Organic-inorganic compound fertilizer containing humic acid and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agriculture, and discloses an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer containing humic acid, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 5-25% of nitrogen; 9%-26% of phosphorus; 8%-28% of potassium; 5%-10% of humic acid; 60%-80% of an organic material; 0.5%-2% of medium trace elements; 0.5%-1% of a microbial agent; the organic material comprises but is not limited to lignite, straw powder or a combination thereof; the medium trace elements comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 30%-40% of zinc; 20% to 30% of iron; 10% to 20% of calcium; 20% to 30% of magnesium; the microbial agent comprises one or more of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphorus dissolving bacteria and potassium dissolving bacteria. Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, humic acid and medium trace elements are chelated, so that nutrients are in a stable release state in soil, and the problem of nutrient loss caused by too fast dissolution of a conventional fertilizer is effectively avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agriculture, in particular to an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer containing humic acid and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In modern agricultural production, the widespread use of chemical fertilizers has significantly increased crop yields in the short term, but long-term excessive application has also brought many problems. For example, after conventional nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers are applied to the soil, some nutrients are easily lost with water or fixed by the soil due to their strong solubility, resulting in low nutrient utilization and inability to fully utilize the fertilizer efficiency, which brings farmers higher fertilization costs. At the same time, this method of fertilization is also prone to soil acidification and compaction, reducing soil water retention and air permeability, and thus affecting soil health and the normal development of crop roots. In addition, traditional fertilizers contain almost no trace elements. Although crops require small amounts of these elements, they play a key physiological regulatory role in plants. Long-term deficiency will lead to poor crop growth and reduced disease resistance, thereby affecting the overall yield and quality of crops.

[0003] On the other hand, organic fertilizers have certain advantages in soil improvement and nutrient supply, but the single use of organic fertilizers often cannot meet the needs of crops for major nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. In addition, the nutrient release rate of organic fertilizers is slow, and the application effect takes a long time to appear, which is difficult to meet the needs of rapid increase in crop production. Therefore, in the prior art, compound fertilizers are usually produced by mixing organic materials and inorganic fertilizers in order to take into account the quick-acting properties of chemical fertilizers and the long-term effects of organic fertilizers. However, there are still many deficiencies in the formula and preparation process of compound fertilizers on the market. For example, the unscientific ratio of ingredients, insufficient application of chelation technology, poor activity of organic materials, etc., lead to low nutrient utilization, insignificant crop yield increase effect, and even inability to effectively improve the soil environment.

[0004] To this end, those skilled in the art provide an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer containing humic acid and a preparation method thereof to solve the problems raised in the above background technology. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer containing humic acid and a preparation method thereof, which solves the problems of unscientific ingredient ratio, insufficient application of chelating technology and poor activity of organic materials in the prior art during use.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented by the following technical scheme: an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer containing humic acid, comprising the following components in mass percentage:

[0007] 5%-25% nitrogen;

[0008] 9%-26% phosphorus;

[0009] 8%-28% potassium;

[0010] 5%-10% humic acid;

[0011] 60%-80% organic materials;

[0012] 0.5%-2% trace elements;

[0013] 0.5%-1% microbial agent.

[0014] Preferably, the organic material includes but is not limited to lignite, straw powder or a combination thereof.

[0015] Preferably, the trace elements include the following components in percentage by mass:

[0016] 30%-40% zinc;

[0017] 20%-30% iron;

[0018] 10%-20% calcium;

[0019] 20%-30% magnesium.

[0020] Preferably, the microbial agent includes one or more of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphorus-dissolving bacteria and potassium-dissolving bacteria.

[0021] A method for preparing an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer containing humic acid, which is used to prepare an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer containing humic acid, comprises the following steps:

[0022] S1. Activate the organic material at a temperature of 50°C-80°C;

[0023] S2, mixing the activated organic material with nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, trace elements and humic acid to carry out a chelating reaction;

[0024] S3, sending the chelated mixture into a rotary drum granulator for granulation;

[0025] S4. Spraying microbial agents on the surface of granular compound fertilizer;

[0026] S5. Drying and packaging the obtained product.

[0027] Preferably, in step S2, the temperature of the chelating reaction is controlled at 20°C-50°C, and the pH value is controlled at 4.5-6.5.

[0028] Preferably, in the step S3, a liquid regulator with a mass percentage of 1% to 3% is added during granulation.

[0029] Preferably, the liquid conditioning agent includes but is not limited to one or more of potassium humate liquid, polyvinyl alcohol solution, and water.

[0030] Preferably, in the step S4, the spraying amount of the microbial agent is 0.5KG-1KG per ton of compound fertilizer, and the concentration range of the microbial agent is 1×107-1×109 CFU / mL.

[0031] Preferably, the temperature range of step S5 is 30°C-50°C, and the drying time is 2H-5H.

[0032] The present invention provides an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer containing humic acid and a preparation method thereof.

[0033] Beneficial effects:

[0034] 1. The present invention chelates nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium with humic acid and trace elements, so that the nutrients are released in a stable state in the soil, effectively avoiding the problem of nutrient loss caused by the rapid dissolution of conventional fertilizers. At the same time, the added microbial agent can decompose the organic matter in the soil, releasing more absorbable nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, which helps to improve the absorption efficiency of nutrients.

[0035] 2. The organic materials and humic acid in the compound fertilizer of the present invention not only provide organic nutrients required for crop growth, but also effectively improve the physical structure of the soil, enhance the water retention and air permeability of the soil, and promote the accumulation of soil organic matter. In addition, the application of microbial agents can enhance the vitality of the soil micro-ecosystem, promote the reproduction of beneficial microorganisms, further improve soil fertility, and achieve long-term healthy maintenance of the soil.

[0036] 3. Through compound fertilizer ratio and chelation technology, the present invention enables crops to more fully absorb trace elements such as zinc, iron, calcium, and magnesium during their growth. These elements are not only essential components for the normal growth of crops, but can also effectively enhance the disease resistance and stress resistance of crops. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 It is a step diagram of the preparation method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] The embodiment of the present invention provides an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer containing humic acid, comprising the following components in percentage by mass:

[0040] 5%-25% nitrogen;

[0041] 9%-26% phosphorus;

[0042] 8%-28% potassium;

[0043] 5%-10% humic acid;

[0044] 60%-80% of organic materials; organic materials include but are not limited to lignite, straw powder or a combination thereof.

[0045] 0.5%-2% trace elements; trace elements include the following mass percentage components:

[0046] 30%-40% zinc;

[0047] 20%-30% iron;

[0048] 10%-20% calcium;

[0049] 20%-30% magnesium.

[0050] 0.5%-1% of microbial agent, the microbial agent includes one or more of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphorus-dissolving bacteria and potassium-dissolving bacteria.

[0051] A method for preparing an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer containing humic acid comprises the following steps:

[0052] S1. Activate the organic material at a temperature of 50°C-80°C;

[0053] S2. Mix the activated organic material with nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, medium and trace elements and humic acid to carry out a chelating reaction; the temperature of the chelating reaction is controlled at 20° C.-50° C., and the pH value is controlled at 4.5-6.5.

[0054] S3, sending the chelated mixture into a rotary drum granulator for granulation; adding 1%-3% by mass of a liquid regulator during granulation, the liquid regulator including but not limited to one or more of potassium humate liquid, polyvinyl alcohol solution, and water.

[0055] S4. Spray the microbial agent on the surface of the granular compound fertilizer. The spraying amount of the microbial agent is 0.5KG-1KG per ton of compound fertilizer. The concentration range of the microbial agent is 1×107-1×109CFU / mL.

[0056] S5. Dry and package the product at a temperature ranging from 30°C to 50°C and a drying time of 2 hours to 5 hours.

[0057] Specifically, the compound fertilizer effectively improves the nutrient absorption efficiency of crops and contributes to the long-term improvement of soil quality through the rational proportion of organic and inorganic components and the combination of scientific production processes. The formula of the compound fertilizer includes: 5%-25% nitrogen, 9%-26% phosphorus, 8%-28% potassium, 5%-10% humic acid, and 60%-80% organic materials, wherein the organic materials include but are not limited to lignite, straw powder or a combination thereof, and the organic materials provide organic matter and active ingredients for the soil, thereby enhancing the nutrient retention capacity and structure of the soil. The compound fertilizer also contains 0.5%-2% of trace elements, which include 30%-40% zinc, 20%-30% iron, 10%-20% calcium and 20%-30% magnesium. The chelated trace elements help to improve the absorption rate of these nutrients by crops and promote the healthy growth of plants. In addition, 0.5%-1% of microbial agents are added to the formula. The microbial agents include one or more of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphorus-dissolving bacteria and potassium-dissolving bacteria. Through the metabolic activities of microorganisms, they help to improve the effectiveness of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the soil and further improve the growth of crops.

[0058] The preparation method of the present invention comprises the following steps: first (S1), subjecting the organic material to an activation treatment at a temperature of 50°C-80°C, wherein the activation process releases and activates the effective components of the organic material, thereby enhancing the binding effect of the organic material with other components; then (S2), mixing the activated organic material with nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, trace elements and humic acid, and subjecting the activated organic material to a chelation reaction at a temperature of 20°C-50°C and a pH value of 4.5-6.5, wherein the trace elements and humic acid form a stable compound through the chelation reaction, thereby ensuring a slow release in the soil and improving the utilization rate of nutrients; then (S3), sending the chelated mixture into a rotary drum granulator for granulation, and adding a liquid regulator with a mass percentage of 1%-3% during granulation, wherein the liquid regulator includes but is not limited to In one or more of potassium humate liquid, polyvinyl alcohol solution or water, these regulators can effectively improve the physical properties of the particles and enhance the stability and durability of the particles; then (S4), spray microbial agents on the surface of the formed particles, and the spraying amount is controlled to be 0.5kg-1kg per ton of compound fertilizer. The concentration range of the microbial agents is 1×107-1×109CFU / mL. Through the coating effect of microorganisms, the fertilizer has biological activity, promotes the absorption of nutrients by the roots, and improves the soil microecological environment; finally (S5), the particles are dried, the drying temperature is controlled between 30°C and 50°C, and the drying time is 2 hours to 5 hours to ensure the stability and easy storage of the particles, and they are packaged after drying to obtain the final compound fertilizer product.

[0059] The organic-inorganic compound fertilizer containing humic acid prepared by the above process steps can not only meet the needs of crops for major nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, but also enhance the absorption and utilization rate of trace elements through the application of chelation technology and microbial agents, and promote the accumulation of soil organic matter. Long-term use of the compound fertilizer of the present invention can effectively improve the yield and quality of crops, while improving soil structure and microbial activity, and provide a scientific nutrient management solution for the sustainable development of farmland.

[0060] Example 1

[0061] step:

[0062] Activation of organic materials (S1):

[0063] Lignite was used as the organic material and the activation treatment was carried out at 60° C. for 2 hours.

[0064] Mixed chelation reaction (S2):

[0065] The activated lignite is mixed with nitrogen (13%), phosphorus (14%), potassium (15%), humic acid (8%), and trace elements (zinc 35%, iron 25%, calcium 15%, magnesium 25%).

[0066] The chelation reaction was carried out with the temperature controlled at 30°C and the pH value at 5.0.

[0067] Drum granulation (S3):

[0068] Add 2% liquid conditioner, using potassium humate liquid.

[0069] The granules were formed by a drum granulator.

[0070] Microbial agent spraying (S4):

[0071] Spray 0.7 kg of microbial agent on the surface of the particles with a concentration of 5×108 CFU / mL.

[0072] Drying and packaging (S5):

[0073] The granules were dried at 40 °C for 3 h and then packaged.

[0074] Summary: Example 1 demonstrates a moderate ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. By activating lignite and using potassium humate liquid as a regulator, the nutrient release and soil improvement effect of the compound fertilizer are enhanced, thereby improving the nutrient absorption rate of crops and soil health.

[0075] Example 2

[0076] step:

[0077] Activation of organic materials (S1):

[0078] Straw powder was used as the organic material and activated at 70°C for 3 hours.

[0079] Mixed chelation reaction (S2):

[0080] The activated straw powder is mixed with nitrogen (14%), phosphorus (15%), potassium (17%), humic acid (10%), and trace elements (30% zinc, 20% iron, 20% calcium, and 30% magnesium).

[0081] The chelation reaction was carried out with the temperature controlled at 25°C and the pH value at 5.5.

[0082] Drum granulation (S3):

[0083] Add 1.5% liquid conditioner, using polyvinyl alcohol solution.

[0084] The granules were formed by a drum granulator.

[0085] Microbial agent spraying (S4):

[0086] Spray 1 kg of microbial agent on the surface of the particles with a concentration of 8×108 CFU / mL.

[0087] Drying and packaging (S5):

[0088] The granules were dried at 35 °C for 4 h and then packaged.

[0089] Summary: Example 2 increases the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, uses straw powder as organic material, and utilizes polyvinyl alcohol as a liquid regulator to enhance the hardness and formability of the particles, further improving the sustained release effect of the fertilizer.

[0090] Example 3

[0091] step:

[0092] Activation of organic materials (S1):

[0093] A mixture of lignite and straw powder (1:1) was used and the activation treatment was carried out at 65°C for 4 hours.

[0094] Mixed chelation reaction (S2):

[0095] The activated mixture is mixed with nitrogen (15%), phosphorus (16%), potassium (18%), humic acid (7%), and trace elements (zinc 40%, iron 30%, calcium 10%, magnesium 20%).

[0096] The chelation reaction was carried out with the temperature controlled at 35°C and the pH value at 6.0.

[0097] Drum granulation (S3):

[0098] Add 3% liquid conditioner, using a mixed solution of water and polyvinyl alcohol.

[0099] The granules were formed by a drum granulator.

[0100] Microbial agent spraying (S4):

[0101] Spray 0.5 kg of microbial agent on the surface of the particles with a concentration of 1×109 CFU / mL.

[0102] Drying and packaging (S5):

[0103] The granules were dried at 45 °C for 5 h and then packaged.

[0104] Summary: Example 3 uses a higher ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and a mixture of lignite and straw powder to improve the soil improvement effect. The liquid conditioner is a combination of water and polyvinyl alcohol to optimize particle formation and durability, which is suitable for long-term improvement of soil structure.

[0105] Summary of three embodiments:

[0106] Ingredient optimization: The three examples respectively demonstrate different ratios of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and humic acid, which are adapted to the nutritional needs of different crops and are highly targeted.

[0107] Regulator selection: Potassium humate, polyvinyl alcohol and mixed regulators are used to make the particle formation more stable and adapt to different soil conditions.

[0108] Microbial addition: The dosage and concentration of microbial agents can be flexibly adjusted to enhance the biological activity of fertilizers and promote the healthy growth of crops.

[0109] Test experiment

[0110] In order to more comprehensively verify the effect of compound fertilizers, the experiment included two major crops, corn and soybeans. The experiment was set up to monitor the yield increase effect, crop quality and soil improvement effect during the growth cycle. The experiment lasted for two years in order to evaluate the short-term and long-term effects.

[0111] Experimental content:

[0112] Experimental design;

[0113] Experimental period: two years (Spring 2022 to Fall 2024);

[0114] Experimental locations: Northeast Black Soil Region (corn-growing region), North China Plain (soybean-growing region);

[0115] Experimental crops: corn, soybean;

[0116] Experimental treatment:

[0117] Treatment 1: ordinary fertilizer (control group);

[0118] Treatment 2: high-content nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer on the market;

[0119] Treatment 3: high-end organic fertilizer;

[0120] Treatment 4: compound fertilizer of Example 1;

[0121] Treatment 5: compound fertilizer of Example 2;

[0122] Treatment 6: Compound fertilizer of Example 3;

[0123] Monitoring content:

[0124] Crop yield increase effect: record crop yield increase during harvest period;

[0125] Crop quality: corn starch content, soybean protein content;

[0126] Soil improvement: monitoring soil organic matter content, microbial activity, soil pH;

[0127] Nutrient absorption rate: measure the absorption rate of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in crops;

[0128] Experiment 1: Corn planting effect test

[0129] Time: Spring 2022 to Fall 2022, Spring 2023 to Fall 2023

[0130] Pre-planting preparation:

[0131] Each experimental field has an area of ​​1 mu, with a total of 30 replicate plots set up and 6 treatment groups randomly assigned, with 5 plots in each group.

[0132] Soil composition analysis was performed to ensure that the initial soil conditions in the experimental site were consistent.

[0133] Planting and fertilization:

[0134] Sow in April 2022 and apply the corresponding fertilizers of each group (the amount of fertilizer applied is based on the recommended amount of each fertilizer).

[0135] Harvest in October 2022, record indicators such as yield increase, starch content, and soil analysis.

[0136] Repeat the same steps in 2023.

[0137] Experimental data table 1: Corn yield increase effect and quality improvement

[0138]

[0139] Summary: The compound fertilizers of Example 2 and Example 3 significantly increased corn yield, and the effect of increasing starch content was also better than that of other treatment groups, especially in the second planting cycle in 2023.

[0140] Experiment 2: Soybean planting effect test:

[0141] Time: Spring 2022 to Fall 2022, Spring 2023 to Fall 2023;

[0142] Pre-planting preparation:

[0143] Each experimental field has an area of ​​1 mu, with a total of 30 replicate plots set up and 6 treatment groups randomly assigned, with 5 plots in each group.

[0144] Ensure that the initial soil conditions in the experimental fields are consistent.

[0145] Planting and fertilization:

[0146] Sow in April 2022 and apply the corresponding fertilizers of each group (the amount of fertilizer applied is based on the recommended amount of each fertilizer).

[0147] Harvest in October 2022, record indicators such as yield increase, protein content, and soil analysis.

[0148] Repeat the same steps in 2023.

[0149] Experimental data table 2: soybean yield increase effect and quality improvement

[0150]

[0151] Summary: The compound fertilizer of Example 3 not only achieved the goal of increasing yield by 70 catties per mu proposed by the customer, but also significantly increased the protein content of soybeans compared with other treatment groups, especially in the second year.

[0152] Experiment 3: Soil improvement effect and nutrient absorption rate test:

[0153] Time: Spring 2022 to Fall 2024;

[0154] Experimental design:

[0155] The soil improvement effect was continuously monitored over a two-year period, with soil samples collected quarterly to test soil organic matter content, pH value, microbial activity, etc.

[0156] Fertilizer will be applied in 2022 and 2023, and stopped in 2024, while soil changes will continue to be monitored.

[0157] Soil monitoring indicators:

[0158] Organic matter content: Soil samples were determined by chemical analysis.

[0159] pH Changes: Measurement of soil acidity and alkalinity.

[0160] Microbial activity: Determined by CFU.

[0161] Experimental data table 3: Comparison of soil improvement effects

[0162] Treatment Group Soil organic matter improvement (%) Soil pH stability Improvement of microbial activity (%) Ordinary fertilizer 5 Unstable 10 High content compound fertilizer on the market 8 generally 15 High-end organic fertilizer 12 Stablize 20 Example 1 Compound Fertilizer 15 Stablize 25 Embodiment 2 Compound fertilizer 18 Very stable 30 Embodiment 3 compound fertilizer 20 Very stable 35

[0163] In summary, the soil improvement effect of the compound fertilizer in Example 3 is the most significant. Long-term application can not only significantly increase soil organic matter, but also maintain soil pH stability and enhance microbial activity.

[0164] Summary:

[0165] Increased crop yield and improved quality: All examples can effectively increase yield, especially the compound fertilizers of Example 2 and Example 3, which are significantly better than common fertilizers on the market in increasing the yield of corn and soybeans. At the same time, the protein content of soybeans and the starch content of corn are greatly increased.

[0166] Soil improvement effect: Long-term application of compound fertilizers effectively improves soil organic matter, especially Example 3, which shows the best soil improvement effect and pH adjustment ability, and can continuously stabilize soil health after cessation of fertilization.

[0167] Comprehensive benefits: Multi-parameter comparison experiments show that the compound fertilizers of Examples 1-3 all have excellent yield-increasing, soil protection and crop quality-improving effects, especially Example 3, which is most suitable for farmland environments that require high yield, quality improvement and long-term soil improvement.

[0168] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An organic-inorganic compound fertilizer containing humic acid, characterized in that: The following components are included in mass percentage: 5%-25% nitrogen; 9%-26% phosphorus; 8%-28% potassium; 5%-10% humic acid; 60%-80% organic materials; 0.5%-2% trace elements; 0.5%-1% microbial agent.

2. The organic-inorganic compound fertilizer containing humic acid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The organic material includes but is not limited to lignite, straw powder or a combination thereof.

3. The organic-inorganic compound fertilizer containing humic acid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The trace elements include the following components in percentage by mass: 30%-40% zinc; 20%-30% iron; 10%-20% calcium; 20%-30% magnesium.

4. The organic-inorganic compound fertilizer containing humic acid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microbial agent includes one or more of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphorus-dissolving bacteria and potassium-dissolving bacteria.

5. A method for preparing an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer containing humic acid, which is used to prepare an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer containing humic acid according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Activate the organic material at a temperature of 50°C-80°C; S2, mixing the activated organic material with nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, trace elements and humic acid to carry out a chelating reaction; S3, sending the chelated mixture into a rotary drum granulator for granulation; S4. Spraying microbial agents on the surface of granular compound fertilizer; S5. Drying and packaging the obtained product.

6. The method for preparing an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer containing humic acid according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the step S2, the temperature of the chelating reaction is controlled at 20°C-50°C, and the pH value is controlled at 4.5-6.

5.

7. The method for preparing an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer containing humic acid according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the step S3, a liquid regulator with a mass percentage of 1% to 3% is added during granulation.

8. The method for preparing an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer containing humic acid according to claim 7, characterized in that: The liquid conditioning agent includes, but is not limited to, one or more of potassium humate liquid, polyvinyl alcohol solution, and water.

9. The method for preparing an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer containing humic acid according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the step S4, the spraying amount of the microbial agent is 0.5KG-1KG per ton of compound fertilizer, and the concentration range of the microbial agent is 1×107-1×109 CFU / mL.

10. The method for preparing an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer containing humic acid according to claim 5, characterized in that: The temperature range of step S5 is 30° C.-50° C., and the drying time is 2H-5H.

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