An electroluminescent magnetic fiber

Abstract

The application discloses the technical fields of textile composite materials and relates to an electroluminescent magnetic fiber, which is a composite fiber and comprises a core layer, an electroluminescent layer and a conductive layer; wherein the core layer is silver nanowires AgNWs; the electroluminescent layer is a mixture of polyvinylidene fluoride PVDF, neodymium-iron-boron NdFeB, gallium phosphide GaP and an organic solvent; and the conductive layer is indium tin oxide ITO. The electroluminescent magnetic fiber effectively combines magnetoelectricity and electroluminescence, realizes the integration of an electroluminescent device, has good conductive and magnetic response performance, and can meet actual application.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of textile composite materials technology, and specifically to an electroluminescent magnetic fiber. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, magnetoelectricity and electroluminescence are research hotspots in fiber technology, aiming to develop functional fibers that can harvest energy and emit light, bringing positive development prospects for smart textiles and wearable devices. Magnetoelectricity refers to the phenomenon where a material generates an electric field or polarization under the influence of a magnetic field. Existing research, patent application number CN109994315B, "A Magnetoelectric Composite Material Composed of Magnetic Nanofiber Ferroelectric Thin Film and Its Preparation Method," prepares CoFe2O4 (CFO) magnetic nanofibers through electrospinning and coats them with a ferroelectric Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 thin film using pulsed laser deposition, thereby enhancing the magnetoelectric coupling effect. Patent application number CN111462943B, "A Wireless Charging Coil Enamelled Wire with a Magnetic Nanoferrite Inner Layer and Its Preparation Method," mainly includes a piezoelectric magnetic nanoferrite solid core, a conductive middle layer, and an insulating outer layer, which can improve the flexibility and bending performance of the enamelled wire, and has high magnetostriction and high magnetoelectric conversion efficiency. Electroluminescence refers to the phenomenon where a material emits light under the influence of an electric field. Existing research, including invention patent application number CN111286975B, describes "electroluminescent fibers" that mainly consist of a linear central electrode, a dielectric layer, an electroluminescent layer, and a transparent conductive layer. This layer-by-layer coating imparts excellent brightness to the fiber. Invention patent application number CN114990882A describes "an electroluminescent fiber and its melt-coating preparation method," which mainly achieves the loading of a light-emitting active layer through melt coating, resulting in fibers with good luminescent properties and resistance to bending and washing.

[0003] Combining magnetoelectricity and electroluminescence within the same fiber is a complex and innovative research direction. Existing research faces challenges including material compatibility—ensuring that magnetoelectric and electroluminescent materials can coexist harmoniously within the fiber without interfering with each other—and the need to design a rational fiber structure that allows both functional materials to efficiently perform their respective functions within the fiber. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an electroluminescent magnetic fiber that effectively combines magnetoelectricity and electroluminescence, realizing the integration of electroluminescent devices, and has good electrical conductivity and magnetic response performance, which can meet practical applications.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented using the following technical solution:

[0006] On one hand, the present invention provides an electroluminescent magnetic fiber, wherein the electroluminescent magnetic fiber is a composite fiber, comprising a core layer, an electroluminescent layer and a conductive layer;

[0007] The core layer is silver nanowires (AgNWs);

[0008] The electroluminescent layer is a mixture of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), neodymium iron boron (NdFeB), gallium phosphide (GaP), and an organic solvent.

[0009] The conductive layer is indium tin oxide (ITO).

[0010] Furthermore, the PVDF concentration in the electroluminescent layer is 15~20 wt%, the NdFeB concentration is 10~20 wt%, and the GaP concentration is 6.5~7.5 wt%.

[0011] On the other hand, the present invention provides a method for preparing the electroluminescent magnetic fiber, comprising:

[0012] PVDF, NdFeB particles and GaP particles were used to prepare a sheath spinning solution;

[0013] The sheath spinning solution and the core spinning solution are spun into hollow composite fibers, wherein the core spinning solution is deionized water;

[0014] The AgNWs suspension was injected into the hollow structure of the hollow composite fiber to obtain the composite fiber matrix;

[0015] ITO is coated on the outer layer of the composite fiber matrix to obtain a three-layer composite fiber;

[0016] The three-layer composite fiber is encapsulated to obtain an electroluminescent magnetic fiber.

[0017] Further, the preparation of the sheath spinning solution from PVDF, NdFeB particles, and GaP particles includes:

[0018] PVDF, NdFeB particles and GaP particles are obtained according to the raw material concentration and completely dissolved in an organic solvent to obtain a mixed solution, wherein the diameter of the PVDF and NdFeB particles is 20~50 nm and the diameter of the GaP particles is 10~30 nm.

[0019] The mixed solution was stirred at 70 °C for 7-8 h at a stirring speed of 600-650 r / min, and then ultrasonically stirred for 1-1.5 h to obtain the sheath spinning solution.

[0020] Furthermore, the organic solvent includes N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF).

[0021] Further, the step of spinning the sheath spinning solution and the core spinning solution into hollow composite fibers includes:

[0022] The advance speed of the microfluidic spinning needles corresponding to the core spinning solution and the sheath spinning solution is set respectively to start the microfluidic spinning equipment to start spinning. The sprayed liquid is replaced by a coagulation bath, then wound, collected and dried to finally obtain hollow composite fibers.

[0023] Furthermore, the advance speed of the microfluidic spinning needle corresponding to the core spinning solution is set to 0.2~0.25 mL / min, and the advance speed of the microfluidic spinning needle corresponding to the sheath spinning solution is set to 0.4~0.45 mL / min;

[0024] And / or, the coagulation bath comprises deionized water;

[0025] And / or, the fiber winding and collecting device used for the winding and collecting is configured with a roller diameter of 5 cm, a rotation speed of 15 r / min, and a drying temperature of 70°C.

[0026] Further, the step of injecting the AgNWs suspension into the hollow structure of the hollow composite fiber to obtain the composite fiber matrix includes: using a syringe to inject the AgNWs suspension into the hollow structure of the hollow composite fiber, so that the AgNWs suspension completely fills the hollow structure of the hollow composite fiber.

[0027] The needle diameter of the syringe is ≤0.2 mm.

[0028] Furthermore, the concentration of ITO is 3-4 wt%.

[0029] Furthermore, the three-layer composite fiber is encapsulated by surface impregnation, and the encapsulation layer material includes polyurethane (PU).

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are as follows:

[0031] The electroluminescent magnetic fiber provided by this invention uses AgNWs as the core layer, PVDF, NdFeB, and GaP as electroluminescent layers, and ITO as the conductive layer. By preparing PVDF, NdFeB, and GaP into hollow fibers, magnetic dipole interactions are generated between the magnetic nanoparticles NdFeB and AgNWs. AgNWs are injected into the core layer, and then ITO is coated on the surface to form an electroluminescent device with the core layer AgNWs as the cathode material, the middle layer GaP as the electroluminescent material, and the sheath layer ITO as the anode material. This achieves the integration of the electroluminescent device and effectively combines magnetoelectricity generation with electroluminescence.

[0032] The electroluminescent magnetic fiber provided by this invention is produced through interlayer interaction, exhibiting excellent electrical conductivity and magnetic response properties, which can meet practical applications. The outermost layer is coated with PU to protect the electroluminescent magnetic fiber and enhance its mechanical strength. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electroluminescent magnetic fiber provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the magnetoelectric effect mechanism of electroluminescent magnetic fibers provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of hollow fiber fabrication using microfluidic technology in electroluminescent magnetic fibers provided in this embodiment of the invention;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the preparation process of electroluminescent magnetic fibers provided in this embodiment of the invention.

[0037] In the figure: 1. Sheath spinning solution; 2. Core spinning solution; 3. Coagulation bath; 4. Winding and collecting device; 5. Hollow composite fiber; 20. Magnetic field; 21. Mechanical stress; 22. Moving charge; 100. Core layer; 101. Electroluminescent layer; 102. Conductive layer; 103. Protective layer. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] This invention combines magnetic nanoparticles NdFeB with PVDF, utilizing the coupling effect between the magnetic field generated by NdFeB and the piezoelectric material PVDF to achieve a magnetoelectric effect, forming a magnetoelectric composite material. The magnetoelectric process is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, specifically, the external magnetic field 20 generated by the NdFeB magnet changes to form mechanical stress 21. The mechanical stress 21 caused by the change of magnetic field 20 propagates in the PVDF, causing deformation of the PVDF. During the deformation process, the PVDF generates charge separation and polarization to form voltage output.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] This embodiment provides an electroluminescent magnetic fiber.

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, the electroluminescent magnetic fiber is a composite fiber, including a core layer 100, an electroluminescent layer 101, a conductive layer 102, and a protective layer 103.

[0043] The core layer 100 is silver nanowires; the electroluminescent layer 101 is a mixture of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), neodymium iron boron (NdFeB), gallium phosphide (GaP), and an organic solvent; the conductive layer 102 is indium tin oxide (ITO); and the protective layer 103 is polyurethane (PU).

[0044] The electroluminescent layer has a PVDF concentration of 15 wt%, an NdFeB concentration of 10 wt%, and a GaP concentration of 6.5 wt%. In this embodiment, the organic solvent in the electroluminescent layer is N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF).

[0045] The method for preparing electroluminescent magnetic fibers provided in this embodiment is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, it includes:

[0046] (1) Preparation of sheath spinning solution: First, 15 wt% PVDF, 10 wt% NdFeB and 6.5 wt% GaP were dissolved with an appropriate amount of DMF solvent, heated and stirred at 70 ℃ for 7 h at a stirring speed of 600 r / min, and then ultrasonically stirred for 1 h to obtain a uniform spinning solution.

[0047] (2) Microfluidic spinning: First, the core spinning solution 2 and the sheath spinning solution 1 are added to the microfluidic spinning needle, respectively. The core spinning solution uses deionized water. The extrusion speeds of the core and sheath portions of the needle connected to the coaxial needle are set to 0.2 mL / min and 0.4 mL / min, respectively. Then, the fibers formed by the core and sheath spinning solutions are injected into a coagulation bath 3 containing deionized water to obtain hollow composite fibers 5. Finally, the hollow composite fibers 5 are collected on a winding and collecting device 4. The winding and collecting device 4 has a roller diameter of 5 cm, a rotation speed of 15 r / min, and a drying temperature of 70 ℃. A schematic diagram of the microfluidic spinning process is shown below. Figure 3 As shown.

[0048] (3) AgNWs injection: Using a micro syringe with a specification of 0.2 mm, the AgNWs suspension is slowly injected into the inner cavity of the hollow composite fiber to ensure that the AgNWs suspension completely fills the inner cavity of the hollow fiber, thus obtaining AgNWs-PVDF / NdFeB / GaP composite fiber.

[0049] (4) Surface coating with ITO: 4 wt% ITO is used to coat the surface of AgNWs-PVDF / NdFeB / GaP composite fiber and air-dry it in the air to obtain a three-layer composite fiber, which mainly includes the core cathode material AgNWs, the middle electroluminescent material GaP, and the sheath anode material ITO.

[0050] (5) Surface impregnation with PU: PU is used as a protective layer for AgNWs-PVDF / NdFeB / GaP-ITO three-layer composite fiber, which gives the composite fiber good mechanical strength and obtains electroluminescent magnetic fiber.

[0051] In this embodiment, the core-sheath structure fiber prepared by microfluidic spinning has magnetoelectric properties and is coated to prepare an electroluminescent magnetic fiber, combining magnetoelectricity and electroluminescence in the same fiber to form an integrated electroluminescent device. In this device, the core layer AgNWs serves as the cathode material, the intermediate layer GaP serves as the electroluminescent material, and the sheath layer ITO serves as the anode material.

[0052] Example 2

[0053] This embodiment provides a method for preparing electroluminescent magnetic fibers, which differs from Embodiment 1 in that:

[0054] (1) Preparation of sheath spinning solution: First, 15 wt% PVDF, 15 wt% NdFeB and 6.5 wt% GaP were dissolved with an appropriate amount of DMF solvent, heated and stirred at 70 ℃ for 7 h at a stirring speed of 600 r / min, and then ultrasonically stirred for 1 h to obtain a uniform spinning solution.

[0055] Example 3

[0056] This embodiment provides a method for preparing electroluminescent magnetic fibers, which differs from Embodiment 1 in that:

[0057] (1) Preparation of sheath spinning solution: First, 15 wt% PVDF, 20 wt% NdFeB and 6.5 wt% GaP were dissolved with an appropriate amount of DMF solvent, heated and stirred at 70 ℃ for 7 h at a stirring speed of 600 r / min, and then ultrasonically stirred for 1 h to obtain a uniform spinning solution.

[0058] Magnetostrictive strain measurements were performed on the electroluminescent magnetic fibers provided in Examples 1-3 of this invention. Using a JDAW-2011 magnetostrictive tester, the magnetostrictive coefficient was measured when the longitudinal length of the sample was parallel to the external magnetic field using the resistance strain gauge method. The impedance change of the sample was measured using an impedance analyzer. The coupling effect of electric and magnetic fields was further analyzed, and the magnetoelectric coupling coefficients were calculated and are shown in Table 1.

[0059] Table 1

[0060] Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 magnetostriction coefficient 364 ppm 422 ppm 395 ppm Magnetoelectric coupling coefficient 35.4 mV / cm·Oe 43.4 mV / cm·Oe 41.9 mV / cm·Oe

[0061] Through comparative analysis of the electroluminescent magnetic fibers prepared in Examples 1-3, the sample in Example 2 showed the best magnetoelectric properties.

[0062] The mechanical properties of the electroluminescent magnetic fibers provided in Examples 1-3 were characterized using an Instron-5967 universal testing machine. The breaking strength and elongation at break of the electroluminescent magnetic fibers were tested, and the degree of luminescence after successful preparation of the electroluminescent magnetic fibers was observed. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0063] Table 2

[0064] Fracture strength (cN / detx) Elongation at break (%) Luminescence Example 1 32.4 22.9 Brightness is obvious Example 2 36.8 20.5 Brightness is obvious Example 3 35.1 21.3 Brightness is obvious

[0065] As can be seen from Table 2, the electroluminescent magnetic fibers provided in Examples 1-3 all have good luminescence intensity. Among them, the electroluminescent magnetic fiber provided in Example 2 has the highest breaking strength and the lowest breaking elongation, and its mechanical properties are the best.

[0066] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims. All of these forms are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electro-luminescent magnetic fiber, characterized by: The electroluminescent magnetic fiber is a composite fiber, comprising a core layer, an electroluminescent layer and a conductive layer; The preparation method of the electroluminescent magnetic fiber comprises: Polyvinylidene fluoride, neodymium-iron-boron particles and gallium phosphide particles are prepared into a sheath layer spinning solution; The sheath layer spinning solution and a core layer spinning solution are spun into a hollow composite fiber, wherein the core layer spinning solution is deionized water; A silver nanowire suspension is injected into the hollow structure of the hollow composite fiber to obtain a composite fiber matrix; Indium tin oxide is coated on the outer layer of the composite fiber matrix to obtain a three-layer structure composite fiber; The three-layer structure composite fiber is encapsulated to obtain an electroluminescent magnetic fiber.

2. The electro-luminescent magnetic fiber of claim 1, wherein: The polyvinylidene fluoride, neodymium-iron-boron particles and gallium phosphide particles are prepared into a sheath layer spinning solution, comprising: According to the concentration of raw materials, polyvinylidene fluoride, neodymium-iron-boron particles and gallium phosphide particles are obtained, and are completely dissolved in an organic solvent to obtain a mixed solution, wherein the diameter of the polyvinylidene fluoride and the neodymium-iron-boron particles is 20-50 nm, and the diameter of the gallium phosphide particles is 10-30 nm; The mixed solution is stirred at 70°C for 7-8 hours at a stirring speed of 600-650 r / min, and then is ultrasonically stirred for 1-1.5 hours to obtain the sheath layer spinning solution.

3. The electro-luminescent magnetic fiber of claim 2, wherein: The organic solvent comprises N,N-dimethylformamide.

4. The electro-luminescent magnetic fiber of claim 1, wherein: The sheath layer spinning solution and a core layer spinning solution are spun into a hollow composite fiber, comprising: The advancing speeds of the microfluidic spinning needle heads corresponding to the core layer spinning solution and the sheath layer spinning solution are respectively set, so that the microfluidic spinning equipment starts spinning, the sprayed liquid is treated by replacement in a coagulation bath, and then is collected by winding and dried to finally obtain the hollow composite fiber.

5. The electroluminescent magnetic fiber according to claim 4, characterized in that: The advancing speed of the microfluidic spinning needle head corresponding to the core layer spinning solution is set to 0.2-0.25 mL / min, and the advancing speed of the microfluidic spinning needle head corresponding to the sheath layer spinning solution is set to 0.4-0.45 mL / min; And / or, the coagulation bath comprises deionized water; And / or, the fiber winding and collecting device used for winding and collecting has a drum diameter of 5 cm, a rotating speed of 15 r / min and a drying temperature of 70°C.

6. The electro-luminescent magnetic fiber of claim 1, wherein: The silver nanowire suspension is injected into the hollow structure of the hollow composite fiber to obtain a composite fiber matrix, comprising: using a syringe to inject the silver nanowire suspension into the hollow structure of the hollow composite fiber, so that the silver nanowire suspension completely fills the hollow structure of the hollow composite fiber; Wherein, the needle caliber of the syringe is ≤0.2 mm.

7. The electro-luminescent magnetic fiber of claim 1, wherein: The concentration of the indium tin oxide is 3-4 wt%.

8. The electro-luminescent magnetic fiber of claim 1, wherein: The three-layer structure composite fiber is encapsulated by a surface immersion method, and the encapsulation layer material comprises polyurethane.

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