River in-situ ecological restoration system and restoration method based on scientific desilting

Abstract

The invention provides a river in-situ ecological restoration system and method based on scientific desilting, the restoration system comprises a ship body and a suction hood, the ship body is provided with a sludge discharge assembly, the sludge discharge assembly comprises a sleeve and a discharge pipe, the sleeve is provided with a lifting assembly, the lifting assembly comprises a first motor and a screw plate, and the screw plate is provided with a second motor. The river in-situ ecological restoration system based on scientific desilting comprises a roller, a sleeve is installed on the roller, a separation assembly is welded to the sleeve, the separation assembly comprises a filter cartridge and a clamping sleeve, a water spraying assembly is installed on the clamping sleeve, and the water spraying assembly comprises a spraying pipe and an electromagnetic valve. The water is sucked into the inner side of the suction cover through the one-way valve, the situation that river water is mixed during dredging work is avoided, the safety of the ecological environment in a river is guaranteed, water in the clamping sleeve is sprayed outwards through the spraying pipe, movement of the dredging equipment is assisted, energy consumption needed by movement of the dredging equipment is reduced, and the dredging device is suitable for dredging work of rivers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of river dredging equipment, and in particular to an in-situ river ecological restoration system and restoration method based on scientific dredging. Background Art

[0002] In order to ensure the in-situ ecological restoration of rivers, it is often necessary to use river dredging equipment to clean the silt on the riverbed. The invention patent with patent application number CN201711380813.8 discloses a river dredging machine with silt disturbance and pushing function. The second push rod motor can drive the second connecting rod to move, so that the cross plate and the drill bit can move, the driving motor can drive the connecting shaft to rotate, and the block can be used to drive the drill bit to rotate. The present invention is easy to use. The height of the dredging machine body can be adjusted by the first push rod motor, and the drill bit can be driven to rotate by the driving motor, so that the drill bit can disturb the silt on the riverbed, thereby breaking up the silt, and finally using the second push rod motor to move the second connecting rod to move the cross plate and the drill bit. The rod motor drives the second connecting rod to move, so that the horizontal plate drives the two vertical plates to push the broken up silt, and the operation is simple. According to the disclosed technical solution, when the existing river dredging equipment is in use, on the one hand, the dredging work can easily cause the river water to become turbid, which is not conducive to protecting the surrounding ecological environment and endangering the safety of organisms in the river. On the other hand, in order to reduce the waste of water resources, mud and water separation is often required. The ability to separate and squeeze out water cannot be effectively utilized, which is not conducive to energy saving. On the other hand, the dredging position cannot be automatically adjusted according to the depth of the silt, which can easily cause the mud and sand in situ on the riverbed to be cleared away, which is not conducive to ensuring the in-situ ecological restoration of the river. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a river in-situ ecological restoration system and method based on scientific dredging to solve the problems raised in the above background technology. The present invention has a novel structure and diverse functions and is suitable for use in scientific dredging of rivers.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention is implemented through the following technical scheme: a river in-situ ecological restoration system based on scientific dredging, including a hull and a suction hood, a mud discharge assembly is installed on the hull, the mud discharge assembly includes a sleeve and a discharge pipe, a lifting assembly is installed on the sleeve, the lifting assembly includes a motor 1 and a screw plate, a separation assembly is welded on the sleeve, the separation assembly includes a filter cartridge and a ferrule, a water spray assembly is installed on the ferrule, the water spray assembly includes a nozzle and a solenoid valve, a moving assembly is installed on the suction hood, the moving assembly includes a roller and a motor 2, a lifting assembly is installed on the sleeve, the lifting assembly includes a motor 3 and a screw rod, an adjustment assembly is installed on the screw rod, and the adjustment assembly includes a guide sleeve and a wire sleeve.

[0005] Furthermore, a channel is provided on the inner side of the hull, the sleeve is installed on the top of the hull, the row of pipes is welded to the outer side of the top end of the sleeve, and the row of pipes is communicated with the sleeve.

[0006] Furthermore, the motor 1 is installed on the top end of the sleeve by bolts, the ferrule is welded to the bottom end of the sleeve, the filter cartridge is welded to the inner side of the ferrule, the bottom end of the ferrule is welded to the top of the suction hood, an inner cylinder is welded on the inner side of the suction hood, the inner cylinder is connected to the sleeve through the filter cartridge, the top end of the screw plate is keyed to the output shaft of the motor 1, and the bottom end of the screw plate passes through the sleeve, the filter cartridge and the inner sleeve in sequence and extends to the bottom of the inner cylinder.

[0007] Furthermore, the nozzle is welded to both sides of the bottom end of the sleeve, the solenoid valve is installed on the top of the nozzle, the bottom of the solenoid valve extends to the inner side of the nozzle, a flap is installed on the inner side of the nozzle, the bottom end of the flap is installed on the inner wall of the bottom of the nozzle through a rotating shaft, and the bottom of the flap is connected to the inner wall of the bottom of the nozzle through a spring.

[0008] Furthermore, both sides of the suction hood are provided with bayonet holes, the roller is clamped inside the bayonet holes, and sealing plates are welded on both sides of the suction hood, and the sealing plates are sealed on the inner walls of both ends of the roller through sealing rings.

[0009] Furthermore, the motor 2 is mounted on the sealing plate by bolts, a connecting plate is welded on the inner wall of the drum, the connecting plate is keyed to the output shaft of the motor 2 by a connecting rod, and one-way valves are installed on both sides of the suction hood, and the outer side of the suction hood is unidirectionally connected with the inner side of the suction hood through the one-way valve.

[0010] Furthermore, the motor three is installed on both sides of the top end of the sleeve by bolts, the top end of the screw rod is keyed to the output shaft of the motor three, the guide sleeve is welded to the inner side of the hull, the wire sleeve is stuck on the inner side of the guide sleeve, and the bottom end of the screw rod passes through the guide sleeve and the wire sleeve and extends to the bottom of the hull.

[0011] Furthermore, the wire sleeve is arranged on the outer side of the screw rod through a threaded sleeve, the top and bottom ends of the wire sleeve are connected to the inner wall of the guide sleeve through spring 2, electrodes are welded on the inner wall of the guide sleeve, and the electrodes are distributed on the top and bottom of the wire sleeve.

[0012] Furthermore, an external switch group is connected to the hull, and the switch group is connected to motor one, motor two, a solenoid valve and an electrode through wires, and the electrode is connected to motor three through wires.

[0013] A method of in-situ river ecological restoration based on scientific dredging.

[0014] Step 1: transport the hull to the river and set up a silt transport vehicle on the river bank;

[0015] Step 2: connect the drainage pipe to the external pipe, and fix one end of the external pipe to the inner side of the sludge transport vehicle, then turn on the switch group on the hull, turn on the switch group, and start the motor 1, motor 2, and motor 3 to perform silt removal work;

[0016] Step 3: Open the solenoid valve in the corresponding direction according to the moving direction of the hull.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. When the river in-situ ecological restoration system and restoration method based on scientific dredging is used, the hull is placed in the river, and the suction hood is moved downward until the bottom of the suction hood covers the top of the silt, and the motor one is turned on. The motor one drives the screw plate to rotate, and the silt is pushed to the inside of the inner cylinder by the push of the screw plate. The motor two drives the drum to rotate under the support of the sealing plate, and then the silt at the bottom of the river is moved and cleaned. The screw plate rotates in the inner cylinder, so that the inner cylinder generates suction on the inside of the suction hood. While sucking away the silt, the suction hood generates suction on both sides of the suction hood through the one-way valve. The turbid water generated by the drum walking on the silt at the bottom of the river is sucked into the inside of the suction hood by the one-way valve, and then pushed upward to the inside of the filter cylinder by the screw plate and the inner cylinder, thereby effectively avoiding the situation where the river water is confused during the dredging work, ensuring the ecological environment safety in the river, and at the same time ensuring the safety of river organisms.

[0019] 2. When the river in-situ ecological restoration system and restoration method based on scientific dredging is in use, when the screw plate pushes the silt and water to move upward, the water is squeezed into the inner side of the ferrule through the filter cartridge by the pushing and squeezing of the screw plate. After being filtered by the filter cartridge, the silt is squeezed into the discharge pipe through the top of the sleeve, and the silt is discharged to the transport vehicle on the river bank through the discharge pipe. The water squeezed into the ferrule through the filter cartridge has a certain pressure. According to the direction of the dredging work, the solenoid valve in the corresponding direction is opened, and the water in the ferrule passes through the nozzle under the squeezing of the screw plate and pushes the flap to spray outward. The flap is used to adjust the nozzle opening according to the water flow speed to ensure the water flow speed, and then the ejected high-speed water flow is effectively used to assist the movement of the dredging equipment, reduce the energy consumption required for the movement of the dredging equipment, and improve the effective utilization rate of energy.

[0020] 3. When the river in-situ ecological restoration system and restoration method based on scientific dredging are in use, during dredging work, when the suction hood moves through the drum, according to the height of the silt, the suction hood pushes the sleeve up and down through the clamping sleeve, and the sleeve drives the wire sleeve to move up and down on the inner side of the guide sleeve through the motor three and the screw rod. When the wire sleeve compresses the spring two and contacts the top or bottom electrode in the guide sleeve, the motor three is turned on, so that the motor three drives the screw rod to move up and down on the inner side of the wire sleeve, thereby driving the suction hood to move up and down, so as to ensure that when the suction hood moves at the bottom of the river by rolling, the drum and the bottom of the river always have a stable pressure, and ensure that when the suction hood moves downward, it can completely move to the bottom of the silt and will be blocked by the original bottom of the river, thereby ensuring the cleanliness of the silt and avoiding damage to the original riverbed of the river, thereby ensuring the in-situ ecological restoration of the river. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a river in-situ ecological restoration system and restoration method based on scientific dredging according to the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a river in-situ ecological restoration system and restoration method based on scientific dredging according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of a nozzle of a river in-situ ecological restoration system and restoration method based on scientific dredging according to the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a drum of a river in-situ ecological restoration system and restoration method based on scientific dredging according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a silk sleeve of a river in-situ ecological restoration system and restoration method based on scientific dredging according to the present invention.

[0026] In the figure: 1. hull; 2. suction hood; 3. inner tube; 4. sleeve; 5. motor 1; 6. drain pipe; 7. screw plate; 8. filter cartridge; 9. ferrule; 10. nozzle; 11. solenoid valve; 12. flap; 13. spring 1; 14. sealing plate; 15. roller; 16. motor 2; 17. one-way valve; 18. motor 3; 19. screw rod; 20. guide sleeve; 21. thread sleeve; 22. spring 2; 23. electrode. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0028] See also Figures 1 to 5The present invention provides a technical solution: a river in-situ ecological restoration system based on scientific dredging, comprising a hull 1 and a suction hood 2, a mud discharge assembly is installed on the hull 1, the mud discharge assembly comprises a sleeve 4 and a discharge pipe 6, a lifting assembly is installed on the sleeve 4, the lifting assembly comprises a motor 5 and a screw plate 7, a separation assembly is welded on the sleeve 4, the separation assembly comprises a filter cartridge 8 and a ferrule 9, a water spray assembly is installed on the ferrule 9, the water spray assembly comprises a spray pipe 10 and a solenoid valve 11, a moving assembly is installed on the suction hood 2, and the The moving assembly includes a roller 15 and a second motor 16. A lifting assembly is installed on the sleeve 4. The lifting assembly includes a third motor 18 and a screw rod 19. An adjustment assembly is installed on the screw rod 19. The adjustment assembly includes a guide sleeve 20 and a screw sleeve 21. Both sides of the suction cover 2 are provided with bayonet holes. The roller 15 is stuck on the inner side of the bayonet hole. Both sides of the suction cover 2 are welded with sealing plates 14. The sealing plates 14 are sealed on the inner walls of both ends of the roller 15 through sealing rings. The second motor 16 is installed on the sealing plate 14 through bolts. The inner wall of the roller 15 A connecting plate is welded on the upper part, and the connecting plate is connected to the output shaft key of the motor 2 16 through a connecting rod. A one-way valve 17 is installed on both sides of the suction cover 2. The outer side of the suction cover 2 is unidirectionally connected with the inner side of the suction cover 2 through the one-way valve 17. When in use, the hull 1 is placed in the river, and the suction cover 2 is moved downward until the bottom of the suction cover 2 is covered on the top of the silt, and the motor 15 is turned on. The motor 15 drives the screw plate 7 to rotate, and the silt is pushed to the inside of the inner cylinder 3 by the push of the screw plate 7. The motor 2 16 drives the roller 15 to rotate under the support of the sealing plate 14, and then The silt at the bottom of the river is moved and cleaned, and the screw plate 7 rotates in the inner cylinder 3, so that the inner cylinder 3 generates suction on the inner side of the suction hood 2. While sucking away the silt, the suction hood 2 generates suction on both sides of the suction hood 2 through the one-way valve 17. The turbid water generated by the roller 15 walking on the silt at the bottom of the river is sucked into the inner side of the suction hood 2 by the one-way valve 17, and then pushed upward to the inner side of the filter cartridge 8 by the screw plate 7 and the inner cylinder 3, thereby effectively avoiding the situation where the river water is confused during the dredging work, ensuring the ecological environment safety in the river, and at the same time ensuring the safety of river organisms.

[0029] In this embodiment, a channel is provided on the inner side of the hull 1, the sleeve 4 is installed on the top of the hull 1, the row pipe 6 is welded to the outer side of the top of the sleeve 4, the row pipe 6 is connected to the sleeve 4, the motor 5 is installed on the top of the sleeve 4 by bolts, the ferrule 9 is welded to the bottom end of the sleeve 4, the filter cartridge 8 is welded to the inner side of the ferrule 9, the bottom end of the ferrule 9 is welded to the top of the suction hood 2, the inner side of the suction hood 2 is welded with an inner tube 3, and the inner tube 3 is connected to the suction hood 2. The filter cartridge 8 is connected to the sleeve 4, the top of the screw plate 7 is keyed to the output shaft of the motor 5, the bottom of the screw plate 7 passes through the sleeve 4, the filter cartridge 8 and the inner sleeve 3 in sequence and extends to the bottom of the inner cylinder 3, the nozzle 10 is welded on both sides of the bottom end of the sleeve 9, the solenoid valve 11 is installed on the top of the nozzle 10, the bottom of the solenoid valve 11 extends to the inside of the nozzle 10, the inner side of the nozzle 10 is installed with a flap 12, the bottom end of the flap 12 is installed through the shaft Installed on the inner wall of the bottom of the nozzle 10, the bottom of the flap 12 is connected to the inner wall of the bottom of the nozzle 10 through a spring 13. When in use, when the screw plate 7 pushes the sludge and water to move upward, the water is squeezed into the inner side of the sleeve 9 through the filter cartridge 8 by the pushing and squeezing of the screw plate 7. After the sludge is filtered by the filter cartridge 8, it is squeezed into the discharge pipe 6 through the top of the sleeve 4, and the sludge is discharged to the transport vehicle on the river bank through the discharge pipe 6. The water squeezed into the sleeve 9 through the filter cartridge 8 has a certain pressure. According to the walking direction of the dredging work, the solenoid valve 11 in the corresponding direction is opened. The water in the sleeve 9 passes through the nozzle 10 under the squeezing of the screw plate 7, and pushes the flap 12 to spray outward. The flap 12 is used to adjust the opening of the nozzle 10 according to the water flow speed to ensure the water flow speed, and then effectively utilize the ejected high-speed water flow to assist the movement of the dredging equipment, reduce the energy consumption required for the movement of the dredging equipment, and improve the effective utilization rate of energy.

[0030] In this embodiment, the motor three 18 is installed on both sides of the top of the sleeve 4 by bolts, the top of the screw rod 19 is keyed to the output shaft of the motor three 18, the guide sleeve 20 is welded to the inner side of the hull 1, the wire sleeve 21 is stuck on the inner side of the guide sleeve 20, the bottom end of the screw rod 19 passes through the guide sleeve 20 and the wire sleeve 21 and extends to the bottom of the hull 1, the wire sleeve 21 is arranged on the outer side of the screw rod 19 by a threaded sleeve, the top and bottom ends of the wire sleeve 21 are connected to the inner wall of the guide sleeve 20 through a spring two 22, an electrode 23 is welded on the inner wall of the guide sleeve 20, and the electrode 23 is distributed on the top and bottom of the wire sleeve 21, an external switch group is connected to the hull 1, and the switch group is connected to the motor one 5, the motor two 16, the solenoid valve 11 and the electrode 23 through wires, and the electrode 23 is connected to the motor three 18 through wires.

[0031] A method of in-situ river ecological restoration based on scientific dredging.

[0032] Step 1: transport the hull to the river and set up a silt transport vehicle on the river bank;

[0033] Step 2: connect the drainage pipe to the external pipe, and fix one end of the external pipe to the inner side of the sludge transport vehicle, then turn on the switch group on the hull, turn on the switch group, and start the motor 1, motor 2, and motor 3 to perform silt removal work;

[0034] Step three, according to the moving direction of the hull, open the solenoid valve in the corresponding direction. When dredging is carried out, when the suction hood 2 moves through the roller 15, according to the height of the silt, the suction hood 2 pushes the sleeve 4 up and down through the sleeve 9, and the sleeve 4 drives the wire sleeve 21 to move up and down on the inner side of the guide sleeve 20 through the motor three 18 and the screw rod 19. When the wire sleeve 21 compresses the spring two 22 and contacts the top or bottom electrode 23 in the guide sleeve 20, the motor three 18 is turned on, so that the motor three 18 drives the screw rod 19 to move up and down on the inner side of the wire sleeve 21, thereby driving the suction hood 2 to move up and down, so as to ensure that when the suction hood 2 moves at the bottom of the river through the roller 15, the roller 15 and the bottom of the river always have a stable pressure, so as to ensure that the suction hood 2 can completely move to the bottom of the silt when moving downward, and will be blocked by the original bottom of the river, thereby ensuring the cleanliness of the silt cleaning, avoiding damage to the original riverbed of the river, and ensuring the in-situ ecological restoration of the river.

[0035] The river in-situ ecological restoration system and restoration method based on scientific dredging provides power to all electrical equipment through an external power supply. When in use, the hull 1 is placed in the river, and the suction hood 2 is moved downward until the bottom of the suction hood 2 covers the top of the silt, and the motor 1 5 is turned on. The motor 1 5 drives the screw plate 7 to rotate, and the silt is pushed to the inside of the inner cylinder 3 by the push of the screw plate 7. The motor 2 16 drives the roller 15 to rotate under the support of the sealing plate 14, and then the silt at the bottom of the river is moved and cleaned. The screw plate 7 rotates in the inner cylinder 3, so that the inner cylinder 3 generates suction on the inside of the suction hood 2. While sucking away the silt, the suction hood 2 generates suction on both sides of the suction hood 2 through the one-way valve 17. Suction, the turbid water generated by the roller 15 walking on the silt at the bottom of the river is sucked into the inner side of the suction cover 2 by the one-way valve 17, and then pushed upward to the inner side of the filter cartridge 8 by the screw plate 7 and the inner cylinder 3, thereby effectively avoiding the situation where the river water is confused during the dredging work, ensuring the ecological environment safety in the river, and at the same time ensuring the safety of river creatures. When the screw plate 7 pushes the silt and water to move upward, the water is squeezed into the inner side of the ferrule 9 through the filter cartridge 8 by the pushing and squeezing of the screw plate 7. After the silt is filtered by the filter cartridge 8, it is squeezed into the discharge pipe 6 through the top of the sleeve 4, and the silt is discharged to the transport vehicle on the river bank through the discharge pipe 6, and is squeezed into the ferrule 9 through the filter cartridge 8. The water has a certain pressure. According to the direction of the silt removal work, the electromagnetic valve 11 in the corresponding direction is opened. The water in the sleeve 9 passes through the nozzle 10 under the extrusion of the screw plate 7, and pushes the flap 12 to spray out. The flap 12 is used to adjust the opening of the nozzle 10 according to the water flow speed to ensure the water flow speed, and then effectively use the ejected high-speed water flow to assist the movement of the silt removal equipment, reduce the energy consumption required for the movement of the silt removal equipment, and improve the effective utilization rate of energy. When the suction hood 2 moves through the roller 15, according to the height of the silt, the suction hood 2 pushes the sleeve 4 up and down through the sleeve 9, and the sleeve 4 drives the wire sleeve 21 in the guide sleeve 2 through the motor 3 18 and the screw rod 19. 0 moves up and down on the inner side of the guide sleeve 20, when the wire sleeve 21 compresses the spring 22 and contacts the top or bottom electrode 23 in the guide sleeve 20, the motor 3 18 is turned on, so that the motor 3 18 drives the screw rod 19 to move up and down on the inner side of the wire sleeve 21, thereby driving the suction cover 2 to move up and down, so as to ensure that when the suction cover 2 moves at the bottom of the river through the roller 15, the roller 15 and the bottom of the river always have a stable pressure, and ensure that the suction cover 2 can completely move to the bottom of the silt when moving downward, and will be blocked by the original bottom of the river, thereby ensuring the cleanliness of the silt, avoiding damage to the original riverbed of the river, and ensuring the in-situ ecological restoration of the river.

[0036] The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic features of the present invention. Therefore, no matter from which point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the attached claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are included in the present invention. Any figure mark in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

[0037] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A river in-situ ecological restoration system based on scientific dredging, comprising a hull (1) and a suction cover (2), wherein a mud discharge assembly is installed on the hull (1), wherein the mud discharge assembly comprises a sleeve (4) and a discharge pipe (6), wherein a lifting assembly is installed on the sleeve (4), wherein the lifting assembly comprises a motor (5) and a screw plate (7), wherein: A separation component is welded on the sleeve (4), and the separation component includes a filter cartridge (8) and a ferrule (9). A water spray component is installed on the ferrule (9), and the water spray component includes a nozzle (10) and a solenoid valve (11). A moving component is installed on the suction hood (2), and the moving component includes a roller (15) and a second motor (16). A lifting component is installed on the sleeve (4), and the lifting component includes a third motor (18) and a screw rod (19). An adjustment component is installed on the screw rod (19), and the adjustment component includes a guide sleeve (20) and a threaded sleeve (21).

2. The in-situ river ecological restoration system based on scientific dredging according to claim 1 is characterized by: A channel is provided on the inner side of the hull (1), the sleeve (4) is installed on the top of the hull (1), the row of pipes (6) is welded to the outer side of the top end of the sleeve (4), and the row of pipes (6) is connected to the sleeve (4).

3. The in-situ river ecological restoration system based on scientific dredging according to claim 2 is characterized by: The motor (5) is mounted on the top of the sleeve (4) by means of bolts, the sleeve (9) is welded to the bottom of the sleeve (4), the filter cartridge (8) is welded to the inner side of the sleeve (9), the bottom end of the sleeve (9) is welded to the top of the suction hood (2), an inner cylinder (3) is welded to the inner side of the suction hood (2), the inner cylinder (3) is connected to the sleeve (4) through the filter cartridge (8), the top end of the screw plate (7) is key-connected to the output shaft of the motor (5), the bottom end of the screw plate (7) passes through the sleeve (4), the filter cartridge (8) and the inner sleeve (3) in sequence and extends to the bottom of the inner cylinder (3).

4. The in-situ river ecological restoration system based on scientific dredging according to claim 3 is characterized by: The nozzle (10) is welded to both sides of the bottom end of the sleeve (9), the solenoid valve (11) is installed on the top of the nozzle (10), the bottom of the solenoid valve (11) extends to the inner side of the nozzle (10), and a flap (12) is installed on the inner side of the nozzle (10), the bottom end of the flap (12) is installed on the inner wall of the bottom of the nozzle (10) through a rotating shaft, and the bottom of the flap (12) is connected to the inner wall of the bottom of the nozzle (10) through a spring (13).

5. The in-situ river ecological restoration system based on scientific dredging according to claim 1 is characterized by: Both sides of the suction hood (2) are provided with bayonet holes, the roller (15) is clamped inside the bayonet holes, and both sides of the suction hood (2) are welded with sealing plates (14), the sealing plates (14) are sealed on the inner walls of both ends of the roller (15) through sealing rings.

6. The in-situ river ecological restoration system based on scientific dredging according to claim 5 is characterized by: The second motor (16) is mounted on the sealing plate (14) by means of bolts, a connecting plate is welded on the inner wall of the roller (15), and the connecting plate is key-connected to the output shaft of the second motor (16) by means of a connecting rod, and one-way valves (17) are mounted on both sides of the suction hood (2), and the outer side of the suction hood (2) is in one-way communication with the inner side of the suction hood (2) via the one-way valve (17).

7. The in-situ river ecological restoration system based on scientific dredging according to claim 1 is characterized by: The motor three (18) is installed on both sides of the top end of the sleeve (4) by bolts, the top end of the screw rod (19) is key-connected with the output shaft of the motor three (18), the guide sleeve (20) is welded to the inner side of the hull (1), the threaded sleeve (21) is clamped on the inner side of the guide sleeve (20), and the bottom end of the screw rod (19) passes through the guide sleeve (20) and the threaded sleeve (21) and extends to the bottom of the hull (1).

8. The in-situ river ecological restoration system based on scientific dredging according to claim 7 is characterized by: The wire sleeve (21) is arranged on the outer side of the screw rod (19) through a threaded sleeve, and the top and bottom ends of the wire sleeve (21) are connected to the inner wall of the guide sleeve (20) through a second spring (22). Electrodes (23) are welded on the inner wall of the guide sleeve (20), and the electrodes (23) are distributed on the top and bottom of the wire sleeve (21).

9. The in-situ river ecological restoration system based on scientific dredging according to claim 8 is characterized by: The hull (1) is externally connected to a switch group, which is connected to motor one (5), motor two (16), a solenoid valve (11) and an electrode (23) via electric wires, and the electrode (23) is connected to motor three (18) via electric wires.

10. A method for in-situ ecological restoration of a river based on scientific dredging, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: transport the hull to the river and set up a silt transport vehicle on the river bank; Step 2: connect the drainage pipe to the external pipe, and fix one end of the external pipe to the inner side of the sludge transport vehicle, then turn on the switch group on the hull, turn on the switch group, and start the motor 1, motor 2, and motor 3 to perform silt removal work; Step 3: Open the solenoid valve in the corresponding direction according to the moving direction of the hull.

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