A tunnel boring machine and a thrusting cutter head thereof

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of tunnel boring machines, and discloses a tunnel boring machine and a propelling cutter head thereof. According to the stress region distribution characteristics of a boring cutter head, a push block type cutter head detection structure is adopted, a cutter head detection sensor performs contact detection on a circumferential stress part of the push block and the boring cutter head, the integrity of a cutting edge part of the boring cutter head can be monitored in real time, the health state of the boring cutter head can be monitored in real time through detection, when large block dense rock strata are bored, the water jet effect provided by high-pressure nozzles can reduce the structural strength of the rock strata through opening, and the boring cutter head can be used to efficiently crush and bore the dense rock strata, a pressure distribution type communication structure is adopted, a pressure distribution communication block is used to push the high-pressure nozzles to automatically switch between low-pressure and high-pressure modes, an auxiliary limiting flap is arranged at the end of the second hydraulic push rod, the auxiliary limiting flap can provide auxiliary limiting reinforcement for the equipment at the switching joint, and the occurrence of equipment sliding accidents can be effectively avoided.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of tunnel boring machines, in particular to a tunnel boring machine and a propulsion cutter head thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of the national economy, the process of urbanization is accelerating, which leads to the need for a large number of tunnel boring machines for domestic urban subway tunnels, water tunnels, cross-river tunnels, railway tunnels, highway tunnels, and municipal pipeline tunnels. The tunnel boring machine is a major technical equipment for tunnel construction, which integrates machine, electricity, liquid, light, and computer technology. The tunnel boring machine integrates drilling, tunneling, and supporting in one, uses electronic, information, telemetry, and remote control technologies to guide and monitor all operations, and can ensure the accuracy of tunneling construction. The tunnel boring machine uses rotary cutters to excavate, break the surrounding rock in the hole, and form the entire tunnel section. It is a new and advanced tunnel construction machine.

[0003] The propulsion cutter head is the main tunneling component of the tunnel boring machine. It completes the rock breaking construction through the uniform distribution of alloy cutting heads on the upper part. The state of the alloy cutting head as a rock breaking structure has a key impact on the main work of the equipment. Since the cutting head is in hard contact with the rock wall, the alloy cutting head is easily damaged during high-hardness rock tunneling. Cutting head damage not only affects tunneling operations but also easily causes equipment damage due to cutting head breakage. The existing cutter head of the tunnel boring machine has a pressure detection sensor on the upper part, but it cannot effectively detect the state of the cutting head. In addition, during large block dense rock tunneling, due to the high strength of the rock structure, the cutting head breakage effect is not good and easily causes excessive wear of the cutting head, resulting in poor construction effect. Therefore, a tunnel boring machine and a propulsion cutter head thereof are proposed. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims to provide a tunnel boring machine and a propulsion cutter head thereof to solve the problems raised in the background.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical solution: a tunnel boring machine and a propulsion cutter head thereof, comprising a tunneling driving part, a propulsion support part, and a cutter head mechanism. The tunneling driving part is installed at the front of the propulsion support part for tunneling and pushing of the cutter head mechanism. The middle part of the tunneling driving part and the propulsion support part is respectively provided with a first limiting edge seat and a second limiting edge seat. The middle part of the tunneling driving part and the propulsion support part is respectively provided with a gravel conveying seat and a discharge conveying belt.

[0006] The rear part of the tunneling driving part is provided with a second hydraulic push rod for installation with the advancing support part, the advancing support part is installed at the rear part of the tunneling driving part through the second hydraulic push rod, the side of the second hydraulic push rod is reversely installed with an auxiliary limiting flap, the front part of the tunneling driving part is provided with a driving pedestal and a first hydraulic push rod for installation with the cutter head mechanism.

[0007] The cutter head mechanism is used for cutting and tunneling of the tunnel, the cutter head mechanism comprises a tunneling cutter head, a tunneling cutter head, a cutter head detection sensor, a detection mounting seat and a water cutter assembly, the tunneling cutter head is rotatably installed at the front part of the driving pedestal under the pushing of the first hydraulic push rod, the tunneling cutter head is rotatably installed at the upper part of the tunneling cutter head, the cutter head detection sensor is installed at the rear part of the tunneling cutter head through the detection mounting seat, the detection end of the cutter head detection sensor is installed with a detection push block in contact with the peripheral side of the tunneling cutter head, the water cutter assembly comprises a first spraying seat, a second spraying seat and a rotary connector, the first spraying seat and the second spraying seat are communicatively installed at the upper part of the tunneling cutter head through the rotary connector, the upper part of the first spraying seat and the second spraying seat is provided with a high-pressure nozzle, and the water supply communication side of the first spraying seat and the second spraying seat is provided with a pressure dividing communication block.

[0008] As preferred, the lower part of the tunneling driving part and the advancing support part is provided with a support rail wheel, the second hydraulic push rod is arranged in pairs, and two groups of the second hydraulic push rod are respectively installed at the two sides of the butt joint of the tunneling driving part and the advancing support part through the hinge seat.

[0009] As preferred, the first hydraulic push rod is used for working advancement and steering driving of the tunneling cutter head, the first hydraulic push rod is provided with a plurality of first hydraulic push rods, and the first hydraulic push rods are symmetrically installed at the butt joint side of the tunneling driving part and the driving pedestal, and the driving pedestal is movably installed at the front part of the tunneling driving part under the driving of the first hydraulic push rod.

[0010] As preferred, the inside of the driving pedestal is provided with a hydraulic drive structure, the tunneling cutter head is rotatably installed at the front part of the driving pedestal under the driving of the hydraulic drive structure, the tunneling cutter head is provided with a plurality of tunneling cutter heads, the upper part of the tunneling cutter head is provided with a cutter head mounting seat, and the tunneling cutter heads are freely rotatably installed at the upper part of the tunneling cutter head in a ring interlaced manner through the cutter head mounting seat, and the peripheral side of the tunneling cutter head is provided with a stone collection port.

[0011] As preferred, the detection mounting base is fixedly mounted at the rear of the cutter head mounting base, the detection mounting base is embeddedly mounted with the rear of the tunneling cutter head through the slot provided at the front, the cutter detection sensor is fixedly embeddedly mounted at the middle of the detection mounting base, the detection push block is fixedly mounted at the detection push rod end of the cutter detection sensor, the detection push block is movably mounted with the detection mounting base through the slot guide, and the front side of the detection push block movably contacts with the outer circumferential side of the tunneling cutter head.

[0012] As preferred, the rotating connector is fixedly mounted at the inside of the driving base through the bracket, the first and second spray seats are fixedly mounted at the two sides of the middle of the tunneling cutter head through bolts, and the rotating communication part of the rotating connector is communicatively mounted with the liquid inlet interfaces at the rear of the first and second spray seats through pipelines.

[0013] As preferred, the high-pressure nozzles are uniformly provided at the front of the first and second spray seats, the high-pressure nozzles penetrate the tunneling cutter head, the middle of the high-pressure nozzles is provided with a spray hole, the outer circumferential side of the high-pressure nozzles is circumferentially and obliquely uniformly provided with spray holes, the pressure distribution communication block is movably embeddedly mounted at the inside of the liquid inlet interface, the end side of the pressure distribution communication block abuttingly mounts a limiting spring, the middle of the pressure distribution communication block is provided with a communication hole, and the pressure distribution communication block is in communication with the passages corresponding to the spray holes and the spray hole under the low-pressure and high-pressure states of the water liquid, respectively.

[0014] As preferred, the first and second limiting edge seats are both provided in pairs, two groups of the first limiting edge seats are movably and telescopically mounted at the two sides of the middle of the tunneling driving part, and two groups of the second limiting edge seats are movably and telescopically mounted at the two sides of the middle of the advancing support part, and the edge sides of the first and second limiting edge seats are both mounted with edge seat driving cylinders.

[0015] As preferred, the inner edge side of the guide and push support is fixedly mounted with a flap driving arm, the auxiliary limiting flap is hingedly mounted at the rear of the tunneling driving part through the flap driving arm, the guide and push support is fixedly mounted at the end edge side of the second hydraulic push rod, the upper part of the flap driving arm is rotatably mounted with a guide wheel, and the guide wheel contacts and supports the guide and push support when being unfolded and supported.

[0016] As preferred, the hinged side end of the flap driving arm is provided with a reset push block, the inner edge side of the reset push block abuttingly mounts a pushing spring, and the edge side of the tunneling driving part is provided with a limiting column for limiting the turning of the flap driving arm.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the above technical scheme has the following technical effects:

[0018] 1、According to the stress region distribution characteristics of the tunneling cutter head, the push block type cutter head detection structure is adopted, the cutter head detection sensor is installed at the rear of the tunneling cutter head through the detection mounting seat, the cutter head detection sensor is in contact with the circumferential stress part of the tunneling cutter head through the detection push block, the integrity of the circumferential blade part of the tunneling cutter head can be monitored in real time, the structure is simple and reliable, the health status of the tunneling cutter head can be monitored in real time through detection, the cutter head damage can be found in time, and the working stability of the device is improved.

[0019] 2、The water jet assembly is arranged on the upper part of the tunneling cutter head, when the large block dense rock stratum is tunneled, the water jet effect provided by the high-pressure nozzle can reduce the structural strength of the rock stratum through the opening, and the dense rock stratum can be efficiently broken and tunneled in cooperation with the tunneling cutter head, the tunneling efficiency is improved, and the wear of the tunneling cutter head is reduced, and the high-pressure nozzle adopts a pressure division type communication structure, the high-pressure nozzle can be automatically switched between low-pressure and high-pressure modes through the pressure division communication block, the spray holes on the circumferential side of the high-pressure nozzle are in working communication in the low-pressure state, the tunneling cutter head is sprayed and cooled, the injection holes in the middle of the high-pressure nozzle are in working communication in the high-pressure state, and the rock stratum is opened, and the structure is simple and reliable.

[0020] 3、The auxiliary limiting flap is arranged on the end side of the second hydraulic push rod, the end of the second hydraulic push rod is moved as a driving force, the auxiliary limiting flap is unfolded through the guiding and pushing action of the guide and push support after the second hydraulic push rod is retracted, the auxiliary limiting flap is limited through the limiting resistance, and when the equipment is moved forward on a slope, the auxiliary limiting reinforcement is provided for the equipment at the position switching joint, the equipment sliding accident can be avoided, and the emergency protection safety of the device is further improved. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a whole front side perspective structure schematic diagram of the present application;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a whole rear side perspective structure schematic diagram of the present application;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a whole working installation structure schematic diagram of the present application;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a cutter head mechanism perspective structure schematic diagram of the present application;

[0026] Figure 5 Figure is the installation structure diagram of the tunneling cutter head of the application;

[0027] Figure 6 Figure is the installation structure diagram of the cutter head detection sensor of the application;

[0028] Figure 7 Figure is the front side structure diagram of the water cutter assembly of the application;

[0029] Figure 8 Figure is the rear side structure diagram of the water cutter assembly of the application;

[0030] Figure 9 Figure is the local section structure diagram of the water supply interface of the application;

[0031] Figure 10 Figure is the working installation structure diagram of the second hydraulic push rod of the application;

[0032] Figure 11 Figure is the working installation structure diagram of the auxiliary limiting flap of the application.

[0033] Figure legend: 1, tunneling driving part; 2, advancing support part; 3, tunneling cutter head; 4, tunneling cutter head; 5, cutter head detection sensor; 6, detection mounting seat; 7, detection push block; 8, cutter head mounting seat; 9, first shower seat; 10, second shower seat; 11, rotary connector; 12, high-pressure spray head; 13, pressure communication block; 14, limiting spring; 15, communication hole; 16, driving pedestal; 17, first hydraulic push rod; 18, second hydraulic push rod; 19, gravel conveying seat; 20, discharge conveying belt; 21, first limiting edge seat; 22, second limiting edge seat; 23, edge seat driving cylinder; 24, auxiliary limiting flap; 25, flap driving arm; 26, push spring; 27, limiting column; 28, guide push support; 29, gravel collection port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the application, rather than all the embodiments of the application. Based on the embodiments in the application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the application.

[0035] It is to be understood that the structure, proportion, size and the like shown in the drawings of the present specification are only used to cooperate with the disclosed content, to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the implementation conditions of the present application, so they do not have technical significance. Any modification of the structure, change of the proportion relationship or adjustment of the size, without affecting the effect and purpose of the present application, should still fall within the scope of the disclosed technical content.

[0036] Embodiment

[0037] Please refer to Figures 1-11 The present application provides a technical solution: a tunnel boring machine and its propulsion cutterhead, comprising a boring driving part 1, a propulsion support part 2 and a cutterhead mechanism, the boring driving part 1 is installed at the front of the propulsion support part 2 for the boring driving of the cutterhead mechanism, as shown in the accompanying Figure 1 In order to facilitate the movement of the equipment support, support rails are provided at the lower part of the boring driving part 1 and the propulsion support part 2, in order to provide driving force for the boring and movement of the equipment, a second hydraulic push rod 18 is provided at the rear of the boring driving part 1 for propulsion installation with the propulsion support part 2, specifically, as shown in the accompanying Figure 3 The second hydraulic push rod 18 is provided in pairs, and the two groups of second hydraulic push rod 18 are respectively installed on both sides of the joint between the boring driving part 1 and the propulsion support part 2 through the hinge seat, and the propulsion support part 2 is installed at the rear of the boring driving part 1 through the second hydraulic push rod 18.

[0038] In order to transport and discharge the gravel material, a gravel conveying seat 19 and a discharge conveying belt 20 are respectively provided at the middle part of the boring driving part 1 and the propulsion support part 2, the discharge conveying belt 20 is provided at the middle lower side of the propulsion support part 2 and is installed in the material port side and the discharge side of the gravel conveying seat 19, which can efficiently transport and discharge the gravel material, in order to realize the propulsion displacement support of the equipment, a first limiting edge seat 21 and a second limiting edge seat 22 are respectively installed at the middle side of the boring driving part 1 and the propulsion support part 2, as shown in the accompanying Figure 3 The first limiting edge seat 21 and the second limiting edge seat 22 are provided in pairs, two groups of first limiting edge seat 21 are respectively installed at the middle part of the boring driving part 1, and two groups of second limiting edge seat 22 are respectively installed at the middle part of the propulsion support part 2, in order to drive the first limiting edge seat 21 and the second limiting edge seat 22 to expand, an edge seat driving cylinder 23 is installed at the edge side of the first limiting edge seat 21 and the second limiting edge seat 22.

[0039] In order to improve the working safety of the device, an auxiliary limiting flap 24 is installed at the edge side of the second hydraulic push rod 18, as shown in the accompanying Figure 10As shown, the flap driving arm 25 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the guide pushing support 28, and the auxiliary limiting flap 24 is hingedly installed on the rear part of the tunneling driving part 1 through the flap driving arm 25. Specifically, as shown in the attached Figure 11 As shown, the guide pushing support 28 is fixedly installed on the end side of the second hydraulic pushing rod 18. In order to realize the action driving of the flap driving arm 25, a guide wheel is rotatably installed on the upper part of the flap driving arm 25. When unfolded and supported, the guide wheel is in contact with the guide pushing support 28. The end of the second hydraulic pushing rod 18 is moved as a driving force. The guide pushing support 28 is matched with the guide pushing action. After the second hydraulic pushing rod 18 is retracted, the auxiliary limiting flap 24 can be unfolded and guided. Through the pushing and limiting of the auxiliary limiting flap 24, when the equipment is moved forward on the slope, the equipment can be provided with auxiliary limiting reinforcement at the position change connection, which can effectively avoid the equipment from slipping and further improve the emergency protection safety of the device. In order to facilitate the return and reset of the auxiliary limiting flap 24, a reset pushing block is arranged at the hinged side end of the flap driving arm 25. A pushing spring 26 is abutted and installed on the inner side of the reset pushing block. In order to ensure that the flap driving arm 25 is not in contact with the pushing rod part of the second hydraulic pushing rod 18 after reset, a limiting column 27 for turning and limiting the flap driving arm 25 is arranged on the side of the tunneling driving part 1.

[0040] In order to drive the cutter mechanism to move forward, a driving pedestal 16 and a first hydraulic pushing rod 17 for pushing and installing the cutter mechanism are arranged on the front part of the tunneling driving part 1, as shown in the attached Figure 3 As shown, the first hydraulic pushing rod 17 is used for the working forward movement and steering driving of the tunneling cutter 3. The first hydraulic pushing rod 17 is provided with a plurality of first hydraulic pushing rods 17, which are symmetrically installed on the abutting sides of the tunneling driving part 1 and the driving pedestal 16. The driving pedestal 16 is movably installed on the front part of the tunneling driving part 1 under the driving of the first hydraulic pushing rod 17, and can be flexibly steered and moved forward.

[0041] The cutter mechanism is used for cutting and tunneling. The cutter mechanism includes a tunneling cutter 3, a tunneling cutter head 4, a cutter head detection sensor 5, a detection mounting seat 6, and a water cutter assembly. In order to drive the tunneling cutter 3 to rotate, a hydraulic driving structure is arranged in the driving pedestal 16. The hydraulic driving structure includes a plurality of hydraulic motors which are meshingly installed with inner tooth rings. The tunneling cutter 3 is rotatably installed on the front part of the driving pedestal 16 under the driving of the hydraulic driving structure. The tunneling cutter 3 is rotatably installed on the front part of the driving pedestal 16 under the pushing of the first hydraulic pushing rod 17, and performs tunneling work, as shown in the attached Figure 4 As shown, the tunneling cutter head 4 is provided with a plurality of tunneling cutter heads 4. In order to facilitate the connection and installation of the tunneling cutter head 4, a cutter head mounting seat 8 is arranged on the upper part of the tunneling cutter 3. A plurality of tunneling cutter heads 4 are freely rotatably installed on the upper part of the tunneling cutter 3 in a ring interlaced manner through the cutter head mounting seat 8. In order to facilitate the recycling of gravel materials, gravel collecting openings 29 are arranged on the circumferential side of the tunneling cutter 3.

[0042] To monitor the status of the tunneling cutter head 4 in real time, the cutter head detection sensor 5 is mounted on the rear of the tunneling cutter head 4 via the detection mounting base 6, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 5 As shown, the detection mounting base 6 is fixedly installed to the rear of the cutter head mounting base 8 by bolts. The detection mounting base 6 is fitted into the rear of the tunneling cutter head 4 through a groove provided at the front, which can remove excess soil particles adhering to the upper part of the tunneling cutter head 4. The cutter head detection sensor 5 is fixedly fitted into the middle of the detection mounting base 6, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 6 As shown, the detection push block 7 is fixedly installed on the detection push rod end of the cutter head detection sensor 5. The detection end of the cutter head detection sensor 5 is equipped with the detection push block 7, which is installed in contact with the periphery of the tunneling cutter head 4. The detection push block 7 is movably installed with the detection mounting base 6 through the slot guide. The front side of the detection push block 7 is in movable contact with the outer periphery of the tunneling cutter head 4. The cutter head detection structure adopts a push block type. The cutter head detection sensor 5 is installed at the rear of the tunneling cutter head 4 using the detection mounting base 6. The cutter head detection sensor 5 makes contact detection with the circumferential force-bearing part of the tunneling cutter head 4 through the detection push block 7. It can monitor the integrity of the circumferential cutting edge of the tunneling cutter head 4 in real time. The structure is simple and the operation is reliable. Through detection, the health status of the tunneling cutter head 4 can be monitored in real time, and cutter head damage can be detected in time, which is conducive to improving the working stability of the device.

[0043] The water jet assembly includes a first spray seat 9, a second spray seat 10, and a rotary connector 11. The first spray seat 9 and the second spray seat 10 are connected and installed on the upper part of the tunneling cutterhead 3 via the rotary connector 11. Specifically, see attached... Figure 7 As shown, the rotary connector 11 is fixedly installed inside the drive base 16 by a bracket. The first spray seat 9 and the second spray seat 10 are respectively fixedly installed on both sides of the middle part of the tunneling cutterhead 3 by bolts. The rotary connector 11 is a high-pressure water rotary joint. The rotary connecting part of the rotary connector 11 is connected to the liquid inlet at the rear of the first spray seat 9 and the second spray seat 10 through a pipeline, which can realize a stable water supply to the spray seats when the tunneling cutterhead 3 rotates. In order to realize water spraying and jetting, high-pressure nozzles 12 are provided on the upper part of the first spray seat 9 and the second spray seat 10. High-pressure nozzles 12 are evenly arranged in front of the first spray seat 9 and the second spray seat 10. The high-pressure nozzles 12 penetrate the tunneling cutterhead 3. The center of the high-pressure nozzles 12 is provided with spray holes. The outer periphery of the high-pressure nozzles 12 is evenly provided with spray holes in a circular oblique direction. A water jet assembly is provided on the upper part of the tunneling cutterhead 3. When tunneling through large blocks of dense rock strata, the water jet effect provided by the high-pressure nozzles 12 can reduce the structural strength of the rock strata through the opening. In conjunction with the tunneling cutterhead 4, the dense rock strata can be efficiently broken and tunneled, which can improve the tunneling efficiency and reduce the wear of the tunneling cutterhead 4.

[0044] To achieve alternating water-liquid communication, pressure-dividing connecting blocks 13 are provided on the water supply connection sides of both the first spray seat 9 and the second spray seat 10, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 9 As shown, the pressure dividing connecting block 13 is movably fitted inside the liquid inlet interface. The end side of the pressure dividing connecting block 13 is abutted by a limit spring 14. A connecting hole 15 is provided through the middle of the pressure dividing connecting block 13. The pressure dividing connecting block 13 is connected to the corresponding channels of the spray hole and the jet hole when the water is in low pressure and high pressure states, respectively. The high pressure nozzle 12 adopts a pressure dividing connecting structure. By using the pressure dividing connecting block 13 to push through the pressure dividing zone, the high pressure nozzle 12 can automatically switch between low and high pressure modes. In the low pressure state, the spray holes around the high pressure nozzle 12 are connected to perform spray cooling work on the tunneling cutterhead 3. In the high pressure state, the jet hole in the middle of the high pressure nozzle 12 is connected to perform drilling work on the rock strata. The structure is simple and the operation is reliable.

[0045] Working principle or structural principle: During tunneling, the first limiting side seat 21 and the second limiting side seat 22 cooperate to provide propulsion support for the equipment. The first hydraulic push rod 17 and the second hydraulic push rod 18 cooperate to provide tunneling thrust for the tunneling cutterhead 3. During operation, the tunneling cutterhead 3 rotates at a constant speed. Under the thrust provided by the first hydraulic push rod 17 and the second hydraulic push rod 18, the tunneling cutter head 4 rotates and cuts the rock strata in front. The rock strata are broken by partitioned cutting and pressing, and the tunneling work is realized. The crushed stone is transported to the discharge conveyor belt 20 through the crushed stone conveyor seat 19 and then discharged by the discharge conveyor belt 20.

[0046] During conventional tunneling operations, low-pressure water is diverted and supplied to the inner side of the first spray seat 9 and the second spray seat 10 via rotary connector 11. In the low-pressure state, the water pressure cannot overcome the thrust of the limiting spring 14. The limiting spring 14 pushes the pressure-dividing connecting block 13 into the low-pressure connected position. In the low-pressure state, the spray holes around the high-pressure nozzle 12 are connected, spraying and cooling the tunneling cutterhead 3. During large-block rock strata tunneling, the tunneling cutterhead 3 stops rotating after reaching its position. At this time, the high-pressure water is diverted via rotary connector 11... The water is fed into the inner side of the first spray seat 9 and the second spray seat 10. Under high pressure, the water pressure is much greater than that under low pressure. Under high pressure, the pressure dividing block 13 moves backward to work with the spray hole in the middle of the high pressure nozzle 12, overcoming the thrust of the limiting spring 14. The high pressure water flow, combined with cutting sandblasting, opens the middle of the rock layer. The opening reduces the structural strength of the rock layer. Then, the tunneling cutterhead 3 rotates and works with the tunneling cutter head 4 to efficiently break and tunnel the dense rock layer. While improving tunneling efficiency, it can also reduce the wear of the tunneling cutter head 4.

[0047] During the equipment tunneling and propulsion repositioning, the second limiting side seat 22 on the upper part of the propulsion support 2 retracts and is stored. Then, the second hydraulic push rod 18 retracts, driving the propulsion support 2 to move forward. When the second hydraulic push rod 18 retracts to its lowest position, the guide wheel on the inner side of the auxiliary limiting flap 24 rolls and presses against the inclined side of the guide propulsion support 28. Under the action of the guide propulsion, the auxiliary limiting flap 24 flips and unfolds to press and engage with the tunnel sidewall. Then, the second limiting side seat 22 unfolds to provide support. After that, when the first limiting side seat... 21. Retraction and reset: During the limit connection process, the auxiliary limit flap 24, together with the second limit side seat 22, provides double anti-slip limit protection for the equipment, which can effectively prevent the occurrence of equipment slippage accidents. Then, the second hydraulic push rod 18, together with the first hydraulic push rod 17, performs forward tunneling drive. When the second hydraulic push rod 18 pushes forward, it receives the forward push guide wheel to disengage from the upper part of the push support 28, and is simultaneously pushed by the displacement of the push spring 26 and the tunnel side wall, causing the auxiliary limit flap 24 to automatically retract and reset.

[0048] In summary, based on the stress distribution characteristics of the tunneling cutter head 4, this tunneling machine adopts a push-block type cutter head detection structure. The cutter head detection sensor 5 is installed at the rear of the tunneling cutter head 4 using the detection mounting base 6. The cutter head detection sensor 5 contacts the circumferential stress-bearing part of the tunneling cutter head 4 through the detection push block 7, enabling real-time monitoring of the integrity of the circumferential cutting edge of the tunneling cutter head 4. The structure is simple and reliable. Real-time monitoring of the health status of the tunneling cutter head 4 allows for timely detection of cutter head damage, improving the stability of the device. A water jet assembly is installed on the upper part of the tunneling cutterhead 3. When tunneling through large blocks of dense rock strata, the water jet effect provided by the high-pressure nozzle 12 can reduce the structural strength of the rock strata through openings. Combined with the tunneling cutter head 4, this allows for efficient breaking and tunneling of dense rock strata, improving tunneling efficiency while reducing wear on the tunneling cutter head 4. Furthermore, the high-pressure nozzle 12 adopts... Using a pressure-dividing connection structure, the pressure-dividing connection block 13 can automatically switch between low and high pressure modes of the high-pressure nozzle 12 through the pressure-dividing zone. In the low-pressure state, the spray holes around the high-pressure nozzle 12 are connected to spray and cool the tunneling cutterhead 3. In the high-pressure state, the spray hole in the middle of the high-pressure nozzle 12 is connected to open the rock strata. The structure is simple and the operation is reliable. An auxiliary limiting flap 24 is set on the end side of the second hydraulic push rod 18. The movement of the end of the second hydraulic push rod 18 is used as the driving force. With the guiding and pushing action of the guide support 28, the auxiliary limiting flap 24 can be pushed and unfolded after the second hydraulic push rod 18 retracts. Through the pushing and limiting of the auxiliary limiting flap 24, when the equipment is moving forward on the slope, it can provide auxiliary limiting and reinforcement at the switching connection point, which can effectively avoid the occurrence of equipment slippage accidents and further improve the emergency protection safety of the device.

[0049] Those skilled in the art will understand that the features described in the various embodiments and / or claims of the present invention can be combined or combined in various ways, even if such combinations or combinations are not explicitly described in the present invention. In particular, the features described in the various embodiments and / or claims of the present invention can be combined or combined in various ways without departing from the spirit and teachings of the present invention. All such combinations and / or combinations fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel boring machine, comprising a tunneling drive unit (1), a propulsion support unit (2), and a cutterhead mechanism, characterized in that: The tunneling drive unit (1) is installed at the front of the propulsion support unit (2) for tunneling propulsion of the cutterhead mechanism. The middle side of the tunneling drive unit (1) and the propulsion support unit (2) are respectively equipped with a first limiting side seat (21) and a second limiting side seat (22). The middle part of the tunneling drive unit (1) and the propulsion support unit (2) are respectively provided with a stone conveying seat (19) and a discharge conveyor belt (20). The rear of the tunneling drive unit (1) is provided with a second hydraulic push rod (18) for being installed in conjunction with the propulsion support unit (2). The propulsion support unit (2) is installed in conjunction with the rear of the tunneling drive unit (1) by the second hydraulic push rod (18). An auxiliary limiting flap (24) is installed on the side of the second hydraulic push rod (18). The front of the tunneling drive unit (1) is provided with a drive platform (16) and a first hydraulic push rod (17) for being installed in conjunction with the cutterhead mechanism. The cutterhead mechanism is used for tunnel cutting and excavation. The cutterhead mechanism includes a cutterhead (3), a cutter head (4), a cutter head detection sensor (5), a detection mounting base (6), and a water jet assembly. The cutterhead (3) is rotatably mounted on the front of the drive platform (16) under the push of the first hydraulic push rod (17). The cutter head (4) is rotatably mounted on the upper part of the cutterhead (3). The cutter head detection sensor (5) is mounted on the rear of the cutter head (4) via the detection mounting base (6). The detection end of the cutter head detection sensor (5) is mounted on... The water jet assembly includes a detection pusher (7) installed in contact with the periphery of the tunneling cutter head (4). The water jet assembly includes a first spray seat (9), a second spray seat (10), and a rotary connector (11). The first spray seat (9) and the second spray seat (10) are connected and installed on the upper part of the tunneling cutter head (3) through the rotary connector (11). High pressure nozzles (12) are provided on the upper part of the first spray seat (9) and the second spray seat (10). Pressure dividing connecting blocks (13) are provided on the water supply connecting side of the first spray seat (9) and the second spray seat (10). The upper part of the tunneling cutterhead (3) is provided with a cutter head mounting seat (8). The detection mounting seat (6) is fixedly installed on the rear part of the cutter head mounting seat (8) by bolts. The detection mounting seat (6) is fitted with the rear part of the tunneling cutter head (4) through the slot provided at the front. The cutter head detection sensor (5) is fixedly fitted in the middle part of the detection mounting seat (6). The detection push block (7) is fixedly installed on the detection push rod end of the cutter head detection sensor (5). The detection push block (7) is movably installed with the detection mounting seat (6) through the slot guide. The front side of the detection push block (7) is in movable contact with the outer peripheral side of the tunneling cutter head (4). The rotary connector (11) is fixedly installed inside the drive platform (16) by a bracket. The first spray seat (9) and the second spray seat (10) are fixedly installed on both sides of the middle part of the tunneling cutterhead (3) by bolts. The rotary connecting part of the rotary connector (11) is connected to the liquid inlet at the rear of the first spray seat (9) and the second spray seat (10) by a pipeline. The high-pressure nozzles (12) are evenly arranged in front of the first spray seat (9) and the second spray seat (10). The high-pressure nozzles (12) penetrate the tunneling cutterhead (3). The high-pressure nozzles (12) have spray holes in the middle. The outer periphery of the high-pressure nozzles (12) has spray holes evenly arranged in a circumferential oblique direction. The pressure dividing connecting block (13) is movably fitted and installed inside the liquid inlet. The end side of the pressure dividing connecting block (13) is abutted by a limit spring (14). The middle of the pressure dividing connecting block (13) has a connecting hole (15). The pressure dividing connecting block (13) is connected to the channels corresponding to the spray holes and spray holes respectively when the water is under low pressure and high pressure.

2. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the tunneling drive unit (1) and the propulsion support unit (2) are equipped with support rail wheels at their lower parts. The second hydraulic push rods (18) are arranged in pairs, and the two sets of second hydraulic push rods (18) are respectively installed on both sides of the joint of the tunneling drive unit (1) and the propulsion support unit (2) through hinge seats.

3. A tunnel boring machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first hydraulic push rod (17) is used for the working propulsion and steering drive of the tunneling cutterhead (3). There are multiple first hydraulic push rods (17). Several first hydraulic push rods (17) are symmetrically installed on the docking side of the tunneling drive unit (1) and the drive platform (16). The drive platform (16) is movably installed on the front of the tunneling drive unit (1) under the drive of the first hydraulic push rod (17).

4. A tunnel boring machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The drive platform (16) is equipped with a hydraulic drive structure. The tunneling cutterhead (3) is rotated and installed on the front of the drive platform (16) under the drive of the hydraulic drive structure. Multiple tunneling cutterheads (4) are provided. Several tunneling cutterheads (4) are freely rotated and installed on the upper part of the tunneling cutterhead (3) through the cutterhead mounting seat (8) in a ring-shaped staggered manner. The tunneling cutterhead (3) is provided with a stone collection port (29) on its periphery.

5. A tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first limiting side seat (21) and the second limiting side seat (22) are both set in pairs. The two sets of the first limiting side seats (21) are movably and telescopically installed on both sides of the middle part of the tunneling drive unit (1), and the two sets of the second limiting side seats (22) are movably and telescopically installed on both sides of the middle part of the propulsion support unit (2). The side seat drive cylinder (23) is installed on the side of both the first limiting side seat (21) and the second limiting side seat (22).

6. A tunnel boring machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a guide support (28), and a flap drive arm (25) is fixedly installed on the inner side of the auxiliary limiting flap (24). The auxiliary limiting flap (24) is hinged to the rear of the tunneling drive unit (1) through the flap drive arm (25). The guide support (28) is fixedly installed on the end side of the second hydraulic push rod (18). A guide wheel is rotatably installed on the upper part of the flap drive arm (25). When the support is extended, the guide wheel contacts and supports the guide support (28).

7. A tunnel boring machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The hinged end of the flap drive arm (25) is provided with a reset push block, and the inner side of the reset push block is abutted by a push spring (26). The side of the tunneling drive unit (1) is provided with a limiting post (27) for limiting the flipping of the flap drive arm (25).

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