 system pressure can control the installation tension.

[0107] The processor 41 controls the proportional relief valve 47 through the control cable, and the processor 41 controls the power control box 44 through the control cable and further controls the hydraulic pump motor, so that the system pressure of the hydraulic station 48 reaches the system pressure of the hydraulic station 48 corresponding to the installation tension.

[0108] Before stretching, the Hall displacement sensor contacts the upper end of the bolt 21, and the spoke dynamometer 6 is set to 0 through the processor 41. At this time, the preload force on the bolt 21 is recorded as 0, and the installation tension is recorded as 254kN, 330kN, 406kN, 482kN, 558kN, and 634kN respectively. The displacement Δl measured by the Hall displacement sensor displayed on the display 42 of the processor 41. After using the lever 16 to move the hexagonal sleeve 15 and tighten the upper nut 24, the system pressure of the hydraulic station 48 is released to 0, and the preload force (installation tension) F of the bolt 21 measured by the spoke dynamometer 6 is n The above operation can measure 12 groups of F n Replace two bolts 21 of the same specification and repeat the above operation to obtain 36 sets of F n and Δl.

[0109] According to Hooke's law Where F n Indicates the preload force F of bolt 21n (installation tension), S is F n The area of ​​action, l 0 is the original length of bolt 21, Δl is the elongation after being stressed, the proportional coefficient E is called the elastic modulus, also known as Young's modulus, the displacement Δl and the preload force (installation tension) F of bolt 21 n The formula can be simplified to F = K·Δl, where like Figure 8 The steel strain curve shown in the figure is combined with the test experience. When the stress is lower than the 20% yield limit and higher than the 90% yield limit, the K value is lower than the K value in the 20%-80% yield limit stage. For bolt 21 in the 20%-80% yield stage, the displacement Δl measured by the Hall displacement sensor is related to the preload force (installation tension) F of bolt 21. n The formula of the relationship can be optimized to F n =K·Δl+b, where F n It can be measured by the spoke dynamometer 6, and Δl can be measured by the Hall displacement sensor. Therefore, the 36 groups of F measured according to the above operation are n and Δl, the linear regression equation is used to obtain the formula F n =K·Δl+b where K and b. At the same time, the ratio of installation tension to preload, the over-tension coefficient k, can be calculated.

[0110] During actual installation, the bolt pair used for actual installation and the bolt pair used for calibration have the same material, specification and model. When using bolts and nuts to fix two flanges to be connected, first, pass the bolts through the two flanges to be connected, and screw on the nuts. Connect the hexagonal sleeves outside the nuts, and then install the bolt tensioner on the flange and bolts.

[0111] The optional implementation modes of the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the specific details in the above implementation modes. Within the technical concept of the embodiments of the present invention, various simple modifications can be made to the technical scheme of the embodiments of the present invention, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0112] Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the steps in the above-mentioned embodiments can be completed by instructing the relevant hardware through a program, and the program is stored in a storage medium, including several instructions for making a single-chip microcomputer, a chip or a processor (processor) perform all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes.

[0113] The optional embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the technical concept of the embodiments of the present invention, the technical scheme of the embodiments of the present invention can be subjected to a variety of simple modifications, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the embodiments of the present invention. It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner when there is no contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the embodiments of the present invention will not further describe various possible combinations.

[0114] In addition, various implementations of the embodiments of the present invention may be arbitrarily combined, and as long as they do not violate the concept of the embodiments of the present invention, they should also be regarded as the contents disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for controlling a bolt tensioner, characterized in that: The method comprises: S1. Determine the theoretical tensile force applied to the bolt based on the target preload force of the bolt installation; S2, tension bolts based on theoretical tensile force; S3, after a preset time or after receiving a nut tightening signal, obtaining the actual tensile force; S4, adjusting the actual tensile force to a preset value, obtaining the displacement of the bolt, and calculating the actual preload force of the bolt based on the displacement; S5. If the difference between the actual preload force and the target preload force is greater than the set threshold, a corrected tensile force is calculated based on the difference and the actual tensile force obtained, the bolt is stretched according to the corrected tensile force, and the process returns to step S3; If the difference between the actual preload and the target preload is not greater than the set threshold, the bolt is stretched.

2. The control method of the bolt tensioner according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the target preload force of the bolt installation, determine the theoretical tensile force to be applied to the bolt, including: Based on the target preload force, the corresponding theoretical tensile force is obtained by using a preset relationship table or a preset relationship curve, and the preset relationship table or the preset relationship curve is used to characterize the corresponding relationship between different target preload forces and the theoretical tensile force.

3. The control method of the bolt tensioner according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the displacement, the actual preload force of the bolt tension is calculated, including: The actual preload force of the bolt is calculated using the following formula: F = K·Δl+b; Among them, F is the actual preload; K and b are fitting coefficients; Δl is the displacement.

4. The control method of the bolt tensioner according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the difference and the theoretical tensile force, a corrected tensile force is obtained, including: The corrected tensile force is calculated using the following formula: F′=ΔF·K+F; Among them, F′ is the corrected tensile force; ΔF is the difference between the actual preload force and the target preload force; K is the fitting coefficient; and F is the actual preload force.

5. A bolt tensioner, characterized in that: The bolt tensioner comprises: A stretching mechanism (1) connected to the bolt (21) and used to apply an axial tensile force to the bolt (21) to stretch the bolt (21); A displacement detection sensor (2) is arranged on the stretching mechanism (1) via a bracket (3) and is used to detect the displacement of the bolt (21) after the stretching is completed; A bolt tensioning controller (4) is connected to the displacement detection sensor (2) and the control end of the tensioning mechanism (1), and is used to execute the control method of the bolt tensioner according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

6. The bolt tensioner according to claim 5, characterized in that: The displacement detection sensor (2) is a Hall displacement sensor, and the Hall displacement sensor is in contact with the upper end surface of the bolt (21).

7. The bolt tensioner according to claim 5, characterized in that: The support (3) comprises: an inverted U-shaped mounting bracket (31), the displacement detection sensor (2) being arranged on the inverted U-shaped mounting bracket (31); Two connecting pieces (32) are arranged oppositely at two ends of the inverted U-shaped mounting bracket (3), and the connecting pieces (32) are connected to the stretching mechanism (1).

8. The bolt tensioner according to claim 5, characterized in that: The stretching mechanism (1) is a hydraulic stretching mechanism.

9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that: When the processor executes the computer program, the control method of the bolt tensioner according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is implemented.

10. A readable storage medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions being used to enable a machine to execute the control method for a bolt tensioner according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

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