Roadway system and treatment method for improving deformation of water-rich soft rock roadway bottom plate

Abstract

The invention provides a roadway system and a treatment method for improving deformation of a water-rich soft rock roadway bottom plate, the roadway system comprises a roadway body, a pressure relief part, a top plate fracturing part, a plurality of stress blocking devices and two water plugging devices, the pressure relief part is arranged at the solid coal side of the roadway body, and the top plate fracturing part is arranged at the bottom plate of the roadway body. A first included angle A is formed between the extension direction of the pressure relief part and the extension direction of the roadway body; the top plate fracturing part is arranged at a top plate above a coal pillar of the roadway body, and a second included angle B is formed between the extension direction of the top plate fracturing part and the extension direction of the roadway body; the multiple stress blocking devices are distributed in bottom plate soft rock of a roadway bottom plate in the extending direction of the roadway body in a staggered mode. The two water plugging devices are arranged at the bottom corners of the solid coal sides on the two sides of the roadway body correspondingly, and the two water plugging devices extend in the extending direction of the roadway body. The problem that in the prior art, a roadway system and a treatment method cannot effectively reduce expansion weakening of water to bottom plate soft rock is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel body treatment, and in particular to a tunnel system and a treatment method for improving deformation of a bottom plate of a water-rich soft rock tunnel. Background Art

[0002] In order to meet the needs of social and economic development, coal resource development is mainly carried out in the middle and eastern mining areas such as western Shandong and central Hebei. However, with the gradual depletion of coal resources in the middle and eastern mining areas, coal resource development has gradually shifted to western mining areas such as the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and Ningxia. Due to the unique stratigraphic structure and diagenetic environment of the western mining areas, the roadway floor in the western mining areas is severely deformed, which seriously restricts the safe production of mines. Lithology, surrounding rock seepage, horizontal extrusion pressure, etc. are key factors affecting the degree of deformation of the roadway floor. Among them, surrounding rock seepage often manifests itself in the form of roof water dripping and side seepage, causing serious water accumulation in the roadway floor. Due to the expansion and weakening effect of water on the soft rock of the floor, the strength of the soft rock of the floor is reduced and the volume expansion increases, which eventually causes serious deformation of the roadway floor under the action of horizontal extrusion pressure.

[0003] At present, reinforcement method and pressure relief method are often used in tunnel floor deformation control technology. These methods have played a certain role in controlling the deformation of tunnel floor, but most of these methods consider the force source factors that cause the deformation of tunnel floor, and give less consideration to the expansion and weakening effect of surrounding rock seepage on the soft rock of tunnel floor, which leads to poor long-term control effect of tunnel floor deformation.

[0004] In the prior art, some methods for preventing and controlling the bottom drum of soft rock tunnels with strong water absorption and expansion are to drill holes in the bottom plate, fill the holes with quicklime, and lay quicklime on the bottom plate rock layer to reduce the expansion and weakening effect of water on the soft rock, thereby controlling the deformation of the tunnel bottom plate; some methods for dealing with the bottom drum of underground coal mine tunnels are to set up a water pipe network in the rock layer of the tunnel bottom plate to drain water, so as to weaken the erosion effect of water on the rock layer of the tunnel bottom plate, thereby reducing the occurrence of the bottom drum problem of the tunnel body; some methods for preventing and controlling the bottom drum of soft rock tunnels with strong water absorption and expansion are to reduce the water content in the rock layer by quicklime, thereby weakening the expansion and weakening effect of water on the soft rock of the bottom plate, but the reaction of quicklime and water will release a large amount of heat, which may become one of the heat sources for inducing mine fires, affecting the safe production of mines, and at the same time, the long-term effect of using quicklime to absorb water is poor. Summary of the invention

[0005] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a tunnel system and a treatment method for improving the deformation of the bottom plate of a water-rich soft rock tunnel, so as to solve the problem that the tunnel system and treatment method in the prior art cannot effectively reduce the expansion and weakening of the bottom plate soft rock by water.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a tunnel system, comprising a tunnel body, a pressure relief portion, a roof fracturing portion, a plurality of stress blocking devices and two water blocking devices, wherein the pressure relief portion is arranged at the solid coal wall of the tunnel body, and the extension direction of the pressure relief portion and the extension direction of the tunnel body have a first angle A; the roof fracturing portion is arranged at the roof above the coal pillar of the tunnel body, and the extension direction of the roof fracturing portion and the extension direction of the tunnel body have a second angle B; the plurality of stress blocking devices are staggeredly distributed in the bottom soft rock of the tunnel floor along the extension direction of the tunnel body; the two water blocking devices are respectively arranged at the bottom corners of the solid coal wall on both sides of the tunnel body, and the two water blocking devices both extend along the extension direction of the tunnel body.

[0007] Furthermore, the stress blocking device includes a support frame, a stress sensor, a pressure relief airbag, a gas generator and a first control module, wherein the support frame has a accommodating cavity, and the cavity wall of the accommodating cavity has a hollow area; the stress sensor is arranged in the accommodating cavity to detect the stress value of the tunnel body in real time; the pressure relief airbag is arranged in the hollow area; the gas generator is arranged in the accommodating cavity; the first control module is connected to the stress sensor signal, and the first control module sends a first prompt signal according to the stress information obtained by the stress sensor; the tunnel system also includes a control terminal, the control terminal is connected to the gas generator control, the control terminal controls the gas generator to start according to the first prompt signal, and the gas generator is connected to the pressure relief airbag to make the pressure relief airbag expand outward.

[0008] Furthermore, the tunnel system also includes a waterproof isolation structure, which is arranged on the soft rock of the bottom plate; in the direction away from the soft rock of the bottom plate, the waterproof isolation structure sequentially includes a flexible waterproof layer and an impermeable concrete layer; the surface of the impermeable concrete layer away from the soft rock of the bottom plate has a slope of 3 / 1000 to 4 / 1000, and a water flow trough is opened at the bottom position of the impermeable concrete layer; wherein the water flow trough extends along the extension direction of the tunnel body, and the water flow trough is connected to the water collection device.

[0009] Furthermore, the tunnel system also includes multiple drainage devices, which are staggered and distributed in the soft rock of the tunnel floor along the extension direction of the tunnel body, and the water collecting columns of each drainage device are used to collect water within a preset depth range of the soft rock of the floor.

[0010] Furthermore, the drainage device includes a water collecting column, a water level sensor, a drainage pipe, a pump body structure and a second control module, wherein the pipe wall of the water collecting column has seepage holes, and the seepage holes are used to collect water within a preset depth range of the soft rock of the bottom plate; the water level sensor is arranged on the pipe wall of the water collecting column to detect the water level in the water collecting column; the first end of the drainage pipe is extended into the bottom of the water collecting column, and the second end of the drainage pipe is located outside the water collecting column; the pump body structure is connected to the second end of the drainage pipe; the second control module is connected to the water level sensor signal, and the second control module sends a second prompt signal according to the water level information obtained by the water level sensor; the tunnel system also includes a control terminal, which is control-connected to the pump body structure, and the control terminal controls the pump body structure to start drainage according to the second prompt signal.

[0011] According to another aspect of the present invention, a treatment method for improving the deformation of the bottom plate of a water-rich soft rock tunnel is provided, which is used for the above-mentioned tunnel system. The treatment method includes setting a pressure relief portion at the solid coal wall of the tunnel body, and making the extension direction of the pressure relief portion have a first angle A with the extension direction of the tunnel body, so as to cut off the transmission path of the mine pressure above the solid coal wall to the bottom plate rock layer; setting a roof fracture portion at the roof above the coal pillar, and making the extension direction of the roof fracture portion have a second angle B with the extension direction of the tunnel body, so as to cut off the roof rock layer above the coal pillar, and cut off the transmission path of the mine pressure above the coal pillar to the bottom plate rock layer; distributing a plurality of stress blocking devices in the bottom plate soft rock of the tunnel bottom plate along the extension direction of the tunnel body, so as to cut off the transmission path of the external stress to the bottom plate surface; and setting two water blocking devices at the bottom corners of the solid coal wall on both sides of the tunnel body, and making the two water blocking devices extend along the extension direction of the tunnel body.

[0012] Furthermore, the processing method also includes a stress sensor of the stress blocking device detecting the stress value of the tunnel floor in real time; when the stress sensor detects that the stress value of the tunnel floor is less than a first preset value, the stress blocking device cuts off the transmission path of the stress to the floor rock formation through the support frame; when the stress sensor detects that the stress value of the tunnel floor is not less than the first preset value, the first control module sends a first prompt signal according to the stress information obtained by the stress sensor to prompt the underground staff to operate the control terminal; the gas generator of the stress blocking device receives the first control signal of the control terminal and starts, so that the pressure relief airbag of the stress blocking device expands outward, and squeezes and crushes the floor rock mass around the support frame to cut off the transmission path of the stress to the floor rock formation.

[0013] Furthermore, the treatment method also includes setting a waterproof isolation structure on the bottom plate soft rock, and setting the surface of the waterproof isolation structure away from the bottom plate soft rock to an inclined surface, and opening a water flow trough at the bottom position of the inclined surface; setting the extension direction of the water flow trough to be consistent with the extension direction of the tunnel body, and connecting the water flow trough with the water collection device.

[0014] Furthermore, the surface of the waterproof isolation structure facing away from the soft rock of the bottom plate is set to have a slope of 3 / 1000 to 4 / 1000.

[0015] Furthermore, multiple drainage devices are staggered and distributed in the soft rock of the bottom plate of the tunnel along the extension direction of the tunnel body, and the water collecting column of each drainage device is used to collect water within a preset depth range of the soft rock of the bottom plate; when the water level sensor of the drainage device detects that the water level in the water collecting column reaches a second preset value, the second control module sends a second prompt signal based on the water level information obtained by the water level sensor to prompt the underground staff to operate the control terminal; the pump body structure of the drainage device receives the second control signal of the control terminal and starts, so that the pump body structure discharges the water in the water collecting column.

[0016] By applying the technical solution of the present invention, a tunnel system is provided, comprising a tunnel body, a pressure relief portion, a roof fracturing portion, a plurality of stress blocking devices and two water blocking devices, wherein the pressure relief portion is arranged at the solid coal wall of the tunnel body, and the extension direction of the pressure relief portion and the extension direction of the tunnel body have a first angle A; the roof fracturing portion is arranged at the roof above the coal pillar of the tunnel body, and the extension direction of the roof fracturing portion and the extension direction of the tunnel body have a second angle B; the plurality of stress blocking devices are staggeredly distributed in the bottom soft rock of the tunnel bottom plate along the extension direction of the tunnel body; the two water blocking devices are respectively arranged at the bottom corners of the solid coal wall on both sides of the tunnel body, and the two water blocking devices both extend along the extension direction of the tunnel body.

[0017] By setting a pressure relief part at the solid coal wall of the tunnel body, the transmission path of the mine pressure above the solid coal wall to the bottom rock layer is cut off, and a roof fracturing part is set at the roof above the coal pillar of the tunnel body, the roof rock layer above the coal pillar is cut off, and the transmission path of the mine pressure above the coal pillar to the bottom rock layer is cut off; in addition, multiple stress blocking devices are staggered and distributed in the bottom soft rock of the tunnel floor along the extension direction of the tunnel body, which is conducive to cutting off the transmission path of the external stress continuing to be transmitted to the bottom surface, and two water blocking devices are respectively set at the bottom corners of the solid coal walls on both sides of the tunnel body, and the two water blocking devices extend along the extension direction of the tunnel body, so as to prevent the seepage water at the bottom corners of the solid coal walls on both sides of the tunnel body from falling to the bottom soft rock, thereby reducing the expansion and softening effect of water on the bottom soft rock.

[0018] The present application effectively controls the deformation of the tunnel floor from two perspectives: force source factors and water source factors. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 A partial structural schematic diagram of a tunnel system according to an optional embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0021] Figure 2 Shows Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of the stress blocking device of the roadway system;

[0022] Figure 3 Shows Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of the stress blocking device from a top view;

[0023] Figure 4 Shows Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the drainage device of the laneway system;

[0024] Figure 5 Shows Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure in which the waterproof isolation structure of the tunnel system is located on the soft rock of the bottom plate;

[0025] Figure 6 Shows Figure 1 Schematic diagram of overhead view of the stress-breaking device and drainage device at the bottom plate of the tunnel.

[0026] The above drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0027] 1. Pressure relief part; 2. Top plate cracking part;

[0028] 3. Stress blocking device; 31. Support frame; 32. First control module; 33. Stress sensor; 34. Pressure relief airbag; 35. Gas generator; 36. Control terminal;

[0029] 4. Water blocking device;

[0030] 5. Waterproof isolation structure; 52. Flexible waterproof layer; 53. Anti-seepage concrete layer;

[0031] 6. Drainage device; 61. Water collecting column; 611. Water seepage hole; 62. Water level sensor; 63. Drain pipe; 64. Pump structure;

[0032] 7. Water flow trough; 8. Tunnel body; 9. Soft rock on the bottom plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is by no means intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] In order to solve the problem that the tunnel system and treatment method in the prior art cannot effectively reduce the expansion and weakening of the bottom soft rock 9 caused by water, the present invention provides a tunnel system and a treatment method for improving the deformation of the bottom of a water-rich soft rock tunnel.

[0035] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the tunnel system includes a tunnel body 8, a pressure relief portion 1, a roof fracturing portion 2, a plurality of stress blocking devices 3 and two water blocking devices 4, wherein the pressure relief portion 1 is arranged at the solid coal seam of the tunnel body 8, and the extension direction of the pressure relief portion 1 has a first angle A with the extension direction of the tunnel body 8; the roof fracturing portion 2 is arranged at the roof above the coal pillar of the tunnel body 8, and the extension direction of the roof fracturing portion 2 has a second angle B with the extension direction of the tunnel body 8; a plurality of stress blocking devices 3 are staggeredly distributed in the bottom plate soft rock 9 of the tunnel bottom plate along the extension direction of the tunnel body 8; the two water blocking devices 4 are respectively arranged at the bottom corners of the solid coal seams on both sides of the tunnel body 8, and the two water blocking devices 4 both extend along the extension direction of the tunnel body 8.

[0036] By setting a pressure relief portion 1 at the solid coal wall of the tunnel body 8, the transmission path of the mine pressure above the solid coal wall to the bottom rock layer is cut off, and a roof fracturing portion 2 is set at the roof above the coal pillar of the tunnel body 8, thereby cutting off the roof rock layer above the coal pillar and cutting off the transmission path of the mine pressure above the coal pillar to the bottom rock layer; in addition, a plurality of stress blocking devices 3 are staggered and distributed in the bottom soft rock 9 of the tunnel bottom along the extension direction of the tunnel body 8, which is conducive to cutting off the transmission path of the external stress continuing to be transmitted to the bottom surface, and two water blocking devices 4 are respectively set at the bottom corners of the solid coal walls on both sides of the tunnel body 8, and the two water blocking devices 4 extend along the extension direction of the tunnel body 8, so as to prevent the seepage water at the bottom corners of the solid coal walls on both sides of the tunnel body 8 from falling to the bottom soft rock 9, thereby reducing the expansion and softening effect of water on the bottom soft rock 9.

[0037] It should be noted that the first angle A is 90°. Since the roof fracturing portion 2 can only be operated in an inclined direction through hydraulic fracturing, the second angle B is 0-180° to ensure that the roof fracturing portion 2 extends in the inclined direction.

[0038] The present application effectively controls the deformation of the tunnel floor from two perspectives: force source factors and water source factors.

[0039] It should be noted that, in the present application, the pressure relief part 1 is a pressure relief hole opened on the solid coal seam, which is a pressure relief hole drilled with a large diameter, and the roof fracturing part 2 destroys the integrity of the roof rock layer above the coal pillar by hydraulic fracturing, thereby cutting off the stress transfer path from the mine pressure above the coal pillar to the bottom rock layer.

[0040] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the stress blocking device 3 includes a support frame 31, a stress sensor 33, a pressure relief airbag 34, a gas generator 35 and a first control module 32, wherein the support frame 31 has a accommodating cavity, and the cavity wall of the accommodating cavity has a hollow area; the stress sensor 33 is arranged in the accommodating cavity to detect the stress value of the tunnel body 8 in real time; the pressure relief airbag 34 is arranged at the hollow area; the gas generator 35 is arranged in the accommodating cavity; the first control module 32 is connected to the stress sensor 33 by signal, and the first control module 32 sends a first prompt signal according to the stress information obtained by the stress sensor 33; the tunnel system also includes a control terminal 36, the control terminal 36 is control-connected to the gas generator 35, the control terminal 36 controls the gas generator 35 to start according to the first prompt signal, and the gas generator 35 is connected to the pressure relief airbag 34 to make the pressure relief airbag 34 expand outward. In this way, when the stress sensor 33 detects that the stress value of the tunnel floor is less than the first preset value, the stress blocking device 3 cuts off the transmission path of the stress to the floor rock layer through the support frame 31, thereby controlling the deformation of the tunnel floor; when the stress sensor 33 detects that the stress value of the tunnel floor is not less than the first preset value, the first control module 32 sends a first prompt signal according to the stress information obtained by the stress sensor 33 to prompt the underground staff to operate the control terminal 36; the gas generator 35 of the stress blocking device 3 receives the first control signal of the control terminal 36 and starts, so that the pressure relief airbag 34 of the stress blocking device 3 expands outward and squeezes and crushes the floor rock mass around the support frame 31, thereby cutting off the transmission path of the stress to the floor rock layer, the floor stress peak value is transferred to the deep part, and the rock mass on the floor surface is in the stress reduction zone. For different locations underground, the position of the stress blocking device 3 can be targeted and selectively controlled, thereby effectively and targetedly controlling the floor deformation of the tunnel body 8.

[0041] Optionally, the support frame 31 is a rigid frame.

[0042] Optionally, the water blocking device 4 is a water blocking material injected into the bottom corners of the solid coal walls on both sides of the tunnel body 8 to prevent water seepage from the solid coal walls from falling toward the bottom soft rock 9 and reduce the expansion and softening effect of water on the bottom soft rock 9.

[0043] like Figure 5As shown, the tunnel system also includes a waterproof isolation structure 5, which is arranged on the bottom soft rock 9; in the direction away from the bottom soft rock 9, the waterproof isolation structure 5 sequentially includes a flexible waterproof layer 52 and an impermeable concrete layer 53; the surface of the impermeable concrete layer 53 away from the bottom soft rock 9 has a slope of 3 / 1000 to 4 / 1000, and a water flow trough 7 is opened at the bottom position of the impermeable concrete layer 53; wherein the water flow trough 7 extends along the extension direction of the tunnel body 8, and the water flow trough 7 is connected to the water collection device. In this way, when water seepage from the surrounding rock in the form of water spraying from the roof falls onto the tunnel floor of the tunnel body 8, the waterproof isolation structure 5 can effectively prevent water from directly contacting the soft rock 9 of the floor, and reduce the expansion and softening effect of water on the soft rock 9 of the floor. Among them, the flexible waterproof layer 52 has good elasticity and ductility. Even if the tunnel floor of the tunnel body 8 is deformed and the impermeable concrete layer 53 is cracked, the waterproof isolation structure 5 can still effectively prevent water from contacting the soft rock of the floor, and reduce the expansion and softening effect of water on the soft rock of the floor 9.

[0044] Furthermore, the surface of the impermeable concrete layer 53 facing away from the soft rock 9 of the bottom plate has a slope of 3 / 1000 to 4 / 1000, and a water flow trough 7 is provided at the bottom of the impermeable concrete layer 53, so that the accumulated water on the bottom plate can automatically flow into the water flow trough 7 and flow along the water flow trough 7 to the water collection device.

[0045] Optionally, the water trough 7 may be the water trough 7 constructed during the mine development design stage.

[0046] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the tunnel system also includes a plurality of drainage devices 6, which are staggeredly distributed in the bottom soft rock 9 of the tunnel floor along the extension direction of the tunnel body 8, and the water collecting column of each drainage device 6 is used to collect water within a preset depth range of the bottom soft rock 9.

[0047] like Figure 4As shown, the drainage device 6 includes a water collecting column 61, a water level sensor 62, a drainage pipe 63, a pump body structure 64 and a second control module, wherein the pipe wall surface of the water collecting column 61 has a seepage hole 611, and the seepage hole 611 is used to collect water within a preset depth range of the bottom soft rock 9; the water level sensor 62 is arranged on the pipe wall surface of the water collecting column 61 to detect the water level in the water collecting column 61; the first end of the drainage pipe 63 extends into the bottom of the water collecting column 61, and the second end of the drainage pipe 63 is located outside the water collecting column 61; the pump body structure 64 is connected to the second end of the drainage pipe 63; the second control module is connected to the water level sensor 62 signal, and the second control module sends a second prompt signal according to the water level information obtained by the water level sensor 62; the tunnel system also includes a control terminal 36, the control terminal 36 is control-connected to the pump body structure 64, and the control terminal 36 controls the pump body structure 64 to start drainage according to the second prompt signal. In this way, the water seeping out of the bottom plate soft rock 9 is discharged in time, and the expansion weakening effect of the bottom plate water on the bottom plate soft rock 9 is reduced, thereby controlling the deformation of the tunnel bottom plate in terms of water source factors.

[0048] Optionally, the water in the above-mentioned preset depth range is water in the depth range of 2 to 3 m of the bottom soft rock 9 .

[0049] The present application provides a treatment method for improving the deformation of the bottom plate of a water-rich soft rock tunnel, which is used for the above-mentioned and below-mentioned tunnel systems. The treatment method includes setting a pressure relief portion 1 at the solid coal wall of the tunnel body 8, and making the extension direction of the pressure relief portion 1 have a first angle A with the extension direction of the tunnel body 8, so as to cut off the transmission path of the mine pressure above the solid coal wall to the bottom plate rock layer; setting a roof fracture portion 2 at the roof above the coal pillar, and making the extension direction of the roof fracture portion 2 have a second angle B with the extension direction of the tunnel body 8, so as to cut off the roof rock layer above the coal pillar, and cut off the transmission path of the mine pressure above the coal pillar to the bottom plate rock layer; distributing a plurality of stress blocking devices 3 in the bottom plate soft rock 9 of the tunnel bottom plate along the extension direction of the tunnel body 8, so as to cut off the transmission path of the external stress continuing to be transmitted to the bottom plate surface; and setting two water blocking devices 4 at the bottom corners of the solid coal walls on both sides of the tunnel body 8, respectively, and making the two water blocking devices 4 extend along the extension direction of the tunnel body 8.

[0050] By setting a pressure relief portion 1 at the solid coal wall of the tunnel body 8, the transmission path of the mine pressure above the solid coal wall to the bottom rock layer is cut off, and a roof fracturing portion 2 is set at the roof above the coal pillar of the tunnel body 8, thereby cutting off the roof rock layer above the coal pillar and cutting off the transmission path of the mine pressure above the coal pillar to the bottom rock layer; in addition, a plurality of stress blocking devices 3 are staggered and distributed in the bottom soft rock 9 of the tunnel bottom along the extension direction of the tunnel body 8, which is conducive to cutting off the transmission path of the external stress continuing to be transmitted to the bottom surface, and two water blocking devices 4 are respectively set at the bottom corners of the solid coal walls on both sides of the tunnel body 8, and the two water blocking devices 4 extend along the extension direction of the tunnel body 8, so as to prevent the seepage water at the bottom corners of the solid coal walls on both sides of the tunnel body 8 from falling to the bottom soft rock 9, thereby reducing the expansion and softening effect of water on the bottom soft rock 9.

[0051] Furthermore, the processing method also includes the stress sensor 33 of the stress blocking device 3 detecting the stress value of the tunnel floor in real time; when the stress sensor 33 detects that the stress value of the tunnel floor is less than the first preset value, the stress blocking device 3 cuts off the transmission path of the stress to the bottom plate rock formation through the support frame 31; when the stress sensor 33 detects that the stress value of the tunnel floor is not less than the first preset value, the first control module 32 sends a first prompt signal according to the stress information obtained by the stress sensor 33 to prompt the underground staff to operate the control terminal 36; the gas generator 35 of the stress blocking device 3 receives the first control signal of the control terminal 36 and starts, so that the pressure relief airbag 34 of the stress blocking device 3 expands outward, and squeezes and crushes the bottom plate rock mass around the support frame 31 to cut off the transmission path of the stress to the bottom plate rock formation.

[0052] Furthermore, the treatment method also includes setting a waterproof isolation structure 5 on the bottom soft rock 9, setting the surface of the waterproof isolation structure 5 away from the bottom soft rock 9 to an inclined surface, and opening a water flow trough 7 at the bottom position of the inclined surface; setting the extension direction of the water flow trough 7 to be consistent with the extension direction of the tunnel body 8, and connecting the water flow trough 7 with the water collection device. In this way, when the surrounding rock seepage in the form of top plate watering falls on the tunnel bottom plate of the tunnel body 8, the waterproof isolation structure 5 can effectively prevent the water from directly contacting the bottom soft rock 9, and reduce the expansion and softening effect of water on the bottom soft rock 9, wherein the flexible waterproof layer 52 has good expansion and ductility, even if the tunnel bottom plate of the tunnel body 8 is deformed to cause the anti-seepage concrete layer 53 to crack, the waterproof isolation structure 5 can still effectively prevent the water from contacting the bottom soft rock, and reduce the expansion and softening effect of water on the bottom soft rock 9.

[0053] Furthermore, the surface of the waterproof isolation structure 5 facing away from the bottom soft rock 9 is set to have a slope of 3 / 1000 to 4 / 1000.

[0054] Furthermore, multiple drainage devices 6 are staggered and distributed in the bottom soft rock 9 of the tunnel floor along the extension direction of the tunnel body 8, and the water collecting column 61 of each drainage device 6 is used to collect water within a preset depth range of the bottom soft rock 9; when the water level sensor 62 of the drainage device 6 detects that the water level in the water collecting column 61 reaches a second preset value, the second control module sends a second prompt signal according to the water level information obtained by the water level sensor 62 to prompt the underground staff to operate the control terminal 36; the pump body structure 64 of the drainage device 6 receives the second control signal of the control terminal 36 and starts, so that the pump body structure 64 discharges the water in the water collecting column 61. In this way, by timely discharging the water seeping from the bottom soft rock 9, the expansion and weakening effect of the bottom water on the bottom soft rock 9 is reduced, thereby controlling the deformation of the tunnel floor in terms of water source factors.

[0055] The method for treating the deformation of the bottom plate of the water-rich soft rock tunnel proposed in this application mainly adopts an integrated treatment method of "blocking-water blocking-detection-drainage" to isolate the direct contact between water and the bottom plate soft rock 9, greatly reduce the expansion and weakening effect of water on the bottom plate soft rock 9, and cut off the stress transfer path of the shallow surrounding rock of the bottom plate, thereby effectively controlling the deformation of the tunnel body.

[0056] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0057] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of the parts and steps described in these embodiments, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​do not limit the scope of the present invention. At the same time, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. The technology, method and equipment known to ordinary technicians in the relevant field may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the technology, method and equipment should be regarded as a part of the authorization specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as being merely exemplary, rather than as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so once a certain item is defined in an accompanying drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0058] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship between a device or feature and other devices or features as shown in the figure. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figure. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0059] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0060] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the numbers used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein.

[0061] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel system, characterized in that: include: Laneway body (8); A pressure relief portion (1), the pressure relief portion (1) being arranged at the solid coal seam of the tunnel body (8), and the extension direction of the pressure relief portion (1) and the extension direction of the tunnel body (8) having a first angle A; A roof fracture portion (2), the roof fracture portion (2) being arranged at the roof above the coal pillar of the tunnel body (8), and the extension direction of the roof fracture portion (2) and the extension direction of the tunnel body (8) having a second angle B; A plurality of stress blocking devices (3), wherein the plurality of stress blocking devices (3) are staggeredly distributed in the bottom soft rock (9) of the bottom plate of the tunnel along the extension direction of the tunnel body (8); Two water blocking devices (4), the two water blocking devices (4) are respectively arranged at the bottom corners of the solid coal seams on both sides of the tunnel body (8), and the two water blocking devices (4) extend along the extension direction of the tunnel body (8).

2. The tunnel system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stress blocking device (3) comprises: A support frame (31), the support frame (31) having a receiving cavity, the cavity wall of the receiving cavity having a hollow area; A stress sensor (33), wherein the stress sensor (33) is arranged in the accommodating cavity to detect the stress value of the tunnel body (8) in real time; A pressure relief airbag (34), wherein the pressure relief airbag (34) is arranged in the hollow area; a gas generator (35), the gas generator (35) being arranged in the accommodating chamber; A first control module (32), the first control module (32) being signal-connected to the stress sensor (33), the first control module (32) sending a first prompt signal according to stress information acquired by the stress sensor (33); The lane system also includes: A control terminal (36), wherein the control terminal (36) is control-connected to the gas generator (35), wherein the control terminal (36) controls the gas generator (35) to start according to the first prompt signal, and the gas generator (35) is connected to the pressure relief airbag (34) so ​​that the pressure relief airbag (34) expands outward.

3. The tunnel system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lane system also includes: A waterproof isolation structure (5), wherein the waterproof isolation structure (5) is arranged on the bottom plate soft rock (9); In a direction away from the bottom soft rock (9), the waterproof isolation structure (5) sequentially comprises a flexible waterproof layer (52) and an impermeable concrete layer (53); The surface of the impermeable concrete layer (53) facing away from the bottom soft rock (9) has a slope of 3 / 1000 to 4 / 1000, and a water flow channel (7) is provided at the bottom of the impermeable concrete layer (53); Wherein, the water flow trough (7) extends along the extension direction of the tunnel body (8), and the water flow trough (7) is connected to the water collection device.

4. The tunnel system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lane system also includes: A plurality of drainage devices (6) are staggeredly distributed in the bottom soft rock (9) of the tunnel floor along the extension direction of the tunnel body (8), and the water collecting column of each drainage device (6) is used to collect water within a preset depth range of the bottom soft rock (9).

5. The tunnel system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The drainage device (6) comprises: A water collecting column (61), wherein the wall surface of the water collecting column (61) is provided with a water seepage hole (611), and the water seepage hole (611) is used to collect water within a preset depth range of the bottom plate soft rock (9); A water level sensor (62), the water level sensor (62) being arranged on a pipe wall surface of the water collecting column (61) to detect the water level in the water collecting column (61); A drainage pipe (63), wherein a first end of the drainage pipe (63) extends into the bottom of the water collecting column (61), and a second end of the drainage pipe (63) is located outside the water collecting column (61); A pump body structure (64), wherein the pump body structure (64) is connected to the second end of the drain pipe (63); a second control module, the second control module being connected to the water level sensor (62) by signal, the second control module sending a second prompt signal according to the water level information acquired by the water level sensor (62); The lane system also includes: A control terminal (36), wherein the control terminal (36) is control-connected to the pump structure (64), and the control terminal (36) controls the pump structure (64) to start draining water according to the second prompt signal.

6. A method for improving the deformation of the bottom plate of a water-rich soft rock roadway, characterized in that: For the tunnel system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, the processing method comprises: A pressure relief portion (1) is provided at the solid coal wall of the tunnel body (8), and the extension direction of the pressure relief portion (1) and the extension direction of the tunnel body (8) form a first angle A, so as to cut off the transmission path of the mine pressure above the solid coal wall to the bottom rock layer; A roof fracture portion (2) is provided at the roof above the coal pillar, and the extension direction of the roof fracture portion (2) and the extension direction of the tunnel body (8) form a second angle B, so as to cut off the roof rock layer above the coal pillar and cut off the transmission path of the mine pressure above the coal pillar to the floor rock layer; A plurality of stress blocking devices (3) are staggeredly distributed in the bottom soft rock (9) of the bottom plate of the tunnel along the extension direction of the tunnel body (8) to cut off the transmission path of the external stress to the bottom plate surface; The two water blocking devices (4) are respectively arranged at the bottom corners of the solid coal seams on both sides of the tunnel body (8), and the two water blocking devices (4) are extended along the extension direction of the tunnel body (8).

7. The processing method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The processing method also includes: The stress sensor (33) of the stress blocking device (3) detects the stress value of the tunnel floor in real time; When the stress sensor (33) detects that the stress value of the tunnel floor is less than a first preset value, the stress blocking device (3) cuts off the transmission path of the stress to the floor rock layer through the support frame (31); When the stress sensor (33) detects that the stress value of the tunnel floor is not less than the first preset value, the first control module (32) sends a first prompt signal according to the stress information obtained by the stress sensor (33) to prompt the underground staff to operate the control terminal (36); The gas generator (35) of the stress blocking device (3) receives the first control signal from the control terminal (36) and starts, so that the pressure relief airbag (34) of the stress blocking device (3) expands outward and squeezes and crushes the bottom plate rock mass around the support frame (31), so as to cut off the transmission path of stress to the bottom plate rock layer.

8. The processing method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The processing method also includes: A waterproof isolation structure (5) is arranged on the bottom soft rock (9), and the surface of the waterproof isolation structure (5) facing away from the bottom soft rock (9) is arranged to be an inclined surface, and a water flow channel (7) is provided at the bottom of the inclined surface; The extension direction of the water flow trough (7) is set to be consistent with the extension direction of the tunnel body (8), and the water flow trough (7) is connected to the water collection device.

9. The processing method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The surface of the waterproof isolation structure (5) facing away from the bottom plate soft rock (9) is set to have a slope of 3 / 1000 to 4 / 1000.

10. The processing method according to claim 6, characterized in that: A plurality of drainage devices (6) are staggeredly distributed in the bottom soft rock (9) of the bottom plate of the tunnel along the extension direction of the tunnel body (8), and the water collecting column (61) of each drainage device (6) is used to collect water within a preset depth range of the bottom soft rock (9); When the water level sensor (62) of the drainage device (6) detects that the water level in the water collecting column (61) reaches a second preset value, the second control module sends a second prompt signal based on the water level information obtained by the water level sensor (62) to prompt the underground staff to operate the control terminal (36); The pump structure (64) of the drainage device (6) receives the second control signal from the control terminal (36) and starts up, so that the pump structure (64) discharges the water in the water collecting column (61).

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