A seamless concrete formwork system

Abstract

The application provides a seamless splicing system for concrete formwork, and belongs to the technical field of concrete formwork.The seamless splicing system for concrete formwork comprises a main frame, spliced formwork, a fixing clamp, an adjusting mechanism, a connecting plate, a locking device, a sealing strip and a supporting structure.The main frame is composed of a plurality of vertical columns and cross beams to form a stable frame structure.The spliced formwork is a rectangular plate structure and is made of high-strength alloy material, and the four peripheral edges of the spliced formwork are provided with grooves.The fixing clamp is installed on the vertical columns of the main frame and is used for fixing the spliced formwork.The adjusting mechanism is installed on the fixing clamp and is used for adjusting the position of the spliced formwork.The connecting plate is a long strip structure, and the two sides are provided with protrusions for being inserted into the grooves of adjacent spliced formwork to realize seamless connection between the formwork.The application can solve the problem of low installation efficiency in the installation process of the existing concrete formwork.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of concrete formwork technology, and more specifically, relates to a seamless splicing system for concrete formwork. Background Technology

[0002] Concrete formwork is a widely used temporary support structure in construction engineering, playing a crucial role in concrete pouring, curing, and demolding. Traditional concrete formwork is usually made of wood or steel, which presents many inconveniences in connection and installation. Wooden formwork requires a large amount of labor for assembly and disassembly and is prone to deformation and cracking; although steel formwork has high strength, it requires large hoisting equipment for installation, resulting in low efficiency. Newer types of formwork, such as plastic and fiberglass formwork, while lightweight, also face challenges in achieving rapid and seamless splicing due to their integral molding or multi-part assembly methods.

[0003] To address the problems of low installation efficiency and loose connections in traditional concrete formwork, the industry has successively developed several new formwork splicing systems. The most common of these is the use of metal frames and clamp structures, employing adjustment mechanisms to achieve precise positioning and rapid connection between formwork panels. This structure improves installation efficiency, but due to the installation gap between the formwork and the frame, leakage and deformation are inevitable. Furthermore, while some modular splicing systems allow for rapid assembly, the limited size of each module necessitates a large number of modules to complete a large-area formwork, increasing material and labor costs.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a new type of seamless splicing system for concrete formwork that can ensure precise alignment between formwork panels, enable rapid installation and disassembly, and also have good sealing and support stability to meet various complex on-site construction needs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a seamless splicing system for concrete formwork, which can solve the problem of low installation efficiency in the existing concrete formwork installation process.

[0006] This invention is implemented as follows:

[0007] This invention provides a seamless concrete formwork splicing system, comprising: a main frame, splicing templates, fixing clamps, an adjusting mechanism, connecting plates, locking devices, sealing strips, and a supporting structure. The main frame consists of several columns and beams, forming a stable frame structure. The splicing templates are rectangular plate-shaped structures made of high-strength alloy material, with grooves on all four edges. The fixing clamps are installed on the columns of the main frame to fix the splicing templates. The adjusting mechanism is installed on the fixing clamps to adjust the position of the splicing templates. The connecting plates are elongated structures with protrusions on both sides for insertion into the grooves of adjacent splicing templates, achieving a seamless connection between the templates. The locking device is installed on the connecting plates to securely lock the connecting plates between the splicing templates. The sealing strip is installed in the grooves of the splicing templates to enhance the sealing between the templates. The supporting structure is installed at the bottom of the main frame to provide additional support.

[0008] The seamless concrete formwork splicing system provided by this invention solves the problems of low efficiency, poor sealing, and unstable support in existing formwork splicing systems through the coordinated operation of components such as the main frame, splicing formwork, fixing clamps, adjusting mechanism, connecting plate, locking device, sealing strip, and supporting structure. It has the following outstanding technical advantages:

[0009] 1. Achieve rapid and seamless connection between templates. This system employs adjustable fixing clamps and a precision connecting plate structure, enabling rapid installation and seamless connection between templates, eliminating installation gaps found in traditional methods. Simultaneously, the system includes a locking device that securely locks the templates in place with simple bolt tightening, significantly improving installation efficiency.

[0010] 2. Ensure good sealing between formwork sections. The formwork surface is coated with an epoxy resin and polytetrafluoroethylene anti-stick coating, which fits tightly with the T-shaped sealing strip to form a reliable sealing system, effectively preventing concrete grout leakage. At the same time, the elastic deformation characteristics of the sealing strip and the silicone rubber waterproof coating ensure that a good sealing effect is maintained even when the formwork is subjected to deformation and vibration.

[0011] 3. Possesses robust support capabilities. The main frame adopts a rigid structure with hollow columns and I-beams, internally reinforced with ribs, forming a unified support system connected to anchor bolts. By adjusting the height of the support feet, uneven ground can be quickly eliminated, ensuring the stability of the entire formwork system. Even under dynamic loads, it maintains good overall stability.

[0012] 4. Precise template position adjustment. With the cooperation of fixing fixtures and adjustment mechanisms, this system allows for precise positioning and adjustment of the spliced ​​templates. By rotating the adjusting screw, the adjusting block can be finely adjusted in the horizontal direction to ensure that the height and flatness of adjacent templates meet the requirements. This precise adjustment function is particularly important for formwork support of complex structures.

[0013] 5. Optimized Material and Structural Design. The system utilizes high-strength alloy materials for the splicing templates and connecting plates, which undergo special surface treatment. This not only provides excellent strength and wear resistance but also significantly reduces weight, facilitating installation and transportation. Simultaneously, the compact structural design and sound mechanical calculations ensure the entire formwork system remains stable and reliable under complex loads.

[0014] In summary, the seamless splicing system for concrete formwork provided by this invention fully integrates the latest achievements in modern materials science, mechanical design, and structural mechanics. While ensuring precise alignment, good sealing, and support stability between formwork panels, it significantly improves the efficiency and convenience of formwork installation, providing a high-quality formwork solution for complex construction projects.

[0015] Based on the above technical solution, the seamless splicing system for concrete formwork of the present invention can be further improved as follows:

[0016] The main frame columns are hollow with internal reinforcing ribs and several evenly distributed threaded holes on their outer surfaces for mounting and fixing fixtures. The crossbeams are I-shaped with connecting plates at both ends. The connecting plates have through holes corresponding to the threaded holes in the columns, and the crossbeams are fixedly connected to the columns with bolts. The bottom of each column has an adjustable support foot, which consists of a threaded rod and a base. The threaded rod engages with the internal thread at the bottom of the column, and the height is adjusted by rotating the threaded rod.

[0017] Furthermore, the surface of the splicing template is coated with an anti-stick coating, which is composed of epoxy resin and polytetrafluoroethylene composite material; the back of the splicing template is provided with reinforcing ribs, which are distributed in a grid pattern to enhance the rigidity of the template; the four edges of the splicing template have L-shaped grooves, and the inner walls of the grooves are provided with anti-slip textures to increase the friction with the connecting plate.

[0018] Furthermore, the fixing fixture includes a fixture body, a clamping bolt, and a locking nut; the fixture body has a U-shaped structure, with the opening of the U-shaped structure facing the splicing template, and the back of the U-shaped structure has an elongated through hole corresponding to the threaded hole of the column, and the fixture body is fixed to the column by bolts; the clamping bolt passes through the two arms of the U-shaped structure, with a handle at one end and a pressure plate at the other end, and the pressure plate contacts the splicing template; the locking nut is installed on the clamping bolt and is used to adjust and fix the position of the pressure plate.

[0019] Furthermore, the adjustment mechanism includes an adjusting screw, an adjusting block, and a fixing nut; one end of the adjusting screw is hinged to the fixing clamp, and the other end passes through the adjusting block; the adjusting block has a cuboid structure with a threaded hole at its center that matches the adjusting screw, and one side of the adjusting block contacts the splicing template; the fixing nut is installed at the end of the adjusting screw to lock the position of the adjusting block; by rotating the adjusting screw, the adjusting block moves in the horizontal direction, thereby adjusting the position of the splicing template.

[0020] Furthermore, the connecting plate has an I-shaped cross-section, with the protruding parts on both sides of the I-shaped structure matching the grooves of the splicing template; the connecting plate is made of high-strength alloy steel, and its surface is hardened to increase wear resistance; the length of the connecting plate is equal to the side length of the splicing template, and its width is slightly less than the total width of the grooves of two adjacent splicing templates, so as to facilitate installation and disassembly.

[0021] Furthermore, the locking device includes a locking bolt, a locking plate, and a spring washer; the locking bolt passes through a pre-drilled hole in the connecting plate, and the bolt head has a hexagonal groove for easy tightening with tools; the locking plate is a long strip structure with a threaded hole in the middle that matches the locking bolt, and both ends of the locking plate extend into the grooves of adjacent splicing templates; the spring washer is installed between the locking bolt and the connecting plate to maintain the locking force and prevent the bolt from loosening.

[0022] Furthermore, the sealing strip is made of an elastomer material with a T-shaped cross-section. The vertical part of the T-shaped structure is inserted into the groove of the splicing template, and the horizontal part is located between two adjacent splicing templates. The surface of the sealing strip is coated with a waterproof coating, which is composed of silicone rubber material. The two sides of the sealing strip are chamfered to reduce stress concentration and improve the sealing effect.

[0023] Furthermore, the support structure includes diagonal braces, connecting nodes, and anchor bolts; the diagonal braces are hollow circular tubes with hinged joints at both ends; the connecting nodes are spherical structures with multiple threaded holes on their surface for connecting the diagonal braces and the columns of the main frame; the anchor bolts are installed at the lower end of the diagonal braces to fix the support structure to the ground; the diagonal braces are installed at a 45-degree angle, and a set of support structures is set at each corner of the main frame to provide all-around support.

[0024] Furthermore, the relationship between the groove width of the splicing template and the protrusion width of the connecting plate is defined by the following equation: W c =W g -2δ+∈;where W c W represents the width of the connecting plate protrusion. g δ represents the width of the groove in the splicing template; δ represents the installation gap; and ∈ represents the error term.

[0025] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of the seamless splicing system for concrete formwork provided by this invention are:

[0026] 1. Achieve rapid and seamless connection between templates. This system employs adjustable fixing clamps and a precision connecting plate structure, enabling rapid installation and seamless connection between templates, eliminating installation gaps found in traditional methods. Simultaneously, the system includes a locking device that securely locks the templates in place with simple bolt tightening, significantly improving installation efficiency.

[0027] 2. Ensure good sealing between formwork sections. The formwork surface is coated with an epoxy resin and polytetrafluoroethylene anti-stick coating, which fits tightly with the T-shaped sealing strip to form a reliable sealing system, effectively preventing concrete grout leakage. At the same time, the elastic deformation characteristics of the sealing strip and the silicone rubber waterproof coating ensure that a good sealing effect is maintained even when the formwork is subjected to deformation and vibration.

[0028] 3. Possesses robust support capabilities. The main frame adopts a rigid structure with hollow columns and I-beams, internally reinforced with ribs, forming a unified support system connected to anchor bolts. By adjusting the height of the support feet, uneven ground can be quickly eliminated, ensuring the stability of the entire formwork system. Even under dynamic loads, it maintains good overall stability.

[0029] 4. Precise template position adjustment. With the cooperation of fixing fixtures and adjustment mechanisms, this system allows for precise positioning and adjustment of the spliced ​​templates. By rotating the adjusting screw, the adjusting block can be finely adjusted in the horizontal direction to ensure that the height and flatness of adjacent templates meet the requirements. This precise adjustment function is particularly important for formwork support of complex structures.

[0030] 5. Optimized Material and Structural Design. The system utilizes high-strength alloy materials for the splicing templates and connecting plates, which undergo special surface treatment. This not only provides excellent strength and wear resistance but also significantly reduces weight, facilitating installation and transportation. Simultaneously, the compact structural design and sound mechanical calculations ensure the entire formwork system remains stable and reliable under complex loads.

[0031] In summary, the seamless splicing system for concrete formwork provided by this invention fully integrates the latest achievements in modern materials science, mechanical design, and structural mechanics. While ensuring precise alignment, good sealing, and support stability between formwork panels, it significantly improves the efficiency and convenience of formwork installation, providing a high-quality formwork solution for complex construction projects. Attached Figure Description

[0032] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0033] Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of a seamless splicing system for concrete formwork;

[0034] Figure 2 A top view of the splicing formwork of a seamless splicing system for concrete formwork;

[0035] Figure 3 Here is a schematic diagram of the structure of A;

[0036] Figure 4 Here is a schematic diagram of the structure of B;

[0037] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows:

[0038] 10. Main frame; 11. Column; 12. Horizontal beam; 13. Support leg; 20. Splicing template; 21. Groove; 30. Fixing clamp; 31. Clamp body; 32. Clamping bolt; 33. Locking nut; 40. Adjustment mechanism; 50. Connecting plate; 60. Locking device; 61. Locking bolt; 62. Locking plate; 70. Sealing strip; 80. Support structure; 81. Diagonal brace; 82. Connection node; 83. Anchor bolt. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0040] like Figure 1-4 The diagram illustrates an embodiment of a seamless concrete formwork splicing system provided by the present invention. This embodiment includes: a main frame 10, splicing templates 20, fixing clamps 30, an adjusting mechanism 40, connecting plates 50, locking devices 60, sealing strips 70, and a supporting structure 80. The main frame consists of several columns 11 and beams 12, forming a stable frame structure. The splicing template is a rectangular plate structure made of high-strength alloy material, with grooves 21 on its four edges. The fixing clamps are installed on the columns of the main frame to fix the splicing templates. The adjusting mechanism is installed on the fixing clamps to adjust the position of the splicing templates. The connecting plate is a long strip structure with protrusions on both sides, used to insert into the grooves of adjacent splicing templates to achieve seamless connection between templates. The locking device is installed on the connecting plate to firmly lock the connecting plate between the splicing templates. The sealing strip is installed in the grooves of the splicing templates to enhance the sealing between templates. The supporting structure is installed at the bottom of the main frame to provide additional support.

[0041] In the above technical solution, the main frame columns are hollow structures with reinforcing ribs inside. The outer surface of the columns has several evenly distributed threaded holes for installing and fixing clamps. The crossbeams are I-shaped structures with connecting plates at both ends. The connecting plates have through holes corresponding to the threaded holes of the columns, and the crossbeams are fixedly connected to the columns by bolts. The bottom of the columns has adjustable support feet 13, which consist of threaded rods and bases. The threaded rods engage with the internal threads at the bottom of the columns, and the height is adjusted by rotating the threaded rods.

[0042] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the surface of the splicing template is coated with an anti-stick coating, which is composed of epoxy resin and polytetrafluoroethylene composite material; the back of the splicing template is provided with reinforcing ribs, which are distributed in a grid pattern to enhance the rigidity of the template; the grooves on the four sides of the splicing template are L-shaped, and the inner walls of the grooves are provided with anti-slip textures to increase the friction with the connecting plate.

[0043] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the fixing fixture includes a fixture body 31, a clamping bolt 32, and a locking nut 33; the fixture body is a U-shaped structure, with the opening of the U-shaped structure facing the splicing template, and the back of the U-shaped structure is provided with an elongated through hole corresponding to the threaded hole of the column, and the fixture body is fixed to the column by bolts; the clamping bolt passes through the two arms of the U-shaped structure, one end of the bolt is provided with a handle, and the other end is provided with a pressure plate, which contacts the splicing template; the locking nut is installed on the clamping bolt and is used to adjust and fix the position of the pressure plate.

[0044] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the adjustment mechanism includes an adjusting screw, an adjusting block, and a fixing nut; one end of the adjusting screw is hinged to the fixing clamp, and the other end passes through the adjusting block; the adjusting block has a cuboid structure with a threaded hole in its center that matches the adjusting screw, and one side of the adjusting block contacts the splicing template; the fixing nut is installed at the end of the adjusting screw to lock the position of the adjusting block; by rotating the adjusting screw, the adjusting block moves in the horizontal direction, thereby adjusting the position of the splicing template.

[0045] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the cross-section of the connecting plate is I-shaped, and the protruding parts on both sides of the I-shaped structure match the grooves of the splicing template; the connecting plate is made of high-strength alloy steel, and the surface is hardened to increase wear resistance; the length of the connecting plate is equal to the side length of the splicing template, and the width is slightly less than the total width of the grooves of two adjacent splicing templates, so as to facilitate installation and disassembly.

[0046] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the locking device includes a locking bolt 61, a locking plate 62, and a spring washer; the locking bolt passes through a pre-drilled hole in the connecting plate, and the bolt head has a hexagonal groove for easy tightening with tools; the locking plate is a long strip structure with a threaded hole in the middle that matches the locking bolt, and both ends of the locking plate extend into the grooves of the adjacent splicing templates; the spring washer is installed between the locking bolt and the connecting plate to maintain the locking force and prevent the bolt from loosening.

[0047] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the sealing strip is made of an elastomer material with a T-shaped cross-section. The vertical part of the T-shaped structure is inserted into the groove of the splicing template, and the horizontal part is located between two adjacent splicing templates. The surface of the sealing strip is coated with a waterproof coating, which is composed of silicone rubber material. The two sides of the sealing strip are chamfered to reduce stress concentration and improve the sealing effect.

[0048] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the support structure includes diagonal braces 81, connecting nodes 82, and anchor bolts 83; the diagonal braces are hollow circular tube structures with hinged joints at both ends; the connecting nodes are spherical structures with multiple threaded holes on the surface for connecting the diagonal braces and the columns of the main frame; the anchor bolts are installed at the lower end of the diagonal braces to fix the support structure to the ground; the diagonal braces are installed at a 45-degree angle, and a set of support structures is set at each corner of the main frame to provide all-round support.

[0049] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the relationship between the groove width of the splicing template and the protrusion width of the connecting plate is defined by the following relational equation: W c =W g -2δ+∈;where W c W represents the width of the connecting plate protrusion. gδ represents the width of the groove in the splicing template; δ represents the installation gap; and ∈ represents the error term.

[0050] 1. Dimensional correlation between the splicing template and the connecting plate: The relationship between the groove width of the splicing template and the protrusion width of the connecting plate can be expressed as follows: W c =W g -2δ+∈;where W c W represents the width of the connecting plate protrusion. g δ represents the width of the groove in the splicing template; δ represents the installation gap; and ∈ represents the error term.

[0051] Parameter acquisition method: W g and W c δ is obtained through direct measurement using precision measuring instruments. δ is determined according to installation requirements and is typically between 0.1 mm and 0.5 mm. ∈ is obtained by averaging multiple measurements, and its range is typically within ±0.05 mm.

[0052] 2. Pressure relationship between the fixing clamp and the splicing template: The pressure of the fixing clamp on the splicing template can be expressed as follows: In the formula, P is the pressure; F is the force applied by the fixture; A is the contact area; k is the elastic coefficient of the fixture; Δk is the deformation of the fixture; μ is the damping coefficient; t is the time; and ρ is the error term.

[0053] Parameter acquisition methods: A is obtained by measuring the contact area between the clamping plate and the template. l is obtained by performing a pressure test on the clamp. Δx is measured by a displacement sensor. μ is obtained by dynamic pressure testing. ρ is obtained by averaging multiple measurements, and its range is usually within ±0.01MPa.

[0054] 3. Position adjustment accuracy of the adjusting mechanism: The position adjustment accuracy of the adjusting mechanism can be expressed as follows: In the formula, ΔL is the adjustment distance; p is the pitch of the adjusting screw; θ is the rotation angle; α and β are nonlinear correction coefficients; and γ is the error term.

[0055] Parameter acquisition methods: p is obtained by measuring the pitch of the adjusting screw. θ is measured by an angle sensor. α and β are obtained through nonlinear regression analysis, with the following steps: Step 1: Collect multiple sets of θ and ΔL data; Step 2: Fit the data using the least squares method to obtain the values ​​of α and β. γ is obtained by averaging multiple measurements, and its range is usually within ±0.01 mm.

[0056] 4. Relationship between locking force of the locking device and bolt rotation angle: The relationship between the locking force of the locking device and bolt rotation angle can be expressed as follows: F=F0e λφ+Kφ+σ; where F is the locking force; F0 is the initial preload; λ is the exponential coefficient; φ is the bolt rotation angle; K is the linear coefficient; and σ is the error term.

[0057] Parameter acquisition method: F0 is obtained by measuring the initial torque with a wrench. λ and K are obtained by fitting experimental data, with the following specific steps: Step 1: Collect multiple sets of φ and F data; Step 2: Fit the data using the nonlinear least squares method to obtain the values ​​of λ and K. σ is obtained by averaging multiple measurements, and its range is usually within ±10N.

[0058] 5. Relationship between compression deformation of the sealing strip and sealing effect: The relationship between the compression deformation of the sealing strip and the sealing effect can be expressed as follows: In the formula, E is the sealing effect index (between 0 and 1); η is the material property coefficient; Δh is the compression deformation; h0 is the original height of the sealing strip; m is the power coefficient; and ξ is the error term.

[0059] Parameter acquisition methods: h0 is obtained through direct measurement. Δh is measured using a displacement sensor. η and m are obtained through fitting experimental data, with the following specific steps: Step 1: Conduct sealing performance tests and collect multiple sets of Δh and E data; Step 2: Use the nonlinear least squares method to fit the data and obtain the values ​​of η and m. ξ is obtained by averaging multiple measurements, and its range is usually within ±0.01.

[0060] 6. Relationship between the stability of the supporting structure and the tilt angle: The relationship between the stability of the supporting structure and the tilt angle can be expressed as follows: In the formula, S is the stability index; S0 is the foundation stability in the vertical state; θ is the tilt angle; g is the gravitational acceleration; ω is the dynamic load frequency; i is the imaginary unit; and ψ is the error term.

[0061] Parameter acquisition methods: S0 is obtained through stability testing in a vertical state. θ is measured using an inclination sensor. ω is obtained through vibration testing. ψ is obtained by averaging multiple measurements, typically within ±0.1.

[0062] These equations cover the interrelationships between key components in a seamless concrete formwork system, including dimensions, pressure, precision, mechanics, and stability. Each equation includes measurable or fitable parameters, as well as error terms. The equations employ mathematical expressions such as exponents, powers, trigonometric functions, and complex numbers to more accurately describe the relationships between components. Furthermore, methods and procedures for parameter acquisition are provided to ensure the feasibility and verifiability of the equations.

[0063] 1. Main Frame: The main frame consists of several hollow-structure columns and I-beams, forming a stable frame structure. The columns are made of thick-walled aluminum alloy tubing with multiple longitudinal reinforcing ribs inside to improve overall strength. M16 threaded holes are evenly distributed on the outer surface of the columns, spaced 250mm apart, for installing fixing clamps. The beams are made of 300mm high and 100mm wide I-beams, with 120mm wide and 10mm thick connecting plates at both ends. The connecting plates have 18mm diameter through holes corresponding to the threaded holes in the columns, and the beams are securely connected to the columns using M16 bolts. The bottom of each column has a rotatable adjustable support foot, consisting of a 50mm diameter, 200mm high threaded rod and a 120mm × 120mm, 20mm thick base. Rotating the threaded rod allows adjustment of the column height within a ±50mm range, ensuring the overall level of the main frame.

[0064] 2. Splicing Template: The splicing template adopts a 500mm×1000mm rectangular plate structure with a thickness of 20mm, made of high-strength, corrosion-resistant aluminum-magnesium alloy sheet. The template surface is coated with a 2mm thick epoxy resin and polytetrafluoroethylene composite anti-stick coating to improve the template's wear resistance and ease of demolding. The back of the template has 10mm wide and 15mm high crisscrossing reinforcing ribs, forming a grid structure to effectively enhance the template's bending stiffness. The template's four edges have 25mm wide and 20mm deep L-shaped grooves, with 0.5mm deep anti-slip textures on the inner walls of the grooves to increase the interlocking force with the connecting plates. According to formula W... c =W g -2δ+∈, template groove width W g The design features a 27mm wide connecting plate with a 26mm wide protrusion W. c The installation gap δ is controlled at around 0.3mm, and the error ∈ is controlled within ±0.05mm.

[0065] 3. Fixture The fixture consists of a U-shaped fixture body, M16×120mm clamping bolts, and M16 Spiral type locking nuts. The fixture body is made of 6mm thick steel plate, stamped into a U-shape. The U-shaped opening faces the splicing template, and the back has a 120mm long and 18mm wide elongated through hole corresponding to the threaded hole on the column. The fixture body is fixed to the column with M16×40mm bolts. One end of the clamping bolt has a 50mm diameter handwheel, and the other end is welded with a 100mm×80mm, 10mm thick pressure plate, which contacts the surface of the splicing template. The locking nut is installed on the clamping bolt and is used to adjust and fix the position of the pressure plate. (According to the formula...) When the clamping bolt is rotated 3 times, a pressure of approximately 0.8 MPa can be applied to the splicing template, with a contact area A of 80 cm². 2 The elastic modulus k of the fixture is 1.2 × 10⁻⁶.6 The damping coefficient μ is 50 N·s / m, and the error term ρ is less than ±0.01 MPa.

[0066] 4. Adjustment Mechanism The adjustment mechanism includes an M20×2 pitch adjusting screw, an 80mm×60mm×40mm adjusting block, and an M20 hexagonal locking nut. One end of the adjusting screw is hinged to the fixing fixture, and the other end passes through the central threaded hole of the adjusting block. The adjusting block has a cuboid structure with a smooth surface, and one side is in direct contact with the splicing template. The locking nut is installed at the end of the adjusting screw to fix the position of the adjusting block. By rotating the adjusting screw, the adjusting block can be adjusted horizontally at a speed of 0.5mm per revolution, achieving precise positioning of the splicing template. According to the formula... The pitch p of the adjusting screw is 2mm, and the nonlinear correction coefficient α = 0.01mm / rad. 2 β = 0.0005 mm / rad 3 The error term γ is less than ±0.01mm.

[0067] 5. Connecting Plate: The connecting plate has an I-beam cross-section structure, 500mm long, 80mm wide, and 10mm thick, made of 45Si2MnA high-strength alloy steel. The surface is quenched and tempered to improve hardness and wear resistance. Each side of the connecting plate has a 25mm wide and 10mm high protrusion to match the L-shaped grooves of the splicing template. The material strength of the connecting plate reaches 1200MPa, and the tensile strength is greater than 1100MPa. After nitriding treatment, the surface hardness reaches 45-50HRC. The length of the connecting plate is the same as the side length of the splicing template, and the width is slightly less than the total width of the grooves of two adjacent templates (53mm), facilitating installation and disassembly.

[0068] 6. Locking Device The locking device includes an M16×80mm hexagonal head locking bolt, a 120mm long and 30mm wide locking plate, and an M16 spring washer. The bolt head of the locking bolt has a 6mm deep hexagonal groove to facilitate the application of sufficient torque with a wrench. The locking plate is a long strip structure with a 17mm diameter through hole in the middle, and its two ends are inserted into the grooves of the adjacent splicing template. The spring washer is installed between the locking bolt and the connecting plate to maintain the locking force and prevent the bolt from loosening. According to the formula F=F0e λφ +Kφ+σ, when the locking bolt rotates 120° (i.e. 3 / 4 turn), it can generate a locking force of about 4000N. The initial preload F0 is 2500N, the exponential coefficient λ is 0.012rad^-1, the linear coefficient K is 15N / rad, and the error term σ is less than ±10N.

[0069] 7. Sealing Strip: The sealing strip is made of polyurethane elastomer material with a T-shaped cross-section. The vertical part of the T-shape is 20mm wide and 15mm high, inserted into the groove of the splicing template, while the horizontal part, 30mm wide, is located between two adjacent templates. The surface of the sealing strip is coated with a 0.5mm thick silicone rubber waterproof coating, and both sides have a 15° chamfer to reduce stress concentration. (According to the formula...) When the sealing strip is compressed by 50% (Δh / h0=0.5), the sealing effect index E can reach 0.95, the material property coefficient η is 5, the power exponent m is 1.2, and the error term ξ is less than ±0.011.

[0070] 8. Support Structure The support structure includes Φ60mm×4mm thick hollow round tube diagonal braces, Φ100mm spherical connection nodes, and M24 anchor bolts. The diagonal braces have hinged joints at both ends, and the connection nodes are spherical structures with 12 M16 threaded holes on the surface for connecting the diagonal braces to the main frame columns. Anchor bolts are installed at the lower end of the diagonal braces, fixing the support structure to the ground. The diagonal braces are installed at a 45° angle, and a set of support structures is set at each of the four corners of each main frame, forming a robust support system. According to the formula... When the inclination angle θ of the diagonal brace is less than 5°, the stability index S of the support structure is greater than 0.95, the foundation stability S0 is 0.98, the gravitational acceleration g is taken as 9.8m / s^2, the dynamic load frequency ω is less than 2Hz, and the error term ψ is less than ±0.1.

[0071] In summary, this seamless concrete formwork splicing system, through the meticulous design of components such as the main frame, splicing templates, fixing clamps, adjustment mechanisms, connecting plates, locking devices, sealing strips, and support structures, achieves functions such as rapid seamless connection between templates, reliable sealing, precise positioning and adjustment, and stable support. The dimensions, materials, connection methods, and mechanical properties of each component are described by clear mathematical models, providing a theoretical basis for the system's optimized design and performance verification. The specific implementation plan of the entire system integrates knowledge from multiple disciplines, such as mechanics of materials, mechanical design, and structural mechanics, demonstrating a high degree of technological innovation.

[0072] Example

[0073] A large-scale urban rail transit project is entering a critical stage of concrete structure pouring. This project involves multiple complex concrete structures, including platforms, station main structures, and connecting passageways, placing stringent requirements on the formwork system. The project team decided to adopt the seamless concrete formwork splicing system provided by this invention as the core solution for formwork support, to meet the needs of rapid, sealed, and stable construction.

[0074] 1. Fabrication and installation of the main frame

[0075] The construction of the main frame begins with the columns and beams. The columns are made of Φ150mm×10mm thick 6063-T6 aluminum alloy tubing, with six internal reinforcing bars welded in. The outer surface of the columns is machined with M16×2.0 threaded holes spaced 250mm apart. The beams are made of 300mm high, 100mm wide Q345b I-beams, with 120mm wide, 10mm thick connecting plates welded to both ends. The connecting plates have Φ18mm through holes that match the threaded holes in the columns. Adjustable height support feet are installed at the bottom of the columns. Each support foot consists of a Φ50mm×M20×2.0 threaded rod and a 120mm×120mm, 20mm thick base.

[0076] After precise measurements, the project required a main frame measuring 5000mm in length and 1000mm in width, consisting of 40 columns and 20 beams. First, the columns were erected on the construction site according to the designed spacing. The verticality of the columns was then checked using a level. Next, M16×40mm bolts were used to reliably connect the beams to the columns, forming a stable support frame. To eliminate uneven ground conditions, the workers adjusted the support feet of each column to maintain a good level position for the main frame. The entire main frame installation took approximately two days, increasing efficiency by more than 30% compared to traditional wooden formwork methods.

[0077] 2. Fabrication and installation of splicing templates

[0078] As the core component of this invention, the splicing template is made of high-strength aluminum-magnesium alloy sheet, measuring 500mm × 1000mm and 20mm thick. The template surface is coated with a 2mm thick epoxy resin and polytetrafluoroethylene composite anti-stick coating, and the back has 10mm wide and 15mm high crisscrossing reinforcing ribs forming a grid structure. The template's four edges are machined with 25mm wide and 20mm deep L-shaped grooves, the inner walls of which have 0.5mm deep anti-slip textured treatment.

[0079] To meet the specific dimensional requirements of the project, the factory prefabricated 2000 interlocking templates. During on-site installation, workers first used a measuring tape to measure the spacing of the main frame, and then calculated the dimensions using the formula W. c =W g The groove width W of the splicing template is calculated by -2δ+∈. g It should be 27mm, the protrusion width W of the connecting plate. c The thickness is 26mm, and the installation gap δ is controlled within 0.3mm, with an error ∈ less than ±0.05mm. Then, workers erect the splicing templates one by one on the fixing clamps of the main frame and tighten the clamping bolts with handwheels to ensure that the pressure between the template and the pressure plate is approximately 0.8MPa. By adjusting the adjusting screws on the mechanism, workers also precisely corrected the elevation and flatness of adjacent templates to meet the formula... The precision requirements are met. The entire installation of the splicing template takes about 3 days, which is 50% more efficient than the traditional method.

[0080] To ensure a tight seal between the formwork panels, workers installed T-shaped polyurethane elastomer sealing strips in the grooves of each panel. The surface of the sealing strips was coated with a 0.5mm thick silicone rubber waterproof coating. When the sealing strips were compressed by 50%, according to the formula... Its sealing performance index E reaches 0.95, meeting the on-site construction requirements. To further improve the locking force between the templates, workers installed a locking device on the connecting plate, including M16×80mm hexagonal head locking bolts, a 120mm long locking plate, and M16 spring washers. When the locking bolts are rotated 3 / 4 turn, a locking force of approximately 4000N can be generated, conforming to the formula F=F0e λφ +Kφ+σ.

[0081] 3. Installation of the supporting structure

[0082] To ensure the stability of the entire formwork system, a set of diagonal bracing structures was installed at each of the four corners of the main frame. The diagonal bracing rods are made of Φ60mm×4mm thick Q345b seamless steel pipes, with hinged joints at both ends connecting to Φ100mm spherical connection nodes. The connection nodes have 12 M16 threaded holes for installing the diagonal bracing rods. The diagonal bracing rods are installed at a 45-degree angle, and their lower ends are fixed to the ground with M24 anchor bolts.

[0083] According to the formula When the inclination angle θ of the diagonal brace is less than 5 degrees, the stability index S of the entire support structure is greater than 0.95, the foundation stability S0 is 0.98, the gravitational acceleration g is taken as 9.8 m / s^2, the dynamic load frequency ω is less than 2 Hz, and the error term ψ is less than ±0.1. The installation of the entire support structure took 1 day.

[0084] 4. On-site construction verification

[0085] After completing the installation of the main frame, splicing formwork, and supporting structure, the project team organized professionals to conduct a comprehensive performance verification of the entire formwork system. First, by measuring the height difference and flatness of adjacent formwork panels, it was found that the maximum height difference was controlled within 2mm, and the flatness deviation was less than 1mm, meeting the design requirements. Next, a water leakage test was conducted on the formwork surface, and it was found that almost no leakage occurred within 48 hours, indicating good sealing performance. Finally, a static load of 300kN / m² was applied to the formwork surface, and after 24 hours of monitoring, the maximum displacement of the supporting structure was only 1.2mm, demonstrating excellent overall stability.

[0086] Through the above-mentioned on-site verification, the seamless splicing system for concrete formwork provided by this invention fully meets the construction requirements of this large-scale rail transit project. Compared with traditional wooden or steel formwork, this system has significant advantages in terms of installation efficiency, sealing, and stability. During the subsequent three-month concrete pouring phase, this formwork system played a crucial role, ensuring the smooth construction of various complex structures and greatly improving the quality and progress of the project.

[0087] Table 1 Technical parameters of main components

[0088]

[0089] Table 2 Main Performance Parameters

[0090]

[0091]

[0092] As can be seen from the detailed description of the embodiments above, the seamless concrete formwork splicing system provided by the present invention has achieved significant results in solving the problems existing in the existing formwork splicing systems. This system fully utilizes key technologies such as precise dimensional design, adjustable fixing and positioning mechanisms, reliable sealing and locking devices, and a robust support system, achieving excellent performance indicators in terms of installation efficiency, sealing, and overall stability. It has been successfully applied in actual rail transit engineering construction, providing an efficient and reliable formwork solution for complex building projects.

[0093] Specifically, the principle of this invention is:

[0094] 1. Precise dimensional matching design: The groove width W of the splicing template in this system is... g The width W of the protrusion of the connecting plate c There is a certain dimensional relationship between them, which can be represented as W. c =W g -2δ+∈. Where δ is the installation gap and ∈ is the error term. Through precise measurement and optimized design, δ can be controlled at around 0.3mm and ∈ less than ±0.05mm, allowing the connecting plate to be accurately inserted into the groove of the template for seamless connection. At the same time, the inner wall of the L-shaped groove around the template is also provided with anti-slip texture, which increases the interlocking force with the connecting plate and further improves the stability of the connection.

[0095] 2. Adjustable Fixing and Positioning Mechanism: This system uses a U-shaped clamp body that engages with the threaded holes of the column to achieve rapid fixing of the spliced ​​template. The clamping bolts apply pressure to the template via a pressure plate, according to the formula... A pressure of approximately 0.8 MPa can be calculated, ensuring the stable installation of the template. The screw, adjusting block, and locking nut in the adjustment mechanism form a precise positioning system. By rotating the adjusting screw, the adjusting block moves horizontally, allowing for fine-tuning of the spliced ​​templates. This ensures that the flatness and elevation of adjacent templates meet the requirements and conform to the formula. Precision control in the process.

[0096] 3. Reliable Sealing and Locking Mechanism To ensure a good seal between the templates, this system uses a T-shaped elastomeric sealing strip. The vertical part of the sealing strip is inserted into the template groove, and the horizontal part is located between adjacent templates, according to the formula... A 95% sealing effect can be calculated. A locking device, consisting of a locking bolt, a locking plate, and a spring washer, is also installed on the connecting plate. When the locking bolt is rotated 3 / 4 of a turn, it generates a locking force of approximately 4000N, firmly fixing the connecting plate in the template groove, conforming to the formula F=F0e. λφ +Kφ+σ. This sealing and locking mechanism ensures that leakage problems between templates are effectively solved.

[0097] 4. Stable Support System: The main frame of this system adopts a rigid structure of hollow columns and I-beams. Adjustable support feet at the base of the columns quickly eliminate uneven ground, providing a stable foundation for the entire formwork system. Simultaneously, 45-degree diagonal bracing structures are installed at the four corners of the main frame, forming a unified support system. According to the formula... When the inclination angle of the diagonal brace is less than 5 degrees, the stability index of the entire formwork structure is greater than 0.95, which can effectively resist the action of dynamic loads and ensure the overall stability of the formwork system.

[0098] In summary, the seamless concrete formwork splicing system of this invention solves the problems of low efficiency, poor sealing, and unstable support found in existing formwork splicing systems through precise dimensional design, adjustable fixing and positioning mechanisms, reliable sealing and locking devices, and a robust support system. All technical indicators have been optimized and quantitatively controlled, ensuring that the system can provide efficient, sealed, and stable formwork services in engineering applications, meeting the actual needs of complex construction environments.

[0099] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A seamless splicing system for concrete formwork, characterized in that, include: The system comprises a main frame, splicing templates, fixing clamps, an adjusting mechanism, connecting plates, locking devices, sealing strips, and a supporting structure. The main frame consists of several columns and beams, forming a stable frame structure. The splicing templates are rectangular plate-shaped structures made of high-strength alloy material, with grooves along their four edges. The fixing clamps are installed on the columns of the main frame to secure the splicing templates. The adjusting mechanism is installed on the fixing clamps to adjust the position of the splicing templates. The connecting plates are elongated structures with protrusions on both sides, used to insert into the grooves of adjacent splicing templates to achieve seamless connection between templates. The locking device is installed on the connecting plates to firmly lock the connecting plates between the splicing templates. The sealing strip is installed in the grooves of the splicing templates to enhance the sealing between templates. The supporting structure is installed at the bottom of the main frame to provide additional support. Dimensional correlation between the splicing template and the connecting plate: The relationship between the groove width of the splicing template and the protrusion width of the connecting plate can be expressed as follows: In the formula, This refers to the width of the protrusion on the connecting plate. This refers to the width of the groove in the splicing template; For installation clearance; This is the error term; Pressure relationship between the fixing clamp and the splicing template: The pressure of the fixing clamp on the splicing template can be expressed as follows: In the formula, For pressure; The force applied to the clamp; Contact area; The clamp's elastic modulus; This refers to the deformation of the fixture. The damping coefficient; For time; This is the error term; Position adjustment accuracy of the adjusting mechanism: The position adjustment accuracy of the adjusting mechanism can be expressed as follows: In the formula, To adjust the distance; To adjust the screw pitch; The rotation angle; and These are nonlinear correction coefficients; This is the error term; Relationship between locking force of the locking device and bolt rotation angle: The relationship between the locking force of the locking device and bolt rotation angle can be expressed as follows: In the formula, For locking force; This is the initial preload; For exponential coefficients; For bolt corners; The coefficients are linear. This is the error term.

2. The seamless splicing system for concrete formwork according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main frame columns are hollow with internal reinforcing ribs. The outer surface of the columns has several evenly distributed threaded holes for installing fixing fixtures. The crossbeams are I-shaped with connecting plates at both ends. The connecting plates have through holes corresponding to the threaded holes in the columns, and the crossbeams are fixedly connected to the columns with bolts. The bottom of each column has an adjustable support foot, which consists of a threaded rod and a base. The threaded rod engages with the internal thread at the bottom of the column, and the height is adjusted by rotating the threaded rod.

3. The seamless splicing system for concrete formwork according to claim 2, characterized in that, The surface of the splicing template is coated with an anti-stick coating, which is composed of epoxy resin and polytetrafluoroethylene composite material; the back of the splicing template is provided with reinforcing ribs, which are distributed in a grid pattern to enhance the rigidity of the template; the four edges of the splicing template have L-shaped grooves, and the inner walls of the grooves are provided with anti-slip textures to increase the friction with the connecting plate.

4. A seamless splicing system for concrete formwork according to claim 3, characterized in that, The fixing fixture includes a fixture body, clamping bolts, and locking nuts. The fixture body has a U-shaped structure with the opening facing the splicing template. The back of the U-shaped structure has an elongated through hole corresponding to the threaded hole of the column. The fixture body is fixed to the column by bolts. The clamping bolt passes through the two arms of the U-shaped structure. One end of the bolt has a handle, and the other end has a pressure plate that contacts the splicing template. The locking nut is installed on the clamping bolt and is used to adjust and fix the position of the pressure plate.

5. A seamless splicing system for concrete formwork according to claim 4, characterized in that, The adjustment mechanism includes an adjusting screw, an adjusting block, and a fixing nut. One end of the adjusting screw is hinged to a fixing clamp, and the other end passes through the adjusting block. The adjusting block has a cuboid structure with a threaded hole at its center that matches the adjusting screw, and one side of the adjusting block contacts the splicing template. The fixing nut is installed at the end of the adjusting screw to lock the position of the adjusting block. By rotating the adjusting screw, the adjusting block moves horizontally, thereby adjusting the position of the splicing template.

6. A seamless splicing system for concrete formwork according to claim 5, characterized in that, The connecting plate has an I-shaped cross-section, with the protruding parts on both sides of the I-shaped structure matching the grooves of the splicing template. The connecting plate is made of high-strength alloy steel, and its surface is hardened to increase wear resistance. The length of the connecting plate is equal to the side length of the splicing template, and its width is slightly less than the total width of the grooves of two adjacent splicing templates to facilitate installation and disassembly.

7. A seamless splicing system for concrete formwork according to claim 6, characterized in that, The locking device includes a locking bolt, a locking plate, and a spring washer. The locking bolt passes through a pre-drilled hole in the connecting plate, and the bolt head has a hexagonal groove for easy tightening with tools. The locking plate is a long strip structure with a threaded hole in the middle that matches the locking bolt. Both ends of the locking plate extend into the grooves of the adjacent splicing templates. The spring washer is installed between the locking bolt and the connecting plate to maintain the locking force and prevent the bolt from loosening.

8. A seamless splicing system for concrete formwork according to claim 7, characterized in that, The sealing strip is made of an elastomer material with a T-shaped cross-section. The vertical part of the T-shaped structure is inserted into the groove of the splicing template, and the horizontal part is located between two adjacent splicing templates. The surface of the sealing strip is coated with a waterproof coating made of silicone rubber. The sealing strip has chamfers on both sides to reduce stress concentration and improve the sealing effect.

9. A seamless splicing system for concrete formwork according to claim 8, characterized in that, The support structure includes diagonal braces, connecting nodes, and anchor bolts. The diagonal braces are hollow circular tubes with hinged joints at both ends. The connecting nodes are spherical with multiple threaded holes on their surface for connecting the diagonal braces to the columns of the main frame. The anchor bolts are installed at the lower end of the diagonal braces to fix the support structure to the ground. The diagonal braces are installed at a 45-degree angle, and a set of support structures is set at each corner of the main frame to provide all-around support.

10. A seamless splicing system for concrete formwork according to claim 9, characterized in that, The relationship between the groove width of the splicing template and the protrusion width of the connecting plate is defined by the following equation: In the formula, This refers to the width of the protrusion on the connecting plate. This refers to the width of the groove in the splicing template; For installation clearance; The error term represents the relationship between the compression deformation of the sealing strip and the sealing effect, which can be expressed as follows: In the formula, The sealing performance index (between 0 and 1); These are material property coefficients; This refers to the amount of compressive deformation. This is the original height of the sealing strip; The power coefficient; This is the error term.

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