Measurement and control system, pipe jacking construction and measurement and control methods for existing underground space expansion projects

Abstract

The present invention provides a measurement and control system for an existing underground space expansion project, comprising an information collection module, an information transmission module, a data storage module, a data processing module, an intelligent prediction module and a feedback control module; in addition, the existing underground space expansion project includes a jacking construction and measurement and control method, comprising reinforcement of the jacking construction area, excavation of a hole in the bottom plate of the existing underground space structure, jacking of a jacking machine head casing and its measurement and control, downward jacking operation and its measurement and control, removal of jacking construction equipment and sealing treatment of jacking connection parts; by adopting a downward jacking jacking construction method inside the existing underground space, full use is made of the top plate of the existing underground space structure as a reaction support and the characteristics of soft soil and water-rich strata that are easy to excavate but difficult to support, thereby avoiding the risk of foundation pit excavation under the narrow site conditions of the existing underground space in soft soil and water-rich areas, realizing safe excavation operations under the protection of the jacking casing and pipe sections and forming an underground space.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of construction control, and relates to a measurement and control system for an existing underground space expansion project, pipe jacking construction, and a measurement and control method. Background Art

[0002] With the update of design standards related to water fire protection and drainage in civil buildings and the adjustment or upgrade of building functions, existing underground spaces such as underground transportation hubs, underground commercial buildings, underground garages, vehicle tunnels, and integrated pipeline corridors are facing the construction demand of adding deep pump rooms and corresponding construction methods and monitoring and control technologies.

[0003] Construction monitoring and control is an important measure to ensure project safety, improve construction quality, and control environmental impacts. By real-time monitoring of various safety status indicators of key parts of the project structure and the surrounding environment, corresponding control measures can be taken to ensure the efficient and high-quality completion of the expected construction goals. However, the current construction of existing underground space expansion projects is facing the constraints of objective conditions such as the complexity and uncertainty of geological conditions, the poor adaptability of existing monitoring equipment and information transmission technology to the underground engineering environment, the difficulty in integrating and analyzing monitoring data, the lack of standardized processes for construction monitoring and control of existing underground space expansion projects, and the low level of intelligent control of underground engineering construction. It is difficult to achieve automation, intelligence, informationization, efficiency, and accuracy of construction monitoring and control, which seriously affects the grasp, evaluation, control, and adjustment of structural safety, surrounding environment, and construction technical parameters during the construction of existing underground space expansion projects, thereby affecting the quality and efficiency of the construction of existing underground space expansion projects, and may even cause safety accidents and loss of life and property during the construction process.

[0004] In soft, water-rich soil areas characterized by high moisture content, high sensitivity, high compressibility, and low bearing capacity, the current conventional construction method for adding deep pumphouses to existing underground spaces employs an open excavation combined with a cast-in-place structure. This involves reinforcing the water-rich soft soil stratum through freezing or large-volume cement applications, followed by excavation of the narrow excavation and subsequent construction of the structure in sections under temporary support. This conventional construction method presents challenges such as high cost, long construction periods, significant environmental impact, high labor intensity, low construction efficiency, and numerous safety hazards. In particular, it causes significant deformation and additional internal forces in the existing underground space, seriously impacting the safety and long-term operation of the existing structure.

[0005] How to develop a safe, reliable, convenient, green and low-carbon construction method for adding deep pump rooms to existing underground spaces in soft soil and water-rich areas, and develop a matching, intelligent and efficient construction monitoring and control system and method to achieve automation, intelligence, informatization, efficiency and accuracy of construction monitoring and control, is a technical problem that needs to be urgently solved in the field of underground space renovation and expansion project construction in soft soil and water-rich areas. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In response to the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention proposes a measurement and control system, jacking construction and measurement and control method for existing underground space expansion projects, which are suitable for deep pump room construction projects in existing underground spaces in soft soil and water-rich areas. By using the downward rectangular jacking method to add a monitoring and control system for the deep pump room inside the existing underground space and the corresponding construction and measurement and control methods, the risks of foundation pit excavation under the conditions of a small site in the existing underground space, the defects of cast-in-place construction of the structure and the difficulties in controlling underground project construction are avoided.

[0007] In a first aspect, the present application discloses a measurement and control system for an existing underground space expansion project, comprising an information acquisition module, an information transmission module, a data storage module, a data processing module, an intelligent prediction module, and a feedback control module; the information acquisition module comprises a pipe jacking information acquisition unit, an existing structure information acquisition unit, an equipment information acquisition unit, and a stratum information acquisition unit;

[0008] The pipe jacking information acquisition unit includes but is not limited to a joint measuring sensor, which is used to obtain technical parameters of the pipe jacking structure during construction, wherein the pipe jacking structure is composed of a pipe jacking machine head casing and a plurality of pipe segments, the pipe jacking machine head casing is a ground-breaking device located at the front end of the pipe jacking structure, the front end of the pipe segment is tightly connected to the rear end of the pipe jacking machine head casing, or two adjacent pipe segments are tightly connected end to end, and the joint measuring sensor is arranged between adjacent pipe segments and is used to obtain three-dimensional relative displacement data between adjacent pipe segments;

[0009] The existing structure information acquisition unit is arranged on the existing underground space structure component, and includes but is not limited to a structural stress sensor and a structural deformation sensor, wherein the existing underground space structure component includes an existing underground space structure bottom plate, an existing underground space structure top plate, an existing underground space structure vertical component and a plain concrete cushion layer, the existing underground space structure bottom plate and the existing underground space structure top plate are connected through the existing underground space structure vertical component, the plain concrete cushion layer is located below the existing underground space structure bottom plate, the structural stress sensor is used to obtain stress data of the existing underground space structure component, and the structural deformation sensor is used to obtain deformation data of the existing underground space structure component;

[0010] The equipment information acquisition unit includes but is not limited to a jacking force sensor, which is used to obtain technical parameters of the jacking equipment during construction, wherein the jacking equipment includes a jacking iron member, a hydraulic jack, a steel structure portal frame for jacking pipe reaction and a jacking pipe reaction base, the lower surface of the jacking iron member is in contact with the upper surface of the head casing of the jacking machine, the hydraulic jack is located above the jacking iron member and below the steel structure portal frame for jacking pipe reaction, the steel structure portal frame for jacking pipe reaction is connected to the top plate of the existing underground space structure through the jacking pipe reaction base, and the jacking force sensor is arranged on the hydraulic jack and is used to obtain jacking force data of the jack;

[0011] The formation information acquisition unit includes but is not limited to a formation pressure sensor and a formation strain sensor. The formation pressure sensor is buried in the formation surrounding the pipe jacking construction area and is used to obtain formation pressure data. The formation strain sensor is buried in the formation surrounding the pipe jacking construction area and is used to obtain formation strain data.

[0012] The information transmission module is used to establish remote data connection and transmission between each module and each unit;

[0013] The data processing module includes a data preprocessing unit and a data analysis unit; wherein the data preprocessing unit is used to preprocess the raw data obtained by the information acquisition module, and the data analysis unit is used to perform operations on the data processed by the data preprocessing unit and obtain analysis results;

[0014] The intelligent prediction module is used to input the data processed by the data preprocessing unit into a pre-trained neural network model and output the construction control quantity;

[0015] The data storage module is used to store the data processed by the data pre-processing unit, the analysis results output by the data processing module and the construction control quantity output by the intelligent prediction module;

[0016] The feedback control module includes an early warning unit and a control unit; wherein, the early warning unit is used to determine whether to control the alarm installed on the steel structure portal frame for the jacking reaction force to trigger an alarm based on the analysis results of the data analysis unit; the control unit is used to control the jacking equipment and the head casing of the jacking machine based on the construction control quantity output by the intelligent prediction module.

[0017] Preferably, the construction control variables include but are not limited to the posture of the head casing of the pipe jacking machine, the jacking force and jacking speed of the hydraulic jack.

[0018] The second aspect of the present application discloses a pipe jacking construction and measurement and control method for an existing underground space expansion project, comprising the following steps:

[0019] S100, reinforcement of the pipe jacking construction area: measuring and locating the pipe jacking construction area, the tensile anchor drilling position, and the grouting reinforcement drilling position of the existing underground space structure floor; drilling downwards at the tensile anchor drilling position and inserting the tensile anchor, then filling the gap between the tensile anchor and the hole wall with grouting material; drilling downwards at the grouting reinforcement drilling position and performing double-liquid grouting on the underlying stratum of the existing underground space structure floor to form a double-liquid grouting reinforcement area;

[0020] S200, excavating a hole in the existing underground space structure floor: After the tensile anchor rods and the double-liquid grouting reinforcement area are tested to meet the design strength requirements, the existing underground space structure floor and the plain concrete cushion layer in the jacking pipe construction area are excavated to form a hole. The excavated interface of the hole is formed into a groove with a larger upper portion and a smaller lower portion, and a chloroprene rubber cord rubber sheet is installed on the excavated interface.

[0021] S300, jacking of the head casing of the pipe jacking machine and its measurement and control: the head casing of the pipe jacking machine is placed vertically downward in the pipe jacking construction area, and the jacking iron components, the hydraulic jack, the steel portal frame for the pipe jacking reaction force, and the pipe jacking reaction force base required for the pipe jacking construction are installed in place; then a vertical downward jacking force is applied to the head casing of the pipe jacking machine through the hydraulic jack; at this time, the jacking reaction force, which interacts with the jacking force, is transmitted upward to the top plate of the existing underground space structure in sequence through the steel portal frame for the pipe jacking reaction force and the pipe jacking reaction force base; during the jacking of the head casing of the pipe jacking machine, the jacking force, the internal force and deformation of the existing underground space structure, and the stratum pressure and strain are monitored and controlled in real time through the measurement and control system of the existing underground space expansion project;

[0022] S400, downward jacking operation and its measurement and control: the head casing of the pipe jacking machine moves downward to a predetermined position under the action of the jacking force, and then the jacking is stopped, the jacking member and the hydraulic jack are lifted upward, and then the pipe section is placed on the head casing of the pipe jacking machine and under the jacking member, and the pipe section is tightly connected to the head casing of the pipe jacking machine; then the jacking member and the hydraulic jack are moved downward until the jacking member contacts the pipe section, and a vertical downward jacking force is applied to the pipe section by the hydraulic jack; the pipe section and the head casing of the pipe jacking machine are moved downward to a predetermined position under the action of the jacking force, and then the jacking is stopped, and the jacking member and The hydraulic jack is lifted upward, and then the second pipe segment is placed above the pipe segment and below the jacking iron member, and the second pipe segment is tightly connected to the pipe segment; the jacking iron member and the hydraulic jack are then moved downward until the jacking iron member contacts the second pipe segment, and a vertical downward jacking force is applied to the second pipe segment by the hydraulic jack; the above operation is repeated to achieve continuous downward jacking operation until the designed depth required for pump room construction is reached; during the downward jacking operation, the alignment of the pipe segment axis, the jacking force, the internal force and deformation of the existing underground space structure, and the stratum pressure and strain are monitored and controlled in real time by the existing underground space expansion project measurement and control system;

[0023] S500, dismantling the pipe jacking construction equipment: dismantling the jacking iron components, the hydraulic jacks, the pipe reaction steel portal frame, and the pipe jacking reaction base, and dismantling the core devices such as the motor placed inside the head casing of the pipe jacking machine, lifting them out and recycling them; the head casing of the pipe jacking machine is directly used as the permanent bottom structure of the newly added pump room;

[0024] S600, sealing treatment of the top pipe connection part: grouting is performed to fill the gap between the pipe section and the hole, and then the curtain rubber plate is removed; after the construction of the deep pump room structure is completed, shrinkage compensating concrete is used to cast the connection part between the pipe section at the hole and the bottom plate of the existing underground space structure.

[0025] Preferably, in step S300, when the head casing of the pipe jacking machine moves downward under the action of the jacking force and penetrates the formation, the cord rubber sheet is squeezed and enters the gap between the head casing of the pipe jacking machine and the hole, which is beneficial to prevent formation water from seeping into the existing underground space through the gap during construction.

[0026] Preferably, in step S400, for the measurement and control of the consistency of the pipe segment axes, considering that factors such as insufficient pipe segment connection quality and formation heterogeneity may lead to inconsistent axes between adjacent pipe segments, it is necessary to monitor and control the relative opening and closing degree, relative misalignment degree, and relative rotation degree between adjacent pipe segments in real time during pipe segment connection and jacking. To this end, the three-dimensional relative displacements between adjacent pipe segments are obtained by the joint measuring sensor, including the axial relative displacement ΔD1, the radial relative displacement ΔD2, and the tangential relative displacement ΔD3, and satisfy the following expression:

[0027]

[0028] Wherein, [ΔD1] is the axial relative displacement limit, [ΔD2] is the radial relative displacement limit, and [ΔD3] is the tangential relative displacement limit;

[0029] During the pipe segment connection, when the data processing module determines after analysis that the axial relative displacement ΔD1, radial relative displacement ΔD2, or tangential relative displacement ΔD3 between adjacent pipe segments exceeds the limit, the feedback control module transmits a command to the alarm and triggers the alarm until the pipe segment connection position and posture are adjusted to meet the requirements;

[0030] During the pipe segment jacking, when the data processing module determines after analysis that the axial relative displacement ΔD1, radial relative displacement ΔD2 or tangential relative displacement ΔD3 between adjacent pipe segments exceeds the limit, the feedback control module transmits the instruction to the alarm and triggers the alarm, and the jacking construction is immediately stopped and corrective measures are taken.

[0031] Preferably, in step S300 and step S400, for the measurement and control of the jacking force, considering that the jacking force applied by the hydraulic jack on the head casing of the pipe jacking machine or the pipe segment has a significant impact on the internal force of the pipe segment structure, the stress deformation of the stratum, and the internal force and deformation of the existing underground space structure, it is necessary to obtain the jacking force F of the hydraulic jack through the jacking force sensor. a , jacking force F a Satisfies the following expression:

[0032] F a =ΣF ai ≤[F a ]

[0033] Among them, F ai is the top force of the nth jack, [F a ] is the jacking force limit;

[0034] When the data processing module determines the jacking force F after analysis aWhen the limit is exceeded, the feedback control module transmits the instruction to the alarm and triggers the alarm until the construction technical parameters of the hydraulic jack are adjusted to meet the requirements.

[0035] Preferably, in step S300 and step S400, for the measurement and control of the internal force and deformation of the existing underground space structure, the jacking force F a The mutually interacting jacking reaction forces are sequentially transmitted to the existing underground space structural components through the jacking reaction steel structure portal frame and the jacking reaction base, which has a significant impact on the internal force and deformation of the structure. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor the internal force and deformation of the existing underground space structural components respectively through the structural stress sensor and the structural deformation sensor; when the data processing module determines that the internal force and deformation of the existing underground space structural components exceed the limit after analysis, the feedback control module transmits the instruction to the alarm and triggers the alarm, and immediately stops the jacking construction and takes corrective measures.

[0036] Preferably, in step S300 and step S400, for the measurement and control of formation pressure and strain, the formation pressure and strain around the pipe jacking construction area are monitored by the formation pressure sensor and the formation strain sensor, so as to grasp the surrounding formation conditions during construction in real time.

[0037] Preferably, in step S300 and step S400, the data processed by the data preprocessing unit is input into the intelligent prediction module and the current construction control quantity is predicted, and then the jacking equipment and the head casing of the pipe jacking machine are controlled by the feedback control module.

[0038] Preferably, in step S300 and step S400, a counterweight is temporarily added above the top plate of the existing underground space structure to reduce the adverse effects of the jacking reaction force on the internal force and deformation of the top plate of the existing underground space structure; the weight of the counterweight G w Satisfies the following expression:

[0039] G w =F a -G b

[0040] Where, F a is the jacking force, G b is the weight of the top plate of the existing underground space structure.

[0041] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: in response to the construction problem of deep pump room projects in existing underground spaces in soft soil and water-rich areas, the first aspect discloses a measurement and control system for existing underground space expansion projects, including an information acquisition module, an information transmission module, a data storage module, a data processing module, an intelligent prediction module and a feedback control module; the second aspect discloses a pipe jacking construction and measurement and control method for existing underground space expansion projects, including reinforcement of the pipe jacking construction area, excavation of holes in the bottom plate of the existing underground space structure, jacking of the head casing of the pipe jacking machine and its measurement and control, downward jacking operation and its measurement and control, removal of the pipe jacking construction equipment and sealing treatment of the pipe jacking connection parts; by creatively developing a downward jacking pipe jacking construction method, full use is made of the top plate of the existing underground space structure as a reaction support and the soft soil and water-rich stratum which is easy to excavate but difficult to Characteristics of support; by adopting the downward jacking pipe construction method inside the existing underground space, the risk of foundation pit excavation under the conditions of narrow site of existing underground space in soft soil and water-rich areas is avoided, and safe excavation operations are achieved under the protection of the jacking pipe casing and pipe segments to form underground space; by adopting prefabricated and assembled pipe segments and mechanized operations, the defects of cast-in-place construction of underground engineering structures are avoided, and the safety, efficiency and environmental protection of underground engineering construction are significantly improved; by monitoring the technical parameters of the jacking pipe structure, existing underground space structure, jacking equipment and surrounding strata, various safety status indicators of key parts of the engineering structure and the surrounding environment are controlled in real time; by adopting a neural network model to predict the current construction control quantity according to the measured technical parameters, the automation, intelligence, informatization, efficiency and accuracy of construction monitoring and control are achieved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 This is a connection diagram of the measurement and control system for the existing underground space expansion project of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 This is a flow chart of the pipe jacking construction and measurement and control method for the existing underground space expansion project of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an existing underground space structure before construction according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the construction step S100 according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the construction step S200 according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the construction step S300 according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 7Schematic diagram of the structure of the construction step S400 according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the construction step S500 according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the construction step S600 according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 10 This is a structural diagram of the chiseling interface in step S300 according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure numerals: 1-information acquisition module, 11-jacking information acquisition unit, 111-crack measurement sensor, 12-existing structure information acquisition unit, 121-structural stress sensor, 122-structural deformation sensor, 13-equipment information acquisition unit, 131-jacking force sensor, 14-formation information acquisition unit, 141-formation pressure sensor, 142-formation strain sensor, 2-information transmission module, 3-data storage module, 4-data processing module, 41-data preprocessing unit, 42-data analysis unit, 5-intelligent prediction module, 6-feedback control module , 61-early warning unit, 62-control unit, 7-existing underground space structure components, 71-existing underground space structure bottom plate, 72-existing underground space structure top plate, 73-existing underground space structure vertical components, 74-plain concrete cushion, 75-double liquid grouting reinforcement area, 76-tensile anchor rod, 77-cord rubber plate, 771-fixing pins, 78-chisel interface, 81-top iron component, 82-hydraulic jack, 83-steel structure portal frame for jacking pipe reaction, 84-jacking pipe reaction base, 91-jacking machine head casing, 92-pipe section, 93-compensating shrinkage concrete. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] The following is combined with Figure 1-10 The embodiments of the present invention are described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention after studying the specification. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0054] The first aspect of this application discloses Figure 1 The measurement and control system for an existing underground space expansion project shown in the figure includes an information acquisition module 1, an information transmission module 2, a data storage module 3, a data processing module 4, an intelligent prediction module 5, and a feedback control module 6. The information acquisition module 1 includes a pipe jacking information acquisition unit 11, an existing structure information acquisition unit 12, an equipment information acquisition unit 13, and a stratum information acquisition unit 14.

[0055] The pipe jacking information acquisition unit 11 includes but is not limited to a crack detection sensor 111, which is used to obtain technical parameters of the pipe jacking structure during construction, wherein the pipe jacking structure is composed of a pipe jacking machine head casing 91 and a plurality of pipe segments 92, wherein the pipe jacking machine head casing 91 is a ground-breaking device located at the front end of the pipe jacking structure, and the front end of the pipe segment 92 is tightly connected to the rear end of the pipe jacking machine head casing 91, or two adjacent pipe segments 92 are tightly connected end to end. The crack detection sensor 111 is arranged between adjacent pipe segments 92 and is used to obtain three-dimensional relative displacement data between adjacent pipe segments 92;

[0056] The existing structure information acquisition unit 12 is arranged on the existing underground space structure component 7, and includes but is not limited to a structural stress sensor 121 and a structural deformation sensor 122, wherein the existing underground space structure component 7 includes an existing underground space structure bottom plate 71, an existing underground space structure top plate 72, an existing underground space structure vertical component 73 and a plain concrete cushion layer 74, the existing underground space structure bottom plate 71 and the existing underground space structure top plate 72 are connected through the existing underground space structure vertical component 73, and the plain concrete cushion layer 74 is located below the existing underground space structure bottom plate 71, the structural stress sensor 121 is used to obtain stress data of the existing underground space structure component 7, and the structural deformation sensor 122 is used to obtain deformation data of the existing underground space structure component 7;

[0057] The equipment information acquisition unit includes but is not limited to a jacking force sensor 131, which is used to obtain technical parameters of the jacking equipment during construction, wherein the jacking equipment includes a jacking iron member 81, a hydraulic jack 82, a steel structure portal frame 83 for jacking reaction force, and a jacking reaction force base 84, the lower surface of the jacking iron member 81 is in contact with the upper surface of the jacking machine head casing 91, the hydraulic jack 82 is located above the jacking iron member 81 and below the steel structure portal frame 83 for jacking reaction force, the steel structure portal frame 83 for jacking reaction force is connected to the existing underground space structure top plate 72 through the jacking reaction force base 84, and the jacking force sensor 131 is arranged on the hydraulic jack 82 and is used to obtain jacking force data of the jack;

[0058] The formation information acquisition unit 14 includes but is not limited to a formation pressure sensor 141 and a formation strain sensor 142. The formation pressure sensor 141 is buried in the formation surrounding the pipe jacking construction area and is used to obtain formation pressure data. The formation strain sensor 142 is buried in the formation surrounding the pipe jacking construction area and is used to obtain formation strain data.

[0059] The information transmission module 2 is used to establish remote data connection and transmission between modules and units;

[0060] The data processing module 4 includes a data preprocessing unit 41 and a data analysis unit 42; wherein the data preprocessing unit 41 is used to preprocess the original data obtained by the information acquisition module 1, and the data analysis unit 42 is used to perform operations on the data processed by the data preprocessing unit 41 and obtain analysis results;

[0061] The intelligent prediction module 5 is used to input the data processed by the data preprocessing unit 41 into a pre-trained neural network model and output the construction control quantity;

[0062] The data storage module 3 is used to store the data processed by the data pre-processing unit 41, the analysis results output by the data processing module 4 and the construction control quantity output by the intelligent prediction module 5;

[0063] The feedback control module 6 includes an early warning unit 61 and a control unit 62; wherein, the early warning unit 61 is used to determine whether to control the alarm installed on the steel structure portal frame 83 for the jacking reaction force to trigger an alarm based on the analysis results of the data analysis unit 42; the control unit 62 is used to control the jacking equipment and the jacking machine head casing 91 based on the construction control quantity output by the intelligent prediction module 5.

[0064] In a specific implementation, the construction control variables include but are not limited to the posture of the pipe jacking machine head casing 91 , the jacking force and jacking speed of the hydraulic jack 82 .

[0065] In a specific implementation, the pipe segment 92 is transported to the pipe jacking construction area for construction after being prefabricated in the factory; the factory prefabrication process includes but is not limited to assembling a fixed steel mold, mechanical vibration pouring and high-temperature steam curing.

[0066] The second aspect of this application discloses Figures 2 to 10 The pipe jacking construction and measurement and control method for the existing underground space expansion project shown includes the following steps:

[0067] S100, reinforcement of the pipe jacking construction area: Measure and locate the pipe jacking construction area, the tensile anchor drilling position, and the grouting reinforcement drilling position of the existing underground space structure floor 71; drill downward at the tensile anchor drilling position and insert the tensile anchor 76, then fill the gap between the tensile anchor and the hole wall with grouting material; drill downward at the grouting reinforcement drilling position and perform double-liquid grouting on the underlying stratum of the existing underground space structure floor 71 to form a double-liquid grouting reinforcement area 75;

[0068] S200, excavating a hole in the existing underground space structure floor: After the tensile anchor rods 76 and the double-liquid grouting reinforcement area 75 are tested and found to meet the design strength requirements, the existing underground space structure floor 71 and the plain concrete cushion layer 74 in the pipe jacking construction area are excavated to form a hole. The excavation interface 78 of the hole is formed into a groove with a larger upper portion and a smaller lower portion, and a neoprene rubber cord rubber sheet 77 is installed on the excavation interface 78;

[0069] S300, the jacking of the head casing of the pipe jacking machine and its measurement and control: the head casing of the pipe jacking machine 91 is placed vertically downward in the pipe jacking construction area, and the jacking iron member 81, the hydraulic jack 82, the steel structure portal frame 83 for the pipe jacking reaction force and the pipe jacking reaction force base 84 required for the pipe jacking construction are installed in place; then the hydraulic jack 82 applies a vertical downward jacking force to the head casing of the pipe jacking machine 91; at this time, the jacking reaction force that interacts with the jacking force is sequentially applied through the steel structure portal frame 83 for the pipe jacking reaction force and the pipe jacking reaction force base 84. The force base is transmitted upward to the top plate 72 of the existing underground space structure; in a specific implementation, when the head casing 91 of the pipe jacking machine moves downward under the action of the jacking force and penetrates the stratum, the cord rubber plate 77 is squeezed and enters the gap between the head casing 91 of the pipe jacking machine and the hole, which helps to prevent the formation water from seeping into the existing underground space through the gap during construction; during the jacking of the head casing of the pipe jacking machine, the jacking force, the internal force and deformation of the existing underground space structure, and the formation pressure and strain are monitored and controlled in real time through the measurement and control system of the existing underground space expansion project;

[0070] S400, downward jacking operation and its measurement and control: the head casing 91 of the pipe jacking machine moves downward to a predetermined position under the action of the jacking force and then stops jacking, the jacking member 81 and the hydraulic jack 82 are lifted upward, and then the pipe section 92 is placed on the head casing 91 of the pipe jacking machine and under the jacking member 81, and the pipe section 92 is tightly connected to the head casing 91 of the pipe jacking machine; then the jacking member 81 and the hydraulic jack 82 are moved downward until the jacking member 81 contacts the pipe section 92, and a vertical downward jacking force is applied to the pipe section 92 by the hydraulic jack 82; the pipe section 92 and the head casing 91 of the pipe jacking machine are moved downward to a predetermined position under the action of the jacking force and then stops jacking, and ... then under the jacking member The component 81 and the hydraulic jack 82 are lifted upward, and then the second pipe segment 92 is placed on the pipe segment 92 and under the top iron component 81, and the second pipe segment 92 is tightly connected to the pipe segment 92; then the top iron component 81 and the hydraulic jack 82 are moved downward until the top iron component 81 contacts the second pipe segment 92, and a vertical downward jacking force is applied to the second pipe segment 92 by the hydraulic jack 82; the above operation is repeated to achieve continuous downward jacking operation until the design depth required for pump room construction is reached; during the downward jacking operation, the consistency of the pipe segment axis, the jacking force, the internal force and deformation of the existing underground space structure, and the formation pressure and strain are monitored and controlled in real time by the existing underground space expansion project measurement and control system;

[0071] S500, dismantling the pipe jacking construction equipment: dismantle the jacking iron member 81, the hydraulic jack 82, the pipe reaction steel structure portal frame 83, and the pipe jacking reaction base 84, and dismantle the core devices such as the motor placed inside the pipe jacking machine head casing 91, lift them out, and recycle them; the pipe jacking machine head casing 91 is directly used as the permanent bottom structure of the newly added pump room;

[0072] S600, sealing treatment of the top pipe connection part: grouting is performed to fill the gap between the pipe section 92 and the hole, and then the curtain rubber plate 77 is removed; after the construction of the deep pump room structure is completed, shrinkage compensating concrete 93 is used to cast the connection part between the pipe section 92 at the hole and the existing underground space structure bottom plate 71.

[0073] In specific implementation, the waste soil generated during the construction process is transported to the non-construction area through a screw machine and a conveyor belt.

[0074] In a specific implementation, in step S400, for the measurement and control of the consistency of the pipe segment axes, considering that factors such as insufficient pipe segment connection quality and formation heterogeneity may lead to inconsistent axes between adjacent pipe segments, it is necessary to monitor the relative opening and closing degree, relative misalignment degree, and relative rotation degree between adjacent pipe segments in real time during pipe segment connection and jacking. To this end, the three-dimensional relative displacements between adjacent pipe segments are obtained by the joint measuring sensor 111, including the axial relative displacement ΔD1, the radial relative displacement ΔD2, and the tangential relative displacement ΔD3, and satisfy the following expression:

[0075]

[0076] Wherein, [ΔD1] is the axial relative displacement limit, [ΔD2] is the radial relative displacement limit, and [ΔD3] is the tangential relative displacement limit;

[0077] During the pipe segment connection, when the data processing module 4 determines after analysis that the axial relative displacement ΔD1, radial relative displacement ΔD2, or tangential relative displacement ΔD3 between adjacent pipe segments 92 exceeds the limit, the feedback control module 6 transmits a command to the alarm and triggers the alarm until the pipe segment connection position and posture are adjusted to meet the requirements;

[0078] During the pipe jacking process, when the data processing module 4 determines, after analysis, that the axial relative displacement ΔD1, radial relative displacement ΔD2, or tangential relative displacement ΔD3 between adjacent pipe segments exceeds the limit, the feedback control module 6 transmits a command to the alarm and triggers the alarm, immediately stopping the jacking construction and taking corrective measures;

[0079] In a specific implementation, the axial relative displacement limit [ΔD1] is 2.0 mm, the radial relative displacement limit [ΔD2] is 20 mm, and the tangential relative displacement limit [ΔD3] is 15 mm. When constructing a typical pipe segment 92, the axial relative displacement ΔD1, radial relative displacement ΔD2, and tangential relative displacement ΔD3 measured under the most unfavorable conditions are 1.1 mm, 5.4 mm, and 1.9 mm, respectively. These satisfy the requirements of formula (1) and no alarm is triggered.

[0080] In the specific implementation, in step S300 and step S400, for the measurement and control of the jacking force, considering that the jacking force applied by the hydraulic jack 82 on the head casing 91 of the pipe jacking machine or the pipe segment 92 has a significant impact on the internal force of the pipe segment structure, the stress deformation of the stratum, and the internal force and deformation of the existing underground space structure, it is necessary to obtain the jacking force F of the hydraulic jack 82 through the jacking force sensor 131. a , jacking force F a Satisfies the following expression:

[0081] Fa =ΣF ai ≤[F a ] (2)

[0082] Among them, F ai is the top force of the nth jack, [F a ] is the jacking force limit;

[0083] When the data processing module 4 determines the jacking force F after analysis a When the limit is exceeded, the feedback control module 6 transmits the instruction to the alarm and triggers the alarm until the construction technical parameters of the hydraulic jack 82 are adjusted to meet the requirements;

[0084] Under typical working conditions in specific implementation, the jacking force F a is 1200kN, the jacking force limit [F a ] is 2000kN, which meets the requirements of formula (2).

[0085] In the specific implementation, in step S300 and step S400, for the measurement and control of the internal force and deformation of the existing underground space structure, considering the relationship between the jacking force F a The mutually interacting jacking reaction forces are sequentially transmitted to the existing underground space structural member 7 through the jacking reaction steel structure portal frame 83 and the jacking reaction base 84, which has a significant impact on its structural internal force and deformation. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor the internal force and deformation of the existing underground space structural member 7 respectively through the structural stress sensor 121 and the structural deformation sensor 122; when the data processing module 4 determines that the internal force and deformation of the existing underground space structural member 7 exceed the limit after analysis, the feedback control module 6 transmits the instruction to the alarm and triggers the alarm, and immediately stops the jacking construction and takes corrective measures.

[0086] In a specific implementation, a counterweight is temporarily added above the top plate of the existing underground space structure to reduce the adverse effects of the jacking reaction force on the internal force and deformation of the top plate of the existing underground space structure; the weight of the counterweight G w Satisfies the following expression:

[0087] G w =F a -G b (3)

[0088] Where, F a is the jacking force, G b is the weight of the top plate of the existing underground space structure;

[0089] Under typical working conditions, the jacking force F a is 1200kN, the weight of the top plate of the existing underground space structure Gb is 50 kN, and the weight G of the counterweight is calculated according to formula (3): w It is 1150kN.

[0090] In the specific implementation, in step S300 and step S400, for monitoring the formation pressure and strain, the formation pressure and strain around the pipe jacking construction area are monitored by the formation pressure sensor 141 and the formation strain sensor 142, so as to grasp the surrounding formation conditions during the construction in real time.

[0091] In the specific implementation, in step S300 and step S400, for real-time control of construction, the data processed by the data preprocessing unit 41 is input into the intelligent prediction module 5 and the current construction control quantity is predicted, and then the jacking equipment and the jacking machine head casing 91 are controlled through the feedback control module 6.

[0092] It can be seen that by creatively developing a downward jacking construction method, the top plate of the existing underground space structure is fully utilized as a reaction support and the characteristics of soft soil and water-rich strata that are easy to excavate but difficult to support are fully utilized; by adopting a downward jacking construction method inside the existing underground space, the risk of foundation pit excavation under the narrow site conditions of the existing underground space in soft soil and water-rich areas is avoided, and safe excavation operations are achieved under the protection of the jacking machine casing and pipe sections to form an underground space; by adopting prefabricated and assembled pipe sections and mechanized operations, the defects of cast-in-place construction of underground engineering structures are avoided, and the safety, efficiency and environmental protection of underground engineering construction are significantly improved; by monitoring the technical parameters of the jacking structure, the existing underground space structure, the jacking equipment and the surrounding strata, the various safety status indicators of the key parts of the engineering structure and the surrounding environment are controlled in real time; by adopting a neural network model to predict the current construction control quantity based on the measured technical parameters, the automation, intelligence, informatization, efficiency and accuracy of construction monitoring and control are achieved.

[0093] The above is a description of one or more embodiments of the present invention, and while the description is relatively specific and detailed, it should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art may make various modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. The existing underground space expansion project measurement and control system is characterized by: It includes an information acquisition module, an information transmission module, a data storage module, a data processing module, an intelligent prediction module and a feedback control module; the information acquisition module includes a pipe jacking information acquisition unit, an existing structure information acquisition unit, an equipment information acquisition unit and a formation information acquisition unit; The pipe jacking information acquisition unit includes but is not limited to a joint measuring sensor, which is used to obtain technical parameters of the pipe jacking structure during construction, wherein the pipe jacking structure is composed of a pipe jacking machine head casing and a plurality of pipe segments, the pipe jacking machine head casing is a ground-breaking device located at the front end of the pipe jacking structure, the front end of the pipe segment is tightly connected to the rear end of the pipe jacking machine head casing, or two adjacent pipe segments are tightly connected end to end, and the joint measuring sensor is arranged between adjacent pipe segments and is used to obtain three-dimensional relative displacement data between adjacent pipe segments; The existing structure information acquisition unit is arranged on the existing underground space structure component, and includes but is not limited to a structural stress sensor and a structural deformation sensor, wherein the existing underground space structure component includes an existing underground space structure bottom plate, an existing underground space structure top plate, an existing underground space structure vertical component and a plain concrete cushion layer, the existing underground space structure bottom plate and the existing underground space structure top plate are connected through the existing underground space structure vertical component, the plain concrete cushion layer is located below the existing underground space structure bottom plate, the structural stress sensor is used to obtain stress data of the existing underground space structure component, and the structural deformation sensor is used to obtain deformation data of the existing underground space structure component; The equipment information acquisition unit includes but is not limited to a jacking force sensor, which is used to obtain technical parameters of the jacking equipment during construction, wherein the jacking equipment includes a jacking iron member, a hydraulic jack, a steel structure portal frame for jacking pipe reaction and a jacking pipe reaction base, the lower surface of the jacking iron member is in contact with the upper surface of the head casing of the jacking machine, the hydraulic jack is located above the jacking iron member and below the steel structure portal frame for jacking pipe reaction, the steel structure portal frame for jacking pipe reaction is connected to the top plate of the existing underground space structure through the jacking pipe reaction base, and the jacking force sensor is arranged on the hydraulic jack and is used to obtain jacking force data of the hydraulic jack; The formation information acquisition unit includes but is not limited to a formation pressure sensor and a formation strain sensor. The formation pressure sensor is buried in the formation surrounding the pipe jacking construction area and is used to obtain formation pressure data. The formation strain sensor is buried in the formation surrounding the pipe jacking construction area and is used to obtain formation strain data. The information transmission module is used to establish remote data connection and transmission between each module and each unit; The data processing module includes a data preprocessing unit and a data analysis unit; wherein the data preprocessing unit is used to preprocess the raw data obtained by the information acquisition module, and the data analysis unit is used to perform operations on the data processed by the data preprocessing unit and obtain analysis results; The intelligent prediction module is used to input the data processed by the data preprocessing unit into a pre-trained neural network model and output the construction control quantity; The data storage module is used to store the data processed by the data pre-processing unit, the analysis results output by the data processing module and the construction control quantity output by the intelligent prediction module; The feedback control module includes an early warning unit and a control unit; wherein, the early warning unit is used to determine whether to control the alarm installed on the steel structure portal frame for the jacking reaction force to trigger an alarm based on the analysis results of the data analysis unit; the control unit is used to control the jacking equipment and the head casing of the jacking machine based on the construction control quantity output by the intelligent prediction module.

2. The existing underground space expansion project measurement and control system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The construction control quantities include but are not limited to the posture of the head casing of the pipe jacking machine, the jacking force and jacking speed of the hydraulic jack.

3. A pipe jacking construction and measurement and control method for an existing underground space expansion project, characterized in that: The measurement and control system for the existing underground space expansion project according to any one of claims 1-2 is used to monitor and control the jacking construction work, including the following steps: S100, reinforcement of the pipe jacking construction area: measuring and locating the pipe jacking construction area, the tensile anchor drilling position, and the grouting reinforcement drilling position of the existing underground space structure floor; drilling downwards at the tensile anchor drilling position and inserting the tensile anchor, then filling the gap between the tensile anchor and the hole wall with grouting material; drilling downwards at the grouting reinforcement drilling position and performing double-liquid grouting on the underlying stratum of the existing underground space structure floor to form a double-liquid grouting reinforcement area; S200, excavating a hole in the existing underground space structure floor: After the tensile anchor rods and the double-liquid grouting reinforcement area are tested to meet the design strength requirements, the existing underground space structure floor and the plain concrete cushion layer in the jacking pipe construction area are excavated to form a hole. The excavated interface of the hole is formed into a groove with a larger upper portion and a smaller lower portion, and a chloroprene rubber cord rubber sheet is installed on the excavated interface. S300, jacking of the head casing of the pipe jacking machine and its measurement and control: the head casing of the pipe jacking machine is placed vertically downward in the pipe jacking construction area, and the jacking iron components, the hydraulic jack, the steel portal frame for the pipe jacking reaction force, and the pipe jacking reaction force base required for the pipe jacking construction are installed in place; then a vertical downward jacking force is applied to the head casing of the pipe jacking machine through the hydraulic jack; at this time, the jacking reaction force, which interacts with the jacking force, is transmitted upward to the top plate of the existing underground space structure in sequence through the steel portal frame for the pipe jacking reaction force and the pipe jacking reaction force base; during the jacking of the head casing of the pipe jacking machine, the jacking force, the stress and deformation of the existing underground space structure, and the stratum pressure and strain are monitored and controlled in real time through the measurement and control system of the existing underground space expansion project; S400, downward jacking operation and its measurement and control: the head casing of the pipe jacking machine moves downward to a predetermined position under the action of the jacking force, and then the jacking is stopped, the jacking member and the hydraulic jack are lifted upward, and then the pipe section is placed on the head casing of the pipe jacking machine and under the jacking member, and the pipe section is tightly connected to the head casing of the pipe jacking machine; then the jacking member and the hydraulic jack are moved downward until the jacking member contacts the pipe section, and a vertical downward jacking force is applied to the pipe section by the hydraulic jack; the pipe section and the head casing of the pipe jacking machine are moved downward to a predetermined position under the action of the jacking force, and then the jacking is stopped, and the jacking member and The hydraulic jack is lifted upward, and then the second pipe segment is placed above the pipe segment and below the jacking iron member, and the second pipe segment is tightly connected to the pipe segment; the jacking iron member and the hydraulic jack are then moved downward until the jacking iron member contacts the second pipe segment, and a vertical downward jacking force is applied to the second pipe segment by the hydraulic jack; the above operation is repeated to achieve continuous downward jacking operation until the designed depth required for pump room construction is reached; during the downward jacking operation, the consistency of the pipe segment axis, the jacking force, the stress and deformation of the existing underground space structure, and the formation pressure and strain are monitored and controlled in real time by the existing underground space expansion project measurement and control system; S500, dismantling the pipe jacking construction equipment: dismantling the jacking iron components, the hydraulic jacks, the pipe jacking reaction steel portal frame, and the pipe jacking reaction base, and dismantling the motor placed inside the casing of the pipe jacking machine head, lifting it out, and recycling it; the casing of the pipe jacking machine head is directly used as the permanent bottom structure of the newly added pump room; S600, sealing treatment of the top pipe connection part: grouting is performed to fill the gap between the pipe section and the hole, and then the curtain rubber plate is removed; after the construction of the deep pump room structure is completed, shrinkage compensating concrete is used to cast the connection part between the pipe section at the hole and the bottom plate of the existing underground space structure.

4. The pipe jacking construction and measurement and control method for an existing underground space expansion project according to claim 3 is characterized in that: In step S300, when the head casing of the pipe jacking machine moves downward under the action of the jacking force and penetrates the formation, the cord rubber sheet is squeezed and enters the gap between the head casing of the pipe jacking machine and the hole, which is helpful to prevent the formation water from seeping into the existing underground space through the gap during construction.

5. The pipe jacking construction and measurement and control method for an existing underground space expansion project according to claim 3 is characterized in that: In step S400, for the measurement and control of the consistency of the pipe segment axis, the three-dimensional relative displacement between adjacent pipe segments is obtained by the joint measuring sensor, including the axial relative displacement ΔD 1 , radial relative displacement ΔD 2 and tangential relative displacement ΔD 3 , and satisfies the following expression: in,[ ΔD 1 ] is the axial relative displacement limit, [ ΔD 2 ] is the radial relative displacement limit, [ ΔD 3 ] is the tangential relative displacement limit; During the pipe segment connection, when the data processing module determines the axial relative displacement between adjacent pipe segments after analysis Δ D 1 , radial relative displacement ΔD 2 or tangential relative displacement ΔD 3 When the limit is exceeded, the feedback control module transmits the instruction to the alarm and triggers the alarm until the connection position and posture of the pipe joint are adjusted to meet the requirements; During the pipe jacking process, the data processing module determines the relative axial displacement between adjacent pipe segments after analysis. Δ D 1 , radial relative displacement ΔD 2 or tangential relative displacement ΔD 3 When the limit is exceeded, the feedback control module transmits the instruction to the alarm and triggers the alarm, and the jacking construction is immediately stopped and corrective measures are taken.

6. The pipe jacking construction and measurement and control method for an existing underground space expansion project according to claim 3 is characterized in that: In step S300 and step S400, for the measurement and control of the jacking force, the jacking force of the hydraulic jack is obtained through the jacking force sensor. F a , jacking force F a Satisfies the following expression: in, F ai For the i The jacking force of a hydraulic jack, F a ] is the jacking force limit; When the data processing module determines the jacking force after analysis F a When the limit is exceeded, the feedback control module transmits the instruction to the alarm and triggers the alarm until the construction technical parameters of the hydraulic jack are adjusted to meet the requirements.

7. The pipe jacking construction and measurement and control method for an existing underground space expansion project according to claim 3 is characterized in that: In step S300 and step S400, for the measurement and control of the stress and deformation of the existing underground space structure, the stress and deformation of the existing underground space structural components are monitored respectively by the structural stress sensor and the structural deformation sensor; When the data processing module determines after analysis that the stress and deformation of the existing underground space structural components exceed the limit, the feedback control module transmits the instruction to the alarm and triggers the alarm, and immediately stops the jacking construction and takes corrective measures.

8. The pipe jacking construction and measurement and control method for an existing underground space expansion project according to claim 3 is characterized in that: In step S300 and step S400, for monitoring the formation pressure and strain, the formation pressure and strain around the pipe jacking construction area are monitored by the formation pressure sensor and the formation strain sensor, so as to grasp the surrounding formation conditions during the construction in real time.

9. The pipe jacking construction and measurement and control method for an existing underground space expansion project according to claim 3 is characterized in that: In step S300 and step S400, the data processed by the data preprocessing unit is input into the intelligent prediction module and the current construction control quantity is predicted, and then the jacking equipment and the head casing of the pipe jacking machine are controlled by the feedback control module.

10. The pipe jacking construction and measurement and control method for an existing underground space expansion project according to claim 3 is characterized in that: In step S300 and step S400, a counterweight is temporarily added above the top plate of the existing underground space structure to reduce the adverse effects of the jacking reaction force on the stress and deformation of the top plate of the existing underground space structure; the weight of the counterweight is G w Satisfies the following expression: G w = F a - G b Where, F a is the jacking force, G b is the weight of the top plate of the existing underground space structure.

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