Height-adjustable rubber support and construction method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of bridge supports, in particular to a height-adjustable rubber support and a construction method thereof. The rubber support system is formed by superposing an upper connecting plate, a rubber support body and a middle connecting plate from top to bottom, the spring height adjusting system is formed by superposing an anti-collapse nut, a height adjusting nut, an upper sleeve, a spring, a guide screw rod, a lower sleeve and a lower connecting plate from top to bottom, and the upper connecting plate is connected with a bridge superstructure through an upper anchor bolt; and the lower connecting plate is connected with a bridge lower structure through a lower anchor bolt. On the basis that the vertical supporting function, the horizontal displacement function and the rotating function of the rubber support are kept, the height easy-to-adjust function is added, and the rubber support can be widely applied to widening bridges.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of bridge bearings, and in particular to a height-adjustable rubber bearing and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the high-quality development of my country's economy, the traffic volume continues to grow, and the traffic capacity of a large number of roads can no longer meet the demand. According to the latest "National Highway Network Plan", by 2035, it is estimated that about 30,000 kilometers of expressways in my country will need to be expanded and renovated. As an important part of the highway, a large number of bridges are in urgent need of widening and renovation. At present, the new and old structures of the widened bridges usually adopt a connection method in which the upper structure is connected and the lower structure is separated. Engineering practice has shown that the differential settlement between the new and old structures is difficult to avoid, which will seriously affect the performance of the widened bridge and should be controlled. Commonly used differential settlement control measures include increasing the number of piles, increasing the pile diameter, increasing the pile length, grouting on the pile side, and setting up height adjustment bearings. Among them, setting up height adjustment bearings has the advantages of low engineering cost and good implementation effect, and is a highly competitive control measure.

[0003] Common height-adjustable supports include liquid height-adjustable supports, curved plate height-adjustable supports, and wedge-shaped height-adjustable supports. Among them, liquid height-adjustable supports increase the height by injecting oil, but the disadvantage is that the height can only be adjusted in one direction and is easily affected by the ambient temperature. Curved plate height-adjustable supports achieve height changes through the deformation of the curved plate, but the disadvantage is that the adjustment accuracy is difficult to control. Wedge-shaped height-adjustable supports increase the height by moving the horizontal position of the wedge-shaped slider, but the disadvantage is that the construction process is complicated and the fault tolerance rate is low.

[0004] In summary, although the existing height-adjustable bearing can realize the height-adjustable function, the construction accuracy is not easy to guarantee and the fault tolerance is low. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a new type of height-adjustable bearing. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the current situation that the height-adjustable bearing has obvious advantages but requires high construction precision, the present invention discloses a height-adjustable rubber bearing, which aims to achieve easy height adjustment of the height-adjustable bearing and comprehensively improve its practical performance.

[0006] The second object of the present invention is to provide a method for constructing a height-adjustable rubber bearing, which is used for the construction of the above-mentioned height-adjustable rubber bearing.

[0007] The present invention provides a height-adjustable rubber bearing, which is composed of a rubber bearing system and a spring height adjustment system connected in series;

[0008] The rubber bearing system comprises an upper connecting plate, a rubber bearing body and a middle connecting plate, wherein the upper connecting plate, the rubber bearing body and the middle connecting plate are arranged from top to bottom, and the rubber bearing body is connected to the upper connecting plate and the middle connecting plate;

[0009] The spring height adjustment system comprises an anti-collapse nut, a height adjustment nut, an upper sleeve, a spring, a guide screw, a lower sleeve and a lower connecting plate;

[0010] The lower connecting plate is located at the lower side of the middle connecting plate, and the two are arranged opposite to each other;

[0011] The spring is arranged between the middle connecting plate and the lower connecting plate, the bottom of the guide screw is fixedly connected to the lower connecting plate, the top of the guide screw passes through the middle connecting plate and is threadedly connected to the height adjustment nut, and the end of the guide screw is connected to the anti-collapse nut;

[0012] The upper end and the lower end of the spring are respectively sleeved with an upper sleeve and a lower sleeve;

[0013] The upper sleeve is fixedly connected to the middle connecting plate, and the lower sleeve is fixedly connected to the lower connecting plate.

[0014] Furthermore, the rubber bearing body, the upper connecting plate and the middle connecting plate are bonded by vulcanization.

[0015] Furthermore, the bottom of the guide screw is connected to the lower connecting plate by welding, and the end of the guide screw is connected to the anti-collapse nut by welding;

[0016] The upper sleeve is connected to the middle connecting plate by welding, and the lower sleeve is connected to the lower connecting plate by welding.

[0017] Furthermore, the rubber bearing body is made of one of natural rubber, artificial rubber, laminated rubber composed of steel plate, lead core rubber, and high damping rubber.

[0018] Furthermore, the upper sleeve and the lower sleeve have the same specifications, the inner diameter of which is larger than the diameter of the lead screw, and the outer diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the spring.

[0019] Further, the spring is composed of multiple rows and columns of cylindrical helical compression springs of the same type;

[0020] The lead screw top setting range is tapped.

[0021] Furthermore, the spring is pre-stressed, and the pre-stress amount is the sum of the compression amount generated by the vertical bearing capacity of the rubber bearing body in the spring and the designed height adjustment amount.

[0022] Furthermore, the support exhibits a linear elastic constitutive relation in the vertical direction;

[0023] The vertical load on the support is F = K·U, where K is the vertical stiffness of the support and U is the vertical deformation of the support;

[0024] Support vertical stiffness K = K B ·K S / (K B+K S ), where K B is the compression stiffness of the rubber bearing body, K S is the compression stiffness of the spring;

[0025] Vertical deformation of support U = U B +U S , where U B is the compression deformation of the rubber bearing body, U S is the preload of the spring; spring preload U S =F S / K S =(F S1 +F S2 ) / K S =U S1 +U S2 , where F S is the design preload force of the spring, F S1 is the vertical bearing capacity of the rubber bearing body, F S2 To increase the preload force, U S1 U is the compression amount of the spring caused by the vertical bearing capacity of the rubber bearing body. S2 Increase the amount for design.

[0026] A construction method for a height-adjustable rubber bearing, which is used for the construction of the height-adjustable rubber bearing as described above, comprises the following steps:

[0027] First, weld the upper sleeve to the middle connecting plate, and vulcanize and bond the rubber bearing body to the upper connecting plate and the middle connecting plate;

[0028] Secondly, the guide screw is welded to the lower connecting plate, and the lower casing is passed through the guide screw and then welded to the lower connecting plate;

[0029] Pass the spring through the guide screw and the lower sleeve again, pass the guide screw through the middle connecting plate, and insert the upper sleeve into the spring;

[0030] Finally, screw the height adjustment nut into the guide screw to the preload amount of the spring, and weld the anti-collapse nut to the guide screw.

[0031] Furthermore, after the support is processed, the upper connecting plate is connected to the upper structure of the bridge through the upper anchor bolts, and the lower connecting plate is connected to the lower structure of the bridge through the lower anchor bolts.

[0032] The beneficial technical effect achieved by the present invention is that the present invention adds a height adjustment function on the basis of maintaining the vertical support function, horizontal displacement function and rotation function of the rubber bearing, and can be widely used in widening bridges. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0034] Figure 1 A discrete graph of a height-adjustable rubber bearing provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 An elevation view of a height-adjustable rubber bearing provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 An AA cross-sectional view of a height-adjustable rubber bearing provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 A BB cross-sectional view of a height-adjustable rubber bearing provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5 A CC cross-sectional view of a height-adjustable rubber bearing provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 6 An installation diagram of a height-adjustable rubber bearing provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0042] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined. In addition, the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal connection of two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0043] The basic functions of rubber bearings include vertical support, horizontal displacement, and rotation. In order to reduce the impact of differential settlement on the widened bridge, the bearings are usually required to have height adjustment function. However, the existing height adjustment bearings only have one-way height adjustment function or the construction accuracy is difficult to guarantee, and they do not have the height adjustment function. Therefore, new technology is needed to improve the height adjustability of the height adjustment bearings.

[0044] From the perspective of method, the height adjustment of the bearing can be achieved through liquid height adjustment materials or mechanical height adjustment structures. Among them, the height adjustment bearing using liquid height adjustment materials such as oil can only adjust the height in one direction and is easily affected by the ambient temperature; the height adjustment bearing using mechanical height adjustment structures (such as arc plates, wedges, etc.) can adjust the height in two directions, but the construction accuracy requirements are high. Therefore, in this height adjustment bearing design, the basic function of the spring height being easy to adjust is utilized, and the concept of height adjustable rubber bearing is proposed.

[0045] See also Figure 1-6 , this embodiment provides a height-adjustable rubber bearing, which is composed of a rubber bearing system and a spring height adjustment system connected in series.

[0046] The rubber bearing system is composed of an upper connecting plate 1, a rubber bearing body 2, and a middle connecting plate 3 stacked from top to bottom. The rubber bearing body 2 and the upper connecting plate 1 and the middle connecting plate 3 are bonded by vulcanization.

[0047] The spring height adjustment system is composed of an anti-collapse nut 4, a height adjustment nut 5, an upper sleeve 6, a spring 7, a guide screw 8, a lower sleeve 9, and a lower connecting plate 10 stacked from top to bottom.

[0048] The bottom of the guide screw 8 is welded to the lower connecting plate 10, the top of the guide screw 8 passes through the middle connecting plate 3 and is fixed by the height adjustment nut 5 and welded to the anti-collapse nut 4, the upper sleeve 6 is welded to the middle connecting plate 3, the lower sleeve 9 is welded to the lower connecting plate 10, and the spring 7 is sleeved on the upper sleeve 6 and the lower sleeve 9.

[0049] In this embodiment, the rubber support body 2 is made of one of natural rubber, artificial rubber, laminated rubber composed of steel plate, lead core rubber, and high damping rubber.

[0050] In this embodiment, the upper sleeve 6 and the lower sleeve 9 have the same specifications, their inner diameters are larger than the diameter of the guide screw 8, and their outer diameters are smaller than the inner diameter of the spring 7. Furthermore, the outer diameters of the upper sleeve 6 and the lower sleeve 9 are slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the spring 7.

[0051] In this embodiment, the spring 7 is composed of multiple rows and columns of cylindrical helical compression springs of the same type, and the top of the guide screw 8 is tapped within a set range.

[0052] In this embodiment, the spring 7 is pre-stressed, and the pre-stress amount is the sum of the compression amount generated by the vertical bearing force of the rubber bearing body 2 on the spring 7 and the designed height adjustment amount.

[0053] In this embodiment, the construction method of the support includes the following steps: first, the upper sleeve 6 is welded to the middle connecting plate 3, and the rubber support body 2 is vulcanized and bonded to the upper connecting plate 1 and the middle connecting plate 3; secondly, the guide screw 8 is welded to the lower connecting plate 10, and the lower sleeve 9 is passed through the guide screw 8 and then welded to the lower connecting plate 10; again, the spring 7 is passed through the guide screw 8 and the lower sleeve 9, and the guide screw 8 is passed through the middle connecting plate 3, and the upper sleeve 6 is embedded in the spring 7; finally, the height adjustment nut 5 is screwed into the guide screw 8 to the preload of the spring 7, and the anti-collapse nut 4 is welded to the guide screw 8. After the support is processed, the upper connecting plate 1 is connected to the bridge superstructure 13 through the upper anchor bolts 11, and the lower connecting plate 10 is connected to the bridge substructure 14 through the lower anchor bolts 12.

[0054] A design method of an adjustable height rubber support in an embodiment of the present application is as follows:

[0055] The height-adjustable rubber bearing is composed of a rubber bearing system and a spring height adjustment system in series, and the two bear the same vertical load; the horizontal displacement function and rotation function are realized by the rubber bearing system; the height adjustment function is realized by the spring height adjustment system. Among them, the preload of the spring is realized by rotating the height adjustment nut;

[0056] The height-adjustable rubber bearing exhibits a linear elastic constitutive relation in the vertical direction. The vertical load of the bearing is F = K·U, where K is the vertical stiffness of the bearing and U is the vertical deformation of the bearing. The vertical stiffness of the bearing K = K B ·K S / (K B +K S ), where K B is the compression stiffness of the rubber bearing body, K S is the compression stiffness of the spring; the vertical deformation of the support U = U B +US , where U B is the compression deformation of the rubber bearing body, U S is the preload of the spring; spring preload U S =F S / K S =(F S1 +F S2 ) / K S =U S1 +U S2 , where F S is the design preload force of the spring, F S1 is the vertical bearing capacity of the rubber bearing body, F S2 To increase the preload force, U S1 U is the compression amount of the spring caused by the vertical bearing capacity of the rubber bearing body. S2 Increase the amount for design.

[0057] It should be further explained that the core component of the spring height adjustment system is the spring, and its main feature is that the preloaded spring can adjust the height of the support only through its own elastic deformation. It should be pointed out that, unlike the existing height adjustment support, the spring height adjustment system achieves height adjustment by mechanical means, and has good adaptability and easy adjustability.

[0058] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A height-adjustable rubber bearing, characterized in that: It is composed of a rubber support system and a spring height adjustment system in series; The rubber bearing system comprises an upper connecting plate (1), a rubber bearing body (2) and a middle connecting plate (3), wherein the upper connecting plate (1), the rubber bearing body (2) and the middle connecting plate (3) are arranged from top to bottom, and the rubber bearing body (2) is connected to the upper connecting plate (1) and the middle connecting plate (3); The spring height adjustment system comprises an anti-collapse nut (4), a height adjustment nut (5), an upper sleeve (6), a spring (7), a guide screw (8), a lower sleeve (9) and a lower connecting plate (10); The lower connecting plate (10) is located at the lower side of the middle connecting plate (3), and the two are arranged opposite to each other; The spring is arranged between the middle connecting plate (3) and the lower connecting plate (10), the bottom of the guide screw (8) is fixedly connected to the lower connecting plate (10), the top of the guide screw (8) passes through the middle connecting plate (3) and is threadedly connected to the height adjustment nut (5), and the end of the guide screw (8) is connected to the anti-collapse nut (4); The upper end and the lower end of the spring (7) are respectively sleeved with an upper sleeve (6) and a lower sleeve (9); The upper sleeve (6) is fixedly connected to the middle connecting plate (3), and the lower sleeve (9) is fixedly connected to the lower connecting plate (10).

2. The height-adjustable rubber bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rubber support body (2) and the upper connecting plate (1) and the middle connecting plate (3) are bonded by vulcanization.

3. The height-adjustable rubber bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the guide screw (8) is connected to the lower connecting plate (10) by welding, and the end of the guide screw (8) is connected to the anti-collapse nut (4) by welding; The upper sleeve (6) is connected to the middle connecting plate (3) by welding, and the lower sleeve (9) is connected to the lower connecting plate (10) by welding.

4. The height-adjustable rubber bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rubber support body (2) is selected from one of natural rubber, artificial rubber, laminated rubber composed of steel plates, lead core rubber, and high damping rubber.

5. The height-adjustable rubber bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper sleeve (6) and the lower sleeve (9) have the same specifications, and their inner diameter is larger than the diameter of the guide screw (8), and their outer diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the spring (7).

6. The height-adjustable rubber bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spring (7) is composed of multiple rows and columns of cylindrical helical compression springs of the same type; The top setting range of the guide screw (8) is tapped.

7. The height-adjustable rubber bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spring (7) is pre-stressed, and the pre-stress amount is the sum of the compression amount generated by the vertical bearing capacity of the rubber support body (2) on the spring (7) and the designed height adjustment amount.

8. The height-adjustable rubber bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The support exhibits a linear elastic constitutive relationship in the vertical direction; The vertical load on the support is F = K·U, where K is the vertical stiffness of the support and U is the vertical deformation of the support; Support vertical stiffness K = K B ·K S / (K B +K S ), where K B is the compression stiffness of the rubber bearing body (2), K S is the compression stiffness of the spring (7); Vertical deformation of support U = U B +U S , where U B is the compression deformation of the rubber bearing body (2), U S is the preload of the spring (7); Spring (7) preload U S =F S / K S =(F S1 +F S2 ) / K S =U S1 +U S2 , where F S is the design preload force of the spring (7), F S1 is the vertical bearing capacity of the rubber bearing body (2), F S2 To increase the preload force, U S1 is the compression amount of the spring (7) caused by the vertical bearing force of the rubber bearing body (2), U S2 Increase the amount for design.

9. A construction method for a height-adjustable rubber bearing, characterized in that: The construction method is used for the construction of the height-adjustable rubber bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and comprises the following steps: First, the upper sleeve (6) is welded to the middle connecting plate (3), and the rubber support body (2) is vulcanized and bonded to the upper connecting plate (1) and the middle connecting plate (3); Secondly, the guide screw (8) is welded to the lower connecting plate (10), and the lower sleeve (9) is passed through the guide screw (8) and then welded to the lower connecting plate (10); Pass the spring (7) through the guide screw (8) and the lower sleeve (9) again, pass the guide screw (8) through the middle connecting plate (3), and insert the upper sleeve (6) into the spring (7); Finally, the height adjustment nut (5) is screwed into the guide screw (8) to the preload amount of the spring (7), and the collapse prevention nut (4) is welded to the guide screw (8).

10. The construction method of the height-adjustable rubber bearing according to claim 9, characterized in that: After the support is processed, the upper connecting plate (1) is connected to the bridge upper structure (13) through the upper anchor bolts (11), and the lower connecting plate (10) is connected to the bridge lower structure (14) through the lower anchor bolts (12).

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